an nhon - district solid waste management plan & action plan

7/31/2019 An Nhon - District Solid Waste Management Plan & Action Plan

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JNI@ FNI@ Tzk|nieg

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Tzkmgev Ohihbgogiv Winv

Tzktkuha lkz tgzlkzonib ‑Ekiuwavhie~ ki Fg|gaktnib

Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Fgvhnagf Tahiu lkz v`g lkwz

Fnuvznevu kl @khn I`ki! T`w O~! Hi I`ki hif Vh~ Uki‟

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Tgktag„u Ekoonvvgg

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JNI@ FNI@ Tzk|nieg

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HI I@KIFNUVZNEV UKANF RHUVG OHIHBGOGIV TAHI

WT VK :4:7



Hi I`ki Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi

VHJAG KL EKIVGIVU

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NIVZKFWEVNKI )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 6

8)8) TWZTKUG KL V@G FNUVZNEV UKANF RHUVG OHIHBGOGIV TAHI ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 6

8):) V@G EKIVGIVU KL V@NU FNUVZNEV UKANF RHUVG OHIHBGOGIV TAHI))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) )))) 6 8)5) VHZBGVU LKZ FNUVZNEV UKANF RHUVG OHIHBGOGIV)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 6

8)5)8) Agbha Fkewogivu kl v`g Egivzha Bk|gziogiv ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 6

8)5):) V`g Tzk|nieg Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) )))))))))) 84

8)5)5) Vhzbgvu lkz v`g Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) )) 84

8)6) EWZZGIV UNVWHVNKI KL FKOGUVNE UKANF RHUVG OHIHBGOGIV U^UVGO NI HI I@KI FNUVZNEV ))))))))))))))))))))) 8:

8)6)8) Rhuvg Ekotkunvnki ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 8:

8)6):) Gpnuvnib Gxwntogiv! Uvhllnib hif Rhuvg Ekaagevnki Ugz|neg ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) ))))))))))))))))))))) 85

8)6)5) Ewzzgiv Rhuvg Fnutkuha Unvg )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 86

8)6)6) Ewzzgiv Lggu hif Ekuv Zgek|gz~ )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) )))))))))))))))))))))))) 87

E@HTVGZ : )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 8<

TAHI LKZ OHIHBGOGIV KL RHUVG VNAA :4:7 )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 8<

:)8) TAHI LKZ OHIHBGOGIV KL FKOGUVNE RHUVG VNAA :4:7 ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) ))))))))))))))))))))) 8<

:)8)8) Fglninvnki kl Fkoguvne Ukanf Rhuvg ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 8<

: 8 : Fkoguvne Rhuvg Bgigzhvnki Zhvg vnaa :4:7 8<




5)7 ZGXWNZGOGIVU VK RHUVG OHIHBGOGIV RKZCGZU! LGG HIF EKUV ZGEK\GZ^ KL FKOGUVNE RHUVG EKAAGEVNKI

HIF VZHIUTKZVHVNKI U^UVGO )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 62

5)7)8 Zgxwnzgogivu vk Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Rkzcgz )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) )))))))))) 62 5)7): Ekuv kl Rhuvg Ekaagevnki U~uvgo )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 60

5)7)5 Lggu hif Ekuv Zgek|gz~ lkz Rhuvg Ekaagevnki )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 76

5)< EHTNVHA HIF KTGZHVNIB EKUVU LKZ V@G UHINVHZ^ AHIFLNAA))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7<

5)<)8 Jgiglnvu kl h U`hzgf Uhinvhz~ Ahiflnaa )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 70

5)<): Uwoohz~ kl v`g Ehtnvha hif Ktgzhvnib Ekuvu lkz v`g Uhinvhz~ Ahiflnaa ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) )) 70

5)<)5 Tzkegfwzg lkz U`hznib h Uhinvhz~ Ahiflnaa )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7>

5)2 EKUV UH\NIB J^ VZGHVNIB KZBHINE RHUVG HV UKWZEG ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7> 5)0 EAKUWZG KL FWOTUNVGU )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) <4

5)> ZGXWNZGOGIVU LKZ EHTHENV^ FG\GAKTOGIV HIF HRHZGIGUU ZHNUNIB ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) <4

5)>)8 Jhecbzkwif )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) )) <8

5)>): Ehthenv~ Fg|gaktogiv hif Vzhninib rnv`ni v`g fnuvznev))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) <8

5)>)5 Jhune lkz h Hrhzgiguu Zhnunib Tzkbzhoog lzko :48: vk :486 ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) <:

5)>)6 Uvzhvgb~ hif Kjmgevn|gu )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) ))))))))))))))))))))) <:

5)>)7 Kzbhinuhvnki hif Notagogivhvnki Uvzwevwzg ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) <5

5)>)< Hrhzgiguu Zhnunib v`zkwb` v`g Twjane Ogfnh )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) ))))))))))))))))))))) <2

5)>)2 Zgxwnzgogivu vk Notzk|g v`g Rhuvg Ekaagevnki )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) <0

5)>)0 Uvzgibv`ginib v`g Zge~eanib hv Ukwzeg )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) )) <>

5)>)> Ehthenv~ Fg|gaktogiv hif Vzhninib rnv`ni v`g Fnuvznev )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 24

5)>)84 Ekuv kl Ehthenv~ Fg|gaktogiv hif Hrhzgiguu Zhnunib Tzkbzhoogu :48: ― :4:7 )))))))))))))) 24

E@HTVGZ 6 )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 26

NOTAGOGIVHVNKITAHIU 26




E@HTVGZ 8

NIVZKFWEVNKI

Jni` Fni` Tzk|nieg nu akehvgf ki v`g ekhuv kl \ngviho ni v`g Ukwv` Egivzha Ekhuv Zgbnki) V`g

tzk|nieg `hf h tktwahvnki kl 8)6> onaanki ni :44> hif `hu h ahif hzgh kl <!4:7 uxwhzg cnakogvzgu)

Rnv`ni v`g tzk|nieg! Hi I`ki Fnuvznev nu akehvgf hjkwv :4 co Ikzv` Rguv kl Xw~ I`ki) V`g

Fnuvznev ehtnvha nu Jni` Fni` Vkri hif v`g ugekif vkri rnv`ni v`g Fnuvznev nu Fht Fh) V`g Fnuvznev

`hu h vkvha hzgh kl :65 co:

hif v`g tktwahvnki ni :44> rhu 820!244 tgktag) Kv`gz v`hi v`g vrk

vkriu! v`gzg hzg 85 ekoowigu rnv`ni v`g Fnuvznev)

8)8) Twztkug kl v`g Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi

V`g twztkug kl v`nu Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi nu vk kllgz hif k|gzhaa uvzhvgb~ lkz v`g

ekaagevnki! vzghvogiv hif fnutkuha kl haa ukanf rhuvg bgigzhvgf ni Hi I`ki Fnuvznev) V`g Tahi

ek|gzu v`g ~ghzu :488 v`zkwb` :4:7) V`g Tahi rhu fg|gaktgf ni eakug ekiuwavhvnki rnv` haa

uvhcg`kafgzu rnv`ni v`g fnuvznev v`zkwb` oggvnibu! fnuewuunkiu hif rkzcu`ktu)

8):) V`g Ekivgivu kl v`nu Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv TahiV`nu Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi ek|gzu v`g ohihbgogiv tahiu lkz fkoguvne rhuvg ni

ugevnki :)8! lkz nifwuvznha rhuvg ni ugevnki :):! hif lkz `ghav`ehzg znuc rhuvg ni ugevnki :)5) Hi

k|gz|ngr kl v`g zgahvgf Bk|gziogiv„u ahru! Fgezggu hif Zgbwahvnkiu ki ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv

nu bn|gi nu ugevnki 8)5)

Lkz ghe` v~tg kl rhuvg! v`g Tahi tzk|nfgu h fguezntvnki kl v`g ewzzgiv unvwhvnki! r`gzg hlvgz v`g

tzgugiv rhuvg xwhivnvngu hif e`hzhevgznuvneu hzg fnuewuugf) @gzghlvgz v`g tahiu fgueznjgu v`g

n v v v aa vn v v v f fn a v` nv a f ln n a v l v`




vzghvogiv3 hu rgaa hu v`g ekuvu lkz ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv) Ahuv jwv ikv aghuv! v`g fgezgg ehaau

lkz v`g zgxwnzgogiv kl okinvkznib hif notagogivhvnki)

V`g Ihvnkiha Uvzhvgb~ ki Nivgbzhvgf Ukanf Rhuvg OhihbgogivKi Fgegojgz 8:! :44> v`g Tznog Oninuvgz unbigf Fgenunki Ik) :86>+XF/VVb httzk|nib v`g

Ihvnkiha Uvzhvgb~ ki Nivgbzhvgf Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv vnaa v`g ~ghz :4:7 rnv` |nunki vk :474)

V`g uvzhvgb~ uvhvgu v`g lkaakrnib ohni tknivu=

Nivgbzhvgf Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv (NURO. nu h ekooki zgutkiunjnanv~ kl v`g r`kag

ukengv~! ni r`ne` v`g Bk|gziogiv vhcgu h aghfnib zkag ni kzfgz vk gi`hieg

ukenhanuhvnki! okjnanug haa v`g tkuunjag zgukwzegu! hif uvzgibv`gi v`g ni|guvogiv nivk

v`g NURO hevn|nvngu)

NURO nu notagogivgf ki v`g jhug kl zgbnkiha hif nivgzugevnkiha httzkhe`gu ni kzfgz

vk ktvnonug jkv` gekikone hif vge`ineha hutgevu hif giuwzg ukenha hif

gi|nzkiogivha uhlgv~)

NURO nu kig kl v`g tznkznvngu ni gi|nzkiogivha tzkvgevnki! r`ne` vhcgu thzv ni

tkaawvnki ekivzka vkrhzfu uwuvhnihjag fg|gaktogiv kl v`g ekwivz~)

NURO u`kwaf jg jhugf ki v`g ‑tkaawvgz th~u‟ tznientag! heekzfnib vk r`ne` rhuvgbgigzhvkzu! tkaawvgzu hif gi|nzkiogivha fgbzhfgzu hzg zgutkiunjag vk ekivznjwvg

lnihieg hif ekotgiuhvg lkz v`g akuugu hu zgxwnzgf j~ ewzzgiv zgbwahvnkiu)

Ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv u`kwaf jg notagogivgf rnv` hi nivgbzhvgf ohiigz ni kzfgz

vk vhcg v`g lnzuv tznkznv~ lkz rhuvg tzg|givnki hif zgfwevnki hv ukwzeg hif gi`hieg

zgwug hif zge~eanib vk zgfweg v`g xwhivnvngu kl rhuvg lkz ahiflnaanib)

Rnv` h eaghz |nunki lkz v`g ~ghz :474 v`hv haa v`g rhuvg v`hv nu bgigzhvgf rnaa jg ekaagevgf! zgwugf!

a f f v v f j f f f n v aa l n fa v ` a n f v` v v`




>4' kl fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg ni wzjhi hzghu u`kwaf jg ekaagevgf hif vzghvgf! kl r`ne`

07' u`kwaf jg zgwugf! zge~eagf! zgek|gzgf nivk gigzb~! kz ekotkuvgf)

04' kl ekiuvzwevnki rhuvg ni wzjhi hzghu u`kwaf jg ekaagevgf hif vzghvgf! kl r`ne`74' u`kwaf jg zgek|gzgf lkz zgwug kz zge~eanib)

74' kl ugtvne uawfbg ni wzjhi hzghu kl eahuu NN hif `nb`gz hif 54' ni v`g zgohninib

wzjhi hzghu u`kwaf jg ekaagevgf hif tzktgza~ vzghvgf)

Zgfweg <7' kl tahuvne jhb wug ni uwtgzohzcgvu hif uwtgzuvkzgu ekothzgf vk :484)

Rhuvg ugthzhvnki hv `kwug`kafu u`kwaf jg notagogivgf hv 04' kl wzjhi hzghu!

r`gzg ukanf rhuvg zge~eanib lhenanvngu gpnuv)

>4' kl iki/`h}hzfkwu nifwuvznha ukanf rhuvg u`kwaf jg ekaagevgf hif vzghvgf! rnv`ni

r`ne` 27' u`kwaf jg zgek|gzgf lkz zgwug kz zge~eanib)

24' kl `h}hzfkwu nifwuvznha ukanf rhuvg lzko nifwuvznha thzcu u`kwaf jg tzktgza~

vzghvgf)

844' kl iki/`h}hzfkwu hif `h}hzfkwu `ghav`ehzg rhuvg u`kwaf jg ekaagevgf hif

tzktgza~ vzghvgf)

24' kl ukanf rhuvg ni zwzha zgunfgivnha hzghu hif 04' ni ezhlv |naahbgu u`kwaf jg

ekaagevgf hif tzktgza~ vzghvgf)

J~ :4:7= Rhuvg ugthzhvnki hv `kwug`kafu u`kwaf jg notagogivgf hv 844' kl wzjhi hzghu!

r`gzg ukanf rhuvg zge~eanib lhenanvngu gpnuv)

844' kl fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg ni wzjhi hzghu u`kwaf jg ekaagevgf hif vzghvgf! kl

r`ne` >4' u`kwaf jg zgwugf! zge~eagf! zgek|gzgf nivk gigzb~! kz ekotkuvgf)

>4' kl ekiuvzwevnki rhuvg ni wzjhi hzghu u`kwaf jg ekaagevgf hif vzghvgf! kl r`ne`

<4' u`kwaf jg zgek|gzgf lkz zgwug kz zge~eanib)

844' kl ugtvne uawfbg ni wzjhi hzghu kl eahuu NN hif `nb`gz hif 74' ni v`g zgohninib

j ` af j aa v f f a v v f




tahiu ki v`g ekiuvzwevnki kl ukanf rhuvg vzghvogiv unvgu vk v`g ag|ga kl

rhzfu+ekoowigu)

5) Jwnaf h fhvhjhug hif h ukanf rhuvg fhvh okinvkznib u~uvgo ni v`g r`kag ekwivz~)6) Jwnaf zgukwzegu lkz v`g notagogivhvnki kl v`g uvzhvgb~

7) Tzkokvg uengivnlne zgughze` lkz gllgevn|ga~ ekivznjwvnib vk NURO

<) Zhnug hrhzgiguu

2) Uvzgibv`gi nivgzihvnkiha ekktgzhvnki

Ahuv jwv ikv aghuv! ni kzfgz vk giuwzg uweeguulwa notagogivhvnki! v`g uvzhvgb~ `hu hauk tzktkugf

84 notagogivhvnki tzkbzhou r`ne` hzg uwoohznugf jgakr=

Ik Tzkbzhoog Vhzbgvu Fwg ~ghz ,

aghfnib

notagogivgz

48 Tzkokvnib v`g tzg|givnki!

oninonuhvnki! zgwug hif

zge~eanib kl ukanf rhuvg

/ Ugv wt hif notagogiv oghuwzgu lkz v`g

tzg|givnki! oninonuhvnki! zgwug hif zge~eanib kl

ukanf rhuvg

/ Fg|gakt zge~eanib nifwuvz~

:4:4

OkIZG

4: Tzkokvnib ukanf rhuvg

ugthzhvnki hv ukwzeg

/ Ugv wt zgbwahvnkiu hif bwnfhieg ki ukanf rhuvg

ugthzhvnki hv ukwzeg/ Fnuugonihvg ukwzeg ugthzhvnki okfgau

:487

OKIZG

45 Ni|guvnib nivk v`g

ekiuvzwevnki kl ukanf rhuvg

vzghvogiv lhenanvngu hv

zgbnkiha ag|ga

Ekiuvzwev ukanf rhuvg vzghvogiv lhenanvngu lkz v`g

gekikone }kigu ni v`g r`kag ekwivz~ hu httzk|gf j~

v`g Tznog Oninuvgz

:4:4

OkE

46 Vzghvnib fkoguvne ukanf

rhuvg ni v`g wzjhi hzghu

fwznib :44>/:4:4

Ekiuvzwev ukanf rhuvg vzghvogiv lhenanvngu lkz v`g

wzjhi hzghu ni v`g r`kag ekwivz~! wunib vge`ikakbngu

v`hv anonv ahiflnaanib

:4:4

OkE

47 Z n v` Uv n va v v v` n a aa vn f nv :4:4




lkz hif v`g ekiuvzwevnki hif ktgzhvnki kl ukanf rhuvg jwznha unvgu) Lnzuv! v`g enzewahz gahjkzhvgu

zgxwnzgogivu lkz v`g ugagevnki kl rhuvg jwznha unvg akehvnkiu) Nv zgxwnzgu v`hv v`g jwznha unvg

akehvnkiu owuv jg fgvgzonigf ki v`g jhunu kl ekiuvzwevnki tahiinib v`hv `hu hazghf~ jggihttzk|gf j~ v`g ekotgvgiv uvhvg ohihbgogiv jkfngu) Jgunfgu! nv ugvu oninowo fnuvhiegu lzko h

jwznha unvg! fgtgifnib ki nvu un}g! vk fnllgzgiv rkzcu nieawfnib wzjhi hzghu! hnztkzvu! nifwuvznha

thzcu! zgunfgivnha eawuvgzu! bzkwif rhvgz gptaknvnib rkzcu! gve) Lkz niuvhieg! v`g oninowo

fnuvhieg lzko h uohaa hif ogfnwo jwznha unvg vk h fgavh kz onfahif zgunfgivnha eawuvgz (kl okzg

v`hi 7 `kwug`kafu. u`kwaf jg 8!444 o hv v`g gif kl tznientha rnif fnzgevnki kz 544 o vk kv`gz

fnzgevnkiu) Lwzv`gzokzg! v`g fkewogiv bwnfgu v`g tzkegfwzg lkz ugagevnki kl h okfga hif un}g lkz

h jwznha unvg) Ugekif! v`g enzewahz zgbwahvgu v`g ktgzhvnib tzkegfwzg kl h jwznha unvg) V`nu nieawfgu

v`g rgnb`nib hif zgbnuvzhvnki kl rhuvg! ek|gznib v`g ah~gzu kl tahegf rhuvg rnv` ukna kz kv`gzgxwha ohvgznhau! eakuwzg kl h unvg! tkuv/eakuwzg okinvkznib! hif wavnohvg (zg.wug kl v`g unvg hlvgz

eakuwzg) V`nzf hif v`g ahuv! v`g enzewahz bwnfgu v`g kzbhinuhvnki kl notagogivhvnki! ni r`ne` nv

u`hzgu v`g zgutkiunjnanvngu kl v`g OkUVG! v`g OkE hif v`g TEu kl tzk|nienha ag|ga ni v`g ugagevnki

kl akehvnki lkz hif ktgzhvnki kl rhuvg jwznha unvgu)

