anatomy and physiology, heart, bp and hematology labs moodle

8/10/2019 Anatomy and Physiology, Heart, Bp and Hematology Labs Moodle

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BIO1414 - Human A & P II

Heart, Blood Pressure & Hematology

Lab

Oklahoma City Community CollegeProfessor Steve Kash
http://www.occc.edu/logos/images/Logo7a.jpg


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Lab Exam Objective 1 Given heart models & preserved heart

specimens, identify these structures: Right Atrium & Auricle

Right Ventricle

Left Atrium & Auricle

Left Ventricle Ascending Aorta & Aortic Arch

Brachiocephalic Trunk

Left Common Carotid & Left Subclavian Arteries

Pulmonary Trunk

Right & Left Pulmonary Arteries Right & Left Pulmonary Veins

Apex

Superior & Inferior Vena Cava


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Lab Exam Objective 1 continued Given heart models & preserved heart

specimens, identify these structures: Coronary Sinus & Sulcus

Interatrial & Interventricular Septum

Epicardium (Visceral Pericardium)

Endocardium & Myocardium

Parietal Pericardium (Pericardial Sac) Tricuspid (Right Atrioventricular) Valve

Bicuspid (Mitral) (Left Atrioventricular) Valve

Aortic & Pulmonary Semilunar Valves

Trabeculae Carneae

Chordae Tendineae

Papillary & Pectinate Muscles

Anterior & Posterior Interventricular Sulcus

Ligamentum Arteriosum & Fossa Ovalis


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Lab Exam Objective 1 continued Given heart models & preserved heart

specimens, identify these structures: R. Coronary Artery (RCA)

- Marginal Branch of RCA

- Posterior Interventricular Branch of RCA

L. Coronary Artery (LCA) - Anterior Interventricular Branch of LCA

- Circumflex Branch of LCA

- Marginal Branch of LCA

Great Cardiac Vein

Posterior Interventricular (Middle Cardiac) Vein

L. Marginal Vein


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Posterior Heart


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Anterior

Heart

Vessels


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Posterior

Heart

Vessels


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Aortic

Branches


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Heart ModelAnterior View

Left Pulmonary

ArteryLeft Pulmonary

Vein

Ascending Aorta

Great Cardiac VeinAnterior

InterventricularCoronary Artery

Superior Vena Cava

Aortic Arch

Pulmonary Trunk

Apex

Right Auricle

Right Ventricle Left Auricle

Left Ventricle


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Heart ModelPosterior View

R. Pulmonary Artery

R. Pulmonary Vein

Aortic Arch

Posterior

Interventricular Cardiac

Vein

PosteriorInterventricular

Coronary Artery

Superior Vena Cava

Coronary Sinus Inferior Vena Cava

Great Cardiac Vein

L. Marginal Cardiac

Vein

L. Pulmonary Artery

L. Pulmonary Vein

Apex

Right Ventricle

Left Ventricle

Left Atrium


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Heart ModelFrontal View

Left Atrium

Bicuspid (Mitral) ValveRight Atrium

Right Ventricle

Papillary Muscle

Chordae Tendineae

Left Ventricle

Tricuspid valve

Chordae Tendineae

Pulmonary TrunkPulmonary Semilunar Valve

Septum


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Preserved HeartAnterior View

Left Auricle

Left Ventricle

Right Auricle

Right Ventricle

Apex

Pulmonary Trunk

Aorta

Interventricular

Sulcus


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Preserved HeartFrontal View

Left Atrium

Bicuspid

(Mitral)

Valve

Right Auricle

Right Ventricle

Papillary Muscle

Chordae

Tendineae

Left Ventricle

Tricuspid valve

Chordae Tendineae

Ascending

Aorta

Aortic Semilunar

Valve


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Ci l ti


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3. Right Ventricle

2. Tricuspid

Valve

1. Right Atrium

Circulation

of O2/ CO2blood: heart

to lungs

4. Pulmonary

Semilunar

Valve

5. Pulmonary

Trunk

6. To Lungs via

Pulmonary Arteries

Ci l ti


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11. Aortic

SemilunarValve (not

shown)

12. Aorta

Circulation

of O2/ CO2

blood: lungsto heart

9. Bicuspid

(Mitral) Valve

8. Left Atrium

7. From Lungs via

Pulmonary Veins

10. Left

Ventricle


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Heart Circulation Summary

Superior & InferiorVena Cava

RA

Tricuspid Valve RV

Pulmonary Semilunar

Valve

Pulmonary Trunk

Pulmonary Arteries

Lungs

Lungs Pulmonary Veins

LA

Bicuspid (Mitral)Valve

LV

Aortic SemilunarValve

Aorta


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Lab Exam Objective 3

Know the normal values for blood

pressure (including the units) & use of

the terms systo l ic& diastol ic

pressures.


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Terms, Definitions & Units

Blood Pressure - force against arterialwalls per unit of area in mmHg

Systolic Pressure - highestarterial

pressure(averages 120 mmHg) Diastolic Pressure - lowestarterial

pressure(averages 80 mmHg)


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Given a blood pressure reading, calculate &

explain Pulse Pressure (PP) & Mean Arterial

Pressure (MAP).


