aquaculture growth potential in africapopulation expected to increase from 1.244 billion to 1.688...

Aquaculture growth potential in

Africa

WAPI factsheet to facilitate evidence-based policy-making and sector management in aquaculture

March 2020

Preparation of this factsheet

This factsheet provides data and information to facilitate the assessment of aquaculture growth potential in Africa.

Analyses in the factsheet are based on official data and statistics published by FAO and other international or national organizations. The data and statistics, which were the most updated at the time when the factsheet was prepared, may differ from data and statistics used in other WAPI factsheets because of different data sources or different versions of the same datasets.

The term “country” used in this factsheet includes non-sovereign territory. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

Unless noted otherwise, country grouping in this factsheet follows the United Nations M49 standard.

The preparation of the factsheet has benefited from tables and charts generated by various World Aquaculture Performance Indicator (WAPI) modules. Most of these data analysis tools are for FAO internal use, yet some of them are available for test use. Visit the WAPI webpage for more information about WAPI information and knowledge products.

The factsheet was prepared by Junning Cai, Xiaowei Zhou and Giulia Galli. The validity and relevance of the results depend on the quality (in terms of timeliness and accuracy) of the underlying data and statistics used in the analyses – see some remarks on FAO aquaculture statistics in Slide 3. Errors could also occur in the analyses despite our efforts to minimize them. Please let us know if you have any concern.

Contact: Junning Cai (FAO Aquaculture Officer); [email protected]; [email protected].

2

https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/

http://www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en

mailto:[email protected]


Remarks on FAO aquaculture statistical data – Africa

FAO aquaculture statistics are based on data submitted by member countries. When there is a lack of data formally reported by a country, FAO usually estimate the country’s aquaculture production based on data and information from alternative sources or rely on relatively conservative estimation methods when alternative data sources are not readily available.

Many countries lack a national statistics system for collection of aquaculture production data on a regular basis for dissemination and for reporting to FAO. Only 24 countries or territories in Africa reported aquaculture production data to FAO in all the five years during 2013–2017. They are Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Congo, Egypt. Eritrea, Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Senegal, Seychelles, Sudan, Tanzania (mainland), Togo, Tunisia, Uganda and Zanzibar.

There is an urgent need for national capacity development in aquaculture statistics system at several levels, including (i) the legal status, institutionalization and resource allocation; (ii) development of national statistical standards in line with international standards; (iii) adequate and stable staffing plus an effective mechanism for data collection, compilation, storage, dissemination and reporting.

For further information about FAO statistics on aquaculture production, contact: Xiaowei Zhou (FAO Aquaculture Officer (Statistics); [email protected]).

3


Species grouping

In this factsheet, “fish” is used as a general term for convenience. When it is necessary to define the scope of a species group for a specific quantitative measure, the following definitions are used:

Aquatic products = Fish & seafood + Miscellaneous aquatic animal products + Aquatic plants

Fish & seafood = Finfish + Shellfish + Miscellaneous aquatic animals.

Finfish = Marine fishes + Diadromous fishes + Freshwater fishes

Shellfish = Crustaceans + Molluscs

Molluscs = Shell molluscs (i.e. molluscs excluding cephalopods) + Cephalopods

4

Contents

Geo-location, natural resources, population and income

Food security, nutrition and health

Contribution of fish to food and nutrition

Domestic fish market (fish consumption)

Fish trade

Fish export

Fish import

Total fishery production

Capture fisheries production

Aquaculture production

Outlook

5

Geo-location, natural resources, population and income

6

Africa: Including 5 geographic sub-regions. Sub-Saharan Africa = Eastern Africa + Western Africa + Middle Africa + Southern Africa + Sudan in Northern Africa.

7

Southern Africa Northern Africa Middle Africa Western Africa Eastern AfricaBotswana Algeria Angola Benin British Indian Ocean TerEswatini Egypt Cameroon Burkina Faso BurundiFrench Southern Terr Libya Central African Republic Cabo Verde ComorosLesotho Morocco Chad Côte d'Ivoire DjiboutiNamibia Sudan Congo Gambia Eritrea

South Africa TunisiaDemocratic Republic of the Congo

Ghana Ethiopia

Western Sahara Equatorial Guinea Guinea KenyaGabon Guinea-Bissau MadagascarSao Tome and Principe Liberia Malawi

Mali MauritiusMauritania MayotteNiger MozambiqueNigeria RwandaSaint Helena RéunionSenegal SeychellesSierra Leone SomaliaTogo South Sudan

Tanzania (mainland)UgandaZambiaZanzibarZimbabwe

Africa (2017): 1.98 percent of world aquaculture production; 16.48 percent of world population; 16.43 percent of world average GDP per capita.

8

Aquaculture production, population and income status

Country/area

Aquaculture production (2017)1 Population (2017)2 GDP per capita (2017)3

Tonnes

Share of

world total

(%)

Million

Share of

world total

(%)

Current USD

Ratio to

world

average (%)

World 111 946 623 100 7 548 100.00 10 723 100.00

Africa 2 214 143 1.98 1 244 16.48 1 761 16.43

Sub-Saharan Africa 737 668 0.66 1 052 13.94 1 527 14.24

Eastern Africa 343 672 0.31 411 5.45 861 8.03

Middle Africa 7 711 0.01 164 2.17 1 484 13.84

Southern Africa 8 062 0.01 65 0.86 5 977 55.74

Western Africa 369 222 0.33 371 4.92 1 548 14.44

Northern Africa 1 485 475 1.33 233 3.08 2 712 25.30

Top 10 fish farming countries in Africa, 2017

Egypt 1 451 841 1.30 96 1.28 2 453 22.87

Nigeria 296 191 0.26 191 2.53 1 972 18.39

Uganda 112 344 0.10 41 0.55 643 5.99

United Republic of Tanzania 129 415 0.12 55 0.72 974 9.08

Ghana 57 415 0.05 29 0.39 2 025 18.89

Zambia 30 300 0.03 17 0.22 1 535 14.32

Madagascar 28 335 0.03 26 0.34 448 4.18

Tunisia 21 930 0.02 11 0.15 3 483 32.48

Kenya 12 760 0.01 50 0.67 1 567 14.61

Malawi 12 217 0.01 18 0.23 353 3.29Data sources: 1. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019). 2. UN World Population Prospects (2019 Revision). 3. Total GDP from IMF World

Economic Outlook Database (April 2019) divided by population from UN World Population Prospects (2019 Revision). N.a. = not available. Country grouping based on the UN M49 standard.

Africa: 22.41 percent of world total land area, 8.84 percent of world total surface area of inland waterbodies; 10.29 percent of world total renewable water resources.

9

Data sources: 1. FAO. 2016. AQUASTAT Main Database – Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Website accessed on 16 May 2019. 2. FAOSTAT Land Cover database (updated June 2019; CCI_LC ). 3. The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), United States of America. Web accessed on 20 May 2019. Coastline length of world equal to the sum of coastline length of 265 countries/territories listed in the data source. Notes: “Total country area” for 2013-2017; “Surface area of inland water bodies” for 2015; “Coastline length” for 2019; “Total renewable water resources” for 2013-2017.

Land and water resources

Country/area

Total country area

(excluding coastal waters)1

Surface area of

inland waterbodies2Coastline length3 Total renewable

water resources1

km2

Share of

world total

(%)

km2

Share of

world total

(%)

km

Share of

world total

(%)

Billion

m3/year

Share of

world total

(%)

World 134 108 230 100.00 3 434 349 100.00 805 942 100.00 54 737 100.00

Africa 30 054 241 22.41 303 527 8.84 5 630 10.29

Sub-Saharan Africa 24 301 351 18.12 292 398 8.51 5 526 10.10

Eastern Africa 6 990 371 5.21 185 304 5.40 1 107 2.02

Middle Africa 6 612 660 4.93 59 401 1.73 2 927 5.35

Southern Africa 2 672 830 1.99 11 168 0.33 111 0.20

Western Africa 6 146 130 4.58 32 039 0.93 1 343 2.45

Northern Africa 7 632 250 5.69 15 615 0.46 141 0.26

Top 10 aquaculture countries in Africa in 2017

Egypt 1 001 450 0.75 7 906 0.23 2 450 0.30 58 0.11

Nigeria 923 770 0.69 9 432 0.28 853 0.11 286 0.52

Uganda 241 550 0.18 37 166 1.08 0 - 60 0.11

United Republic of Tanzania 947 300 0.71 60 135 1.75 1 424 0.18 96 0.18

Ghana 238 540 0.18 7 057 0.21 539 0.07 56 0.10

Zambia 752 610 0.56 13 906 0.41 0 - 105 0.19

Madagascar 587 300 0.44 4 255 0.12 4 828 0.60 337 0.62

Tunisia 163 610 0.12 519 0.02 1 148 0.14 5 0.01

Kenya 580 370 0.43 12 229 0.36 536 0.07 31 0.06

Malawi 118 480 0.09 24 202 0.71 0 - 17 0.03

Africa (2017 versus 2030):

Population expected to

increase from 1.244 billion to

1.688 billion.

Population expected to

increase in all of the top 10

most populated

countries/territories in Africa.

10

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Population Module; see Template 1 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en).

1 244

1 052

411

164

65

371

233

191

106

96

81

57

55

50

41

41

41

1 688

1 455

570

238

75

517

288

263

145

121

120

66

79

66

50

59

55

Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Eastern Africa

Middle Africa

Southern Africa

Western Africa

Northern Africa

Nigeria

Ethiopia

Egypt

Democratic Republic of the…

South Africa

United Republic of Tanzania

Kenya

Algeria

Uganda

Sudan

To

tal p

op

ula

tio

n (m

illio

n)

Top 10 countries in Africa with the highest population, 2017

2017 2030


Africa (2015–2030):

Over 500 million more people in 2030 than in 2015 (2.4 percent annual growth).

Percentage of urban population expected to reach 48.37 percent in 2030.

Female ratio in population expected to decline slightly to 49.98 percent.

11

Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision); United Nations World Urbanization Prospects (2018 revision). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Population Module; see Template 1 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en).

50.08 50.03 50.00 49.9841.15 43.45 45.86 48.37

1 182

1 341

1 509

1 688

2015 2020 2025 2030

Africa

Percentage of females (%) Percentage of urban population (%)

Total population (million)


Food security, nutrition

and health

12


Per capita total protein intake increased from 59 g/day in 1993 to 69.1 g/day in 2013

The share of animal protein in total protein increased from 21.1 percent to 23.2 percent

The fish share in total protein intake increased from 3.8 percent to 4.5 percent.

13

Data source: FAOSTAT Food Balance Sheets (January 2018; www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FBS). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 1.5 in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en).

Vegetal products

76.8%

Animal products

23.2%

Cereals48.9%

Pulses & oilcrops14.6%

Vegetables & fruits

5.0%

Other vegetal products

8.3%

Meat10.4%

Milk & eggs6.9%

Fish & seafood4.5%

Other animal products1.4%

Africa (2013)

Total protein intake (2013):

69.1 g/capita/day

Vegetal products

78.9%

Animal products

21.1%

Cereals55.8%


Vegetables & fruits

4.6%


7.3%

Meat9.5%

Milk & eggs6.5%

Fish & seafood3.8%


Africa (1993)


59 g/capita/day

http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FBS


Africa versus world (2013):

Per capita total protein intake (69.1 g/day) lower than the world average.

The share of animal protein (23.2 percent) lower than the world average.

The fish share in total protein intake (4.5 percent) lower than the world average.

14


Vegetal products

60.4%

Animal products

39.6%

Cereals39.1%

Pulses & oilcrops

8.7%Vegetables

& fruits7.4%


5.1%

Meat17.9%

Milk & eggs13.6%

Fish & seafood

6.5%


World (2013)


81.2 g/capita/day

Vegetal products

76.8%

Animal products

23.2%

Cereals48.9%


Vegetables & fruits

5.0%


8.3%

Meat10.4%

Milk & eggs6.9%

Fish & seafood4.5%


Africa (2013)


69.1 g/capita/day



15

Dat

a so

urce

: FA

OS

TA

T F

oo

d B

alan

ce S

he

ets

(Jan

uar

y 2

018

; ww

w.f

ao.o

rg/f

aost

at/e

n/#

dat

a/F

BS

).

Not

e: C

on

stru

cted

by

the

FAO

WA

PI F

ish

Co

nsu

mp

tio

n M

od

ule

(W

AP

I-FI

SH

CS

P);

see

Fig

ure

1.5

in

WA

PI-

FIS

HC

SP

v.2

018

.1 f

or

an e

xam

ple

(w

ww

.fao

.org

/fis

he

ry/s

tati

stic

s/so

ftw

are/

wap

i/en

).

