argument and persuasion - winston-salem/forsyth county ......ethical appeal (ethos) – based on...
TRANSCRIPT
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Persuasion
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In what ways are we already familiar
with persuasion?
Why is it important to study
persuasion?
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Rhetorical Triangle
https://is.byu.edu/is/site/sample/engl316/secure/lesson2p3.htm
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Forms of Persuasion
Ethical appeal (ethos) – based on shared moral values
and call upon an audience’s sense of right, justice, and
virtue
Logical/rational appeal (logos) – based on rational
arguments that support sets of assumptions already
accepted by the audience
Emotional/value appeal (pathos) – based on
acknowledgement of audience’s sympathies and beliefs
and shows how the argument relates to the audience
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Ethos/Credibility Pathos/Emotion
Logos/Logic
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Ethos
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Ethos
Credibility or ethical appeal
Convincing by the character of the author/speaker
Convincing by appeal to sense of morality
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Credibility appeal
morganlivingston.wordpress.com
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Credibility appeal
http://www.slideshare.net/dianakn
oll/logos-ethos-and-pathos-in-
advertising
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Credibility appeal
nicolechirban.wordpress.com
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Credibility appeal
dowkerclassroom.blogspot.com
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Ethical appeal
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Ethical appeal
propresobama.org
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Ethos in text
People—crippled or not—wince at the word ―cripple,‖ as they
do not at ―handicapped‖ or ―disabled.‖ Perhaps I want them to
wince. I want them to see me as a tough customer, one to
whom the fates/gods/viruses have not been kind, but who can
face the brutal truth of her existence squarely. As a cripple, I
swagger. (Nancy Mairs, ―On Being a Cripple‖)
establishes her credibility and trustworthiness and
authority to write about this subject by being honest
admits she is uncertain about her own motives and shows
she understands the discomfort others’ have with this
subject
Source: power point by First Year Composition staff at U. of South Florida
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Logos
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Logos
Logical appeal
Convincing through use of statistics, facts, evidence, etc.
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Logical appeal (also credibility appeal)
www.fanpop.com
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Logical appeal (also emotional)
chsamandaf.blogspot.com
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Logical appeal
laura-lives-here.blogspot.com
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Logos in text
We don’t have single-sex toilets at home, and we don’t need
them at the office. Then there’s also the small question of
efficiency. I see my male colleagues waiting in line to use the
men’s room, when the women’s toilet is unoccupied. Which is
precisely why Delta Airlines doesn’t label those two
bathrooms at the back of the plane as being solely for men and
women. It just wouldn’t fly. (Ian Ayres)
evidence establishes the precedent that Ayres uses to
compare to the current situation that she argues should be
changed
Source: power point by First Year Composition staff at U. of South Florida
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Pathos
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Pathos
Emotional appeal
Convincing by appeal to feelings:
Fear
Humor
Sadness
Desire
Nostalgia
Etc…
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Emotional appeal
jen6330.wordpress.com
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Emotional appeal
dgrover507.blogspot.com
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Emotional appeal
imgarcade.com
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Pathos in text
We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end. We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills. We shall never surrender. (Winston Churchill, speech to the House of Commons, June 4, 1940)
note the use of anaphora which emphasizes the point and expresses passion and emotion. (which, in turn affects the audience emotionally)
Source: power point by First Year Composition staff at U. of South Florida
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Your turn
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zombierhetoriceng1020.wordpress.com
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mitchellxblog.blogspot.com
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www.poweranks.com
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http://www.slideshare.net/dianaknoll/logos-
ethos-and-pathos-in-advertising
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jessicaachinwubaa.blogspot.com
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mavdisk.mnsu.edu
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http://www.slideshare.net/dianaknoll/logos-ethos-and-pathos-in-advertising
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www.bet.com
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www.coca-colacompany.com
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In commercials
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Google Chrome: Dear Sophie
Nike Vapor Carbon Fly Cleats
The Force: Volkswagen Commercial
Mikey Likes Life Cereal
Snuggle Fabric Softener
Vitamin Water
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In a speech
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Atticus Finch’s closing argument
From To Kill a Mockingbird
Use three different colored highlighters to identify where
the speech uses ethos, pathos, and logos (or several at the
same time).
Audio
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In a written argument
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“Rap Lyrics on Trial”
Use three different colored highlighters to identify where
the speech uses ethos, pathos, and logos (or several at the
same time).
Rap Lyrics on Trial - NYTimes.com
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Now you find one
Not enough time…
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From one of the magazines
You may not share magazines.
Find an ad that uses as many of the forms of persuasion
as possible. Don’t settle for only one form.
Be ready to present these to the class on the document
camera.