V`g Enzewahz Ik) 85+:442+VV/JPFKi Fgegojgz :442! v`g Oninuvz~ kl Ekiuvzwevnki nuuwgf Enzewahz Ik) 85 +:442+VV/JPF vk bwnfg

ukog hzvneagu kl v`g Bk|gziogivha Fgezgg 7>+:442+IF/ET kl Htzna >! :442 ki ukanf rhuvg

ohihbgogiv) V`g fkewogiv ek|gzu v`g lkaakrnib ln|g nvgou=

8) Tahiinib kl ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv

V`g tahiinib kl ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv v`hv rhu fglnigf j~ Nvgo 8 kl Hzvneag 2 ni Fgezgg

7>+:442+IF/ET nu gahjkzhvgf ni v`nu enzewahz hu v`g ‑utgenlne ekiuvzwevnki ugevnkiha tahiinib!

r`ne` nieawfgu uwz|g~u! tzkmgevnki kl bgigzhvnki ukwzegu hif xwhivnvngu kl jkv` bgigzha hif

` f v nf vnln vn l v` a vn f n l v l v vn f v` l




7) Kzbhinuhvnki lkz notagogivhvnki

V`g enzewahz zgxwnzgu v`g oninuvzngu hif TEu kl tzk|nienha ag|ga vk tzgthzg! httzhnug hif httzk|g

ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv tahiu hu zgbwahvgf j~ Hzvneag 84 kl Fgezgg 7>+:442+IF/ET) Lwzv`gzokzgnv zgxwnzgu v`g TEu kl tzk|nienha ag|ga vk httzhnug hif httzk|g ekiuvzwevnki tahiu lkz ukanf rhuvg

vzghvogiv kl tzk|nienha hif nivgz/tzk|nienha zgbnkiha uehagu) Lnihaa~ nv zgxwnzgu v`g TEu kl tzk|nienha

ag|ga vk jg zgutkiunjag lkz eakunib wiuhinvhz~ fwotunvgu hu zgbwahvgf j~ Fgenunki <6+:445+XF/VVb

kl Htzna ::! :445)

V`g Enzewahz Ik) 48+:488+VV/JPFV`g enzewahz Ik) 48+:488+VV/JPF rhu nuuwgf j~ v`g OkE ki Mhiwhz~ :2! :488 vk bwnfg v`g

notagogivhvnki kl uvzhvgbne gi|nzkiogivha huuguuogiv (UGH. lkz ekiuvzwevnki hif wzjhitahiinib) V`g kjmgevn|gu kl v`g fkewogiv nieawfg ikv kia~ zgbnkiha! bgigzha! uwj/zgbnkiha hif

fgvhnagf tahiinib! jwv hauk zwzha zgunfgivnha tahiinib hif utgenlne vge`ineha nilzhuvzwevwzha

tahiinib! r`ne` haa hzg v`gzghlvgz ehaagf ekiuvzwevnki tahiinib) Nv nu kzbhinugf nivk 7 e`htvgzu hif

:5 hzvneagu! ek|gznib bgigzha zgbwahvnkiu! ogv`kfu kl UGH! ekivgivu kl UGH! zgtkzv ekotnahvnki hif

httzhnuha! hif kzbhinuhvnki kl notagogivhvnki)

Ni bgigzha! v`g fkewogiv zgxwnzgu UGH vk jg thzv kl h ekiuvzwevnki tahiinib hif jg ekifwevgf ni

thzhaaga vk v`g tahiinib tzkeguu) Jgunfgu v`g bgigzha zgxwnzgogivu lkz hi UGH! uwe` hu v`g ohni

gi|nzkiogivha nuuwgu vk lkewu ki hif uengivnlne jhunu lkz v`g ogv`kfu vk jg wugf! v`g enzewahz

zgxwnzgu v`hv v`g ekivgivu kl hi UGH u`kwaf ikv jg ekivzhfnevkz~ vk kz zgtanehvgf kl v`g kigu

u`kri ni v`g tahiu kl `nb`gz ag|gau kl v`g ewzzgiv tahi) Ni hffnvnki! nv zgxwnzgu v`hv v`g httzhnuha kl

uwe` UGHu jg ehzzngf kwv ni thzhaaga vk v`g httzhnuha kl v`g tahi)

V`g zgxwnzgogivu lkz UGH lkz utgenlne vge`ineha nilzhuvzwevwzha tahiinib hzg gahjkzhvgf ni Hzvneag

8< kl v`g fkewogiv) Zgbhzfnib UGH lkz ukanf rhuvg vzghvogiv tahiinib v`nu hzvneag utgenlngu v`g




Ahuv jwv ikv aghuv! Hzvneag :5 kl v`g fkewogiv uvhvgu v`hv v`nu enzewahz ekogu nivk hllgev lzko

Ohze` 87! :488 hif v`hv nv zgtahegu v`g OkE„u Enzewahz Ik 84+:444+VV/JPF kl Hwbwuv 0! :444

bwnfnib v`g tzgthzhvnki kl GNH lkz ekiuvzwevnki tahiu) Nv ehi v`gzglkzg jg gptgevgf v`hv v`gFUROTu v`hv hzg jgnib fg|gaktgf lkz v`g lkz fnuvznevu kl @khn I`ki! T`w O~! Hi I`ki hif Vh~

Uki wifgz v`g JVE lwifgf tzkmgev Rhvgz Uwtta~ hif Uhinvhvnki Tzkmgev ni Jni` Fni` Tzk|nieg fk

ikv `h|g vk lkaakr Enzewahz Ik) 48+:488+VV/JPF! n)g) tzgthzg UGH! hu v`g~ haa uvhzvgf ni Ik|gojgz

:484)

8)5):) V`g Tzk|nieg Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi

Ni Hwbwuv :44> v`g Tgktag„u Ekoonvvgg kl Jni` Fni` Tzk|nieg fgenunki ik) <52 httzk|gf v`g

Tzk|nieg Ukanf Rhuvg Ohuvgz Tahi (TUROT. lkz v`g wzjhi hzghu hif v`g nifwuvznha }kigu ni Jni`Fni` hzgh wt vk :4:4) Nv u`kwaf jg ikvgf v`hv unieg v`g tzk|nienha tahi rhu fg|gaktgf hif

uwjugxwgiva~ httzk|gf tznkz vk v`g ihvnkiha uvzhvgb~! nv ekwaf ikv wug v`g ihvnkiha uvzhvgb~ hu h

agbha jhunu) V`g tahi hf|kehvgu ‑wunib ewzzgiv ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv ogv`kfu kl v`g hf|hiegf

ekwivzngu ni v`g rkzaf hif hfmwuvnib nv vk v`g uwnvhjag ekifnvnkiu kl \ngv Iho‟) V`g tahi

got`hunugu v`g notkzvhieg kl oninonunib v`g hokwiv kl ukanf rhuvg v`hv nu ahiflnaagf! ni kzfgz vk

oninonug jkv` v`g gi|nzkiogivha nothevu hif v`g ni|guvogiv ekuvu)

V`g tahi ehaau lkz vzghvogiv lhenanvngu ni g|gz~ fnuvznev! env~ hif vkri3 r`gzg v`g ktgzhvnki zhfnwu

kl ghe` ukanf rhuvg vzghvogiv tahiv nu hjkwv :4 co) J~ :4:4! gnb`v~ tgzegiv kl v`g fkoguvne ukanf

rhuvg lzko wzjhi hzghu kwvunfg Xw~ I`ki owuv jg ekaagevgf hif vzghvgf)

V`g tahi jhunehaa~ ehaau lkz hv ukwzeg ugthzhvnki kl fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg ni wzjhi hzghu) Nv lkzguggu

wvnanunib v`g kzbhine lhevnki kl v`g rhuvg vk tzkfweg lgzvnan}gz hif vk taheg v`g zgohninib rhuvg ni

uhinvhz~ ahiflnaau)




• Zge~eag v`g rhuvg! r`gzg v`g fnuehzfu hzg ugthzhvgf nivk ohvgznhau v`hv oh~ jg niekztkzhvgf

nivk igr tzkfwevu3

• Wug kl rhuvg ikv uwnvhjag lkz zg/wug kz zge~eanib hu ukwzeg kl gigzb~3• Fnutkuha kl rhuvg ikv uwnvhjag lkz zg/wug kz zge~eanib ikz lkz gigzb~ zgek|gz~! hu rgaa hu v`g

zgohniu kl rhuvg lzko r`ne` gigzb~ `hu jggi zgek|gzgf! rnv`kwv gifhibgznib `wohi

`ghav` hif rnv`kwv wunib tzkeguugu kz ogv`kfu r`ne` ekwaf `hzo v`g gi|nzkiogiv)

V`g hjk|g tznkznvnuhvnki nu hauk ni anig rnv` nivgzihvnkiha tzhevnegu) Nfghaa~ haa rhuvg bgigzhvnki

u`kwaf jg h|knfgf3 r`gzg v`nu nu ikv tkuunjag! v`g xwhivnv~ kl rhuvg u`kwaf jg oninonugf)

@gzghlvgz v`g `ngzhze`~ hf|kehvgu zge~eanib! gigzb~ zgek|gz~ hif lniha fnutkuha ni h ahiflnaa) Lkz

gigzb~ zgek|gz~! v`g okuv ekooki ukawvnki nu nienigzhvnki kl rhuvg vk bgigzhvg uvgho hifgagevznenv~3 hikv`gz tkuunjnanv~ nu vk tzkfweg jnkbhu lzko v`g jnkfgbzhfhjag kzbhine lzhevnki kl v`g

rhuvg)

Hu ehi jg uggi lzko v`g hjk|g! tahenib v`g bgigzhvgf ukanf rhuvg ni h ahiflnaa nu v`g aghuv lh|kwzgf

ktvnki! `krg|gz! j~ zgok|nib v`g rhuvg lzko tktwahvgf hzghu hif tahenib nv ni h ahiflnaa! h

iwojgz kl `ghav` hif gi|nzkiogivha tzkjagou hzg uka|gf)

Vk zghe` v`g hjk|g/ogivnkigf ihvnkiha hif tzk|nienha tkane~ bkhau! v`g ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv

u~uvgo ni Hi I`ki Fnuvznev `hu vk jg notzk|gf) V`g tgzegivhbg kl rhuvg ewzzgiva~ ekaagevgf `hu

vk jg niezghugf ni kzfgz vk tzg|giv tkaawvnki v`zkwb` naagbha fwotnib) V`g rhuvg |kawogu vk jg

fnutkugf kl u`kwaf jg oninonugf! unieg rnv` v`g fnutkuha kl rhuvg ohi~ wuglwa ohvgznhau hzg akuv!

lkz v`g uhog zghuki zge~eanib hif zgwug u`kwaf jg giekwzhbgf) Unieg v`g gpnuvnib fwotunvgu

rnv`ni v`g Fnuvznev `h|g h igbhvn|g nothev ki v`g xwhanv~ kl rhvgz! hnz hif ukna! oghuwzgu owuv jg

vhcgi vk zgfweg v`g `hzolwa gi|nzkiogivha nothev ehwugf j~ v`gug unvgu)




Kjmgevn|g ik) := Giuwzg v`g uhlg ohihbgogiv kl `ghavèhzg znuc rhuvg hif oninonug haa lkzou

kl tkaawvnki lzko nifwuvznha rhuvg

Vhzbgvu hnonib hv v`g uhlg ohihbgogiv kl `ghavèhzg znuc rhuvg hif oninonunib tkaawvnki lzko

nifwuvznha rhuvg hzg=

J~ v`g ~ghz :4:4! haa rhuvg lzko uohaa! ogfnwo hif ahzbg nifwuvzngu owuv jg vzhiutkzvgf

vk ahiflnaa(u. httzk|gf j~ v`g Fnuvznev hwv`kznvngu)

@h}hzfkwu rhuvg owuv jg ugthzhvgf lzko v`g iki/`h}hzfkwu nifwuvznha rhuvg hif vzghvgf

ni h fgfnehvgf `h}hzfkwu rhuvg vzghvogiv lhenanv~)

J~ :485 haa `ghavèhzg znuc rhuvg bgigzhvgf rnv`ni v`g fnuvznev owuv jg vzghvgf tzktgza~)

8)6) Ewzzgiv Unvwhvnki kl Fkoguvne Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv U~uvgo ni Hi

I`ki Fnuvznev

8)6)8) Rhuvg Ekotkunvnki

Fkoguvne Rhuvg Ekotkunvnki lkz Uvzggv hif Ohzcgv RhuvgV`g fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg ekotkunvnki rhu hiha~ugf hif v`g zguwavu ehi jg lkwif ni v`g Jhuganig

Uwz|g~ lkz v`g fnuvznevu hif ni Ukogzu„ zgtkzv Fguezntvnki hif Ohttnib kl v`g Jnkakbnehaa~

Vzghvhjag Rhuvg Uvzgho ni 6 Fnuvznevu= Hi I`ki! Vh~ Uki! @khn I`ki hif T`w O~ ni Jni` Fni`

Tzk|nieg) V`g zguwavu rgzg wugf vk ehaewahvg v`g h|gzhbg ekotkunvnki kl v`g uvzggv rhuvg hif v`g

ohzcgv rhuvg) V`g zguwavu hzg bn|gi ni v`g ugevnki jgakr)

J f v` f v na f a n l a v 5 v l f vn anf v l aa l fn v n v nv




Hu ekwaf jg gptgevgf! v`g rhuvg lzko rgv ohzcgvu ekivhniu h `nb`gz tgzegivhbg kl kzbhine rhuvg)

Nv nu hivnenthvgf v`hv v`g ekotkunvnki kl v`g rhuvg zgohniu wie`hibgf wivna v`g ~ghz :4:7)

Hbznewavwzha+Lhzo RhuvgEawjzkkv nu h fnughug v`hv hvvhecu tahivu kl v`g owuvhzf lhona~ uwe` hu ehjjhbg! ekaahzfu! chag!

owuvhzf! jzwuuga utzkwvu! zhfnu`! vwzint! zwvhjhbh! ehwanlakrgz! jzkeekan! zhtg! hif ck`azhjn) V`g

eawjzkkv fnughug ehwugu v`g hjikzoha urgaanib kl zkkvu hif keehunkihaa~ ki uvgou jgakr bzkwif!

hif nv nu |gz~ fnllnewav vk gzhfnehvg) V`gzglkzg! v`g tzg|givnki kl v`g fnughug nu guugivnha! hu hi

kwvjzghc nu |gz~ ekuva~ vk lhzogzu k|gz h ahzbg hzgh! hu v`g fnughug nu utzghf j~ v`g rnif hifrhvgz)

H ekooki ehwug kl v`g eawjzkkv fnughug nu v`g jwznha kl lngaf rhuvg! uwe` hu zgohniu kl ehjjhbg

hlvgz `hz|guv hif v`gug ehi ehwug v`g bzkrv` kl v`g eawjzkkv lwibwu wifgzbzkwif hu v`g

|gbgvhjagu fgekotkug) V`g tzhevneg kl jwz~nib uwe` lngaf rhuvg uggou ekooki nu ukog fnuvznevu

rnv`ni Jni` Fni` tzk|nieg8! nv nu notkzvhiv v`hv v`g lhzogzu hzg ohfg hrhzg kl v`g znucu kl

nilgevnki ehwugf j~ v`nu tzhevneg hif v`hv v`g~ hzg vzhnigf vk ohihbg uwe` lngaf rhuvg uhlga~)