Vegetal products75.3%

Animal products24.7%

Cereals38.5%


Vegetables & fruits6.1%


10.6%

Meat14.3%

Milk & eggs2.5%

Fish & seafood6.5%


Middle Africa (2013)


62.1 g/capita/day Vegetal products

58.6%

Animal products41.4% Cereals

48.4%

Pulses & oilcrops

4.2%Vegetables & fruits

2.3%

Other vegetal products3.7%

Meat28.2%

Milk & eggs8.2%

Fish & seafood2.1%


Southern Africa (2013)


82.6 g/capita/day



Cereals46.3%


Vegetables & fruits

4.3%


Meat10.4%

Milk & eggs6.1%

Fish & seafood4.4%


Sub-Saharan Africa (2013)


63.1 g/capita/day



Cereals48.7%




Meat7.3%

Milk & eggs6.6%

Fish & seafood2.6%


Eastern Africa (2013)


56.7 g/capita/day



Cereals46.6%


Vegetables & fruits

4.6%


Meat7.5%

Milk & eggs3.9%

Fish & seafood6.5%


Western Africa (2013)


65.3 g/capita/day



Cereals53.9%




3.9%

Meat11.4%

Milk & eggs11.3%

Fish & seafood4.3%


Northern Africa (2013)


93.9 g/capita/day



Africa (mid 2010s):

19.1 percent of the population (233.7 million people) undernourished.

21.3 percent of the population (260.8 million people) in severe food insecurity.

32.6 percent of children stunted.

11.8 percent of adults obese.

37.7 percent of reproductive-age women anaemic.

16Data source: FAOSTAT - Suite of Food Security Indicators (updated on 11 October, 2019); http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FS.Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Food Security Module; see Template 2 in the WAPI Prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en).

Africa, 19.1

Africa, 21.3

Africa, 32.6

Africa, 11.8

Africa, 37.7

Sub-Saharan Africa, 21.9





Eastern Africa, 30.6



Eastern Africa, 5.2


Middle Africa, 25.7

Middle Africa, 34.5

Middle Africa, 6.6

Middle Africa, 43.5

Southern Africa, 8.2





Western Africa, 12.8



Western Africa, 7.7


Northern Africa, 7.0





World, 10.7

World, 8.2

World, 25.0

World, 13.2

World, 32.8

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Prevalence ofundernourishment (%; 2015-

2017)

Prevalence of severe foodinsecurity in the total

population (%, 2015-2017)

Percentage of children under5 years of age who are

stunted (%; 2012)

Prevalence of obesity in theadult population (18 years

and older; %; 2016)

Prevalence of anaemiaamong women of

reproductive age (15-49years; %; 2016)

Food security and nutrition status in Africa

http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FS


Africa (2017):

62.8 years of life expectancy at birth for total population.

64.5 years of life expectancy at birth for female population.

61.1 years of life expectancy at birth for male population.

17

Data source: Country-level data from the World Bank World Development Indicators (WDI), downloaded on 8 May 2019; United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision) used to calculate life expectancy at the regional level. Country grouping based on the UN M49 Standard.Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Human Health Module (including calculation of life expectancy at the regional/global level); see Template 3 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en).

Africa, 62.8

Africa, 64.5

Africa, 61.1







Middle Africa, 59.6

Middle Africa, 61.3

Middle Africa, 57.9










World, 72.2

World, 74.4

World, 70.1

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Life expectancy at birth,total (years, 2017)

Life expectancy at birth,female (years, 2017)

Life expectancy at birth,male (years, 2017)

Life expectancy in Africa


Contribution of fish to

food and nutrition

18


Per capita animal protein intake (16.1 g/day) only half of the world average.

Fish contribution to animal protein intake (19.3 percent) higher than the world average.

19


Meat45.3%

Milk & eggs34.3%

Fish & seafood16.3%

Bovine meat11.0%

Pigmeat14.5%

Mutton & goat meat

2.2%

Poultry meat16.1%

Other meat1.5%

Milk25.6%

Eggs8.7%

Finfish13.7%

World (2013)

Animal protein intake

(2013): 32.1

g/capita/day

Meat44.8%

Milk & eggs29.9%

Fish & seafood19.3%

Others6.0%

Bovine meat15.7%

Pigmeat2.7%

Mutton & goat meat6.7%

Poultry meat14.9%

Other meat4.8%

Milk25.1%

Eggs4.8%

Finfish18.9%

Shellfish0.4%

Africa (2013)


(2013): 16.1

(g/capita/day)



20

Dat

a so

urce

: FA

OS

TA

T F

oo

d B

alan

ce S

hee

ts (

Jan

uar

y 2

018

; ww

w.f

ao.o

rg/f

aost

at/e

n/#

dat

a/F

BS

).

Not

e: C

on

stru

cted

by

the

FA

O W

AP

I Fis

h C

on

sum

pti

on

Mo

du

le (

WA

PI-

FIS

HC

SP

); s

ee F

igu

re 1

.5 in

W

AP

I-FI

SH

CS

P v

.20

18.1

fo

r an

exa

mp

le (

ww

w.f

ao.o

rg/f

ish

ery

/sta

tist

ics/

soft

war

e/w

api/e

n).

Meat46.5%

Milk & eggs27.5%

Fish & seafood19.6%

Bovine meat16.3%

Pigmeat3.9%


Poultry meat13.7%

Other meat5.6%

Milk23.4%

Eggs4.1%

Finfish19.3%

Shellfish0.3%

Others6.4%



(2013): 14.1

(g/capita/day)

Meat41.0%

Milk & eggs37.5%

Fish & seafood14.5%

Bovine meat20.6%

Pigmeat4.6%


Poultry meat5.5%

Other meat4.9%

Milk34.6%

Eggs2.9%

Finfish14.4%

Shellfish0.1% Others

7.0%



(2013): 10.1

(g/capita/day)

Meat39.3%

Milk & eggs20.6%

Fish & seafood34.2%

Bovine meat10.9%

Pigmeat3.3%


Poultry meat9.0%

Other meat7.4%

Milk14.9%

Eggs5.7%

Finfish33.9%

Shellfish0.2%

Others5.9%



(2013): 12.4

(g/capita/day)

Meat58.1%

Milk & eggs10.1%

Fish & seafood26.2%

Bovine meat18.2%

Pigmeat7.4%


Poultry meat18.8%

Other meat8.8%

Milk8.9%

Eggs1.2%

Finfish25.7%

Shellfish0.5%

Others5.6%



(2013): 15.3

(g/capita/day)Meat68.0%

Milk & eggs

19.8%

Fish & seafood5.1%

Bovine meat19.6%

Pigmeat3.1%

Mutton & goat meat

4.3%

Poultry meat39.1%

Other meat2.0%

Milk13.8%

Eggs5.9%

Finfish4.7%

Shellfish0.4%

Others7.1%



(2013): 34.2

(g/capita/day)

Meat39.8%

Milk & eggs39.7%

Fish & seafood15.0%

Bovine meat14.4%


Poultry meat15.3%

Other meat3.0%

Milk34.2%

Eggs5.5%

Finfish14.5%

Shellfish0.5%

Others5.5%



(2013): 26.8

(g/capita/day)



Data source: FAOSTAT Food Balance Sheets (January 2018; www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FBS). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 2.5a in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en).

Africa (2013): Per capita animal protein intake (16.1 g/day) was lower than world average; fish share in animal protein (19.3 percent) was higher than world average.

21

Contribution of fish to animal protein

Country/area

Per capita protein intake in 2013

(g/capita/day) Fish share (%)

Fish products Animal products

World 5.2 32.1 16.3

Africa 3.1 16.1 19.3

Sub-Saharan Africa 2.8 14.1 19.6

Eastern Africa 1.5 10.1 14.5

Middle Africa 4.0 15.3 26.2

Southern Africa 1.8 34.2 5.1

Western Africa 4.2 12.4 34.2

Northern Africa 4.0 26.8 15.0

Top 10 fish farming countries in Africa (ranked by 2017 production tonnage)

Egypt 6.3 26.3 24.0

Nigeria 4.2 9.9 42.5

Uganda 3.7 12.4 30.1

United Republic of

Tanzania2.0 10.2 19.7

Ghana 8.6 17.2 49.9

Zambia 1.8 9.2 19.4

Madagascar 1.4 10.0 14.2

Tunisia 3.9 28.4 13.9

Kenya 1.2 15.9 7.7

Malawi 2.2 7.8 28.0

Africa

Eastern Africa

Western Africa

Middle Africa

Southern Africa

Northern Africa

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

0 20 40 60 80 100

Rat

io o

f Fi

sh &

sea

foo

d t

o A

nim

al p

rod

uct

s (%

)

Per capita protein intake of Animal products in 2013 (g/capita/day)

African countries

Countries in the Americas

Asian countries

European countries

Oceania countries

Bubble size: populationCoordinate origin: world average




Per capita animal protein intake increased from 12.5 g/day to 16.1 g/day.

Fish share in animal protein intake increased from 17.8 percent to 19.3 percent.

22

Data source: FAOSTAT Food Balance Sheets (January 2018; www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/FBS). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 1.5 in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Food items contributing less than 0.5 percent of animal protein may not be labelled.

Meat44.9%

Milk & eggs31.0%

Fish & seafood17.8%

Others6.3%

Bovine meat20.1%

Pigmeat2.2%


Poultry meat9.1%

Other meat6.1%

Milk26.2%

Eggs4.8%

Finfish17.6%

Shellfish0.2%

Africa (1993)


(2013): 12.5

(g/capita/day)

Meat44.8%

Milk & eggs29.9%

Fish & seafood19.3%

Others6.0%

Bovine meat15.7%

Pigmeat2.7%


Poultry meat14.9%

Other meat4.8%

Milk25.1%

Eggs4.8%

Finfish18.9%

Shellfish0.4%

Africa (2013)


(2013): 16.1

(g/capita/day)



Data source: FAO Food Balance Sheets (FBS) of fish and fishery products, 1961–2013, published through FishStatJ (November 2017; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 5.1 in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Fish & seafood includes finfish, crustaceans, molluscs and miscellaneous aquatic animals, but NOT aquatic plants, miscellaneous aquatic animal products or whales, seals and other aquatic mammals. The FBS production data here may not be consistent with more updated production data in FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics. Numbers may not add up exactly due to rounding.

Africa (2013): Food balance sheet for fish & seafood

9 605 152 tonnes domestic fish production – 504 027 tonnes for non-food use (5.2 percent of the production) = 9 101 125 tonnes domestic food fish production ( 94.8 percent of the production)

9 101 125 tonnes domestic food fish production (67.3 percent of food fish supply) + 4 012 842 tonnes food fish import (29.7 percent of food fish supply) + 415 355 tonnes inventory depletion = 13 529 322 tonnes food fish supply available for utilization

13 529 322 tonnes food fish utilization = 2 303 825 tonnes food fish export (17 percent of food fish utilization) + 11 225 497 tonnes (food) fish

consumption (83 percent of food fish utilization).

23

9 605 152

504 027

4 012 842

415 355 2 303 825

11 225 497

0

2 000 000

4 000 000

6 000 000

8 000 000

10 000 000

12 000 000

14 000 000

16 000 000

Domesticproduction

Domesticproduction fornon-food uses

Food fishimport

Inventorydepletion

Food fishexport

Domesticconsumption

TO

NN

ES

FISH & SEAFOOD SUPPLY AND UTILIZATION IN AFRICA (2013)

Import29.7%

Domestic production67.3%

Inventory

decrease3.1%

Food fish supply (2013): 13 529 322 tonnes

Non-food uses5.2%

Food fish94.8%

Domestic production (2013): 9 605 152 tonnes

Export17.0%

Consumption83.0%

Food fish utilization (2013): 13 529 322 tonnes

http://www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en


Data source: FAO Food Balance Sheets of fish and fishery products, 1961–2013, published through FishStatJ (November 2017; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 5.2 in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Numbers may not add up exactly due to rounding. 24

Africa (1993–2013):

Total domestic fish consumption increased from 5 118 187 tonnes in 1993 to 11 225 497 tonnes in 2013.

Food fish supply from domestic sources increased from 4 983 723 tonnes in 1993 to 9 516 480 tonnes in 2013.

The 11 225 497 tonnes total domestic fish consumption in 2013 = 9 516 480 tonnes food fish supply from domestic sources + 1 709 017 tonnes net food fish import.

Per capita fish consumption increased from 8.6 kg in 1993 to 10.1 kg in 2013.

4 983 723

9 516 480

134 464

1 709 017

8.6 10.1

5 118 187

11 225 497

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Fish & seafood supply and utilization in Africa (1993–2013)

Net import (import minus export)

Food fish supply from domestic sources (production plus stock depletion minus non-food uses) (live weight; tonne)

Per capita fish consumption (live weight; kg)

Total fish consumption (live weight; tonne)



Data source: FAO Food Balance Sheets (FBS) of fish and fishery products, 1961–2013, published through FishStatJ (November 2017; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 5.1 in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Fish & seafood includes finfish, crustaceans, molluscs and miscellaneous aquatic animals, but NOT aquatic plants, miscellaneous aquatic animal products or whales, seals and other aquatic mammals. The FBS production data here may not be consistent with more updated production data in FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics. Numbers may not add up exactly due to rounding.

