apache server by innovationframes.com » [email protected]

APACHE SERVER

• By Innovationframes.com

» [email protected]

Apache Web Server• Apache web server:

• The Apache Web server is a free HTTP (Web) server developed by the Apache Server Project.

• It is a reliable, efficient , and easily extensible Web Server

• Free open source code

Important directories and configuration files

Apache Web Server

Service profile

• Packages - httpd

• Configurations file - /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

• Daemons - httpd

• Portnumber - 80

Query a httpd package whether installed or not but the screen shows httpd packages is not

installed.

Web server configuration


httpd package is installed using rpm

command.

Now query the package it show package is

installed.

Open the httpd configuration file.


You can see the first page file content, we need to edit the end part of the, so press shift+G in command mode the cursor will

bottom of page.


This screen show end of httpd.conf file.


Copy the last seven lines .

Paste the copied lines here .


In virtual host field we enter ipaddress or fully qualified

domain address.


Here specify the e-mail address of the administrator for the web

server.

Here specify the base directory from which html files will be

saved..

Here specify the hostname for your server.

Now save and quit the the httpd.conf file.

After editing the configuration file The service httpd is

restarted.


Creating index.html page and place this file in the /var/www/html/

directory.


Let us create html file .


After typing save and quit the file.

Open the mozilla web browser and type the fully qualified domain name in address bar and press

enter, it will open corresponding web page.


To allow only a particular user to access our web site we can add directory session inside

virtualhost session.


Setting up /var/www/html/ access control directive .

Directives that can be overridden by the entries in

an .htaccess file.

Create .htaccess file in /var/www/html/ directory

and open the file .


The authorization realm is given to the client so the user knows

which username and password to send.


Type of user authentication for directory. only Basic and Digest

are currently implemented.

This file contain list of users and passwords for user

authentication.

Selects the authenticated users that can access a directory.


Set the httpd password for the user joe .

httpd password is stored in htpasswd file.


Set full permission for the htpasswd file to make sure that

the user has the execute permission .


To add another user in the htpasswd file.


Restart the httpd service.



Enter the fully qualified domain name in address bar.

When we access the web page the mozilla will prompts for the

username and password.



Enter the username and the password.


Now you can see the web page.

Access Control• The web access can be controlled by using

access control directives such as allow and deny.

•

Directive Description

deny from host host ….

Determines hosts that can access a given directory: all, or partial or full domain name or ip address.

allow from host host ….

Determines which hosts can access a given directory: all, or partial or full domain name or ip address.

This indicates that we can access the web page from any

network.


To access the web page only from the above specified

network.


Virtual host

• Virtual hosts allow you to host multiple domains from a single machine.

• Apache supports two different type of virtual hosts.

• • Name-based virtual hosts

• Ip-based virtual hosts •

Ip and Named-based Virtual Hosts

• IP-based virtual hosts• -Ip-based virtual hosts are used when

a single machine has several different IP address.

• -To run a virtual host on each IP address.

• Named-based virtual hosts

• -It allow you to host many virtual hosts from a single IP address.

Name-based virtual hosts

Here we place two domains in a single ip address and we can place number of domains

using single IP address.

Two domains are used in the name of example and test.com in a single ip address 192.168.0.20.

An ip address is mentioned in the virtualhost field.


The server fully qualified domain name is described

here.


A Directory is created in the specified path as above here

copy test.com webpage..


Httpd service is restarted.


This is the webpage for the test.com .


This is the webpage for example.com.


Now you can access the web page securely.

Apache Encrypted Web Server

• Apache can provide encrypted

communications using the mod_ssl apache

module.

• To make use of encrypted communications,

a client must request the https protocol.

• Encryption is based on either the RSA or

DSA algorithm.


• Package - mod_ssl

• Port number - 443

• Certificate - conf/ssl.crt/server.crt

• Private key - conf/ssl.key/server.key

• Self-signed cert - make testcert

• Certificate signature req - make certreq


Query is made to check whether the mod_ssl

package is installed. if not, install the packages


To generate the certificate signature request.


The self signed certificate can be installed using the command

make testcert.


When we restart the httpd service it will prompts for the

password.


Open the mozilla browser and type fully qualified name in the address bar using https protocol.


Click here to view the

certificate.


Here you can view the certificate informations.


After examining accept the certificate temporarily or permanent

and then click ok.


You can see a warning message indicating that this page can not

be read by a third party.


apache server by innovationframes.com » [email protected]

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