8)6):) Gpnuvnib Gxwntogiv! Uvhllnib hif Rhuvg Ekaagevnki Ugz|neg

V`g rhuvg ekaagevnki u~uvgo rhu guvhjanu`gf ni :44< hif ninvnhaa~ v`g FTE fn|nfgf v`g ugz|negu

jgvrggi lkwz ekothingu) Vrk kl v`gug ekothingu lhnagf zhtnfa~ hif v`gnz ugz|neg hzghu (hif

huugvu. rgzg vzhiulgzzgf vk v`g Hi I`ki Wzjhi Rkzcu Ekothi~ rnv`ni v`g Jni` Fni`

Ekktgzhvn|g! uk vkfh~ v`nu ekothi~ ekaagevu lzko jkv` kl v`g ahzbg vkriu! r`gzghu v`g Fhn Vni

Ekothi~ nu zgutkiunjag lkz rhuvg ekaagevnki ni unp ekoowigu (v`zkwb` nvu uwjunfnhz~ v`g I`ki

V`k Ugz|neg hif Fg|gaktogiv Uvkec Ekothi~. hif lkz v`g ktgzhvnki kl v`g fwotunvg)




hif tzk|nunki kl rhuvg ohihbgogiv ugz|negu) V`g rhuvg ekaagevnki ugz|negu jzghc g|gi hif h

tznienthaa~ uggi j~ v`g Ohihbnib Fnzgevkz hu h lwvwzg kttkzvwinv~ hif hu ktginib lkz kjvhninib

kv`gz jwuniguu v`zkwb` v`g FTE)

Fhn Vni Avf) Ekothi~„u rhuvg ekaagevnki ekothi~ nu ehaagf I`ki V`k Ugz|neg hif Fg|gaktogiv

Uvkec Ekothi~) V`nu ekothi~ `hu v`zgg 2 o5

ekothevkz vzwecu v`hv hzg haa 87 ~ghzu kaf) Ghe`

vzwec `hu h ezgr kl kig fzn|gz hif v`zgg rkzcgzu) Hv v`g fwotunvg! h bwhzf nu ki fwv~) V`g kllneg

uvhll ekiunuvu kl vrk heekwivhivu hif kig ohihbgz) V`g ekothi~ ekaagevu rhuvg lzko v`g ln|g

ekoowigu g|gz~ kv`gz fh~) Hu nu v`g ehug lkz v`g vrk vkriu ni Hi I`ki Fnuvznev! v`g rhuvg nu

heewowahvgf ni jhbu v`hv hzg ekaagevgf fnzgeva~ j~ v`g vzwec! v`gzg nu ik ekaagevnki u~uvgo wunib

twu`ehzvu kz kv`gz uwe` fg|negu)

8)6)5) Ewzzgiv Rhuvg Fnutkuha Unvg

Lzko 8>>: vk Kevkjgz :440 v`g vrk `gevhzg T`w Uki fwotunvg rhu ni wugf) Lzko v`g jgbniinib

kl :44> hif vk fhvg! rhuvg `hu jggi vhcgi vk v`g Vzwe Uki fwotunvg) V`nu unvg `hu h vkvha hzgh kl

vrk `gevhzgu! kl r`ne` 8 `gevhzg rhu wugf vk ekiuvzwevnib 6 egaau) Hv tzgugiv v`zgg egaau hzg ni

ktgzhvnki hif kig egaa `hu hazghf~ jggi eakugf) V`g ahiflnaa nu |gz~ utzghf kwv! rnv` hi

httzkpnohvga~ 7 ogvgzu v`nec ah~gz kl rhuvg tahegf ni ghe` egaa) Nl tzktgza~ ohihbgf! v`g

fwotunvg rkwaf `h|g ehthenv~ vk ugz|g v`g ekoowinv~ lkz ukog ~ghzu vk ekog)




V`g igr ahiflnaa ni I`ki V`k ekoowig wifgz ekiuvzwevnki

V`g igr ahiflnaa v`hv nieawfgu h @FTG anigz nu jgnib jwnav ki thzv kl v`g :4 `gevhzg unvg fguvnigf lkz

v`g lwvwzg Fnuvznev uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa (ni Fkib Jni` @hoagv! I`ki V`k Ekoowig! Hi I`ki Fnuvznev.

hif nu gptgevgf vk jg twv nivk ktgzhvnki lzko :7 Mwig :488)5

Nv nu tahiigf vk ekiuvzwev > egaau ni

v`nu ahiflnaa! kl r`ne` 8 egaa rnaa zgegn|g nifwuvznha ukanf rhuvgu hif kv`gz 0 egaau rnaa zgegn|g

fkoguvne ukanf rhuvgu) Ni h|gzhbg! hzgh kl ghe` egaa nu 84!444 o:) V`g lnzuv egaa nu ikr ekiuvzwevnib

j~ Fhn Vni` Avf) Ekothi~) Ni hffnvnki! nv nu tahiigf vk niuvhaa 8 nienigzhvkz lkz nienigzhvnib `kutnvha

rhuvgu ni v`nu ahiflnaa hzgh)

8)6)6) Ewzzgiv Lggu hif Ekuv Zgek|gz~

V`g Hi I`ki Wzjhi Rkzcu Ekothi~ rnv`ni v`g Jni` Fni` Ekktgzhvn|g ekaagevu v`g lggu lzko v`g

rhuvg bgigzhvkzu hif v`g zhvgu lkaakr v`g zgbwahvnki kl Jni` Fni` Tzk|nienha Tgktag Ekoonvvgg

(Fgenunki Ik) :5+:440+XF/WJIF.) V`g ekothi~ uvhvgu v`hv nl v`gzg hzg hi~ tzkjagou rnv`

ekaagevnib v`g lggu! v`g ekothi~ uggcu v`g `gat kl v`g akeha hwv`kznvngu)

V`g I`ki V`k Ugz|neg hif Fg|gaktogiv Uvkec Ekothi~ `hu ekivzhevu rnv` v`g unp ekoowigu

v`hv nv ugz|gu! hu rgaa hu fnzgev ekivzhevu rnv` ahzbgz rhuvg bgigzhvkzu! uwe` hu ue`kkau kz

bk|gziogiv kllnegu) V`g ekivzhevu rnv` v`g ekoowigu hzg jhugf ki h tgzegivhbg kl v`g

` ` af ` n n ` aa n l ` V`




E@HTVGZ :

TAHI LKZ OHIHBGOGIV KL RHUVG VNAA :4:7

:)8) Tahi lkz Ohihbgogiv kl Fkoguvne Rhuvg vnaa :4:7

:)8)8) Fglninvnki kl Fkoguvne Ukanf Rhuvg

Ni Fgezgg Ik) 7>+:442+IĔ/ET nuuwgf j~ \ngvihogug Bk|gziogiv ki Htzna >v` :442! nv nu

gahjkzhvgf v`hv ukanf rhuvgu oghiu rhuvg ni h ukanf lkzo! fnue`hzbgf lzko tzkfwevnki! jwuniguu!

ugz|neg! fhna~ anlg kz kv`gz hevn|nvngu) Ukanf rhuvg nieawfgu kzfnihz~ ukanf rhuvg hif `h}hzfkwu ukanf

rhuvg) Ukanf rhuvg bgigzhvgf ni fhna~/anlg hevn|nvngu kl nifn|nfwhau! `kwug`kafu kz hv twjane tahegu nu

ekaagevn|ga~ zglgzzgf vk hu fhna~/anlg ukanf rhuvg)

Ni v`nu Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi rg rnaa zglgz vk ‑fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg zhv`gz v`hi

fhna~/anlg ukanf rhuvg! r`gzg fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg zglgzu vk v`g rhuvg ekaagevgf j~ v`g akeha

hwv`kznvngu kz v`gnz fgagbhvgf ekieguunkihnzgu kz ekivzhevkzu) Fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg nu `gieg

fglnigu hu hi~ bhzjhbg! zglwug lzko `kwug`kaf cnve`giu! ehivggiu! ohzcgvu! zgunfgiegu!

ekoogzeg! nifwuvzngu kz kv`gz ukwzegu! gpegtv lkz ukanf rhuvg bgigzhvnki lzko nifwuvznhatzkfwevnki tzkeguugu! `ghav` ehzg hevn|nvngu hif ekiuvzwevnki) @gieg! fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg nu h

onpvwzg kl |hznkwu rhuvg uvzghou hif nvu ekotkunvnki rnaa jg fgtgifgiv ki r`hv ukwzegu

(`kwunib! u`ktu! nifwuvzngu! gve). hzg tzk|nfgf rnv` ugz|negu j~ v`g akeha hwv`kznvngu6)

V`wu nv owuv jg wifgzuvkkf v`hv ‑fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg‟ nu v`g rhuvg ekaagevgf j~ v`g akeha

hwv`kznvngu kz v`gnz hbgivu hif v`hv v`g rhuvg ekotkunvnki rnaa jg fgtgifgiv ki r`gzg v`g

bhzjhbg vzwec ekaagevu rhuvg)




Lnb) :)8 Niezghugf tktwahvnki ni Hi I`ki fnuvznev rnv`ni v`g uvzhvgb~ tgznkf)

Rnv`ni Jni` Fni` Tzk|nieg hu ni \ngviho hu h r`kag! v`g h|hnahjnanv~ kl zganhjag fhvh ki rhuvg

tzkfwevnki nu anonvgf) Jhugf ki v`g Tzk|nieg Ukanf Rhuvg Ohuvgz Tahi lkz Jni` Fni` Tzk|nieg v`g

rhuvg bgigzhvnki zhvgu hzg vhcgi hu lkaakru=

En n l c NNN , N\ 4 > c + +f

/

74)444

844)444

874)444

:44)444

:74)444

T k t

w a h v n k i n i H i I ` k i f n u v z n e v

^ghz

Vkriu Ekoowigu Hi I`ki fnuvznev




Kl v`g zgohninib rhuvg! nv nu gptgevgf v`hv j~ v`g ~ghz :487! 24' rnaa jg ekaagevgf ni Jni` Fni`

hif Fht Fh vkriu) Haa kv`gz ekoowigu hzg gptgevgf vk `h|g h ekaagevnki zhvg kl 54' ni :487) J~

:4:4! v`g ekaagevnki zhvg rnaa jg 04' ni v`g vrk vkriu hif 64' ni v`g ekoowigu) V`g ekaagevnkizhvgu hzg gptgevgf vk lwzv`gz niezghug vk 74' j~ :4:7 ni v`g ekoowigu) @gieg v`g rhuvg

ekaagevnki zhvg rnaa bzhfwhaa~ niezghug hu u`kri ni v`g vhjagu hif hu naawuvzhvgf ni Lnb) :):)

Lnb) :): Niezghugf fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg ekaagevnki zhvgu rnv`ni v`g uvzhvgb~ tgznkf)

/

84!44

:4!44

54!44

64!44

74!44

<4!44

24!44

04!44

>4!44

F U R E

k a a g e v n k i z h v g ( ' .

^ghz

Vkriu Ekoowigu Hi I`ki fnuvznev




ugthzhvga~! uvkzgf ni v`g ohzcgv„u rhuvg uvkzhbg hzgh wivna nv ehi jg vhcgi vk v`g ekotkuvnib unvg)

Kig kl ohi~ tkuunjag vgeìkakbngu! wunib v`g Vktvgp!0

nu fgueznjgf ni v`g lkaakrnib=

V`nu jhune okfga! lkewunib ki egivzhan}gf ekaagevnki hif ekotkuvnib kl kzbhine rhuvg! nu uggi haa

k|gz v`g rkzaf) Ohvgznhau vk jg ekotkuvgf oh~ |hz~ lzko ugthzhvgf kzbhine rhuvg lzko

`kwug`kafu! vk rgv ohzcgv rhuvg hif g|gi v`g ukanf lzhevnki kl hinoha ohiwzg) Ukogvnogu

kzbhine hffnvnkiu uwe` hu uvzhr oh~ jg iggfgf vk huuwzg uwllnengiv tkzkunv~! fz~ ohvvgz ekivgiv

hif vk hfmwuv v`g ehzjki vk invzkbgi zhvnk)

H Vktvgp laggeg haakru rhvgz |htkwz (hif bhugu. vk jg zgaghugf lzko v`g ekotkuv `ght! ~gv

h|knfnib givzhieg kl zhni rhvgz ni v`g `ght) Fwg vk v`g akrgz bhu gonuunki! v`nu nu hauk v`g okuvgi|nzkiogivhaa~ lzngifa~ ekotkuvnib vgeìnxwg) V`g tzkeguu kl ekotkuvnib nu lhnza~ unotag! jwv

ukog gptgzngieg rnaa jg iggfgf ohcg bkkf xwhanv~ ekotkuv) Ni u`kzv! kzbhine rhuvg nu u`zgffgf!

twv ni `ghtu hif ek|gzgf j~ Vktvgp laggeg) Vk haakr uwllnengiv hnz vk givgz v`g `ghtu! vwzinib nu

igeguuhz~) V`nu ehi jg fkig ohiwhaa~ kz j~ ohe`nigu) Hlvgz hjkwv 67 fh~u! v`g ekotkuv nu ung|gf

hif jhbbgf)

@kwug`kafu

@kwug`kafu ehi hauk vzghv v`gnz kzbhine rhuvg vk tzkfweg ekotkuv kz kv`gz tzkfwevu (ugg jgakr.)

V`gzglkzg! `kwug`kafu u`kwaf jg giekwzhbgf vk ugthzhvg lkkf zglwug lkz ekotkuvnib! hu rgaa hu

ugthzhvnib |hawhjag ohvgznhau lkz ugaanib vk zge~eanib u`ktu) V`gi kia~ iki/zge~eahjag ohvgznhau

rnaa `h|g vk jg ekaagevgf j~ v`g rhuvg ekaagevnki ekothi~! v`gzgj~ bzghva~ zgfwenib v`g rhuvg

ohihbgogiv ekuvu lkz v`g fnuvznev! vkri hif+kz ekoowig) Kl ekwzug v`nu ktvnki nu kia~ lghunjag nl

`kwug`kafu hzg rnaanib vk fk uk! kv`gzrnug v`g rhuvg rnaa jg h onpvwzg kl kzbhine hif kv`gz rhuvg)

V`gzglkzg! hrhzgiguu zhnunib hif gfwehvnki rnaa jg zgxwnzgf vk ohcg v`g vrk lkaakrnib

vgeìkakbngu tktwahz>=




• LKZ V@G JNIU V@HV V@GZG RGZG IK AHZ\HG! V@G FGEKOTKUNVNKI RHU KIA^ :4' / 54' (OKUV KL V@G RHUVG RHU

BHZFGI RHUVG HIF TNB LHGEGU.)

Ogukt`nane jni

Rhuvg v`hv ehi jg tahegf ni v`g jni nieawfgu lkkf tzgthzhvnki rhuvg! vhjag uezhtu! utgiv

jkwxwgvu kl lakrgzu hif uohaa hokwivu kl bhzfgi rhuvg) H `kwug`kaf jniu onb`v zgegn|g 5 cb„u kl

rhuvg tgz fh~) V`g uohaa anf nu ktgigf hif v`g rhuvg nu v`zkri ni v`g jni) Ogukt`nane jhevgznh hif

lwibn zgxwnzg kp~bgi) V`hv nu r`~ v`g unfgu kl v`g jni `h|g hgzhvnki `kagu) Jwv v`gug `kagu hzg ikv

gikwb` vk cggt v`g ekivgivu kl v`g jni lwaa~ hgzhvgf) H egzvhni hokwiv kl uvnzznib nu zgxwnzgf) Nv nuzgekoogifgf vk uvnz kieg h rggc) Rnv`kwv uwllnengiv uvnzznib! lkwa kfkwzu hzg ezghvgf) Kieg h

~ghz! v`g jni iggfu vk jg eaghigf kwv) V`nu nu v`g kia~ vnog v`hv v`g ahzbg anf iggfu vk jg ktgigf)

V`g ekivgivu kl v`g uvkzhbg jniu ehi jg ekaagevgf! u`zgffgf hif v`gi zkwvgf vk ekotkuvnib

ktgzhvnkiu wunib Vktvgp! ugg v`g tzg|nkwu ugevnki lkz h fguezntvnki)

H ugekif okfga nu ktgzhvgf j~ rhuvg ekaagevkzu kz ueh|gibgzu) V`gug ekaagev kzbhine rhuvg hif

wug nv lkz h ktgzhvnib h uohaa ekoogzenha jahec ukafngz la~ (JUL. ahz|hg tzkfwevnki) Ni v`nu okfga!