Sub-Saharan Africa (2013): Food balance sheet for fish & seafood

6 634 363 tonnes domestic fish production – 318 574 tonnes for non-food use (4.8 percent of the production) = 6 315 789 tonnes domestic food fish production (95.2 percent of the production)

6 315 789 tonnes domestic food fish production (62.7 percent of food fish supply) + 3 348 737 tonnes food fish import (33.2 percent of food fish supply) + 412 586 tonnes inventory depletion (4.1 percent) = 10 077 112 tonnes food fish supply available for utilization

10 077 112 tonnes food fish utilization = 1 711 594 tonnes food fish export (17 percent of food fish utilization) + 8 365 519 tonnes (food) fish

consumption (83 percent of food fish utilization).

25

6 634 363

318 574

3 348 737

412 586 1 711 594

8 365 519

0

2 000 000

4 000 000

6 000 000

8 000 000

10 000 000

12 000 000

Domesticproduction

Domesticproduction fornon-food uses

Food fishimport

Inventorydepletion

Food fishexport

Domesticconsumption

TO

NN

ES

FISH & SEAFOOD SUPPLY AND UTILIZATION IN SUB -SAHARAN AFRICA (2013)

Import33.2%

Domestic production62.7%

Inventory

decrease4.1%

Food fish supply (2013): 10 077 112 tonnes

Non-food uses4.8%

Food fish95.2%

Domestic production (2013): 6 634 363 tonnes

Export17.0%

Consumption83.0%

Food fish utilization (2013): 10 077 112 tonnes



Data source: FAO Food Balance Sheets of fish and fishery products, 1961–2013, published through FishStatJ (November 2017; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 5.2 in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Numbers may not add up exactly due to rounding. 26

Sub-Saharan Africa (1993–2013):

Total domestic fish consumption increased from 4 234 292 tonnes in 1993 to 8 365 519 tonnes in 2013.

Food fish supply from domestic sources increased from 3 987 275 tonnes in 1993 to 6 728 375 tonnes in 2013.

The 8 365 519 tonnes total domestic fish consumption in 2013 = 6 728 375 tonnes food fish supply from domestic sources + 1 637 144 tonnes net food fish import.

Per capita fish consumption in the sub-region declined slightly from 9.1 kg to 9.0 kg.

3 987 275

6 728 375 247 017

1 637 144

9.1 9.0

4 234 292

8 365 519

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Fish & seafood supply and utilization in Sub-Saharan Africa (1993–2013)

Net import (import minus export)Food fish supply from domestic sources (production plus stock depletion minus non-food uses) (live weight; tonne)Per capita fish consumption (live weight; kg)Total fish consumption (live weight; tonne)



Domestic fish market

(fish consumption)

27

Africa (1993–2013) :

The increase in total fish consumption from 5.1 million tonnes in 1993 to 11.2 million tonnes in 2013 was driven by both population growth (from 0.68 billion to 1.12 billion) and the increase in per capita fish consumption (from 8.6 kg to 10.1 kg).

28

Data sources: FAO Food Balance Sheets (FBS) of fish and fishery products, 1961–2013, published through FishStatJ (November 2017; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision; https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Download/Standard/Population). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP) (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Per capita consumption equal to total consumption (from FAO FBS) divided by population (from United Nations World Population Prospect).

0.68 0.70 0.72 0.74 0.75 0.77 0.79 0.81 0.83 0.85 0.87 0.89 0.92 0.94 0.96 0.99 1.01 1.04 1.07 1.09 1.12

5.14.8

5.25.4

5.7 5.96.2 6.3

6.7 6.67.0

7.78.0

8.9 9.0 9.39.6

10.2

10.8 10.911.2

8.67.6 8.1 8.0 8.2 8.4 8.5 8.4 8.7 8.4 8.7 9.2 9.6 10.1 10.1 10.0 10.2 10.4 10.7 10.1 10.1

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Africa

Population (billion) Total fish consumption (million tonnes) Per capita fish consumption (kg)


https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Download/Standard/Population


Data sources: FAO Food Balance Sheets (FBS) of fish and fishery products, 1961–2013, published through FishStatJ (November 2017; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision) (https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Download/Standard/Population). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 3.3 in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Per capita fish consumption equal to total consumption (from FAO FBS) divided by population (from United Nations Population Prospect 2019).

Africa (1993 versus 2013) : Per capita fish consumption Africa increased from 8.6 kg to 10.1 kg between 1993 and 2013; the 0.8 percent annual growth rate lower than half of the world average.

29

Status and trend of per capita fish consumption

Country/area

Per capita fish consumption

(kg/year)Annual growth

(%)1993 2013

World 14.3 19.9 1.7

Africa 8.6 10.1 0.8

Sub-Saharan Africa 9.1 9.0 -0.1

Eastern Africa 5.7 5.3 -0.4

Middle Africa 11.1 10.2 -0.4

Southern Africa 8.9 6.1 -1.9

Western Africa 11.0 13.7 1.1

Northern Africa 7.0 13.5 3.4

Top 10 fish farming countries in Africa

Egypt 7.8 20.5 4.9

Nigeria 6.6 13.5 3.7

Uganda 10.6 13.2 1.1

United Republic of Tanzania 11.4 7.3 -2.2

Ghana 24.4 25.6 0.2

Zambia 8.6 9.7 0.6

Madagascar 7.97 4.16 -3.2

Tunisia 7.9 13.7 2.8

Kenya 5.4 4.0 -1.6

Malawi 7.0 7.6 0.4

14.3

8.6

9.1

5.7

11.1

8.9

11.0

7.0

6.6

0.1

7.8

9.4

9.0

11.4

5.45

3.7

10.6

-

19.9

10.1

9.0

5.3

10.2

6.1

13.7

13.5

13.5

0.4

20.5

5.1

6.2

7.3

3.98

4.2

13.2

1.1

0 5 10 15 20 25

World

Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa

Eastern Africa

Middle Africa

Southern Africa

Western Africa

Northern Africa

Nigeria

Ethiopia

Egypt

Democratic Republic of the Congo

South Africa

United Republic of Tanzania

Kenya

Algeria

Uganda

Sudan

Per capita fish consumption in top 10 most populated countries in Africa (kg/year)

1993 2013


https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Download/Standard/Population



Per capita fish consumption increased from 8.6 kg to 10.11 kg.

The share of marine fishes in fish consumption declined from 66.4 percent to 60.1 percent.

The share of freshwater & diadromous fishes increased from 31.2 percent to 37.5 percent.

30

Data sources: FAO Food Balance Sheets (FBS) of fish and fishery products, 1961–2013, published through FishStatJ (November 2017; United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Consumption Module (WAPI-FISHCSP); see Figure 3.3 in WAPI-FISHCSP v.2018.1 for an example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Per capita fish consumption equal to total consumption (from FAO FBS) divided by population (from United Nations Population Prospect 2019).

Finfish,9.86 , 98%

Shellfish, 0.25 , 2%

Marine fishes, 6.07 , 60.1%

Crustaceans, 0.15 , 1.5%

Shell molluscs, 0.04 , 0.4% Cephalopods,

0.05 , 0.5%

Africa (2013)

Per capita fish consumption (2013): 10.11

kg/capita/year

Finfish,8.39 , 98%





0.05 , 0.5%

Africa (1993)

Per capita fish consumption

(1993): 8.6 kg/capita/year



The 10.11 kg per capita fish consumption about half of the world average.

The 2 percent shellfish share in fish consumption much lower than the world average.

The 60.1 percent share of marine fishes much higher than the world average.

31


Finfish, 14.72 , 75%




Shell molluscs, 2.57 , 13.1%

Cephalopods, 0.52 , 2.7%

World (2013)


kg/capita/year

Finfish,9.86 , 98%





0.05 , 0.5%

Africa (2013)


kg/capita/year


Sub-Saharan Africa versus Africa (2013):

The 8.97 kg per capita fish consumption lower than the African average.

The species composition similar to the African pattern.

32


Finfish, 9.86 , 98%





0.05 , 0.5%

Africa (2013)


kg/capita/year

Finfish, 8.78 , 98%




Shell molluscs, 0.04 , 0.5%

Cephalopods, 0.03 , 0.3%



kg/capita/year


Fish trade

33

Africa versus Developing Regions (2005–2017): Fish trade patterns

34

Data source: FAO. 2019. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global fisheries commodities production and trade 1976–2017 (FishStatJ) (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en).

Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45–47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Includes all aquatic commodities recorded in the data source. CIF = Cost, insurance and freight; FOB = Free on board.

-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

0

5 000 000

10 000 000

15 000 000

20 000 000

25 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

Africa (aquatic products)

Export quantity (product weight; tonnes)

Import quantity (product weight; tonnes)

Export price (USD/kg; FOB)

Import price (USD/kg; CIF)

-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

0

5 000 000

10 000 000

15 000 000

20 000 000

25 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

Developing Regions (aquatic products)







Sub-Saharan Africa versus Northern Africa (2005–2017): Fish trade patterns

35



-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

0

500 000

1 000 000

1 500 000

2 000 000

2 500 000

3 000 000

3 500 000

4 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

Sub-Saharan Africa (aquatic products)





-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

0

500 000

1 000 000

1 500 000

2 000 000

2 500 000

3 000 000

3 500 000

4 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

Northern Africa (aquatic products)







Africa (2005–2017): Status and trends of fish trade

36


Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45–47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Includes all

aquatic commodities recorded in the data source. CIF = Cost, insurance and freight; FOB = Free on board.

-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

0

1 000 000

2 000 000

3 000 000

4 000 000

5 000 000

6 000 000

7 000 000

8 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

or

US

D 1

00

0

Africa: Exports of aquatic products


Export value (USD 1 000; FOB)


-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

0

1 000 000

2 000 000

3 000 000

4 000 000

5 000 000

6 000 000

7 000 000

8 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

or

US

D 1

00

0

Africa: Imports of aquatic products


Import value (USD 1 000; CIF)




Sub-Saharan Africa (2005–2017): Status and trends of fish trade

37




-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

0

1 000 000

2 000 000

3 000 000

4 000 000

5 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

or

US

D 1

00

0

Sub-Saharan Africa: Exports of aquatic products




-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

0

1 000 000

2 000 000

3 000 000

4 000 000

5 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

or

US

D 1

00

0

Sub-Saharan Africa: Imports of aquatic products






Northern Africa (2005–2017): Status and trends of fish trade

38




-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

0

500 000

1 000 000

1 500 000

2 000 000

2 500 000

3 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

or

US

D 1

00

0

Northern Africa: Exports of aquatic products




-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

0

500 000

1 000 000

1 500 000

2 000 000

2 500 000

3 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

or

US

D 1

00

0

Northern Africa: Imports of aquatic products






Eastern Africa (2005–2017): Status and trends of fish trade

39




-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

0

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

1 000 000

1 200 000

1 400 000

1 600 000

1 800 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

or

US

D 1

00

0

Eastern Africa: Exports of aquatic products




-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

0

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

1 000 000

1 200 000

1 400 000

1 600 000

1 800 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

or

US

D 1

00

0

Eastern Africa: Imports of aquatic products






Western Africa (2005–2017): Status and trends of fish trade

40




-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

0

500 000

1 000 000

1 500 000

2 000 000

2 500 000

3 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

or

US

D 1

00

0

Western Africa: Exports of aquatic products




-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

0

500 000

1 000 000

1 500 000

2 000 000

2 500 000

3 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

or

US

D 1

00

0

Western Africa: Imports of aquatic products






Middle Africa (2005–2017): Status and trends of fish trade

41




-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

0

100 000

200 000

300 000

400 000

500 000

600 000

700 000

800 000

900 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

or

US

D 1

00

0

Middle Africa: Exports of aquatic products




-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

0

100 000

200 000

300 000

400 000

500 000

600 000

700 000

800 000

900 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

or

US

D 1

00

0

Middle Africa: Imports of aquatic products






Southern Africa (2005–2017): Status and trends of fish trade

42




-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

0

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

1 000 000

1 200 000

1 400 000

1 600 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

or

US

D 1

00

0

Southern Africa: Exports of aquatic products




-

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

0

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

1 000 000

1 200 000

1 400 000

1 600 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D/k

g

ton

ne

or

US

D 1

00

0

Southern Africa: Imports of aquatic products






Africa versus Developing Regions (2005–2017): Status and trends of fish trade balance

43



2 184 614

- 1 000 000

0

1 000 000

2 000 000

3 000 000

4 000 000

5 000 000

6 000 000

7 000 000

8 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D 1

00

0

Africa (aquatic products trade balance)



Trade balance (USD 1 000)

40 851 401

0

10 000 000

20 000 000

30 000 000

40 000 000

50 000 000

60 000 000

70 000 000

80 000 000

90 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D 1

00

0

Developing Regions (aquatic products trade balance)






Sub-Saharan Africa versus Northern Africa (2005–2017): Status and trends of fish trade balance

44



838 344

- 2 000 000

- 1 000 000

0

1 000 000

2 000 000

3 000 000

4 000 000

5 000 000

6 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D 1

00

0

Sub-Saharan Africa (aquatic products trade balance)




1 342 385

- 2 000 000

- 1 000 000

0

1 000 000

2 000 000

3 000 000

4 000 000

5 000 000

6 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D 1

00

0

Northern Africa (aquatic products trade balance)






Eastern Africa and Western Africa (2005–2017): Status and trends of fish trade balance

45



639 073

0

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

1 000 000

1 200 000

1 400 000

1 600 000

1 800 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D 1

00

0

Eastern Africa (aquatic products trade balance)




- 27 421

- 3 000 000

- 2 000 000

- 1 000 000

0

1 000 000

2 000 000

3 000 000

4 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D 1

00

0

Western Africa (aquatic products trade balance)






Middle Africa and Southern Africa (2005–2017): Status and trends of fish trade balance

46



- 614 062

- 1 000 000

- 800 000

- 600 000

- 400 000

- 200 000

0

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

1 000 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D 1

00

0

Middle Africa (aquatic products trade balance)




844 639

0

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

1 000 000

1 200 000

1 400 000

1 600 000

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

US

D 1

00

0

Southern Africa (aquatic products trade balance)






Africa (2005 – 2017): Contribution of fish to international commodity trade

47

Data source: Data on export or import value from FAO. 2019. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global fisheries commodities production and trade 1976–2017 (FishStatJ) (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en/). Fish share in total export or import calculated from UN Comtrade data (https://comtrade.un.org/data; accessed on 27 September 2019).Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en).