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Pulse Pressure (PP)

PP = Systolic PressureDiastolic Pressure

Example: if a patients blood pressure =

140/80 mmHg

Then: 14080 = 60 mmHg

PP represents the difference between the

highest pressure & the lowest pressure

during the entirecardiac cycle


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Describe the procedure for taking blood

pressure, including the artery measured &

the functions of the sphygmomanometer &

stethoscope.


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BLOOD PRESSURE LAB

STETHOSCOPESPHYGMOMANOMETER


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SPHYGMOMANOMETER


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Sphygmomanometer

Gauge


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STETHOSCOPE


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No Sounds of Korotkoff


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1stSounds of

Korotkoff


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Sounds

Continue

Last Korotkoff Sounds


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Last Korotkoff Sounds


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First & Last Sounds of Korotkoff

Sounds of Korotkoff


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Sounds of Korotkoff

Bl d P S


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Blood Pressure Summary

BP is measured by auscul tat ion(listening)

at the brach ial arteryusing a stethoscope No sound is heard during laminarblood

flow (normal, quiet, smooth blood flow)

Increasing cuff pressure, constricts(closes) the brachial artery, preventing

blood flow (no sounds)

As air pressure in the cuff is lowered, thebrachial artery partially opens, creating

turbulent blood flow (heard as the sounds

of Korotkoff)


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Blood Pressure Summary

continued

1stKorotkoff sound is heard at the

systolic pressure value (cuff pressure =systolic pressure)

When air pressure in the cuff is lower

than the diastolic pressure, turbulent flow(sounds) disappears

The last Korotkoff sound is heard at the

diastolic pressure value (cuff pressure =diastolic pressure)


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Relate the effects of body position &

exercise on blood pressure, heart rate

& pulse pressure.


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Systolic Pressure

Remains fairly constant in spite of body

position changes

Systolic pressure: caused by LVpeak

ejection pressure


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Diastolic Pressure

Diastolic pressure is affected by gravity &tends to not remain constant when body

position changes

Diastolic pressure: caused by elasticrecoi lof the brachial artery wall

If the arm is positioned below the heart

level, diastolic pressure may increase If the arm is positioned above the heart

level, diastolic pressure may decrease


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Define hematocrit & describe how

hematocrit is obtained; interpret

hematocrit results & compare them to

normal male & normal female values.


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Hematocrit

Heparinized Capillary Tube

Sheep Blood

Critoseal

Centrifuge

Hematocrit Reader Card


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Sheep Blood


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Critoseal & Capillary Tubes


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Centrifuge


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Capillary Tube Position

CRITOSEAL END


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Normal Hematocrit Values

Male: 42 - 52% Female: 37 - 48%


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Describe the procedure for typing

human blood & interpret human blood

typing results.


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Blood Typing

Blood typing tray

Typing blood vials

Anti-A antisera (antibodies)

Anti-B antisera (antibodies)

Mixing stick

Blood Typing Tray


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Blood Typing Tray


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Blood Typing Blood Vials


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Blood Typing Antisera Vials

Bl d T i


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Blood Typing


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Clumping

Reaction


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Using a microscope, textbook & lab

materials, identify erythrocytes (RBCs),

leukocytes (WBCs), & thrombocytes

(platelets); know the normal male &female values for each.


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Blood Cell Identifications

Prepared Blood Slide

Microscope

Oil Immersion


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White Blood Cell Identification

L k t (WBC )


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Leukocytes (WBCs)


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Blood Sample Quiz


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Normal WBC Values

Granulocytes:

Neutrophils = 60 -

70%

Eosinophils = 2 - 4%

Basophils = 0.5 - 1%

Agranulocytes:

Lymphocytes = 25 -

33%

Monocytes = 3 - 8%

L b E R i


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Lab Exam ReviewKNOW THESE FOR THE BLOOD PORTION OF THE LAB

EXAM: WBC, RBC, & PLATELET ID & NORMAL RANGES (%)

GENERALBLOOD LAB PROCEDURES

DEVICE NAMES: HEMATOCRIT READER CARD, ETC.

NORMAL HEMATOCRIT %

RECOGNIZE: ANTIGEN/ANTIBODY

(AGGLUTINATION) REACTIONS DETERMINE BLOOD TYPE BASED ON AN

AGGLUTINATION PATTERN

BIO1414 LAB EXERCISE ONE & TWO


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DISPOSAL INSTRUCTIONS BIOHAZARD DISPOSAL CONTAINERS:

- Blood contaminated toothpicks

- Blood contaminated gloves

- Blood contaminated plastic typing trays

SHARPS DISPOSAL CONTAINERS:

- Glass capillary tubes

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Place dissected hearts back into the tubs in the sinks

Do not put uncontaminated gloves or dissected heartsinto Biohazard containers

Clean & disinfect lab table surfaces with paper towels byspraying them with Amphy l solution & place used paper

towels into the regular trash containers


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BIO1414 - Heart, BP & Hematology Lab - END

anatomy and physiology, heart, bp and hematology labs moodle

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