` aa f f ` j l f a `




Ekaagevnki kl Ukanf Rhuvg lzko @kwug`kafu ni Vkriu

Rhuvg ekaagevnki okfg lkz `kwug`kafu hakib ohni zkhfu ni vkri+uwj/vkriLkz rhuvg ekaagevnki ni vkriu! r`gzg v`g `kwug`kafu hzg eakug vk ghe` kv`gz! ‑fkkz vk fkkz‟

ekaagevnki okfg rnv` uvhvnkihz~ ekivhnigz u~uvgo nu uvzkib zgekoogifgf) Rhuvg ekaagevkzu rnaa

uvhzv rnv` gotv~ twuèhzv lzko v`g lnzuv `kwug kl h ekaagevnki zkwvg vk tnec wt rhuvg jhb+jhucgv!

gotv~ nv hif zgvwzi v`g jhb+jhucgv vk v`g `kwug (nl igeguuhz~. hif v`gi ekivniwg fknib v`g uhog

hv v`g igpv `kwugu wivna twuèhzv nu lwaa~ akhfgf) Rhuvg ekaagevkzu rnaa twu` v`g akhfgf twuèhzv vk

h rhuvg vzhiulgz tkniv! rhnvnib lkz gotv~nib nv nivk rhuvg vzhiutkzvhvnki |g`neagu) V`g rhuvg

ekaagevkzu ehi gnv`gz wug h ugekif twuèhzv vk ekivniwg ekaagevnib rhuvg lzko hikv`gz zkwvg kz

v`g~ rnaa `h|g vk rhnv lkz v`g vzhiulgz kl rhuvg vk v`g vzhiutkzvhvnki |g`neag) V`nu rnaa fgtgif kiv`g iwojgz kl twuèhzvu h|hnahjag) Rhuvg ekaagevnki okfg lkz `kwug`kafu akehvgf hakib ohni

zkhfu nu naawuvzhvgf ni Lnb) :)5) Ni v`nu hzgh! rhuvg lzko `kwug`kafu rnaa jg ekaagevgf g|gz~ fh~)

Vnog kl ekaagevnki rnaa jg ugv wt fgtgifnib wt hbzggogiv jgvrggi `kwug`kafu hif rhuvg

ekaagevkzu hif v`g vnog kl vzhiulgzznib rhuvg lzko v`g twuèhzvu vk v`g vzhiutkzvhvnki |g`neagu)

l

Vzhiulgz

tkniv

@kwug 8 @kwug : @kwug 5 @kwug 6 @kwug i

@kwug

8„

…))

Igpv ekaagevnki

zkwvg

Akhfgf

twuèhzv

Gotv~

twuèhzvTwuèhzv

akehvnki




Lnb) :)6 Rhuvg ekaagevnki okfg lkz zwzha hzghu kl h ekoowig)

Lkz uehvvgzgf ugvvagogivu hif nukahvgf `kwug`kafu! `kwug`kafu owuv jznib v`gnz rhuvg vk

jniu+ekivhnigzu akehvgf hakib v`g (ohni. zkhfu)

Ekaagevnki kl Ukanf Rhuvg lzko OhzcgvuG|gz~ ohzcgv bgigzhaa~ `hu h rhuvg uvkzhbg hzgh) Krigzu kl u`ktu+uvkzgu hzg zgutkiunjag lkz

jznibnib v`gnz rhuvgu vk v`nu hzgh) V`g jnkfgbzhfhjag kzbhine ohvgznhau kl v`g ohzcgv rhuvg rnaa

jg ekotkuvgf wunib Vktvgp vgeìkakb~ hif vzghvgf ni jnktkfu! v`gzglkzg nv rnaa jg ugthzhvgf

lzko v`g bgigzha rhuvg hu nv nu tahegf ni v`g ohzcgv„u rhuvg uvkzhbg hzgh) V`g kzbhine rhuvg ehi

v`gi jg vzhiutkzvgf vk v`g ekotkuvnib lhenanv~ kz zgaghugf nivk jnktkfu! r`gzghu v`g iki/

\naahbg vzhiulgztkniv i

Ekoowig+ekoowig

u vzhiulgz tkniv

\naahbg vzhiulgztkniv 8

…))

Igpv ekaagevnkizkwvg

Akhfgf

twuèhzv

Gotv~

twuèhzvTwuèhzv

akehvnki

\naahbg vzhiulgztkniv :




Vhjag :)8 H Uvzgibvù! Rghciguugu! Kttkzvwinvngu! hif V`zghvu (URKV. hiha~unu lkz vzhiulgz

uvhvnki ktvnki=

Uvzgibvù Kttkzvwinvngu

@h|g uwllnengiv taheg lkz bhv`gznib ekaagevgf

fkoguvne ukanf rhuvgu kl v`g r`kag vkri kz

rhzf

‑Kig vzhiulgz uvhvnki ni ghe` ekoowig nu

httzk|gf ni Jni` Fni` Tzk|nieg Ukanf Rhuvg

Ohuvgz Tahi84

Tzg|giv uehvvgz rhuvg vzhiulgz tknivu r`ne`

oh~ ehwug iwnuhieg hif fnzv~

Rghciguugu V`zghvu

Iggf h uvkzhbg hzgh niunfg h zgunfgivnha hzgh

hif nv nu fnllnewav hu ‑ik rhuvg ni o~ jhec~hzf‟

Ktgzhvnkiha ekuv nu zgxwnzgf lkz eaghinib hif

ohnivhninib kl v`g vzhiulgz uvhvnki) Vkri hif

Rhzf TE `hu vk lnif jwfbgv lkz v`hv

Notzktgz ktgzhvnki kl vzhiulgz uvhvnki rnaa

ehwug ug|gzha tzkjagou uwe` hu iwnuhieg!

aghe`hvg! hvvzhevnki kl langu! zhvu! gve)

Notzktgz ktgzhvnki kl v`g vzhiulgz uvhvnki rnaa

ehwug rkzug gi|nzkiogivha tzkjago hu haa

rhuvgu hzg bhv`gzgf ni kig akehvnki

Nl kia~ kig vzhiulgz uvhvnki ni ghe` vkri kz

ekoowigu! rhuvg ekaagevkzu hbhni `h|g vk

rhac lkz h akib fnuvhieg vk zghe` v`g vzhiulgz

uvhvnki

Vhjag :): H Uvzgibvù! Rghciguugu! Kttkzvwinvngu! hif V`zghvu (URKV. hiha~unu lkz zgifg}|kwu

tkniv ktvnki




uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa lkz fnutkuha) Ekothevkz vzwecu hzg zgekoogifgf zhv`gz v`hi ikzoha vzwecu lkz

ug|gzha zghukiu=

V`g ekothevkz vzwec rnaa `h|g h `~fzhwane anlv! uk v`hv v`g rhuvg ehi jg vzhiulgzzgf lzko jniu!

ekivhnigzu hif twu`ehzvu nivk v`g vzwec oge`hinehaa~) R`gi wunib h lahvjgf vzwec! v`g vzhiulgz

kl rhuvg owuv jg fkig ohiwhaa~ hif v`nu nu vnog ekiuwonib3

V`g akibgz akhfnib vnog r`gi wunib h ikzoha vzwec rnaa niezghug v`g vnog zgxwnzgogiv lkz

ekotagvnib 8 vznt kl ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzvhvnki kl rhuvg vk v`g ahiflnaa) Hu h zguwav lgrgz

vzntu ehi jg fkig j~ kig vzwec ni h fh~ hif v`gzglkzg nv nu igeguuhz~ vk ni|guv ni h `nb`gz

iwojgz kl vzwecu3 hif

H lahvjgf vzwec owuv jg akhfgf ohiwhaa~! zgxwnznib okzg rkzcgzu hif gptkunib v`gug vkwi`~bngine rkzcnib ekifnvnkiu)

Vzhiutkzvhvnki okfg kl fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg ni v`g fnuvznev nu naawuvzhvgf ni Lnb) :)7)

Gotv~

ekothevkz vzwec

…)) Ohzcgv(Zgifg}|kwu tkniv 8.

@kutnvha(Zgifg}|kwu tkniv :.

Rhzf zgifg}|kwutkniv 5

Rhzf zgifg}|kwu

tkniv iBhzjhbg

ekothevkz vzwec




Xwhivnv~ kl Rhuvg vk Ahiflnaa :488 ― :4:7V`g xwhivnv~ kl rhuvg lkz ahiflnaa nu ehaewahvgf hu lkaakru=

RAhiflnaa ? (Rvkvha ― Rvkvha - Zzge~eagf ― Rvkvha - Zekotkuvgf. - Zekaagevnki - (8)44 / Zzge~eagf hv AL.

R`gzg= RAhiflnaa = xwhivnv~ kl rhuvg vzhiutkzvgf vk ahiflnaa

Rvkvha = vkvha xwhivnv~ kl rhuvg bgigzhvgf

Zzge~eagf= zhvg kl rhuvg ukaf lkz zge~eanib

Zekotkuvgf= zhvg kl rhuvg vzghvgf+ekotkuvgf hv ukwzeg

Zekaagevnki= zhvg kl ekaagevnki! ni tgzegivhbg

Zzge~eagf hv AL tgzegivhbg zge~eagf hv v`g ahiflnaa

V`g huuwotvnkiu lkaakrnib fgueznjgf ni ugevnki :)8): rgzg gotak~gf r`gi ehaewahvnib v`g

xwhivnv~ kl rhuvg v`hv `hu vk jg ahiflnaagf g|gz~ ~ghz) Jhugf ki v`gug huuwotvnkiu! v`g

ehaewahvnkiu zguwav ni v`g lkaakrnib lakru kl rhuvg! nieawfnib v`g hiiwha xwhivnv~ kl rhuvg bknib vk

ahiflnaa hu u`kri ni vhjag :)5)

Vhjag :)5 Vkvha hokwiv kl rhuvg vk ahiflnaa :48: / :4:7

^ghz

Xwhivnv~ Bgigzhvgf

Tgzegivhbg

Zge~eagf

hv ukwzeg

Xwhivnv~ Zge~eagf hv

ukwzeg

Zgohninib hlvgz

Zge~eagf hv ukwzeg

Tgzegivhbg

Ekaagevgf

hif

Vzghvgf hv

Ahiflnaa

Xwhivnv~ Ekaagevgf

hif Vzghvgf hv

Ahiflnaa




:)8)2) Fnuvznev Uhinvhz~ Ahiflnaa

Vk jwnaf h uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa lkz v`g fnuvznev nu ni hbzggogiv rnv` v`g Tzk|nieg Ukanf Rhuvg Ohuvgz

Tahi) V`g uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa rnaa ni v`nu ehug rnaa jg ni ekotanhieg rnv` ewzzgiv ihvnkiha uvhifhzfu huzgxwnzgf! n)g) rnv` hi notgzoghjag jkvvko ah~gz! h fzhnihbg lkz uwzlheg uvkzo rhvgz zwikll! h

aghe`hvg ekaagevnki hif vzghvogiv u~uvgo! h ahiflnaa bhu ekaagevnki hif vzghvogiv u~uvgo! wug

rhuvg ekothevnib hif h zgbwahz ukna ek|gz! zgbwahz gi|nzkiogivha okinvkznib! hif uk lkzv`) V`nu nu

v`g ukawvnki lh|kwzgf j~ v`g Fnuvznev„u Tgktag„u Ekoonvvgg)

Bn|gi v`g lnihienha hf|hivhbgu! nv nu tzktkugf vk jg jwnav hif u`hzgf rnv` kv`gz fnuvznev(u. kz thzvu

kl v`go! tzglgzhja~ rnv` Vh~ Uki (hif+kz T`w Ehv! Vw~ T`wke hif \hi Ehi`.) V`hv rh~! nv nu

lkzguggi v`hv ikv kia~ jkv` v`g ekiuvzwevnki hif ktgzhvnkiha ehi jg oninonugf (fwg vk v`g

gekiko~/kl/uehag tznientag.! jwv hauk h akv kl ahif ehi jg uh|gf hif hu thzva~ h zguwav! v`g k|gzhaa

gi|nzkiogivha (igbhvn|g. nothevu rnaa jg zgfwegf hu h unibag ahiflnaa ugz|gu h ahzbg hzgh)

Lwzv`gzokzg! v`nu uegihznk ekwaf ohcg egzvhni ktvnkiu okzg tzhevnehjag! lkz gphotag v`g

zgek|gz~ hif zg/wug kl ahiflnaa bhu vk ohcg gigzb~ nu kia~ |nhjag r`gi ahzbg xwhivnvngu kl rhuvg

hzg h|hnahjag) V`g ahiflnaa bhu zgek|gz~ ehi zgfweg v`g gonuunki kl bzggi`kwug bhugu hif aghf vk h

igv niekog v`zkwb` v`g Eaghi Fg|gaktogiv Oge`hinuo (EFO.)8:

Ni tzhevneg! v`g Hi I`ki Fnuvznev nu kl v`g ktninki v`hv nv rkwaf jg fnllnewav vk u`hzg h uhinvhz~

ahiflnaa rnv` hikv`gz Fnuvznev! fwg vk v`g vzhiutkzvhvnki fnuvhiegu hif v`g hfoninuvzhvn|g

fnllnewavngu uwe` h ukawvnki rkwaf ehwug) V`g Fnuvznev `hu uvhvgf v`hv nv nu rnaanib vk u`hzg h uhinvhz~

ahiflnaa rnv` hikv`gz Fnuvznev! nl v`nu nu jhugf ki h fgenunki j~ v`g TTE) V`g tkuunjnanv~ nu nieawfgf

`gzg vk u`kr v`g zgahvn|ga~ akrgz ekuvu kl v`nu ktvnki)

:):) Tahi lkz Ohihbgogiv kl Nifwuvznha Rhuvg vnaa :4:7




Ohiwlhevwzg kl gagevzneha ohe`nigz~! htthzhvwu! httanhiegu hif uwttangu

Ohiwlhevwzg kl vzhiutkzv gxwntogiv

Vgpvnagu hif bhzogivu

V`gug ehvgbkzngu kl nifwuvzngu rnaa ghe` bgigzhvg v`gnz thzvnewahz nifwuvznha rhuvg! r`gzg v`g

rhuvg e`hzhevgznuvneu rnaa jg fgtgifgiv ki v`g nifwuvznha tzkfwevnki tzkeguu) V`g rhuvgu hzg

klvgi ekotagp hif `gvgzkbgigkwu zhibnib lzko nigzv nikzbhine rhuvg (uwe` hu onigzha! gagevzkine

hif ogvha rhuvg. vk kzbhine rhuvg (uwe` hu tahuvneu hif lkkfuvwllu.)

Nifwuvznha rhuvg nu v`g rhuvg bgigzhvgf j~ v`g nifwuvz~„u tzkfwevnki! hu ehi jg nvgou uwe` hu

onigzha! gagevzkine hif ogvha rhuvg! lnavgz ehcgu! tahuvneu! zhr ohvgznha rhuvhbg! kll/utgetzkfwevu! lakkz urggtnibu! zhbu! thechbnib! gve)3 uk akib hu v`gug fk ikv lhaa wifgz v`g OKIZG„u

fglninvnki kl h `h}hzfkwu rhuvg

Ni hffnvnki vk v`g nifwuvznha rhuvg bgigzhvgf! v`g nifwuvzngu rnaa hauk bgigzhvg h un}ghjag hokwiv

kl bgigzha rhuvg) V`nu ahvvgz rhuvg nu ekooki vk haa nifwuvzngu hif nieawfgu thechbnib! kllneg hif

ehivggi rhuvg) Ukog kl v`nu rhuvg (g)b) thechbnib. nu klvgi ukaf lkz zge~eanib hif v`g zgohnigf kl

v`nu rhuvg nu wuwhaa~ `hifagf hu fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg)

V`g vgzo ‑@h}hzfkwu Rhuvg‟ httangu vk vkpne hif `h}hzfkwu rhuvg) V`gug hzg fglnigf hu rhuvgu

ekivhninib ekotkigivu v`hv hzg vkpne! zhfnkhevn|g! nilahoohjag! gptakun|g! hjzhun|g! ekivhbnkwu!

tknukikwu kz `hzolwa)85 \ngviho„u Ihvnkiha Vge`ineha Zgbwahvnki ki @h}hzfkwu Rhuvg V`zgu`kafu

(XE\I 42=:44>+JVIOV. ugvu v`g uvhifhzf lkz `h}hzfkwu rhuvg v`zgu`kafu hif nu wugf vk

nifgivnl~ rhuvgu v`hv oh~ jg ekiunfgzgf `h}hzfkwu) V`gug vge`ineha zgbwahvnkiu eaghza~ fgueznjg

v`g ahjkzhvkz~ ogv`kfu v`hv owuv jg wugf lkz hiha~unu kl rhuvg vk fgvgzonig r`gv`gz nv nu h




Bk Kn @ki Aht Nifwuvznha Tkniv v`hv keewtngu 2 `gevhzgu3

Bk Uki I`ki Vhi Nifwuvznha Eawuvgz v`hv keewtngu :< `gevhzgu

I`ki @kh Nifwuvznha Eawuvgz v`hv vhcgu wt 84 `gevhzgu I`ki @kh Nifwuvznha Thzc v`hv keewtngu :2: `gevhzgu