2 008 310 2 887 837 3 399 002

5 431 579 5 300 834 5 309 117 5 074 400

0.56

0.92 0.84

1.05 0.93

0.79

1.00

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Africa: fish share in total import value

aquatic products import value (USD 1 000)

Share of aquatic product in import value of all commodities (%)

3 828 723 4 589 519 4 841 328 5 319 936 6 026 493 5 949 211 7 259 014

2.14

1.25 1.41

0.96

1.22

1.87 2.01

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Africa: fish share in total export value

aquatic products export value (USD 1 000)

Share of aquatic product in export value of all commodities (%)

http://www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en/

https://comtrade.un.org/data/


Sub-Saharan Africa (2005 – 2017): Contribution of fish to international commodity trade

48


1 739 920 2 487 322 2 669 732 4 535 712 4 216 885 4 040 636 3 895 857

0.69

1.20 1.06

1.36 1.17

0.94

1.29

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Sub-Saharan Africa: fish share in total import value



2 542 914 2 963 855 3 080 005 3 592 832 3 941 429 3 721 656 4 734 201

2.53

1.29 1.41

0.86

1.10

1.61 1.81

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Sub-Saharan Africa: fish share in total export value






Northern Africa (2005 – 2017): Contribution of fish to international commodity trade

49


268 962 403 414 733 903

904 267 1 090 735

1 274 946 1 183 983

0.31 0.33

0.48 0.44

0.49

0.58 0.55

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Northern Africa: fish share in total import value



1 286 741 1 626 840 1 761 644 1 727 472

2 086 107 2 228 857 2 526 368

1.56

1.17 1.32

1.19

1.55

2.25 2.38

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Northern Africa: fish share in total export value






Eastern Africa (2005 – 2017): Contribution of fish to international commodity trade

50


302 363 439 350 435 114

629 747 826 232 720 155

919 050

1.00 1.02

0.65

1.00

0.88 0.80

1.36

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Eastern Africa: fish share in total import value



989 095 1 106 477 1 047 059

1 204 136 1 364 791

1 153 647

1 558 123

5.92

4.47

3.61 3.48 3.43

3.94 3.79

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Eastern Africa: fish share in total export value






Western Africa (2005 – 2017): Contribution of fish to international commodity trade

51


1 079 891 1 469 512 1 380 668

2 783 422

2 103 651 2 112 010 1 765 883

1.47

2.86

2.24

2.68

2.22 2.14 2.21

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Western Africa: fish share in total import value



685 936 794 706 825 647 974 018 1 197 948 1 344 164 1 738 462

4.36

1.18

1.54

0.58

0.93

2.89

1.91

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Western Africa: fish share in total export value






Middle Africa (2005 – 2017): Contribution of fish to international commodity trade

52


186 886 327 731

512 776

769 211 844 522 809 416 705 061

1.69

1.18 1.25

1.73

1.49

2.26

2.58

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Middle Africa: fish share in total import value



43 035 45 648 47 602

38 859

72 876

80 223

90 999 0.30

0.10

0.07

0.03

0.06

0.13 0.11

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Middle Africa: fish share in total export value






Southern Africa (2005 – 2017): Contribution of fish to international commodity trade

53


170 208 247 830

336 541 344 932 435 694 392 590

500 423

0.27 0.28

0.43 0.40

0.46 0.46

0.51

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Southern Africa: fish share in total import value



823 916 1 015 848

1 159 376

1 375 451 1 304 771 1 142 320

1 345 062

1.57

1.35

1.81

1.18 1.20 1.28 1.29

2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017

Southern Africa: fish share in total export value






Fish export

54

Africa (2000–2017): Status and trends of fish export quantity

55


Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Includes all aquatic commodities recorded in the data source.

Status and trend of aquatic products export (volume)

Country/areaAquatic products exports quantity (tonnes)

Annual growth (%)2000 2017

World 26 135 487 40 138 349 2.6

Africa 1 430 091 2 916 789 4.3

Sub-Saharan Africa 1 081 649 2 134 567 4.1

Eastern Africa 176 638 412 898 5.1

Middle Africa 9 795 26 636 6.1

Southern Africa 575 287 651 151 0.7

Western Africa 319 313 1 042 198 7.2

Northern Africa 349 058 783 906 4.9

Top 10 largest exporters of aquatic products in Africa (ranked by 2017 export tonnage)

Morocco 330 744 717 141 4.7

Mauritania 86 425 643 824 12.5

Namibia 411 198 467 298 0.8

Senegal 88 033 239 055 6.1

South Africa 162 359 182 775 0.7

Seychelles 48 427 147 925 6.8

Mauritius 18 160 146 999 13.1

Ghana 54 742 72 150 1.6

United Republic of Tanzania 49 843 48 779 -0.1

Egypt 1 016 37 192 23.6



Africa (2000–2017): Status and trends of fish export value

56



Status and trend of aquatic products export value

Country/areaAquatic products export value (USD 000)


World 55 833 945 158 102 263 6.3

Africa 2 739 300 7 259 014 5.9


Eastern Africa 466 463 1 558 123 7.4

Middle Africa 28 837 90 999 7.0

Southern Africa 559 101 1 345 062 5.3

Western Africa 601 107 1 738 462 6.4

Northern Africa 1 083 792 2 526 368 5.1

Top 10 largest exporters of aquatic products in Africa (ranked by 2017 export value)

Morocco 976 427 2 268 179 5.1

Mauritania 87 190 828 183 14.2

Namibia 283 931 739 738 5.8

South Africa 272 550 601 300 4.8

Seychelles 113 465 524 692 9.4

Mauritius 36 659 450 648 15.9

Senegal 260 373 408 330 2.7

Ghana 78 472 209 776 6.0

United Republic of Tanzania 99 012 187 368 3.8

Madagascar 38 075 177 070 9.5



Africa (export value; 2000 versus 2017):

Aquatic commodities export increased from USD 2.7 billion in 2000 to USD 7.3 billion in 2017.

The share of marine fishes in the aquatic commodities export increased from 51.3 percent to 66 percent.

57


Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Includes all aquatic commodities recorded in the data source. Species groups less than 0.1 percent of the total value not labelled in the charts.

Finfish70.2%

Shellfish29.0%

Others0.8%

Marine fishes66.0%

Freshwater fishes3.1%

Diadromous fishes1.1%

Crustaceans8.2%

Molluscs20.8%

Miscellaneous aquatic animal

products0.1%

Aquatic plants0.7%

Africa (2017)

Aquatic products

export value:7 259 014

thousand USD

Finfish77.9%

Shellfish21.9%

Others0.2%

Marine fishes72.3%



Crustaceans8.4%

Molluscs13.5%

Aquatic plants0.2%

Africa (2000)

Aquatic products

export value : 2 739 300

thousand USD



Africa versus world (export value, 2017):

The USD 7.3 billion of total export of aquatic products in 2017 was around 5 percent of the world total.

The share of marine fishes (66 percent) higher than the world average.

The share of molluscs (20.8 percent) higher than the world average.

58


Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Includes all aquatic commodities recorded in the data source. Species groups less than 0.1 percent of the total value not labelled in the charts.

Finfish63.8%

Shellfish34.7%

Others1.5%

Marine fishes41.8%



Crustaceans23.9%

Molluscs10.8%

Miscellaneous aquatic animals

0.6%


products0.1%

Aquatic plants0.7%

World (2017)

Aquatic products

export value: 158 102 263

thousand USD

Finfish70.2%

Shellfish29.0%

Others0.8%

Marine fishes66.0%



Crustaceans8.2%

Molluscs20.8%


products0.1%

Aquatic plants0.7%

Africa (2017)

Aquatic products

export value:7 259 014

thousand USD



LAC sub-regions (2017): The species composition of aquatic commodities export varied across the three LAC sub-regions.

59Dat

a so

urce

: FA

O. 2

019

. Fi

sher

y an

d A

qu

acu

ltu

re S

tati

stic

s. G

lob

al f

ish

erie

s co

mm

od

itie

s p

rod

uct

ion

an

d t

rad

e 19

76–

20

17 (

Fish

Sta

tJ) (

ww

w.f

ao.o

rg/f

ish

ery/

stat

isti

cs/s

oft

war

e/fi

shst

atj/

en).

N

otes

: Co

nst

ruct

ed b

y th

e FA

O W

AP

I Fis

h T

rad

e M

od

ule

; see

Tem

pla

tes

45-

47

in t

he

WA

PI p

roto

typ

e fo

r ex

amp

les

(ww

w.f

ao.o

rg/f

ish

ery/

stat

isti

cs/s

oft

war

e/w

api/e

n).

Incl

ud

es a

ll aq

uat

ic c

om

mo

dit

ies

reco

rded

in t

he

dat

a so

urc

e.

Sp

ecie

s g

rou

ps

less

th

an 0

.1 p

erce

nt

of

the

tota

l val

ue

no

t la

bel

led

in t

he

char

ts.

Finfish77.9%

Shellfish21.9%

Marine fishes72.3%



Crustaceans8.4%

Molluscs13.5%

Aquatic plants0.2%


Aquatic products export

value:4 734 201

thousand USD

Finfish87.2%

Shellfish12.3%

Marine fishes74.7%



Crustaceans11.1%

Molluscs1.2%

Aquatic plants0.4%



value: 1 558 123

thousand USDFinfish67.1%

Shellfish32.9%

Marine fishes66.5%Freshwater

fishes0.3%


Crustaceans6.2%

Molluscs26.7%



value:1 738 462

thousand USD

Finfish55.8%

Shellfish42.2%

Others2.0%

Marine fishes54.2%



Crustaceans7.7%

Molluscs34.5%

Miscellaneous aquatic animals0.1%


products0.3%

Aquatic plants1.7%



value: 2 526 368

thousand USDFinfish69.2%

Shellfish30.8%

Marine fishes24.9%



Crustaceans28.5%

Molluscs2.2%


0.1%



value : 90 999

thousand USD

Finfish81.5%

Shellfish18.3%

Marine fishes80.2%



Crustaceans6.8%

Molluscs11.5%

Aquatic plants0.2%


Aquatic products exports

value: 1 345 062

thousand USD



Africa (2017): Major species groups in aquatic products export

60


Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Includes all aquatic commodities recorded in the data source. FOB = Free on board; ISSCAAP = International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants.

Africa’s aquatic product export in 2017Top 10 export species groups in terms of quantity Top 10 export species groups in terms of value

ISSCAAP groups

Product

weight

(tonnes)

Share of

Africa's total

export of all

aquatic

commodities

(%)

Share of

world

export of

the same

species

group (%)

ISSCAAP groupsFOB value

(USD 1 000)

Share of

Africa's total

export of all

aquatic

commodities

(%)

Share of

world

export of

the same

species

group (%)

1. Marine fishes not identified 997 831 34.21 11.33 1. Squids, cuttlefishes, octopuses 1 432 228 19.73 13.05

2. Miscellaneous pelagic fishes 558 242 19.14 14.21 2. Tunas, bonitos, billfishes 1 374 757 18.94 9.79

3. Herrings, sardines, anchovies 451 057 15.46 14.49 3. Marine fishes not identified 1 357 071 18.69 6.82

4. Tunas, bonitos, billfishes 358 353 12.29 9.54 4. Herrings, sardines, anchovies 899 054 12.39 20.70

5. Squids, cuttlefishes, octopuses 189 114 6.48 8.31 5. Cods, hakes, haddocks 474 162 6.53 3.25

6. Cods, hakes, haddocks 120 861 4.14 2.36 6. Miscellaneous pelagic fishes 473 439 6.52 8.50

7. Shrimps, prawns 41 977 1.44 1.30 7. Shrimps, prawns 429 647 5.92 1.57

8. Miscellaneous freshwater fishes 40 367 1.38 3.78 8. Miscellaneous freshwater fishes 202 788 2.79 5.85

9. Flounders, halibuts, soles 36 133 1.24 4.74 9. Lobsters, spiny-rock lobsters 106 496 1.47 2.42

10. Miscellaneous demersal fishes 30 863 1.06 5.70 10. Miscellaneous demersal fishes 86 712 1.19 4.56

Others 91 991 3.15 Others 422 660 5.82

Aquatic products 2 916 789 100.00 7.27 Aquatic products 7 259 014 100.00 4.59



Africa (2017): Top 10 commodities in fish export (in terms of quantity).

61


Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI Prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Includes all aquatic commodities recorded in the data source. Nei = not elsewhere included.

421 800

368 740

331 131

207 022

186 743

154 229

111 298

104 763

67 460

61 611

901 992

1. Fish, frozen, nei

2. Fishmeals, nei

3. Jack and horse mackerel, frozen

4. Mackerels nei, frozen

5. European sardine, frozen

6. European sardine, prepared or preserved, not minced, nei

7. Octopus, frozen

8. Tunas prepared or preserved, not minced, nei

9. Fish body oils, nei

10. Skipjack tuna, frozen

Other species

ton

nes

Africa's top-10 fish export products (2017; in terms of quantity)

14.5%

12.6%

11.4%

7.1%6.4%5.3%

3.8%3.6%

2.3%

2.1%

30.9%



Africa (2017): Top 10 commodities in fish export (in terms of value).

62



974 469

587 384

481 684

419 407

388 488

262 580

236 191

226 101

187 032

167 408 3 328 270

1. Octopus, frozen


3. European sardine, prepared or preserved, not minced, nei

4. Fishmeals, nei


6. Hake nei fillets, frozen


8. Shrimps and prawns, other than coldwater, even smoked, frozen

9. Cuttlefishes, frozen

10. European sardine, frozen

Other species

tho

usa

nd

US

D

Africa's top-10 fish export products (2017; in terms of value)

13.4%8.1%

6.6%

5.8%

5.4%

3.6%3.3%3.1%2.6%2.3%

45.9%



Fish import

63

Africa (2000–2017): Status and trends of fish import quantity

64



Status and trend of aquatic products import volume

Country/areaAquatic products import quantity (tonnes)


World 26 502 111 38 681 948 2.2

Africa 1 582 539 3 655 143 5.0


Eastern Africa 113 830 548 506 9.7

Middle Africa 176 870 527 305 6.6


Western Africa 802 123 1 745 462 4.7

Northern Africa 301 212 583 352 4.0

Top 10 largest importers of aquatic products in Africa (ranked by import tonnage in 2017)

Côte d'Ivoire 235 771 502 446 4.6

Nigeria 318 873 485 434 2.5

Egypt 261 154 400 566 2.5

Ghana 171 361 361 309 4.5

South Africa 44 221 214 601 9.7

Mauritius 44 496 188 408 8.9

Cameroon 82 300 188 030 5.0

Angola 8 014 135 884 18.1

Democratic Republic of the Congo 61 584 133 408 4.7

Zambia 2 068 122 001 27.1



Africa (2000–2017): Status and trends of fish import value

65



Status and trend of aquatic products import value

Country/areaAquatic products import value (USD 000)


World 61 012 631 148 605 591 5.4

Africa 958 107 5 074 400 10.3

Sub-Saharan Africa 743 824 3 895 857 10.2

Eastern Africa 89 257 919 050 14.7

Middle Africa 103 820 705 061 11.9


Western Africa 435 938 1 765 883 8.6

Northern Africa 215 138 1 183 983 10.6

Top 10 largest importers of aquatic products in Africa (ranked by import value in 2017)

Nigeria 188 485 780 362 8.7

Egypt 171 061 633 817 8.0

Côte d'Ivoire 132 147 462 674 7.6

South Africa 60 296 427 851 12.2

Mauritius 41 885 389 894 14.0

Ghana 83 646 278 177 7.3

Angola 16 336 219 331 16.5

Cameroon 27 740 206 324 12.5

Morocco 9 871 177 308 18.5

Libya 9 100 173 488 18.9



Africa (fish import; 2000 versus 2017):

Aquatic commodities import increased from less than USD 1 billion in 2000 to over USD 5 billion in 2017.

The share of shellfish in Africa’s aquatic commodities import increased from 4.8 percent to 6.9 percent.

The share of freshwater fishes in Africa’s aquatic commodities import increased from 0.1 percent to 3.3 percent.

66



Finfish92.9%

Shellfish6.9%

Others0.2%

Marine fishes86.6%



Crustaceans4.8%

Molluscs2.1%


0.1%Aquatic plants

0.1%

Africa (2017)

Aquatic products

import value: 5 074 400

thousand USD

Finfish94.9%

Shellfish4.8%

Others0.3%

Marine fishes93.1%



Crustaceans3.0%

Molluscs1.8% Aquatic plants

0.3%

Africa (2000)

Aquatic products

import value: 958 107

thousand USD



Africa versus world (fish import, 2017):

Africa imported USD 5 billion aquatic commodities in 2017, which was 3.2 percent of the world total.

The 6.9 percent shellfish share in Africa’s aquatic commodities import value was much less than the world average.

The 2.9 percent share of diadromous fishes was much lower than the world average.

The 86.6 percent share of marine fishes was much higher than the world average.

67



Finfish66.9%

Shellfish31.3%

Others1.8%

Marine fishes45.0%



Crustaceans21.5%

Molluscs9.8%


0.7%

Aquatic plants1.0%

World (2017)

Aquatic products


thousand USD

Finfish92.9%

Shellfish6.9%

Others0.2%

Marine fishes86.6%



Crustaceans4.8%

Molluscs2.1%


0.1%Aquatic plants

0.1%

Africa (2017)

Aquatic products


thousand USD



68Dat

a so

urce

: FA

O. 2

019

. Fi

sher

y an

d A

qu

acu

ltu

re S

tati

stic

s. G

lob

al f

ish

erie

s co

mm

od

itie

s p

rod

uct

ion

an

d t

rad

e 19

76–

20

17 (

Fish

Sta

tJ) (

ww

w.f

ao.o

rg/f

ish

ery/

stat

isti

cs/s

oft

war

e/fi

shst

atj/

en).

N

otes

: Co

nst

ruct

ed b

y th

e FA

O W

AP

I Fis

h T

rad

e M

od

ule

; see

Tem

pla

tes

45-

47

in t

he

WA

PI p

roto

typ

e fo

r ex

amp

les

(ww

w.f

ao.o

rg/f

ish

ery/

stat

isti

cs/s

oft

war

e/w

api/e

n).

Incl

ud

es a

ll aq

uat

ic c

om

mo

dit

ies

reco

rded

in t

he

dat

a so

urc

e.

Sp

ecie

s g

rou

ps

less

th

an 0

.1 p

erce

nt

of

the

tota

l val

ue

no

t la

bel

led

in t

he

char

ts.

Finfish95.9%

Shellfish3.9%

Marine fishes88.8%



Crustaceans2.5%

Molluscs1.5%


0.1%

Aquatic plants0.1%


Aquatic products

import value: 3 895 857 thousand

USD

Finfish96.6%

Shellfish3.3%

Marine fishes92.8%



Crustaceans2.3%

Molluscs1.0%

Miscellaneous aquatic animal products

0.1%

Aquatic plants0.1%


Aquatic products


thousand USD

Finfish99.4%

Shellfish0.5%

Marine fishes92.1%



Crustaceans0.3%

Molluscs0.2%


0.2%


Aquatic products


Finfish83.0%

Shellfish16.6%

Marine fishes79.5%



Crustaceans12.5%

Molluscs4.1%


0.1%

Aquatic plants0.3%


Aquatic products


USD

Finfish98.5%

Shellfish1.4%

Marine fishes89.4%



Crustaceans0.9%

Molluscs0.6%


Aquatic products


thousand USD

Finfish78.5%

Shellfish20.9%

Marine fishes68.8%



Crustaceans12.6%

Molluscs8.3%


products0.1%

Aquatic plants0.5%


Aquatic products


thousand USD



Africa (2017): Major species groups in aquatic products import

69


Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Fish Trade Module; see Templates 45-47 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Includes all aquatic commodities recorded in the data source. FOB = Free on board; ISSCAAP = International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants.

Africa’s aquatic product import in 2017

Top 10 import species groups in terms of quantity Top 10 import species groups in terms of value

ISSCAAP groups

Product

weight

(tonnes)

Share of

Africa's total

import of all

aquatic

commodities

(%)

Share of

world

import of

the same

species

group (%)

ISSCAAP groupsFOB value

(USD 1 000)

Share of

Africa's total

import of all

aquatic

commoditie

s (%)

Share of

world import

of the same

species group

(%)

1. Miscellaneous pelagic fishes 1 366 798 37.39 34.79 1. Miscellaneous pelagic fishes 1 466 360 28.90 26.31

2. Herrings, sardines, anchovies 628 419 17.19 20.19 2. Tunas, bonitos, billfishes 876 913 17.28 6.25

3. Marine fishes not identified 549 674 15.04 6.24 3. Marine fishes not identified 827 804 16.31 4.16

4. Tunas, bonitos, billfishes 396 006 10.83 10.55 4. Herrings, sardines, anchovies 675 181 13.31 15.55

5. Cods, hakes, haddocks 337 925 9.25 6.61 5. Cods, hakes, haddocks 472 313 9.31 3.24

6. Salmons, trouts, smelts 107 031 2.93 3.00 6. Shrimps, prawns 225 447 4.44 0.83

7. Tilapias and other cichlids 94 953 2.60 18.48 7. Salmons, trouts, smelts 148 523 2.93 0.53

8. Shrimps, prawns 43 405 1.19 1.35 8. Tilapias and other cichlids 119 221 2.35 7.20

9. Flounders, halibuts, soles 36 463 1.00 4.78 9. Squids, cuttlefishes, octopuses 90 774 1.79 0.83

10. Squids, cuttlefishes, octopuses 30 694 0.84 1.35 10. Miscellaneous freshwater fishes 47 456 0.94 1.37

Others 63 775 1.74 Others 124 408 2.45

Aquatic products 3 655 143 100.00 9.11 Aquatic products 5 074 400 100.00 3.21



Africa (2017): Top 10 commodities in fish import (in terms of quantity).

70



634 494

577 660

356 147

302 012

180 076

137 277

117 165

112 534

94 881

93 487

1 049 410




4. Sardines, sardinellas, brisling or sprats, frozen

5. Herrings nei, frozen

6. Tunas nei, frozen

7. Atlantic mackerel, frozen

8. Blue whitings (Micromesistius poutassou, Micromesistius australis), frozen


10. Gadiformes nei, frozen

Other species

ton

nes

Africa's top-10 fish import products (2017; in terms of quantity)

17.4%

15.8%

9.7%

8.3%4.9%

3.8%

3.2%

3.1%

2.6%

2.6%

28.7%



Africa (2017): Top 10 commodities in fish import (in terms of value).

71



711 748

578 559

422 537

231 240

211 409

184 870

175 244

166 817

150 804

116 586

2 124 586




4. Sardines, sardinellas, brisling or sprats, frozen

5. Tunas nei, frozen

6. Herrings nei, frozen



9. Shrimps and prawns, other than coldwater, even smoked, frozen

10. Atlantic mackerel, frozen

Other species

tho

usa

nd

US

D

Africa's top-10 fish import products (2017; in terms of value)

14.0%

11.4%

8.3%

4.6%

4.2%

3.6%3.5%3.3%3.0%2.3%

41.9%




72

Africa (1950–2017) : Status and trend of total fishery production

73

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Total Fishery Production Module; see Figure 5.1 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage.

1950, 1 131 893

1960, 2 277 270

1970, 3 752 626 1980, 3 696 267

1990, 5 188 626

2000, 7 261 486

2010, 9 239 506

2017, 11 948 317

0

2 000 000

4 000 000

6 000 000

8 000 000

10 000 000

12 000 000

14 000 000

ton

nes

Status and trend of aquaculture and fisheries production in Africa (1950-2017)

Capture (Africa) Aquaculture (Africa) Total (Africa)




Total fishery production increased from 7.3 million tonnes in 2000 to 11.9 million tonnes in 2017.

The share of freshwater fishes increased from 32.8 percent to 39 percent.

The share of marine fishes declined from 60.9 percent to 55.8 percent.

74

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Total Fishery Production Module; see Figure 1.5 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. Species accounting for less than 0.1 percent of total production not labelled in the charts.

Finfish94.9%

Shellfish3.8%

Marine fishes55.8%



Crustaceans1.9%

Molluscs1.9%

Aquatic plants1.3%

Africa (2017)

Total fisheryproduction

(2017):11 948 317

tonnes

Finfish93.8%

Shellfish4.9%

Marine fishes60.9%



Crustaceans1.9%


1.3%

Africa (2000)


(2000): 7 261 486

tonnes




The 11.948 million tonnes of total fishery production was around 6 percent of the world total.

The 55.8 percent of marine fishes share was greater than the world average (33.8 percent).

The 3.8 percent of crustaceans share was much lower than the world average (19 percent).

75

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Total Fishery Production Module; see Figure 1.5 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. Species accounting for less than 0.1 percent of total production not labelled in the charts.