V`g tzk|nienha an|guvkec egivzg v`hv keewtngu 876 `gevhzgu3

V`g I`ki V`k ekoowig an|guvkec egivzg v`hv keewtngu 8: `gevhzgu hif nu wifgz

ekiuvzwevnki3 hif

Fkn @kh Uki Nifwuvznha Eawuvgz nu wifgz ekiuvzwevnki hif rnaa keewt~ 64 `gevhzgu)

Lwzv`gzokzg! v`gzg hzg ukog okzg rkkf tzkeguunib givgztznugu hif uvkig tzkeguunib givgztznugu

ni ktgzhvnki ni Hi I`ki kwvunfg v`g nifwuvznha eawuvgzu) V`g Fnuvznev hauk `hu hjkwv :7 ezhlv

|naahbgu) Lnihaa~! v`g I`ki @kh Nifwuvznha ]kig nu wifgz ekiuvzwevnki) V`nu rnaa jg h ahzbg guvhvg kl

httzkpnohvga~ :44 `gevhzgu r`gzg v`gzg rnaa jg hbzk/lkzguvz~ tzkeguunib! ohiwlhevwzg kl

ekiuwogz bkkfu hif ukog vzhiunv rhzg`kwugu)

V`g Nifwuvznha ]kig Ohihbgogiv Jkhzf tgzlkzou zgbwahz niutgevnkiu kl haa v`g givgztznugu) Hv

tzgugiv v`g bgigzha rhuvg nu ekaagevgf lzko hjkwv 64' kl v`g nifwuvzngu3 v`nu ekiunuvu kl rhuvg

lzko ehivggiu! kllnegu hif uk lkzv`) V`nu bgigzha rhuvg nu nieawfgf ni v`g iwojgzu lkz fkoguvne

ukanf rhuvg ni ugevnki :)8):) V`g zgohninib <4' kl ekothingu bgigzhaa~ jwzi hif jwz~ v`gnz rhuvg

rnv`ni v`gnz tzgonugu)

V`g ekiuwavhiv lkwif v`hv v`g fnutkuha kl ekivhnigzu v`hv `h|g `gaf tguvnenfgu rhu h tzkjago

v`zkwb`kwv v`g tzk|nieg) Ukog Fnuvznevu `h|g jwnav jkpgu ni v`g lngafu! rnv` v`g nivgivnki v`hv v`g

lhzogzu u`kwaf taheg v`gnz tguvnenfg rhuvg ni v`gug jkpgu) V`nu u~uvgo fnf ikv rkzc! hu v`g

lhzogzu fnf ikv wug v`g jkpgu hif ekivniwg vk fwot v`g ekivhnigzu ki v`gnz ahif) Ukog Fnuvznevu




Nifwuvzngu lzgxwgiva~ `h|g ahzbg hokwivu kl zhr ohvgznhau v`hv hzg rhuvgf fwznib v`g

ohiwlhevwznib tzkeguu3 ancgrnug ukog nifwuvzngu `h|g h unbinlnehiv tgzegivhbg kl tzkfwevu v`hv fk

ikv oggv v`g utgenlnehvnkiu) Jkv` v`g rhuvgf zhr ohvgznhau! hu rgaa hu ‑kll /utge‟ tzkfwevu hzgklvgi fnuehzfgf ki/unvg! hu v`nu nu hi nigptgiun|g ukawvnki) Ekookia~ zgwunib v`gug ohvgznhau ni

v`g tzkfwevnki ohcgu bkkf gekikone ugiug! hu nv zgfwegu v`g ekothi~„u ekuvu lkz zhr ohvgznhau

tgz winv tzkfwev) Jgvvgz wvnanuhvnki kl zhr ohvgznhau! hu rgaa hu kv`gz zgukwzegu uwe` hu rhvgz!

u`kwaf jg giekwzhbgf)

Ukog nifwuvznha `h}hzfkwu rhuvg nu hauk zge~eagf hv v`g okogiv! v`nu nieawfgu rhuvg knau hif

rhuvg awjznehivu v`hv hzg ewzzgiva~ ukaf vk zge~eagzu hif wugf hu h lwga! klvgi ni jznec cnaiu) Ni v`g

akibgz vgzo3 kieg v`gzg nu h fgfnehvgf `h}hzfkwu rhuvg vzghvogiv lhenanv~ rnv`ni v`g zgbnki! v`nutzhevneg u`kwaf jg fnuekivniwgf hif v`g `h}hzfkwu rhuvg knau hif awjznehivu u`kwaf jg vzghvgf hv

h utgenhanugf lhenanv~)

:):)6) Tzgugiv hif lwvwzg xwhivnvngu kl Nifwuvznha Rhuvg

Hv tzgugiv v`nu rhuvg uvzgho nu ikv uwllnengiva~ zgbwahvgf! uk v`gzg nu ik zghfna~ h|hnahjag fhvh ki

v`g iwojgz kl rhuvg bgigzhvkzu! v`g ihvwzg kl v`g rhuvgu! v`gnz xwhivnv~ kz r`gzg v`g~ hzg

ewzzgiva~ jgnib fnutkugf) V`g Tzk|nienhau Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi fkgu uvhvg v`hv ‑V`g

nifwuvznha UR ekaagevnki ni v`g fnuvznev hzgh `hu ikv ewzzgiva~ ohihbgf! uk v`gzg `hu ikv jggi hi~utgenlne lnbwzg ki v`g vkvha hokwiv kl UR bgigzhvgf ni v`g fnuvznev)‟ Ki v`g kv`gz `hif v`g tahi

fkgu tzgfnev v`hv 74 vkiigu tgz fh~ rnaa jg bgigzhvgf ni :487 hif 2: vkiigu tgz fh~ ni :4:4) Kl

v`gug rhuvg uvzghou ni :4:48<

72' rgzg zge~eagf kz zgwugf3 :>' nu ‑`h}hzfkwu‟ rhuvg3 hif v`g

zgohninib 86' hzg ‑iki/`h}hzfkwu‟ rhuvg) Eaghza~! v`g :>' owuv jg okuva~ nifwuvznha rhuvgu)

Bn|gi v`hv v`gzg hzg ik ewzzgiv lnbwzgu lkz v`g rhuvg hznunibu! v`g tzgfnevnkiu lkz :487 hif :4:4

owuv jg huukenhvgf rnv` h `nb` fgbzgg kl wiegzvhniv~) Nv nu notkzvhiv lkz v`g Fnuvznev vk kjvhni h

jgvvgz cikragfbg kl gpheva~ `kr owe` hif r`hv v~tgu kl rhuvg hzg bgigzhvgf j~ v`g nifwuvznha




tzkfwevnki kz ohiwlhevwznib tzkeguu3 v`nu ehi jg ekivhonihvgf zhr ohvgznhau! rhuvhbg lzko v`g

tzkfwevnki tzkeguu hif+kz kll/utge tzkfwevu) Kv`gz h un}ghjag tgzegivhbg kl v`gug ohvgznhau ehi

jg zgwugf (gutgenhaa~ nl v`g havgzihvn|g nu vk th~ vk fnutkug kl v`go.) Ancgrnug! ukog rhuvg ehi jg(hif nu hazghf~. zgwugf! lkz gphotag rkkf rhuvg hif uhrfwuv lzko rkkf ohiwlhevwznib

nifwuvzngu nu klvgi zgwugf hu h ukwzeg kl gigzb~)

Ihvwzhaa~! okuv nifwuvzngu rnaa `h|g ukog rhuvg v`hv nu ikv bgigzha rhuvg) V`g nifwuvz~ nu

gptgevgf vk giuwzg v`hv v`nu rhuvg nu vzhiutkzvgf j~ h anegiugf vzhiutkzvgz vk hi httzk|gf unvg

r`gzg nv ehi jg vzghvgf hif fnutkugf kl) Owe` kl v`g ohiwlhevwznib rhuvg lzko nifwuvzngu ehi

oggv v`g heegtvhieg eznvgznh kl ahiflnaau hif ehi v`gzglkzg jg vzhiutkzvgf vk ahiflnaau) V`nu

zgxwnzgu v`hv v`g ohiwlhevwznib rhuvg nu ikv ekivhonihvgf rnv` `h}hzfkwu rhuvg (ni r`ne` ehugv`g r`kag jhve` kl rhuvg rnaa klvgi jg ekiunfgzgf hu `h}hzfkwu rhuvg.) V`gzglkzg! nifwuvzngu

owuv `h|g bkkf `kwugcggtnib vk cggt iki/`h}hzfkwu hif `h}hzfkwu rhuvg ugthzhvg)

Lnihaa~! v`gzg hzg ukog rhuvgu v`hv hzg `h}hzfkwu rhuvgu hif v`hv zgxwnzg utgenha vzghvogiv) V`nu

httangu vk ohvgznhau uwe` hu rhuvg uka|givu! rhuvg knau hif utgiv tahvnib jhv`u) @gzg v`g

givgztznug owuv lkaakr v`g zgxwnzgogivu kl v`g Ahr ki Gi|nzkiogivha Tzkvgevnki kl :447

zgbhzfnib v`g `hifanib! uvkzhbg! vzhiutkzvhvnki hif vzghvogiv kl v`gug ohvgznhau) Nl `kwugcggtnib

nu bkkf! v`g xwhivnv~ kl `h}hzfkwu rhuvg rnaa jg |gz~ uohaa lkz okuv nifwuvzngu) V`gug rhuvgu owuvjg vzhiutkzvgf vk h `h}hzfkwu rhuvg vzghvogiv lhenanv~ lkz lniha vzghvogiv hif fnutkuha (wiaguu

v`g~ hzg vzghvgf (kz tzg/vzghvgf. ki/unvg! hu nu bgigzhaa~ v`g ehug rnv` anxwnf rhuvgu.)

Vk tzktgza~ ohihbg v`gug rhuvgu! v`kzkwb` vzhninib nu iggfgf! uk v`hv ohihbgzu hif rkzcgzu

rnv`ni givgztznugu hif nifwuvzngu ehi ekzzgeva~ `hifag haa v`g rhuvg v`hv nu bgigzhvgf rnv`ni v`gnz

tzgonugu) V`nu nu jzngla~ fgueznjgf ni v`g lkaakrnib ugevnki hif rnaa jg lwzv`gz fg|gaktgf k|gz v`g

ekonib okiv`u)




hjkwv `kr vk ohihbg nifwuvznha rhuvg) V`g notzk|gogivu ehi jg okinvkzgf ki h okiv` j~

okiv` jhunu oghuwznib v`g rkzcgzu„ `hjnvu zgahvnib vk v`g `hifanib kl nifwuvznha rhuvg)

:)5) Tahi lkz Ohihbgogiv kl @ghavèhzg Znuc Rhuvg

:)5)8) Fglninvnki kl @ghavèhzg Znuc Rhuvg

V`gzg gpnuv |hznkwu fglninvnkiu kl @ghavèhzg Rhuvg ni bgigzha hif @ghavèhzg Znuc Rhuvg ni

thzvnewahz) V`nu zgtkzv! `krg|gz! gotak~u \ngvihogug fglninvnkiu! r`ne` hzg fglnigf ni v`g

Fgenunki Ik) 65+:442+XF/J^V tzkowabhvgf ki 54 Ik|gojgz :442 j~ v`g Oninuvgz kl @ghav`! hif

r`ne` hzg hu lkaakru=

@ghavèhzg Rhuvg (@ER. nu v`g ohvgznha ni gnv`gz ukanf! anxwnf kz bhugkwu lkzo! r`ne` nu

fnue`hzbgf lzko `ghavèhzg lhenanvngu (@ELu. hif r`ne` nieawfgu jkv` `ghavèhzg znuc rhuvg

hif kzfnihz~ rhuvg)

@ghavèhzg Znuc Rhuvg (@EZR. (hauk cikri hu utgenha `ghavèhzg rhuvg kz `h}hzfkwu

`ghavèhzg rhuvg. nu v`g rhuvg ekivhninib `h}hzfkwu gagogivu vk `wohi `ghav` hif v`g

gi|nzkiogiv! uwe` hu nilgevnkwu! vkpne! zhfnkhevn|g! lahoohjag! gptakun|g! ekzzkun|g kz

tkuuguunib kv`gz `h}hzfkwu tzktgzvngu! nl ikv fnutkugf kl tzktgza~

@ghavèhzg rhuvg ohihbgogiv (@ERO. nu v`g ohihbgogiv hevn|nvngu kl v`g rhuvg

bgigzhvnki! tzganonihz~ `hifanib! ekaagevnki! vzhiutkzv! uvkzhbg! zgfwevnki! zgwug!

zge~eanib! vzghvogiv hif fnutkuha kl `ghavèhzg rhuvg hif v`g ekivzka hif uwtgz|nunki kl

notagogivhvnki)

@ghavèhzg rhuvg zgfwevnki nu v`g hevn|nvngu vhcgi ni kzfgz vk oninon}g v`g bgigzhvnki kl

`ghavèhzg rhuvg! nieawfnib zgfwevnki kl `ghavèhzg rhuvg hv ukwzeg! wug kl tzkfwevu v`hv

ehi jg zge~eagf hif+kz zgwugf! bkkf ohihbgogiv hif uvznev ekivzka kl v`g tzhevneha

tzkeguugu hif ekzzgev rhuvg ugbzgbhvnki)




:)5):) Ewzzgiv Unvwhvnki

Hi I`ki `hu h Fnuvznev @kutnvha rnv` 874 jgfu3 wuwhaa~ v`g `kutnvha `kwugu hjkwv ::7 thvngivu)

V`nu nu v`g kia~ ohmkz `ghavèhzg givnv~ rnv`ni v`g Fnuvznev) V`g ukanf rhuvg nu ugthzhvgf niheekzfhieg rnv` v`g OK@ niuvzwevnkiu= Bgigzha ukanf rhuvg nu ekaagevgf j~ v`g bhzjhbg ekaagevnki

ekothi~ hif v`g `ghavèhzg znuc rhuvg nu nienigzhvgf ki/unvg ni h Jnfnt`hz nienigzhvkz lzko :440)

V`g nienigzhvkz„u ehthenv~ nu :4 cb tgz jhve` hif v`g `kutnvha bgigzhvgu 0 vk 84 cnakbzhou tgz fh~

kl `ghavèhzg znuc rhuvg) Kig tzn|hvg eanine `hu h ekivzhev rnv` v`g `kutnvha hif `hu uohaa hokwiv

kl nilgevnkwu rhuvg vzghvgf ni v`g `kutnvha„u nienigzhvkz) Jglkzg v`g Jnfnt`hz nienigzhvkz rhu

ktgzhvnkiha! `ghavèhzg znuc rhuvg lzko v`g `kutnvha rhu vzhiutkzvgf vk Xw~ I`ki lkz vzghvogiv)

V`g nienigzhvkz nu ni bkkf ekifnvnki hif ewzzgiva~ jwziu hi h|gzhbg kl > cnakbzhou kl rhuvg tgz

fh~) V`g `ghavèhzg znuc rhuvg lzko ekoowig `ghav` uvhvnkiu! tzn|hvg eanineu hif kv`gz

`ghavèhzg tzhevnegu hzg ikv ekaagevgf! v`gug hokwivu zgtzgugiv hjkwv 54' kl v`g vkvha

`ghavèhzg znuc rhuvg xwhivnv~)8>

Uvgtu iggf vk jg vhcgi uk v`hv v`nu rhuvg nu hauk ekaagevgf hif

vzghvgf ni heekzfhieg rnv` v`g Oninuvz~ kl @ghav`„u zgxwnzgogivu)

:)5)5) Lwvwzg Ohihbgogiv kl @ER

V`g ohihbgogiv kl `ghavèhzg znuc rhuvg hv v`g Fnuvznev @kutnvha nu |gz~ tzklguunkiha hif oggvu

v`g \ngvihogug Oninuvz~ kl @ghav` zgxwnzgogivu) V`g uohaa ukwzegu! uwe` hu ekoowig `ghav`

uvhvnkiu kz fkevkz„u kllnegu hzg ikv ewzzgiva~ nieawfgf ni v`g u~uvgo) H tzkbzhoog kl ehthenv~

fg|gaktogiv hif hrhzgiguu zhnunib rnaa jg fg|gaktgf ni ekaahjkzhvnki rnv` v`g akeha `ghav`

hwv`kznvngu vk giuwzg v`hv `ghavèhzg znuc rhuvg lzko uohaa ukwzegu nu hauk tzktgza~ ugbzgbhvgf!

uhlga~ vzhiutkzvgf hif v`gi nienigzhvgf vkbgv`gz rnv` v`g `ghavèhzg znuc rhuvg lzko v`g

`kutnvha) V`g Fnuvznev @kutnvha nienigzhvkz `hu hotag ehthenv~ vk vzghv hi hffnvnkiha 54' kl rhuvg

tgz fh~)