Finfish64.4%

Shellfish19.0%

Other species16.7%

Marine fishes33.8%



Crustaceans7.4%

Molluscs11.5%


0.7%

Aquatic plants16.0%

World (2017)


(2017):205 580 364

tonnes

Finfish94.9%

Shellfish3.8%

Marine fishes55.8%



Crustaceans1.9%

Molluscs1.9%

Aquatic plants1.3%

Africa (2017)


(2017):11 948 317

tonnes



76

Dat

a so

urce

: FA

O G

lob

al F

ish

ery

an

d A

qu

acu

ltu

re P

rod

uct

ion

Sta

tist

ics

v20

19.1

.0, p

ub

lish

ed

th

rou

gh

Fi

shS

tatJ

(M

arch

20

19; w

ww

.fao

.org

/fis

he

ry/s

tati

stic

s/so

ftw

are/

fish

stat

j/en

).

Not

es:

Co

nst

ruct

ed b

y th

e F

AO

WA

PI T

ota

l Fis

he

ry P

rod

uct

ion

Mo

du

le;

see

Fig

ure

1.5

in t

he

FA

O W

AP

I A

qu

acu

ltu

re P

rod

uct

ion

Mo

du

le (

WA

PI-

AQ

PR

N v

.20

18.1

) fo

r a

sim

ilar

exam

ple

(w

ww

.fao

.org

/fis

her

y/st

atis

tics

/so

ftw

are/

wap

i/en

). P

rod

uct

ion

co

vers

all

spec

ies

mea

sure

d in

to

nn

age.

S

pec

ies

acco

un

tin

g f

or

less

th

an 0

.1 p

erce

nt

of

tota

l pro

du

ctio

n n

ot

lab

elle

d in

th

e ch

arts

.

Finfish94.7%

Shellfish3.6%

Marine fishes55.9%



Crustaceans2.2%


1.7%



(2017): 8 479 056

tonnes

Finfish91.0%

Shellfish3.3%

Other species

5.8%

Marine fishes25.5%


Crustaceans2.4%

Molluscs0.8%


0.1%Aquatic plants

5.7%



(2017): 2 421 543

tonnes

Finfish95.5%

Shellfish4.5%

Marine fishes63.7%



Crustaceans2.2%

Molluscs2.4%



(2017): 3 706 617

tonnes

Finfish95.4%

Shellfish4.4%

Marine fishes54.8%


Crustaceans1.1%

Molluscs3.3%

Aquatic plants0.2%



(2017):3 516 651

tonnes

Finfish98.2%

Shellfish1.0%

Marine fishes97.6%



Crustaceans0.5%


0.7%



(2017): 1 039 841

tonnes

Finfish96.6%

Shellfish3.4%

Marine fishes58.8%


Crustaceans3.1%

Molluscs0.3%



(2017):1 263 664

tonnes



Capture fisheries production

77

Africa (2000 versus 2017): Most of the top 10 largest capture fisheries countries in Africa increased their capture fisheries production between 2000 and 2017; three exceptions include South Africa, Namibia and Ghana.

78

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 3.3 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage.

914 824

441 377

114 456

664 267

239 351

590 674

436 005

219 356

327 264

452 077

1 384 367

916 284

794 580

529 896

507 075

501 308

497 663

389 629

389 026

381 904

0 200 000 400 000 600 000 800 000 1 000 000 1 200 000 1 400 000 1 600 000

Morocco

Nigeria

Mauritania

South Africa

Angola

Namibia

Senegal

Uganda

Tanzania (mainland)

Ghana

ton

nes

Top 10 countries/territories with the highest capture fisheries production, 2017

2000 2017



Africa (2000 versus 2017): Capture fisheries production increased from 6.8 million tonnes in 2000 to 9.7 million tonnes in 2017 with a slight decline in the share of inland fisheries (from 31.3 percent to 30.6 percent).

79

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 1.5 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. Marine areas including coastal areas.

Marine areas69.4%

Inland waters30.6%


Marine fishes64.7%

Crustaceans2.1%

Molluscs2.3%

Aquatic plants0.2%

Crustaceans0.2%

Marine fishes0.4%


Africa (2017)

Capture production

(2017): 9 734 174

tonnesMarine areas68.7%

Inland waters31.3%


Marine fishes62.9%

Crustaceans1.8%

Molluscs3.2%

Aquatic plants0.6%

Crustaceans0.2%

Marine fishes0.5%


Africa (2000)

Capture production

(2000): 6 810 216

tonnes




Africa’s 9.7 million tonnes of capture fisheries production in 2017 was around 10 percent of the world total.

Inland fisheries accounted for 30.6 percent of Africa’s capture fisheries production in 2017; the share was much higher than the world average.

80

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 1.5 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. Marine areas including coastal areas.

Marine areas87.3%

Inland waters12.7%


Marine fishes70.8%

Crustaceans6.7%

Molluscs6.4%

Aquatic plants1.2%


World (2017)

Capture production

(2017): 93 633 741

tonnesMarine areas69.4%

Inland waters30.6%


Marine fishes64.7%

Crustaceans2.1%

Molluscs2.3%

Aquatic plants0.2%

Crustaceans0.2%

Marine fishes0.4%


Africa (2017)

Capture production

(2017): 9 734 174

tonnes



81Dat

a so

urce

: FA

O G

lob

al F

ish

ery

an

d A

qu

acu

ltu

re P

rod

uct

ion

Sta

tist

ics

v20

19.1

.0, p

ub

lish

ed

th

rou

gh

Fi

shS

tatJ

(M

arch

20

19; w

ww

.fao

.org

/fis

he

ry/s

tati

stic

s/so

ftw

are/

fish

stat

j/en

).

Not

es:

Co

nst

ruct

ed b

y th

e F

AO

WA

PI T

ota

l Fis

he

ry P

rod

uct

ion

Mo

du

le;

see

Fig

ure

1.5

in t

he

FA

O W

AP

I A

qu

acu

ltu

re P

rod

uct

ion

Mo

du

le (

WA

PI-

AQ

PR

N v

.20

18.1

) fo

r a

sim

ilar

exam

ple

(w

ww

.fao

.org

/fis

her

y/st

atis

tics

/so

ftw

are/

wap

i/en

). P

rod

uct

ion

co

vers

all

spec

ies

mea

sure

d in

to

nn

age.

S

pec

ies

acco

un

tin

g f

or

less

th

an 0

.1 p

erce

nt

of

tota

l pro

du

ctio

n n

ot

lab

elle

d in

th

e ch

arts

.

Marine areas65.2%

Inland waters34.8%


Marine fishes61.2%

Crustaceans2.2%

Molluscs1.5%

Aquatic plants0.1%

Crustaceans0.1%



Capture production

(2017): 7 741 388

tonnes

Marine areas33.3%

Inland waters66.7%

Marine fishes29.6%

Crustaceans2.6%

Molluscs1.0%


0.1%


products0.1%

Aquatic plants0.1%



Capture production

(2017): 2 077 871

tonnes

Marine areas75.9%

Inland waters24.1%



Marine fishes70.7%

Crustaceans2.2%

Molluscs2.6%

Crustaceans0.2%



Capture production

(2017): 3337395

Marine areas84.6%

Inland waters15.4%

Marine fishes77.2%

Crustaceans1.5%

Molluscs5.6%

Aquatic plants0.3%

Molluscs0.1%

Crustaceans0.5%

Marine fishes1.8%



Capture production

(2017): 2 031 176

tonnesMarine areas

62.7%

Inland waters37.3%

Marine fishes59.2%

Crustaceans3.1%

Molluscs0.3%



Capture production

(2017): 1 255 953

tonnes

Marine areas99.6%

Inland waters0.4%

Marine fishes98.3%

Crustaceans0.5%

Molluscs0.2%

Aquatic plants0.6%



Capture production

(2017): 1 031 779

tonnes




Africa’s capture fisheries production increased from 6.8 million tonnes in 2000 to 9.7 million tonnes in 2017 with relatively stable species composition.

82


Finfish95.2%

Shellfish4.6%

Marine fishes65.1%



Crustaceans2.2%


0.2%

Africa (2017)

Capture production

(2017): 9 734 174

tonnes

Finfish94.2%

Shellfish5.1%

Marine fishes63.4%



Crustaceans1.9%


0.6%

Africa (2000)

Capture production

(2000): 6 810 216

tonnes




Africa’s 9.7 million tonnes of capture fisheries production in 2017 was around 10 percent of the world total.

The 30 percent of freshwater fishes share was greater than the world average.

The 4.6 percent of shellfish share was less than the world average.

83

Finfish84.3%

Shellfish14.0%

Other species

1.7%

Marine fishes70.9%



Crustaceans7.3%

Molluscs6.8%

Aquatic plants1.2%

World (2017)

Capture production

(2017): 93 633 741

tonnes


Finfish95.2%

Shellfish4.6%

Marine fishes65.1%



Crustaceans2.2%


0.2%

Africa (2017)

Capture production

(2017): 9 734 174

tonnes



84Dat

a so

urce

: FA

O G

lob

al F

ish

ery

an

d A

qu

acu

ltu

re P

rod

uct

ion

Sta

tist

ics

v20

19.1

.0, p

ub

lish

ed

th

rou

gh

Fi

shS

tatJ

(M

arch

20

19; w

ww

.fao

.org

/fis

he

ry/s

tati

stic

s/so

ftw

are/

fish

stat

j/en

).

Not

es:

Co

nst

ruct

ed b

y th

e F

AO

WA

PI T

ota

l Fis

he

ry P

rod

uct

ion

Mo

du

le;

see

Fig

ure

1.5

in t

he

FA

O W

AP

I A

qu

acu

ltu

re P

rod

uct

ion

Mo

du

le (

WA

PI-

AQ

PR

N v

.20

18.1

) fo

r a

sim

ilar

exam

ple

(w

ww

.fao

.org

/fis

her

y/st

atis

tics

/so

ftw

are/

wap

i/en

). P

rod

uct

ion

co

vers

all

spec

ies

mea

sure

d in

to

nn

age.

S

pec

ies

acco

un

tin

g f

or

less

th

an 0

.1 p

erce

nt

of

tota

l pro

du

ctio

n n

ot

lab

elle

d in

th

e ch

arts

.

Finfish96.1%

Shellfish3.8%

Marine fishes61.2%



Crustaceans2.3%


0.1%


Capture production

(2017): 7 741 388

tonnes

Finfish96.3%

Shellfish3.5%

Marine fishes29.6%


Crustaceans2.6%

Molluscs1.0%


0.1%


products0.1%

Aquatic plants0.1%


Capture production

(2017): 2 077 871

tonnes

Finfish95.0%

Shellfish5.0%

Marine fishes70.8%



Crustaceans2.4%

Molluscs2.6%


Capture production

(2017): 3 337 395

tonnes

Finfish92.1%

Shellfish7.6%

Marine fishes79.0%


Crustaceans2.0%

Molluscs5.6%

Aquatic plants0.3%


Capture production

(2017): 2 031 176

tonnes

Finfish96.5%

Shellfish3.5%

Marine fishes59.2%


Crustaceans3.1%

Molluscs0.3%


Capture production

(2017): 1 255 953

tonnes

Finfish98.7%

Shellfish0.7%

Marine fishes98.3%


Crustaceans0.5%


0.6%


Capture production

(2017): 1 031 779

tonnes



Africa (2017): The top 10 ISSCAAP groups in capture fisheries production in terms of quantity.

85

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 1.2 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). ISSCAAP = International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants; more information about ISSCAAP groups can be found at www.fao.org/tempref/FI/DOCUMENT/cwp/handbook/annex/AnnexS2listISSCAAP2000.pdf.

2 949 766

1 865 307

924 506

786 913

632 063

535 634

516 702

445 593

320 789

191 821

565 080

1. Herrings, sardines, anchovies

2. Miscellaneous freshwater fishes

3. Miscellaneous pelagic fishes

4. Miscellaneous coastal fishes

5. Marine fishes not identified

6. Carps, barbels and other cyprinids

7. Tilapias and other cichlids

8. Tunas, bonitos, billfishes

9. Cods, hakes, haddocks

10. Squids, cuttlefishes, octopuses

Others

ton

nes

Top-10 ISSCAAP groups in Africa's capture fisheries production, 2017

30.3%

19.2%9.5%

8.1%

6.5%

5.5%

5.3%

4.6%3.3% 2.0%

5.8%



http://www.fao.org/tempref/FI/DOCUMENT/cwp/handbook/annex/AnnexS2listISSCAAP2000.pdf

Africa (2017): The top 10 ASFIS species items in capture fisheries production in terms of quantity.

86

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Capture Fisheries Production Module; see Figure 1.2 in the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1) for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). ASFIS = Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System; more information about ASFIS species items can be found at www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en. Nei = not elsewhere included.