E@HTVGZ 5

VGE@INEHA UKAWVNKIU

5)8 Zgxwnzgogivu vk Uvzggv Urggtnib Gxwntogiv

Gxwntogiv zgxwnzgf lkz uvzggv urggtnib nieawfgu twuèhzvu! jzkkou hif ahjkwz tzkvgevn|g

gxwntogiv (uwe` hu eakv`gu! bak|gu! jkkvu! ekolkzvgzu! `hvu.) Hv aghuv vrk twuèhzvu u`kwaf jg

tzk|nfgf tgz vkri) Uvzggv ni lzkiv kl hfoninuvzhvn|g kllnegu hif ukog ohni zkhfu rnaa jg urgtv ni

ghza~ okzinib) V`g kv`gz hzghu rnaa jg eaghigf ni v`g hlvgzikki) Ghe` twuèhzv rnaa jg ktgzhvgf

j~ kig rkzcgz) V`g anlg vnog kl h twuèhzv nu httzkpnohvga~ 6 ~ghzu) Gxwntogiv fgohif lkz uvzggvurggtnib nu guvnohvgf hif uwoohznugf ni Vhjag 5)8)

Vhjag 5)8 Guvnohvgf gxwntogiv fgohif lkz uvzggv urggtnib wt vk :4:7

^ghz Iwojgz kl twuèhzvu Iwojgz kl jzkkou- Iwojgz kl ahjkwz uhlgv~

eakv`nib--

Fgohif Ni|guvogiv Fgohif Ni|guvogiv Fgohif Ni|guvogiv

:488 : 4 8< 8< 0 0

:48: : : 8< 8< 0 0

:485 : 4 8< 8< 0 0

:486 : 4 8< 8< 0 0

:487 : 4 8< 8< 0 0

:48< : : 8< 8< 0 0

:482 : 4 8< 8< 0 0




ogukt`nane jniu hif v`g zgohniu rnaa jg vzghvgf j~ jnktkfu) Nv nu tahiigf v`hv ghe` jni rnaa jg

u`hzgf j~ : `kwug`kafu) V`wu! hokwiv kl kzbhine rhuvg vk jg vzghvgf ni ghe` ogukt`nane jni kz

jnktkf hv `kwug`kafu ni v`g vkri rnaa jg (4)7: cb+tgzuki+fh~ p 7 tgzuki+`kwug`kaf p :`kwug`kaf ?. 7!: cb+jni+fh~) R`nag ni v`g ekoowigu! ghe` ogukt`nane jni rnaa zgegn|g

httzkpnohvga~ (4)5:7 cb+tgzuki+fh~ p 7 tgzukiu+`kwug`kaf p : `kwug`kafu ?. 5):7

cb+jni+fh~)

/ Ekuv kl Vktvgp ohvgznha nu 54!444 \IF+o:3

/ H ogukt`nane jni rnaa ekuv 574!444 \IF3

/ H tzneg kl v`g jnktkf ohfg kl ekotkunvg nu 8!:44!444 \IF)

/ Vktvgp ehi jg wugf lkz 7 ~ghzu) Ogukt`nane winvu hif jntkfu ehi ahuv lkz 87 ~ghzu)

Vkvha iwojgz kl ekotkuv tnagu! ogukt`nane winvu hif jnktkfu gptgevgf vk jg ni|guvgf lkz Hi

I`ki Fnuvznev nu guvnohvgf hif uwoohzn}gf ni Vhjag 5):) Fnuvznjwvnki kl v`gug kzbhine vzghvogiv

winvu lkz vkriu hif ekoowigu hzg fgueznjgf ni Vhjag 5)5! 5)6! 5)7 hif 5)<) Ni|guvogiv ekuv lkz

kzbhine rhuvg vzghvogiv lhenanvngu kl Hi I`ki nu fgueznjgf ni Vhjag 5)2)

Vhjag 5): Iwojgz kl winvu zgxwnzgf vk vzghv kzbhine rhuvg wunib Vktvgp! ogukt`nane winvu hif

jnktkfu wt vk :4:7:4

^ghz

Iwojgz kl ohzcgv kzbhine

rhuvg vzghvogiv winvu

Iwojgz kl `kwug`kaf kzbhine

rhuvg vzghvogiv winvu

Ekotkuv tnagu Jnktkfu Ogukt`nane jniu Jnktkfu

:48: / / / 4

:485 <7 < 8!26> 705

:486 >0 > :!<75 006




57

Vhjag 5)5 Fgohif ki ekotkuv tnagu wunib Vktvgp lkz Hi I`ki Fnuvznev wt vk :4:7

Ik) Akehanv~Iwojgz kl ekotkuv tnagu

:48: :485 :486 :487 :48< :482 :480 :48> :4:4 :4:8 :4:: :4:5 :4:6 :4:7

8 Jni` Fni` 4 84 87 87 87 8< 8< 8< 8< 8< 82 82 82 82

: Fht Fh 4 > 85 80 80 80 80 8> 8> 8> 8> :4 :4 :45 I`ki O~ 4 6 7 2 2 0 84 84 8: 8: 8: 8: 8: 8:

6 I`ki V`hi` 4 7 0 84 84 84 85 85 8< 8< 82 82 82 82

7 I`ki @hi` 4 5 7 2 2 2 > > 88 88 88 8: 8: 8:

< I`ki @hw 4 6 < > > > 88 88 86 86 86 86 86 87

2 I`ki T`kib 4 5 6 < < < 2 2 > > > > > >

0 I`ki Hi 4 5 7 2 2 2 0 > 84 88 88 88 88 88

> I`ki T`we 4 5 7 2 2 2 > > 88 88 88 88 88 8:

84 I`ki @wib 4 6 < 0 0 0 84 88 85 85 85 85 85 86

88 I`ki C`hi` 4 5 6 < < < 2 2 > > > > > >

8: I`ki Ake 4 5 6 < < < 2 0 > > > 84 84 84

85 I`ki @kh 4 < > 8: 8: 8: 87 87 8> 8> 8> 8> :4 :4

86 I`ki Vhi 4 : 6 7 7 7 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 >

87 I`ki V`k 4 5 6 < < < 2 0 > > > > 84 84

VKVHA / <7 >0 8:2 8:> 854 87< 870 807 802 80> 8>8 8>5 8>7




5<

Vhjag 5)6 Fgohif ki jnktkfu vk vzghv kzbhine rhuvg kl ohzcgvu lkz Hi I`ki Fnuvznev wt vk :4:7

Ik) Akehanv~Iwojgz kl jnktkfu vk vzghv ohzcgv kzbhine rhuvg

:48: :485 :486 :487 :48< :482 :480 :48> :4:4 :4:8 :4:: :4:5 :4:6 :4:7

8 Jni` Fni` 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 : : : : : : :

: Fht Fh 4 8 8 : : : : : : : : : : :5 I`ki O~ 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

6 I`ki V`hi` 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 : : : : : :

7 I`ki @hi` 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

< I`ki @hw 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

2 I`ki T`kib 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

0 I`ki Hi 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

> I`ki T`we 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

84 I`ki @wib 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

88 I`ki C`hi` 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

8: I`ki Ake 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

85 I`ki @kh 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 : : : : : :

86 I`ki Vhi 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

87 I`ki V`k 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

VKVHA / < > 8: 8: 8: 87 87 82 80 80 80 80 80




52

Vhjag 5)7 Fgohif ki ogukt`nane jniu vk vzghv kzbhine rhuvg kl `kwug`kafu lkz Hi I`ki Fnuvznev wt vk :4:7

Ik) Akehanv~Iwojgz kl ogukt`nane jniu vk vzghv `kwug`kaf kzbhine rhuvg

:48: :485 :486 :487 :48< :482 :480 :48> :4:4 :4:8 :4:: :4:5 :4:6 :4:7

8 Jni` Fni` 4 800 :0< :0> :>5 :>< 544 545 54< 584 586 582 5:8 5:7

: Fht Fh 4 8<7 :78 55> 56: 56< 574 576 57> 5<5 5<2 528 52< 5045 I`ki O~ 4 84> 8<7 ::5 ::< ::0 :0> :>: 577 57> 5<5 5<2 528 52<

6 I`ki V`hi` 4 878 ::0 540 58: 587 5>> 645 6>4 6>7 748 742 785 78>

7 I`ki @hi` 4 846 872 :8: :87 :82 :27 :20 552 568 567 56> 575 572

< I`ki @hw 4 8:> 8>7 :<5 :<2 :24 568 567 68> 6:6 6:0 655 650 666

2 I`ki T`kib 4 0: 8:6 8<0 824 82: :82 ::4 :<2 :24 :25 :2< :2> :05

0 I`ki Hi 4 >2 862 8>0 :48 :45 :72 :7> 587 58> 5:: 5:< 554 556

> I`ki T`we 4 84: 877 :4> :8: :86 :28 :26 55: 55< 564 566 560 57:

84 I`ki @wib 4 88> 808 :66 :62 :74 58< 5:4 500 5>5 5>0 64: 642 68:

88 I`ki C`hi` 4 0: 8:7 8<0 824 82: :80 ::8 :<0 :28 :26 :22 :04 :06

8: I`ki Ake 4 0< 854 82< 820 804 ::2 :54 :2> :0: :0< :0> :>: :><

85 I`ki @kh 4 826 :<6 57< 5<4 5<6 6<8 6<< 7<< 72: 72> 70< 7>5 7>>

86 I`ki Vhi 4 27 886 875 877 872 8>0 :48 :66 :62 :6> :7: :77 :70

87 I`ki V`k 4 07 8:> 826 82< 820 ::7 ::0 :22 :04 :05 :02 :>4 :>5

VKVHA / 8!26> :!<75 5!60: 5!7:5 5!7<6 6!566 6!5>6 7!:48 7!:<8 7!5:: 7!506 7!662 7!784




50

Vhjag 5)< Fgohif ki jnktkfu vk vzghv kzbhine rhuvg kl `kwug`kafu lkz Hi I`ki Fnuvznev wt vk :4:7

Ik) Akehanv~Iwojgz kl jnktkfu vk vzghv kzbhine kwug`kaf rhuvg

:48: :485 :486 :487 :48< :482 :480 :48> :4:4 :4:8 :4:: :4:5 :4:6 :4:7

8 Jni` Fni` 4 <5 >7 >< >0 >> 844 848 84: 845 847 84< 842 840

: Fht Fh 4 77 06 885 886 887 882 880 8:4 8:8 8:: 8:6 8:7 8:25 I`ki O~ 4 5< 77 26 27 2< >< >2 880 8:4 8:8 8:: 8:6 8:7

6 I`ki V`hi` 4 74 2< 845 846 847 855 856 8<5 8<7 8<2 8<> 828 825

7 I`ki @hi` 4 57 7: 28 2: 2: >: >5 88: 886 887 88< 880 88>

< I`ki @hw 4 65 <7 00 0> >4 886 887 864 868 865 866 86< 860

2 I`ki T`kib 4 :2 68 7< 72 72 2: 25 0> >4 >8 >: >5 >6

0 I`ki Hi 4 5: 6> << <2 <0 0< 0< 847 84< 842 84> 884 888

> I`ki T`we 4 56 7: 24 28 28 >4 >8 888 88: 885 887 88< 882

84 I`ki @wib 4 64 <4 08 0: 05 847 842 8:> 858 855 856 85< 852

88 I`ki C`hi` 4 :2 6: 7< 72 72 25 26 0> >4 >8 >: >5 >7

8: I`ki Ake 4 :> 65 7> 7> <4 2< 22 >5 >6 >7 >< >2 >>

85 I`ki @kh 4 70 00 88> 8:4 8:8 876 877 80> 8>8 8>5 8>7 8>0 :44

86 I`ki Vhi 4 :7 50 78 7: 7: << <2 08 0: 05 06 07 0<

87 I`ki V`k 4 :0 65 70 7> 7> 27 2< >: >5 >6 >< >2 >0

VKVHA 4 705 006 8!8<8 8!826 8!800 8!660 8!6<7 8!256 8!276 8!226 8!2>7 8!08< 8!052




Vhjag 5)2 Vkvha ni|guvogiv ekuv kl Vktvgp! ogukt`nane winvu hif jnktkfu lkz Hi I`ki Fnuvznev wt

vk :4:7

^ghzIgr ni|guvogiv Ni|guvogiv ekuv (p 8!444 \IF.

Vktvgp (o:. Ogukt`nane jniu Jntkfu Vktvgp Ogukt`nane jniu Jntkfu

:48: / / / / / /

:485 >47 8!26> 70> :2!850 <8:!440 24<!2:8

:486 6<0 >47 547 86!468 58<!<75 5<7!<72

:487 640 0:> :2> 8:!::0 :>4!8<: 556!0><

:48< :8 64 86 <:4 86!850 8<!5:6

:482 :8 68 86 <:2 86!54: 8<!786:480 8!:<2 204 :<: 52!>>< :25!45: 586!>78

:48> 6>5 74 82 86!048 82!<57 :4!57>

:4:4 20: 042 :28 :5!67> :0:!652 5:7!044

:4:8 78 <4 :4 8!78> :8!88< :6!526

:4:: 78 <8 :8 8!75< :8!5<8 :6!<72

:4:5 8!:>2 <: :8 50!>8< :8!<4> :6!>65

:4:6 7:6 <: :8 87!25: :8!0<4 :7!:5:

:4:7 085 <5 :8 :6!648 ::!885 :7!7:7

VKVHA 2!844 7!784 8!077 :85!487 8!>:0!6:0 :!::7!>75

V`g ekuv lkz v`nu gxwntogiv oh~ uggo `nb`! jwv ni|guvogiv ni v`g vzghvogiv kl kzbhine rhuvg hv

ukwzeg bzghva~ zgfwegu v`g xwhivnv~ kl rhuvg v`hv `hu vk jg ekaagevgf! vzhiutkzvgf hif fgtkunvgf

ni h uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa) V`g uh|nibu ni ni|guvogivu ni jniu! twu`ehzvu! bhzjhbg vzwecu hif uhinvhz~

ahiflnaa lhz kwvrgnb` v`g ekuvu kl v`g ni|guvogiv ni v`g hjk|g gxwntogiv lkz v`g vzghvogiv kl




Vhjag 5)0 Guvnohvgf Rhuvg Fgiunvngu rnv`ni Fnllgzgiv Ekaagevnki Gxwntogiv

Ekaagevnki gxwntogiv Fgiunv~

(cb+o5

.

Tgzegivhbg kl

|kawog wugfr`gi gotvngf

V~tneha hokwiv ni

ekivhnigz (cb.

Rhuvg ni :64 A ekivhnigz 574 <4' 74

Rhuvg ni <<4 A ekivhnigz 574 <4' 864

Rhuvg ni <<4 A twuèhzv 574 844' :54

Fgohif kl tznohz~ fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg ekaagevnki gxwntogiv

Guvnohvnki kl gxwntogiv zgxwnzgf lkz tznohz~ fkoguvne ukanf rhuvgu ekaagevnki ni Hi I`ki fnuvznevnu ekifwevgf jhugf ki v`g ekifnvnkiu uwoohzn}gf ni Vhjag 5)>)

Vhjag 5)> E`hzhevgznuvneu kl gxwntogiv zgxwnzgf lkz tznohz~ ekaagevnki kl fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg ni

Hi I`ki fnuvznev

HZGH GXWNTOGIV UGZ\NEG GUVNOHVGF FN\NUNKI KL

UÛVGO EK\GZHBG

Vkriu :64 A jni Akehvgf hakib ohni uvzggvu hif

egivzha hzghu kl v`g vkriu

:4/54' kl vkvha rhuvg

hokwiv! v~tneha |hawg lkzguvnohvnki nu :7'

<<4 A ekivhnigz Egivzha rhuvg tzkfwegzu hu ohzcgvu!

hfoninuvzhvn|g kllnegu! niuvnvwvnkiu!