1 149 243

1 024 541

650 277

632 063

359 600

355 882

288 795

278 113

218 700

216 703

4 560 257

1. European pilchard(=Sardine)

2. Freshwater fishes nei

3. Sardinellas nei

4. Marine fishes nei

5. Bonga shad

6. Cape horse mackerel

7. Cape hakes

8. Silver cyprinid

9. Tilapias nei

10. Round sardinella

Other species

ton

nes

Top-10 ASFIS species items in Africa's capture fisheries production, 2017

11.8%

10.5%

6.7%

6.5%

3.7%3.7%

3.0%2.9%2.2%2.2%

46.8%



http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en


87

Africa (aquaculture production tonnage, 2000–2017): Aquaculture production tonnage grew 9.81 percent a year during 2000–2017, faster than the world average (5.79 percent).

88

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN); see Figure 2.1 in WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1 for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage.

Status and trends of aquaculture production, 2000-2017

Country/areaAquaculture production quantity (tonnes)


World 43 014 088 111 946 623 5.79

Africa 451 270 2 214 143 9.81

Sub-Saharan Africa 107 344 737 668 12.01

Eastern Africa 68 357 343 672 9.97

Middle Africa 2 875 7 711 5.98


Western Africa 32 146 369 222 15.44

Northern Africa 344 926 1 485 475 8.97

Top 10 aquaculture countries/territories (by quantity) in Africa, 2017

Egypt 340 093 1 451 841 8.91

Nigeria 25 718 296 191 15.46

Uganda 820 112 344 33.56

Zanzibar 49 910 109 813 4.75

Ghana 5 000 57 415 15.44

Zambia 4 240 30 300 12.26

Madagascar 7 980 28 335 7.74

Tunisia 1 553 21 930 16.85

Tanzania (mainland) 1 210 19 602 17.80

Kenya 512 12 760 20.82



Africa (aquaculture production value, 2000–2017): Aquaculture production (farmgate) value grew 7.28 percent a year during 2000–2017, lower than the world average (9.58 percent).

89

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN); see Figure 2.1 in WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1 for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage.

Status and trends of aquaculture production value, 2000-2017

Country/areaAquaculture production value (USD 000)


World 52 711 757 249 579 163 9.58

Africa 968 638 3 197 910 7.28

Sub-Saharan Africa 140 339 1 715 576 15.87

Eastern Africa 49 256 609 020 15.94

Middle Africa 6 607 32 609 9.85


Western Africa 67 855 950 485 16.80

Northern Africa 829 799 1 547 795 3.74

Top 10 aquaculture countries/territories (by value) in Africa, 2017

Egypt 815 046 1 376 605 3.13

Nigeria 56 630 848 677 17.26

Uganda 820 259 121 40.29

Tunisia 7 107 94 830 16.46

Madagascar 27 815 84 192 6.73

Zambia 6 996 79 574 15.38

Sudan n.a. 65 461 n.a.

Ghana 9 404 52 792 10.68

Malawi 596 47 316 29.35

South Africa 14 833 44 147 6.63




Africa (2000 versus 2017): Status and trends of aquaculture production in major aquaculture countries/territories.

90

340 093

25 718

820

49 910

5 000

4 240

7 980

1 553

1 210

512

1 451 841

296 191

112 344

109 813

57 415

30 300

28 335

21 930

19 602

12 760

Egypt

Nigeria

Uganda

Zanzibar

Ghana

Zambia

Madagascar

Tunisia

Tanzania(mainland)

Kenya

tonnes

Top 10 countries/territories in Africa with the highest aquaculture production quantity (tonnes), 2017

2000 2017

815 046

56 630

820

7 107

27 815

6 996

9 404

596

14 833

1 376 605

848 677

259 121

94 830

84 192

79 574

65 461

52 792

47 316

44 147

Egypt

Nigeria

Uganda

Tunisia

Madagascar

Zambia

Sudan

Ghana

Malawi

South Africa

USD 1 000

Top 10 countries/territories with the highest aquaculture production value (farmgate, USD 000), 2017

2000 2017



Africa (2017): Top 10 aquaculture countries accounted for 96.7 percent of Africa’s aquaculture production tonnage in 2017.

91


1 451 841

296 191

112 344

109 813

57 415

30 300

28 335

21 930

19 602

12 760

73 612

1. Egypt

2. Nigeria

3. Uganda

4. Zanzibar

5. Ghana

6. Zambia

7. Madagascar

8. Tunisia

9. Tanzania (mainland)

10. Kenya

Others

ton

nes

Top 10 countries/territories in Africa with the highest aquaculture production tonnage, 2017

65.6%

13.4%

5.1%

5.0%

2.6%1.4%

1.3%1.0% 0.9%

0.6%

3.3%



Africa (2017): Top 10 aquaculture countries accounted for 92.3 percent of Africa’s aquaculture production value in 2017.

92


1 376 605

848 677

259 121

94 830

84 192

79 574

65 461

52 792

47 316

44 147

245 195

1. Egypt

2. Nigeria

3. Uganda

4. Tunisia

5. Madagascar

6. Zambia

7. Sudan

8. Ghana

9. Malawi

10. South Africa

Others

tho

usa

nd

US

D

Top 10 countries/territories in Africa with the highest aquaculture production value, 2017

43.0%

26.5%

8.1%

3.0%

2.6% 2.5%

2.0%

1.7%

1.5%

1.4%

7.7%



Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN); see Figure 5.1 in WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1 for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage.

Africa (2000–2017): Aquaculture’s contribution to total fishery production

93

451 489 570 625 638 728 843 917 1 062 1 103 1 424 1 537 1 646 1 739 1 862 1 972 2 125 2 214

6 810 7 168 7 034 7 325 7 560 7 594 7 086 7 236 7 355 7 542 7 815 7 821 8 467 8 403 8 653 8 781 9 289 9 734

6.2 6.47.5 7.9 7.8

8.7

10.611.2

12.6 12.8

15.416.4 16.3

17.117.7

18.3 18.6 18.5

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Africa: aquaculture's share in total fishery production

Aquaculture production (thousand tonnes) Capture fisheries production (thousand tonnes)

Share of aquaculture in total fish production (%)




Sub-Saharan Africa (2000–2017): Aquaculture’s contribution to total fishery production

94

107 143 190 175 162 182 243 275 361 390 496 539 616 627 710 780 736 738

5 253 5 355 5 364 5 691 5 971 5 932 5 526 5 689 5 692 5 705 6 050 6 248 6 697 6 541 6 706 6 825 7 259 7 741

2.02.6

3.43.0

2.63.0

4.24.6

6.06.4

7.67.9

8.48.7

9.6

10.3

9.28.7

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Sub-Saharan Africa: aquaculture's share in total fishery production

Aquaculture production (thousand tonnes) Capture fisheries production (thousand tonnes)

Share of aquaculture in total fish production (%)



Northern Africa (2000–2017): Aquaculture’s contribution to total fishery production

95


345 348 382 451 478 547 601 643 703 715 930 1 000 1 031 1 115 1 154 1 196 1 398 1 485

1 610 1 871 1 727 1 693 1 652 1 721 1 616 1 613 1 731 1 909 1 837 1 644 1 803 1 896 1 980 1 988 2 066 2 031

17.615.7

18.1

21.022.4

24.1

27.128.5 28.9

27.3

33.6

37.836.4 37.0 36.8 37.6

40.442.2

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Northern Africa: aquaculture's share in total fishery production

Aquaculture production (thousand tonnes) Capture fisheries production (thousand tonnes) Share of aquaculture in total fish production (%)



Eastern Africa (2000–2017): Aquaculture’s contribution to total fishery production

96


68 103 141 129 104 111 142 172 197 214 268 279 315 292 333 386 335 344

1 212 1 187 1 162 1 270 1 446 1 513 1 450 1 576 1 487 1 581 1 674 1 720 1 800 1 824 1 834 1 918 1 966 2 078

5.3

8.0

10.9

9.2

6.7 6.8

8.99.8

11.7 11.9

13.8 14.014.9

13.8

15.4

16.8

14.6 14.2

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Eastern Africa: aquaculture's share in total fishery production




Western Africa (2000–2017): Aquaculture’s contribution to total fishery production

97


32 32 39 34 47 60 90 92 152 164 216 247 288 319 361 374 376 369

1 938 1 980 1 912 2 119 2 166 2 192

2 067 2 046

2 203 2 253 2 330 2 491 2 615 2 647 2 620 2 591 2 885

3 337

1.6 1.62.0

1.62.1

2.7

4.2 4.3

6.56.8

8.59.0

9.9

10.8

12.112.6

11.5

10.0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Western Africa: aquaculture's share in total fishery production





Middle Africa (2000–2017): Aquaculture’s contribution to total fishery production

98

3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 6 7 8

795 798 813 763 812 788 812 896 904 897 952 1 006 1 059 1 118 1 164 1 200 1 234 1 256

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.50.5

0.5 0.50.4 0.4 0.5 0.4

0.4 0.4 0.4

0.4

0.5 0.5

0.6

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Middle Africa: aquaculture's share in total fishery production




Southern Africa (2000–2017): Aquaculture’s contribution to total fishery production

99


3.0 3.0 4.2 6.7 6.1 6.1 6.3 6.2 6.1 5.8 6.4 6.3 7.1 8.1 8.9 9.2 9.6 8.1

1 255 1 332

1 420 1 480 1 483

1 380

1 139 1 105 1 029

903 1 023

960

1 190

918

1 055 1 083 1 138

1 032

0.2 0.2

0.3

0.50.4

0.4

0.6 0.60.6

0.60.6

0.7

0.6

0.90.8 0.8 0.8

0.8

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Southern Africa: aquaculture's share in total fishery production




Africa (inland versus marine aquaculture, 2000 and 2017):

Aquaculture production increased from 0.45 million tonnes in 2000 to 2.2 million in 2017.

The share of inland aquaculture increased from 86.8 percent to 92.3 percent.

Marine aquaculture tonnage primarily contributed by aquatic plants.

Inland aquaculture tonnage primarily contributed by freshwater fishes.

100

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN); see Figure 1.5 in WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1 for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Production covers all species measured in tonnage. Species group less than 0.1 percent of total production may not be labelled.

Marine areas7.7%

Inland waters92.3%

Marine fishes1.0%

Crustaceans0.3% Molluscs

0.2%

Aquatic plants6.2%

Marine fishes13.6%



Africa (2017)


(2017): 2 214 143

tonnes

Marine areas13.2%

Inland waters86.8%

Marine fishes0.3% Crustaceans

1.2%Molluscs

0.3%

Aquatic plants11.4%

Marine fishes22.1%



Africa (2000)


(2000):451 270 tonnes



Africa versus world (inland versus marine aquaculture, 2017):

Inland aquaculture accounted for 92.3 percent of Africa’s 2.2 million tonnes of aquaculture production in 2017; the share was much higher than the world pattern.

Species composition in marine aquaculture tonnage much less diversified than the world pattern.

101

Marine areas55.7%

Inland waters44.3%


Marine fishes2.5%

Crustaceans4.7%

Molluscs15.3%

Aquatic plants28.4%

Crustaceans2.8%



World (2017)


(2017): 111 946 623

tonnes


Marine areas7.7%

Inland waters92.3%

Marine fishes1.0%

Crustaceans0.3%

Molluscs0.2%

Aquatic plants6.2%

Marine fishes13.6%



Africa (2017)


(2017): 2 214 143

tonnes



Marine areas20.1%

Inland waters79.9%

Marine fishes0.2%

Crustaceans0.8% Molluscs

0.6%

Aquatic plants18.5%





(2017):737 668 tonnes

Marine areas41.6%

Inland waters58.4%


Marine fishes0.4% Crustaceans

1.7%

Aquatic plants39.4%





(2017): 343 672 tonnes

Marine areas0.2%

Inland waters99.8%

Molluscs0.2%




(2017): 369 222 tonnes

Marine areas57.9%

Inland waters42.1%

Molluscs45.6%

Aquatic plants12.3%Crustaceans

0.1%





(2017): 8 062

tonnes

Marine areas1.4%

Inland waters98.6%

Marine fishes1.4%

Marine fishes20.3%




(2017): 1 485 475

tonnes

Inland waters100.0%




(2017): 7 711

tonnes

102

Dat

a s

ourc

e: F

AO

Glo

bal

Fis

her

y an

d A

qu

acu

ltu

re P

rod

uct

ion

Sta

tist

ics

v20

19.1

.0, p

ub

lish

ed th

rou

gh

Fis

hS

tatJ

(Mar

ch 2

019

; w

ww

.fao

.org

/fis

her

y/st

atis

tics

/so

ftw

are/

fish

stat

j/en

).

Not

es: C

on

stru

cted

by

the

FAO

WA

PI T

ota

l Fis

her

y P

rod

uct

ion

Mo

du

le; s

ee F

igu

re 1

.5 in

th

e F

AO

WA

PI A

qu

acu

ltu

re P

rod

uct

ion

Mo

du

le

(WA

PI-

AQ

PR

N v

.20

18.1

) fo

r a

sim

ilar e

xam

ple

(w

ww

.fao

.org

/fis

her

y/st

atis

tics

/so

ftw

are/

wap

i/en

). P

rod

uct

ion

co

vers

all

spec

ies

mea

sure

d in

to

nn

age.