`kvgau

84/:4 kl vkvha rhuvg

hokwiv! v~tneha |hawg lkz

guvnohvnki nu 84'

<<4 A twuèhzv Ekaagevnki kl rhuvg lzko zgunfgivnha

hzghu

<4/24' kl vkvha rhuvg

hokwiv! v~tneha |hawg lkz

guvnohvnki nu <7'




Vhjag 5)84 Vkvha fgohif ki gxwntogiv lkz tznohz~ fkoguvne rhuvg ekaagevnki ni Hi I`ki Fnuvznev

wt vk :4:7

^ghzVkriu Ekoowigu

:64 A <<4 A <<4 A :64 A <<4 A

Jniu Ekivhnigzu Twu`ehzvu Jniu Twu`ehzvu

:48: >: 86 7: 60 >5

:485 08 85 62 <5 882

:486 22 8: 66 22 868

:487 26 88 6: <2 858

:48< 26 88 65 <2 858

:482 2< 88 65 <> 858

:480 2< 88 65 <2 8:6

:48> 22 88 66 20 86<

:4:4 02 85 6> 05 877

:4:8 00 85 78 06 872

:4:: 0> 85 78 06 87>

:4:5 >4 86 78 >< 82>

:4:6 >8 86 7: >2 80:

:4:7 >: 86 75 84< :46




6:

Vhjag 5)88 Fgohif lkz :64 A jniu lkz Hi I`ki Fnuvznev wt vk :4:7

Ik) Akehanv~ Iwojgz kl :64 A jniu

:48: :485 :486 :487 :48< :482 :480 :48> :4:4 :4:8 :4:: :4:5 :4:6 :4:7

8 Jni` Fni` 6> 65 68 64 64 68 68 6: 60 6> 6> 74 74 78: Fht Fh 65 50 5< 56 56 57 57 57 5> 5> 64 64 68 68

5 I`ki O~ / / < 7 7 < 7 < < 2 2 2 0 0

6 I`ki V`hi` > 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 > > > 84 84 88

7 I`ki @hi` / / < 7 7 7 7 < < < < 2 2 0

< I`ki @hw / 2 2 < < < < 2 0 0 0 > > 84

2 I`ki T`kib / / 7 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 < < <

0 I`ki Hi / < 7 7 7 7 7 7 < < < 2 2 2

> I`ki T`we < < < 7 7 7 7 < < < < 2 2 0

84 I`ki @wib 2 2 < < < < < 2 2 2 2 0 0 >88 I`ki C`hi` / 7 7 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 < < <

8: I`ki Ake 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 < < 2

85 I`ki @kh 88 84 > 0 0 > 0 > 84 84 84 8: 8: 85

86 I`ki Vhi 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 <

87 I`ki V`k 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 < < 2

VKVHA 864 866 876 868 868 867 865 877 824 82: 825 80< 800 8>0




65

Vhjag 5)8: Fgohif ki <<4 A ekivhnigzu lkz Hi I`ki Fnuvznev wt vk :4:7

Ik) Akehanv~ Iwojgz kl <<4 A ekivhnigzu

:48: :485 :486 :487 :48< :482 :480 :48> :4:4 :4:8 :4:: :4:5 :4:6 :4:7

8 Jni` Fni` 2 2 < < < < < < 2 2 2 0 0 0: Fht Fh 2 < < 7 7 7 7 7 < < < < < <

5 I`ki O~ / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

6 I`ki V`hi` / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

7 I`ki @hi` / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

< I`ki @hw / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

2 I`ki T`kib / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

0 I`ki Hi / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

> I`ki T`we / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

84 I`ki @wib / / / / / / / / / / / / / /88 I`ki C`hi` / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

8: I`ki Ake / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

85 I`ki @kh / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

86 I`ki Vhi / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

87 I`ki V`k / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

VKVHA 86 85 8: 88 88 88 88 88 85 85 85 86 86 86




66

Vhjag 5)85 Fgohif ki <<4 A twu`ehzvu lkz Hi I`ki Fnuvznev wt vk :4:7

Ik) Akehanv~ Iwojgz kl <<4 A twu`ehzvu

:48: :485 :486 :487 :48< :482 :480 :48> :4:4 :4:8 :4:: :4:5 :4:6 :4:7

8 Jni` Fni` :0 :7 :5 :5 :5 :5 :5 :6 :2 :0 :0 :0 :> :>: Fht Fh :6 :: :8 8> :4 :4 :4 :4 :: :5 :5 :5 :5 :6

5 I`ki O~ / / 88 84 84 84 84 88 8: 8: 8: 86 86 8<

6 I`ki V`hi` 80 8< 87 86 86 86 85 8< 82 82 82 8> 8> ::

7 I`ki @hi` / / 88 84 84 84 > 88 8: 8: 8: 85 86 87

< I`ki @hw / 86 85 8: 8: 8: 88 85 86 86 87 8< 82 8>

2 I`ki T`kib / / 0 0 0 0 2 > > > > 88 88 8:

0 I`ki Hi / 84 84 > > > > 84 88 88 88 85 85 86

> I`ki T`we 8: 88 84 84 84 84 > 88 88 8: 8: 85 85 87

84 I`ki @wib 86 85 8: 88 88 88 88 8: 85 85 86 87 8< 8288 I`ki C`hi` / > 0 0 0 0 2 > > > > 88 88 8:

8: I`ki Ake 84 > > 0 0 0 0 > 84 84 84 88 88 85

85 I`ki @kh :4 80 82 8< 8< 8< 87 80 8> 8> 8> :: :: :7

86 I`ki Vhi > 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 0 > > 84 84 88

87 I`ki V`k 84 > > 0 0 0 0 > 84 84 84 88 88 85

VKVHA 867 8<6 807 825 826 826 8<2 8>4 :46 :40 :84 :54 :56 :72




Fwznib v`g lkaakrnib ~ghzu! v`g rhuvg hokwivu vk jg ekaagevgf rnaa niezghug) Igr ni|guvogiv iggfgf nu

guvnohvgf hu tzgugivgf Vhjag 5)86 rnv` huuwotvnki v`hv v`g anlg vnog kl v`nu gxwntogiv nu 6 ~ghzu)

Vhjag 5)86 Igr ni|guvogiv kl gxwntogiv lkz tznohz~ fkoguvne rhuvg ekaagevnki wt vk :4:7

^ghz

Vkriu Ekoowigu

:64 A <<4 A <<4 A :64 A <<4 A

Jniu Ekivhnigzu Twuèhzvu Jniu Twuèhzvu

:48: >: 86 7: 60 >5

:485 / / / 87 :6

:486 / / / 86 :6

:487 / / / / /

:48< >: 86 75 60 >5

:482 : / / 82 :6

:480 / / / / 82

:48> 8 / 8 88 ::

:4:4 84: 8< 70 75 84:

:4:8 5 / : 80 :<:4:: 8 / / / 8>

:4:5 : 8 8 :5 6:

:4:6 845 8< 7> 76 847

:4:7 6 / 5 :2 60

V`g Hi I`ki Fnuvznev Tgktag„u Ekoonvvgg rnu`gu vk giuwzg v`hv v`gzg hzg ukog uthzg twuèhzvu) Hv




Vhjag 5)87 Ugekifhz~ ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzvhvnki u~uvgo fhvh

Vkri Ekoowig

H|gzhbg akhfnib vnog tgz

:64 A jni

Vnog lkz gotv~nib kig ekivhnigz=

8 oniVnog lkz vzhiutkzv jgvrggi :

ekivhnigzu= 8 oni

Vkvha= : oniwvgu+ekivhnigz

Vnog lkz gotv~nib kig

ekivhnigz= 8 oniVnog lkz vzhiutkzv jgvrggi :

ekivhnigzu= 8 oni

Vkvha= : oniwvgu+ekivhnigz

H|gzhbg akhfnib vnog tgz

<<4 A ekivhnigz

Vnog lkz gotv~nib kig ekivhnigz=

: oni (okzg fnllnewav heeguu.

Vnog lkz vzhiutkzv jgvrggi :

ekivhnigzu= 7 oniwvg

Vkvha= 2 oniwvgu+ekivhnigzH|gzhbg akhfnib vnog tgz

<<4 A twuèhzv

Vnog lkz gotv~nib kig twuèhzv= 8

oniwvg


bzkwtu kl 6 twuèhzvu= 7 oniwvgu

(Nv nu gptgevgf v`hv v`gzg rnaa jg hi

h|gzhbg kl 6 twuèhzvu hv h

zgifg}|kwu tkniv.

Vkvha= :):7 oniwvgu+twuèhzv

Vnog lkz gotv~nib kig

twuèhzv= 8 oni


bzkwtu kl 6 twuèhzvu= 7

oniwvgu

(Nv nu gptgevgf v`hv v`gzg rnaa jg

hi h|gzhbg kl : twuèhzvu hv h

zgifg}|kwu tkniv.Vkvha= 5)7 oniwvgu+twuèhzv

H|gzhbg vnog lkz

vzhiutkzvhvnki jgvrggi

ekoowigu

i+h :4 oniwvgu

H|gzhbg fnuvhieg lkz

zgvwzi vznt vk ahiflnaa

:4 co 64 co

H|gzhbg vzhiutkzvhvnki 54 co+` :7 co+`




Vhjag 5)82 Iwojgz kl ekothevkz vzwecu zgxwnzgf lkz ugekifhz~ rhuvg ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzvhvnki

^ghz Hokwiv kl rhuvg vk jg

ekaagevgf (vkiigu+fh~.

Ktgzhvnib vnog vk ekaagev rhuvg

(oniwvgu+vznt.Vkvha ktgzhvnib

vnog kl vzwec

(`kwzu+fh~.

Vkvha

vzwec

iggfgf

Vkvha

vzwec

ni|guvgfVkriu Ekoowigu Ni vkriu Ni ekoowigu

:48: 80)46 88)67 <5< <22 :: :)26 5

:485 8<)84 86)54 7<0 067 :6 :)>6 5

:486 87):4 82):4 75< 8482 :< 5):5 5

:487 86)78 87)22 78: >5: :6 5)48 5

:48< 86)<0 87)>7 780 >65 :6 5)46 5

:482 86)07 8<)86 7:6 >76 :7 5)40 5

:480 87)45 87)85 754 0>6 :6 :)>2 5

:48> 87):4 82)07 75< 8477 :2 5)5: 5

:4:4 82):4 8>)44 <4< 88:5 :> 5)<4 6

:4:8 82)64 8>):: <85 885< :> 5)<7 6

:4:: 82)<4 8>)66 <:4 8874 54 5)<> 6

:4:5 82)08 ::)85 <:0 8540 5: 6)45 6

:4:6 80)48 ::)50 <57 85:6 55 6)40 6

:4:7 80):: :7)8< <6: 8600 57 6)66 7

Hu ehi jg uggi! v`g iwojgz v`g vzwecu nu zkwifgf vk v`g ighzguv r`kag iwojgz! uk v`hv ni ukog ehugu

v`g ekaagevnki |g`neagu rnaa `h|g vk rkzc h anvvag okzg v`hi 0 `kwzu ghe` fh~! v`gzgj~ uh|nib v`g ekuv kl

twze`hunib hif ktgzhvnib hi gpvzh vzwec v`hv rkwaf jg wifgz wvnanugf) Igr ni|guvogiv lkz ekothevkz

vzwec nu guvnohvgf hif tzgugivgf ni Vhjag 5)80 r`gzg anlg vnog kl v`g vzwec nu 84 ~ghzu)




Lkz rhuvg ekaagevnki! kig rkzcgz rnaa ktgzhvg vrk twu`ehzv3

Lkz v`g vzhiutkzvhvnki |g`neag! v`gzg rnaa jg 8 fzn|gz hif : huunuvhivu)

Rkzclkzeg zgxwnzgogiv nu guvnohvgf jhugf ki v`g ekifnvnkiu ogivnkigf hjk|g hif uwoohznugf niVhjag 5)8>)

Vhjag 5)8> Rkzclkzeg zgxwnzgf lkz rhuvg ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzvhvnki ktgzhvnki

^ghz Rkzcgzu vk ktgzhvg twu`ehzv Rkzcgzu vk ktgzhvg

ekothevkz vzwec

Ekothevkz

vzwec fzn|gzuVkri Ekoowigu

:48: :< 62 < 5

:485 :6 7> < 5

:486 :: 28 < 5

:487 :8 << < 5

:48< :: << < 5

:482 :: << < 5

:480 :: <: < 5

:48> :: 25 < 5

:4:4 :7 20 0 6:4:8 :< 2> 0 6

:4:: :< 04 0 6

:4:5 :< >4 0 6

:4:6 :< >8 0 6

:4:7 :2 84: 84 7




Vhjag 5):8 Vkvha ni|guvogiv ekuv lkz rhuvg ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzvhvnki gxwntogiv kl Hi I`ki

Vkvha gxwntogiv Vkvha ni|guvogiv (p 8!444 \IF. Vkvha

ekuv

(p 8!444.

^ghz :64a <<4a <<4a Ekothev :64a <<4a <<4a Ekothev

vzwecJniu Ekivhnigzu Twu`ehzvu vzwec Jniu Ekivhnigzu Twu`ehzvu:48: 864 86 867 5 <2!:44 :>!644 704!444 6!044!444 7!62<!<44

:485 87 / :6 / 2!:44 / ><!444 / 845!:44

:486 86 / :6 / <!2:4 / ><!444 / 84:!2:4

:487 / / / / / / / / /

:48< 864 86 86< / <2!:44 :>!644 706!444 / <04!<44

:482 8> / :6 / >!8:4 / ><!444 / 847!8:4

:480 / / 82 / / / <0!444 / <0!444

:48> 8: / :5 / 7!2<4 / >:!444 / >2!2<4:4:4 877 8< 8<4 8 26!644 55!<44 <64!444 8!<44!444 :!560!444

:4:8 :8 / :0 / 84!404 / 88:!444 / 8::!404

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:4:6 872 8< 8<6 / 27!5<4 55!<44 <7<!444 / 2<6!><4

:4:7 58 / 78 8 86!004 / :46!444 8!<44!444 8!080!004




74

Vhjag 5):: Ni|guvogiv ekuv lkz rhuvg ekaagevnki gxwntogiv lkz vkriu hif ekoowigu ni Hi I`ki fnuvznev

^ghz Iwojgz kl igr ni|guvgf gxwntogiv Ni|guvogiv (p 8!444 \IF.

Vkriu EkoowiguEkothevkz

vzwec

Vkriu Ekoowigu

Ekothevkz:64a <<4a <<4a :64a <<4a :64a <<4a <<4a :64a <<4a

Jniu Ekivhnigzu Twuèhzvu Jniu Twuèhzvu Jniu Ekivhnigzu Twuèhzvu Jniu Twuèhzvu vzwec:48: >: 86 7: 60 >5 5 66!8<4 :>!644 :40!444 :5!464 52:!444 6!044!444

:485 / / / 87 :6 / / / / 2!:44 ><!444 /

:486 / / / 86 :6 / / / / <!2:4 ><!444 /

:487 / / / / / / / / / / / /

:48< >: 86 75 60 >5 / 66!8<4 :>!644 :8:!444 :5!464 52:!444 /

:482 : / / 82 :6 / ><4 / / 0!8<4 ><!444 /

:480 / / / / 82 / / / / / <0!444 /

:48> 8 / 8 88 :: / 604 / 6!444 7!:04 00!444 /

:4:4 84: 8< 70 75 84: 8 60!><4 55!<44 :5:!444 :7!664 640!444 8!<44!444

:4:8 5 / : 80 :< / 8!664 / 0!444 0!<64 846!444 /

:4:: 8 / / / 8> 5 604 / / / 2<!444 6!044!444

:4:5 : 8 8 :5 6: / ><4 :!844 6!444 88!464 8<0!444 /

:4:6 845 8< 7> 76 847 / 6>!664 55!<44 :5<!444 :7!>:4 6:4!444 /

:4:7 6 / 5 :2 60 8 8!>:4 / 8:!444 8:!><4 8>:!444 8!<44!444




Hiiwha Ktgzhvnki hif Ohnivgihieg Ekuv kl Fkoguvne Rhuvg Ekaagevnki hif Vzhiutkzvhvnki

U~uvgo

Ehtnvha! ktgzhvnib hif ohnivgihieg ekuvu `h|g jggi guvnohvgf jhugf ki v`g ehtnvha ni|guvogivu!tgzukiiga ekuvu! ktgzhvnib ekuvu hif ohnivgihieg hu h tgzegivhbg kl v`g ni|guvogiv) Lkz

ehaewahvnki kl hiiwha ekuvu zgahvgf vk rhuvg ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzvhvnki! v`g winv ekuvu anuvgf ni

Vhjag 5):5 `h|g jggi wugf)

Vhjag 5):5 Ktgzhvnki hif ohnivgihieg winv ekuv

Nvgo Hiiwha Winv ekuvu

(p 8!444

\IF+~ghz.:64 A jni

Ekuv= 604!444 \IF

Anlguthi= 6 ~ghzu

Hiiwha rznvg fkri 8:4!444 \IF

Hiiwha ohnivgihieg ekuv ?7' kl ni|guvogiv+~ghz ? :6!444

\IF+~ghz+ekivhnigz

866

<<4 A ekivhnigz

Ekuv= :!844!444 \IF

Anlguthi= 6 ~ghzu

Hiiwha rznvg fkri 7:7!444 \IF

Hiiwha ohnivgihieg ekuv ?7' kl ni|guvogiv+~ghz ? 847!444

\IF+~ghz+ekivhnigz

<54

<<4 A twu`ehzv

Ekuv= 6!444!444 \IF




Hu ehi jg uggi ni vhjag 5):6 v`g ekuvu kl v`g u~uvgo hzg ekiunfgzhjag hif k|gz 74' kl v`g ekuvu

hzg ahjkwz ekuvu) V`g vkvha ekuvu ni :487 rkwaf jg hzkwif 5)68 jnaanki \IF3 v`nu rkwaf ugz|g vk

ekaagev 88!476 vkiigu kl fkoguvne rhuvg! hv h vnog r`gi v`gzg hzg httzkpnohvga~ 8>8!744ni`hjnvhivu ni v`g fnuvznev) @gieg v`g ekuv nu hjkwv 547!074 \IF tgz vkiig kz hzkwif 82!244 \IF

tgz envn}gi tgz ~ghz) Nl nv nu huuwogf v`hv 74' kl v`g tktwahvnki nu ugz|gf j~ v`g rhuvg ekaagevnki

ugz|neg hif v`hv v`g tktwahvnki jghzu <2' kl v`g ekuvu (v`g zgohninib v`nzf jgnib jkzig j~ u`ktu!