Sp

ecie

s ac

cou

nti

ng

for

less

th

an 0

.1 p

erce

nt

of

tota

l pro

du

ctio

n n

ot

lab

elle

d in

th

e ch

arts

.



Africa (aquaculture species composition, 2000 versus 2017):

Aquaculture production increased from 0.45 million tonnes in 2000 to 2.2 million tonnes in 2017.

The share of freshwater fishes increased from 64.2 percent to 78.5 percent.

The share of shellfish declined from 1.5 percent to 0.5 percent.

The share of aquatic plants declined from 11.4 percent to 6.2 percent.

103


Finfish93.3%

Shellfish0.5%

Other species

6.2%

Marine fishes14.6%



Crustaceans0.3%

Molluscs0.2%

Aquatic plants6.2%

Africa (2017)


(2017): 2 214 143

tonnes

Finfish87.0%

Shellfish1.5%

Other species11.4%

Marine fishes22.4%



Crustaceans1.2%

Molluscs0.3%

Aquatic plants11.4%

Africa (2000)


(2000): 451 270 tonnes



Africa versus world (aquaculture species composition in aquaculture, 2017):

Africa’s 2.2 million tonnes of aquaculture production in 2017 comprised 93.3 percent of finfish (mostly freshwater fishes), 0.5 percent of shellfish and 6.2 percent of other species (primarily aquatic plants).

The species composition was much less diversified than the world pattern.

104


Finfish47.7%

Shellfish23.1%

Other species29.2%

Marine fishes2.8%



Crustaceans7.5%

Molluscs15.5%


0.8%

Aquatic plants28.4%

World (2017)


(2017): 111 946 623

tonnes

Finfish93.3%

Shellfish0.5%

Other species

6.2%

Marine fishes14.6%



Crustaceans0.3%

Molluscs0.2%

Aquatic plants6.2%

Africa (2017)


(2017): 2 214 143

tonnes



105

Dat

a so

urce

: FA

O G

lob

al F

ish

ery

and

Aq

uac

ult

ure

Pro

du

ctio

n S

tati

stic

s v2

019

.1.0

, p

ub

lish

ed t

hro

ug

h F

ish

Sta

tJ

(Mar

ch 2

019

; w

ww

.fao

.org

/fis

her

y/st

atis

tics

/so

ftw

are/

fish

stat

j/en

).

Not

es: C

on

stru

cted

by

the

FAO

WA

PI T

ota

l Fis

her

y P

rod

uct

ion

Mo

du

le; s

ee F

igu

re 1

.5 in

th

e FA

O W

AP

I A

qu

acu

ltu

re P

rod

uct

ion

Mo

du

le (W

AP

I-A

QP

RN

v.2

018

.1)

for

a si

mila

r ex

amp

le

(ww

w.f

ao.o

rg/f

ish

ery/

stat

isti

cs/s

oft

war

e/w

api/e

n).

Pro

du

ctio

n c

ove

rs a

ll sp

ecie

s m

easu

red

in t

on

nag

e. S

pec

ies

acco

un

tin

g f

or

less

th

an 0

.1 p

erce

nt

of

tota

l pro

du

ctio

n n

ot

lab

elle

d in

th

e ch

arts

.

Finfish80.1%

Shellfish1.4%

Other species18.5%

Marine fishes0.2%



Crustaceans0.8%

Molluscs0.6%

Aquatic plants18.5%



(2017): 737 668 tonnes

Finfish58.9%

Shellfish1.7%

Other species39.4%

Marine fishes0.4%



Crustaceans1.7%

Aquatic plants39.4%



(2017): 343 672 tonnes

Finfish99.8%

Shellfish0.2%


Molluscs0.2%



(2017): 369 222 tonnes

Finfish99.9%

Marine fishes21.7%




(2017): 1 485 475

tonnes

Finfish99.7%

Other species0.3%


Aquatic plants0.3%



(2017): 7 711

tonnes

Finfish42.0%

Shellfish45.7%

Other species12.3%



Crustaceans0.1%

Molluscs45.6%

Aquatic plants12.3%



(2017): 8 062

tonnes



Africa (aquaculture tonnage, 2017): 72 ASFIS species items farmed in 49 countries/territories in Africa. Tilapias and catfishes were two largest species groups in terms of production tonnage.

106

Aquaculture production tonnage in Africa by species groups Year 2017 (in terms of quantity)

WAPI species groups ISSCAAP division

Number of

species in the

group farmed

by the region

Number of

countries in the

region farming

the species

group

The region’s

aquaculture

production

quantity of each

species group

(live weight;

tonnes)

Share of the

region’s

aquaculture

production

quantity of all

species (%)

Share of world

aquaculture

production

quantity of the

same species

group (%)

1. Tilapias and other cichlids (ISSCAAP group) Freshwater fishes 13 46 1 220 320 55.11 20.75

2. Catfishes (Siluriformes) Freshwater fishes 8 33 253 265 11.44 4.59

3. Mullets (Mugilidae) Marine fishes 2 3 210 680 9.52 89.21

4. Carps, barbels and other cyprinids (ISSCAAP group) Freshwater fishes 6 14 205 226 9.27 0.72

5. Red seaweeds (ISSCAAP group) Aquatic plants 5 6 135 627 6.13 0.79

6. Marine perch-like fishes (Percoidea, marine) Marine fishes 5 5 113 005 5.10 9.05

7. Bony tongues (Osteoglossiformes) Freshwater fishes 3 6 20 338 0.92 79.67

8. Characins (Characiformes) Freshwater fishes 4 1 17 915 0.81 4.00

9. Freshwater perch-like fishes (Percoidea, freshwater) Freshwater fishes 3 3 16 652 0.75 2.04

10. Marine shrimps and prawns (ISSCAAP group) Crustaceans 3 7 6 161 0.28 0.11

Other species 20 n.a. 14 955 0.68 n.a.

Aquatic products 72 49 2 214 143 100.00 1.98

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en).

Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN); see Figure 1.5 in WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1 for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). ISSCAAP

(International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants) grouping can be found at www.fao.org/tempref/FI/DOCUMENT/cwp/handbook/annex/AnnexS2listISSCAAP2000.pdf. The

taxonomic scope of WAPI species groups indicated in bracket. More information about the WAPI species grouping can be found at http://www.fao.org/3/ca5187en/ca5187en.pdf.

http://www.fao.org/3/ca5187en/ca5187en.pdf






Africa (aquaculture value, 2017): 72 ASFIS species items farmed in 49 countries/territories in Africa. Tilapias and catfishes were two largest species groups in terms of production value.

107

Aquaculture production value in Africa by species groups Year 2017 (in terms of value)

WAPI species groups ISSCAAP division

Number of

species in

the group

farmed by

the region

Number of

countries in the

region farming the

species group

The region’s

aquaculture

production

quantity of each

species group

(farmgate value;

USD 1 000)

Share of the

region’s

aquaculture

production

quantity of all

species (%)

Share of world

aquaculture

production

quantity of the

same species

group (%)

1. Tilapias and other cichlids (ISSCAAP group) Freshwater fishes 13 46 1 449 412 45.32 13.14

2. Catfishes (Siluriformes) Freshwater fishes 8 33 748 842 23.42 7.08

3. Marine perch-like fishes (Percoidea, marine) Marine fishes 5 5 260 055 8.13 5.44

4. Carps, barbels and other cyprinids (ISSCAAP group) Freshwater fishes 6 14 236 808 7.41 0.39

5. Mullets (Mugilidae) Marine fishes 2 3 225 765 7.06 71.23

6. Marine shrimps and prawns (ISSCAAP group) Crustaceans 3 7 67 154 2.10 0.20

7. Bony tongues (Osteoglossiformes) Freshwater fishes 3 6 42 902 1.34 69.32

8. Characins (Characiformes) Freshwater fishes 4 1 42 070 1.32 4.49

9. Freshwater perch-like fishes (Percoidea, freshwater) Freshwater fishes 3 3 39 911 1.25 0.56

10. Abalones, winkles, conchs (ISSCAAP group) Molluscs 1 1 30 282 0.95 1.38

Other species 24 n.a. 54 710 1.71 n.a.

Aquatic products 72 49 3 197 910 100.00 1.28

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en).

Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN); see Figure 1.5 in WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1 for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). ISSCAAP

(International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants) grouping can be found at www.fao.org/tempref/FI/DOCUMENT/cwp/handbook/annex/AnnexS2listISSCAAP2000.pdf. The taxonomic

scope of WAPI species groups indicated in bracket. More information about the WAPI species grouping can be found at http://www.fao.org/3/ca5187en/ca5187en.pdf.







Africa: Top 10 farmed ASFIS species items by quantity, 2017

108

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN); see Figure 1.2 in WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1 for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Species item less than 1 percent of total production may not be labelled in the pie chart. ASFIS = Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System; more information about ASFIS species items can be found at www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en. Nei = not elsewhere included.

1 160 059

210 214

209 175

155 222

109 950

52 332

49 621

40 942

39 026

34 415

153 187

1. Nile tilapia

2. Mullets nei

3. North African catfish

4. Cyprinids nei

5. Spiny eucheuma

6. Gilthead seabream

7. Common carp

8. Tilapias nei

9. Torpedo-shaped catfishes nei

10. European seabass

Other species

ton

nes

Top-10 ASFIS species items in Africa's Aquaculture production quantity (2017)

52.4%

9.5%

9.4%

7.0%5.0%

2.4%2.2% 1.8% 1.8% 1.6%

6.9%




Africa: Top 10 farmed ASFIS species items by value, 2017

109

Data source: FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published through FishStatJ (March 2019; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Aquaculture Production Module (WAPI-AQPRN); see Figure 1.2 in WAPI-AQPRN v.2018.1 for a similar example (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en). Species item less than 1 percent of total production may not be labelled in the pie chart. ASFIS = Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System; more information about ASFIS species items can be found at www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en. Nei = not elsewhere included.

1 282 250

632 722

224 610

182 677

155 029

104 592

104 564

66 192

61 302

53 885

330 086

1. Nile tilapia

2. North African catfish

3. Mullets nei

4. Cyprinids nei

5. Gilthead seabream

6. Torpedo-shaped catfishes nei

7. Tilapias nei

8. Giant tiger prawn

9. European seabass

10. Common carp

Other species

tho

usa

nd

US

D

Top-10 ASFIS species items in Africa's aquaculture production value (2017)

40.1%

19.8%

7.0%

5.7%

4.8%

3.3%3.3%

2.1%1.9%

1.7%

10.3%




Outlook

110

Africa (2010–2050):

Population expected to reach 2.489 billion in 2050

Urban population expected to reach 58.91 percent in 2050

Female population expected to be stable at around 50 percent.

111

Data sources: United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision); United Nations World Urbanization Prospects (2018 revision). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI Population Module; see Template 1 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en).

50.14 50.03 49.98 49.98 50.0138.93 43.45 48.37

53.5758.91

1 039

1 341

1 688

2 077

2 489

2010 2020 2030 2040 2050

Africa

Percentage of females (%) Percentage of urban population (%)

Total population (million)


Africa (2017–2024):

Per capita GDP expected to reach USD 2 304 in 2024.

The 3.91 percent annual growth in per capita GDP during 2017–2014 lower than the 4.21 percent world GDP growth.

112

Data sources: Calculated by total GDP from IMF World Economic Outlook Database (April, 2019) divided by population from UN World Population Prospects (2019 Revision). Note: Constructed by the FAO WAPI GDP Module (including calculation of GDP indicators at the regional/global level); see Template 4 in the WAPI prototype for examples (www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/wapi/en).

10 723 11 222 11 320

12 019 12 535

13 116 13 690

14 308

1 761 1 815 1 840 1 932 2 012 2 102 2 199 2 304

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

GDP per capita (current USD)

World Africa


Africa: Aquaculture growth potential from the supply-side perspective

Africa’s share in world aquaculture production tonnage in 2017 (1.98 percent) is:

Much lower than its share of world total land area (including inland water surface) (22.41 percent).

Much lower than its share of world total renewable water resources (10.29 percent).

Much lower than its share in world population (16.48 percent).

Africa’s share in world inland aquaculture productionin 2017 (4.12 percent) is less than half of its share ofworld total inland water surface area (8.84 percent).

113

Africa (2017)

Share of

world total

(%)

Total land area (excluding coastal waters)1 22.41

Surface area of inland waterbodies2 8.84

Total renewable water resources1 10.29

Population4 16.48

Aquaculture production (all areas)5 1.98

Aquaculture production (inland waters)5 4.12

Aquaculture production (marine areas)5 0.27

Data sources: 1. FAO. 2016. AQUASTAT Main Database – Food and Agriculture Organization

of the United Nations (FAO). Website accessed on 16 May 2019.

2. FAOSTAT Land Cover database (updated June 2019; CCI_LC). 3. The World Factbook,

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), United States of America. Website accessed on 20 May

2019; coastline length of world equal to the sum of coastline length of 265 countries and

territories listed in the data source. 4. United Nations World Population Prospects (2019

revision). 5. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics v2019.1.0, published

through FishStatJ (March 2019).

aquaculture growth potential in africapopulation expected to increase from 1.244 billion to 1.688...

Documents