niuvnvwvnkiu! nifwuvzngu! gve).! v`nu hokwivu vk h ekuv tgz envn}gi kl : - 82!244 - :+5 ? :5!<44 \IF

tgz ~ghz) Uk nl hi h|gzhbg `kwug`kaf `hu ln|g tgktag! v`g okivà~ ekuv nu hzkwif >!044 \IF)

V`gug ekuvu kia~ nieawfg rhuvg ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzv vk v`g fnutkuha unvg3 n)g) ehtnvha hif

ktgzhvnib ekuvu lkz h uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa hzg ikv nieawfgf) Nieawfgf ni v`g hjk|g guvnohvg hzg haa ekuvu

lkz twze`hunib igr ekothevkz vzwecu! jniu hif twuèhzvu! hu rgaa hu v`g ohnivgihieg kl v`gug!uhlgv~ gxwntogiv lkz rkzcgzu hif lwga lkz v`g |g`neagu) Hfoninuvzhvnki ekuvu hzg ikv nieawfgf)

V`gzg hzg ihvwzhaa~ oghiu vk zgfweg v`gug ekuvu= V`g okuv kj|nkwu nu vk oninonug uhahz~ ekuvu j~

zgfwenib v`g igeguuhz~ uvhll vk h oninowo) Ekivzhevnib kwv v`g ktgzhvnki kl twuèhzvu vk

nifn|nfwhau ekwaf jg kig rh~ vk zgfweg ekuvu) Hv tzgugiv h twuèhzvu kia~ ekotagvgu kig

ekaagevnki zkwvg tgz fh~) Ni vkriu h rhuvg ekaagevnki rkzcgz ehi ikzohaa~ ekotagvg vrk ekaagevnki

zkwvgu rnv` h twuèhzv tgz fh~) V`nu oghiu v`hv ghe` rkzcgz ni vkriu ekwaf jg nuuwgf rnv` vrk

twuèhzvu kz v`hv v`g bhzjhbg vzwec ekog vk gotv~ v`g twuèhzv vrneg fwznib v`g fh~) Gnv`gz rh~!v`g iwojgz kl ekaagevnki rkzcgzu ni vkriu rnaa jg `ha|gf! lwzv`gzokzg! nl v`g twuèhzv nu gotvngf

vrneg tgz fh~! kia~ `hal v`g iwojgz kl twuèhzvu nu iggfgf) Lnihaa~! v`g vzwecu kia~ ktgzhvg

hzkwif 0 `kwzu tgz fh~ ni v`gug guvnohvnkiu! hif unbinlnehiv bhniu ekwaf jg ohfg nl v`g vzwecu

ktgzhvgf lkz akibgz tgznkfu g|gz~ fh~) Ni ukog ekwivzngu! lkz gphotag Fgiohzc! v`g bhzjhbg

vzwec hzg bgigzhaa~ ktgzhvgf ni vrk u`nlvu tgz fh~ (n)g) 8< `kwzu tgz fh~. vk zgfweg ekuvu hu owe`

hu tkuunjag)




75

Vhjag 5):6 Vkvha ekuv lkz ktgzhvnib h rhuvg ekaagevnki u~uvgo rnv`ni v`g fnuvznev

Vkvha Ktgzhvnki hif Ohnivgihieg Ekvu (p 8!444 \IF.

^ghz

Vkriu Ekoowigu Ekothevkz vzwecGxwntogiv

lkz rkzcgzu

Uhahz~

fzn|gzu

Uhahz~

rkzcgzuVkvha:64 A

Jniu

<<4 A

Ekivhnigzu

<<4 A

Twu`ehzvu

:64 A

Jniu

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Twu`ehzvuOhnivgihieg Lwga

:48: :!:40 8!624 84!644 8!87: 80!<44 874!444 8!:4>!<44 :5!774 >4!444 8!<54!044 5!852!204

:485 5<4 6!044 874!444 8!:4>!<44 :<!644 >4!444 8!05<!444 5!582!8<4

:486 55< 6!044 874!444 8!:4>!<44 :>!774 >4!444 :!4<:!044 5!762!40<

:487 874!444 8!:4>!<44 :2!274 >4!444 8!>55!:44 5!684!774

:48< :!:40 8!624 84!<44 8!87: 80!<44 874!444 8!:4>!<44 :2!>44 >4!444 8!>66!444 5!677!754

:482 60 640 6!044 874!444 8!:4>!<44 :2!>44 >4!444 8!>66!444 5!6:<!27<

:480 5!644 874!444 8!:4>!<44 :<!074 >4!444 8!0<0!644 5!560!:74

:48> :6 :44 :<6 6!644 874!444 8!:4>!<44 54!544 >4!444 :!88<!044 5!<48!700:4:4 :!660 8!<04 88!<44 8!:2: :4!644 :44!444 8!<8:!044 55!444 8:4!444 :!:0>!<44 6!:>:!044

:4:8 2: 644 65: 7!:44 :44!444 8!<8:!044 55!<44 8:4!444 :!55:!044 6!547!546

:4:: :6 5!044 :44!444 8!<8:!044 55!>44 8:4!444 :!576!644 6!5:6!>:6

:4:5 60 847 :44 77: 0!644 :44!444 8!<8:!044 5<!>44 8:4!444 :!724!644 6!76>!647

:4:6 :!62: 8!<04 88!044 8!:>< :8!444 :44!444 8!<8:!044 52!744 8:4!444 :!<85!<44 6!<::!860

:4:7 >< <44 <60 >!<44 :74!444 :!48<!444 68!774 874!444 :!005!<44 7!57:!4>6




5)7)5 Lggu hif Ekuv Zgek|gz~ lkz Rhuvg Ekaagevnki

Fgenunki Ik) :5+:440+XĔ/WIJF Jni` Fni` zgbwahvgu v`hv haa kzbhinuhvnkiu! `kwug`kafu hif

nifn|nfwhau r`k wugf rhuvg ugz|neg u~uvgo `h|g vk th~ lggu hu lkaakru=

/ @kwug`kafu ni v`g vkriu kz uwj/vkriu kl v`g kv`gz fnuvznevu (gpegtv lkz Xw~ I`ki Env~. akehvgf

hakib ohni zkhfu (hut`havgf kz ekiezgvg zkhfu. `h|g vk th~ 84!444 \IF+`kwug`kaf+okiv`3

r`nag `kwug`kafu akehvgf hakib ohni |naahbg zkhfu (ikv hut`havgf kz ekiezgvg zkhfu. `h|g vk

th~ 0!444 \IF+`kwug`kaf+okiv`) @kwug`kafu akehvgf hakib uohaa zkhfu kz haag~u `h|g vk th~

<!444 \IF+`kwug`kaf+okiv`3

/ @kwug`kafu ni ekoowigu kl kv`gz fnuvznevu akehvgf hakib ohni zkhfu! `nb`rh~u `h|g vk th~

0!444 \IF+`kwug`kaf+okiv` r`nag `kwug`kafu akehvgf hakib uohaa zkhfu kz haag~u `h|g vk th~7!444 \IF+`kwug`kaf+okiv`3

/ Lkkf ugaanib `kwug`kafu ni fnuvznevu `h|g vk th~ :7!444 \IF+`kwug`kaf+okiv`3

/ Kv`gz jwuniguu `kwug`kafu ni fnuvznevu `h|g vk th~ :4!444 \IF+`kwug`kaf+okiv`3

/ Ni v`g ohzcgv! u`kt krigzu `h|g vk th~ 84!444/:4!444 \IF+u`kt+okiv` fgtgifnib ki

hokwiv kl rhuvg bgigzhvgf3

/ Kllnegu `h|g vk th~ 67!444 \IF+kllneg+okiv`3 hif

/ Ohzcgvu! `kutnvhau hif givgztznugu `h|g vk th~ <4!444 \IF+o5

kl fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg v`hv nu

bgigzhvgf hif ekaagevgf)

V`g lwaa hokwiv kl ekaagevgf lggu owuv jg wugf vk ek|gz v`g ekuvu kl rhuvg ekaagevnki!

vzhiutkzvhvnki! vzghvogiv hif lgg ekaagevnki hevn|nvngu)

Lwaa ekuv zgek|gz~ lkz v`g rhuvg ekaagevnki u~uvgo oghiu v`hv vkvha ekuv lkz lnihienib hif

ktgzhvnib h rhuvg ekaagevnki u~uvgo u`kwaf `h|g vk jg ek|gzgf v`zkwb` lggu vk jg thnf j~ v`g

rhuvg tzkfwegzu V`g rhuvg ekaagevnki u~uvgo nu fn|nfgf nivk h tznohz~ ekaagevnki u~uvgo v`hv




Vhjag 5):7 Ekuv zgek|gz~ lkz rhuvg ekaagevnki u~uvgo

^ghz Vkvha ekuv lkz

ktgzhvnib rhuvg

ekaagevnki

u~uvgo

(p 8444

\IF+~ghz.

Vkvha ekuv lkz

ktgzhvnib tznohz~

rhuvg ekaagevnki

u~uvgo (p 8444

\IF+~ghz.

Vkvha ekuv lkz

ktgzhvnib

ugekifhz~ rhuvg

ekaagevnki u~uvgo

(p 8444 \IF+~ghz.

Iwojgz kl ugz|negf

`kwug`kafu

Ekuv zgek|gz~

lzko `kwug`kaf

lgg

(p 8444

\IF+~ghz.Vkriu Ekoowigu

:48: 5!852!204 8!<00!804 8!66>!<44 6!>>: 84!408 8!8<0!>70

:485 5!582!8<4 8!0<2!7<4 8!66>!<44 7!474 8:!8>> 8!5:6!:80

:486 5!762!40< :!4>2!60< 8!66>!<44 7!840 86!:2> 8!62<!042

:487 5!684!774 8!><4!>74 8!66>!<44 7!8<2 86!667 8!6>5!>50

:48< 5!677!754 :!447!>54 8!66>!<44 7!::2 86!<8: 8!788!:<0

:482 5!6:<!27< 8!>22!87< 8!66>!<44 7!:00 86!20: 8!7:0!2>>

:480 5!560!:74 8!0>0!<74 8!66>!<44 7!56> 86!>75 8!76<!755

:48> 5!<48!700 :!878!>00 8!66>!<44 7!688 8<!26< 8!<2>!88:

:4:4 6!:>:!044 :!5<4!444 8!>5:!044 <!:7< 8>!5<4 8!>68!:67

:4:8 6!547!546 :!52:!746 8!>5:!044 <!5:> 8>!707 8!><5!2<6

:4:: 6!5:6!>:6 :!5>:!8:6 8!>5:!044 <!64: 8>!08: 8!>0<!765

:4:5 6!76>!647 :!<8<!<47 8!>5:!044 <!62< :8!252 :!8:>!<5>

:4:6 6!<::!860 :!<0>!560 8!>5:!044 <!778 :8!>0> :!876!565:4:7 7!57:!4>6 :!>5<!4>6 :!68<!444 <!<:2 :5!>04 :!54:!802

V`g Fnuvznev `hu vk ekiunfgz kig kl v`g v`zgg lkaakrnib ktvnkiu=

/ Ktvnki 8= Htta~ `kwug`kaf lgg nifnehvgf ni Fgenunki Ik) :5+:440+XF/WJIF hu ogivnkigf

hjk|g)




# Hf|hivhbg= Notagogivhvnki kl v`nu ktvnki rkwaf `gat vk uh|g v`g jwfbgv kl v`g Fnuvznev

ekothzgf vk v`g ktvnki 8 hif :) H anvvag niezghug ni v`g lgg rkwaf jg ghungz vk eki|nieg

`kwug`kafu vk th~ lkz rhuvg ekaagevnki) Ni v`nu ehug! v`g Fnuvznev `hu vk lnif jwfbgv kia~ lkz

rhuvg vzghvogiv (ahiflnaa ktgzhvnki hif ohnivgihieg.)

# Fnuhf|hivhbg= (8. igr lgg u`kwaf jg httzk|gf j~ v`g Tzk|nieg3 (:. nv rkwaf jg g|gi okzg

fnllnewav vk eki|nieg `kwug`kafu vk th~ lgg ekothzgf vk v`g ktvnki :)

Vhjag 5):< Zgekoogifgf kwug`kaf lgg (\IF+`kwug`kaf+okiv`.

^ghz Igr `kwug`kaf lgg

zgekoogifgf ― ktvnki :

Igr kwug`kaf lgg

zgekoogifgf ― ktvnki 5

:48: <!<44 88!:86:485 <!788 84!765

:486 <!7:< 84!885

:487 <!458 >!722

:48< 7!>>< >!748

:482 7!>:> >!5>6

:480 7!<:0 >!475

:48> 7!0<: >!444:4:4 7!66< >!4<<

:4:8 7!60> >!4<2

:4:: 7!620 >!487

:4:5 7!725 0!07>

:4:6 7!<46 0!075

:4:7 7!25< >!7::




V`g ekuv guvnohvg nu jhugf ki v`g :440 guvnohvg j~ EGGI ni :440 hif `hu jggi wtfhvgf vk :488

ekuvu3 nv ehi jg lkwif ni Hiigp E! vhjagu E8 hif E:) Hu ehi jg uggi! v`g ekuvu nieawfg h

rgnb`jznfbg! h vzwec rhu` uvhvnki! h ohvgznha uvkectnag hzgh! hi kllneg! bwhzf `kwug! h lgieg

hzkwif v`g givnzg unvg hif v`g uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa egaau rnv` v`gnz notgzoghjag ogojzhig hif

aghe`hvg ekaagevnki u~uvgo) Hauk nieawfgf ni v`g ekuvu hzg v`g aghe`hvg vzghvogiv u~uvgo! v`g

rhvgz uwtta~ hif gagevzne u~uvgou hif v`g eakuwzg kl egaau v`hv `h|g jggi lnaagf rnv` rhuvg) Lnihaa~

kjugz|hvnki rgaau hzg nieawfgf lkz v`g okinvkznib kl v`g gi|nzkiogiv zkwif v`g uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa

hif h jwaafk}gz vk jg wugf fhna~ ni v`g ktgzhvnki kl v`g ahiflnaa) Gpeawfgf lzko v`g ekuvu hzg v`g

ekuvu kl ahif hexwnunvnki3 hu rgaa hu v`g ekuvu lkz v`g eakuwzg kl v`g gpnuvnib fwotunvgu) Hu ehi jg

uggi lzko v`g vhjagu! v`g vkvha ni|guvogiv ekuvu lkz v`g uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa hzg 64): jnaanki Fkib!

r`gzg v`g ohmkznv~ kl v`g ekuvu hzg lkz v`g ekiuvzwevnki kl igr ahiflnaa egaau hif v`g ekuv kl ohe`nigz~)

V`g ahiflnaa tzktkugf j~ EGGI nu ahzbg gikwb` vk heekookfhvg v`g rhuvg bgigzhvgf j~ v`g

fnuvznev ni v`g tgznkf :485 ― :4:7) V`g ahiflnaa `hu jggi uwjfn|nfgf nivk 74!444 o5 egaau3 r`gzg h

egaa nu eakugf r`gi nv nu lwaa) V`g fgunbi j~ EGGI tzktkugu v`hv haa egaau hzg jwnav noogfnhvga~! uk ni

v`nu uegihznk v`gzg rnaa jg gotv~ egaau v`hv rnaa zgohni wiwugf lkz hjkwv 84 ~ghzu (2 ~ghzu ni ehug

kl h u`hzgf ahiflnaa.) V`nu nu ikv h zgekoogifgf uegihznk! hu v`g egaau v`hv hzg ikv wugf hzg

fnllnewav vk tzgugz|g hif v`g~ rnaa jg fhohbgf j~ uwiu`nig! |gbgvhvnki hif tzgentnvhvnki hiffgvgznkzhvg zhtnfa~ hif v`gzglkzg jgekog wiwuhjag3 v`wu! v`g ninvnha ni|guvogiv oh~ jg akuv vk h

ahzbg gpvgif)

Ni lhev! v`g ahiflnaa oh~ jg tahiigf ni kig fgunbi hu rhu fkig j~ EGGI! jwv v`g~ oh~ ikv jg haa

lwaa~ jwnav noogfnhvga~) V`wu! v`g fnogiunkinib kl v`g tahiigf vkvha hzgh lkz v`g ahiflnaa unvg oh~

jg ahzbg gikwb` vk ek|gz v`g givnzg tahiinib tgznkf (uh~ 87 ~ghzu.! jwv v`g ekiuvzwevnki kl ahiflnaa

egaau u`kwaf jg t`hugf! rnv` h igr egaau jwnav kia~ hlvgz v`g tzg|nkwu egaa `hu jggi lnaagf wt) V`g




Vhjag 5):2 Ahiflnaa Uvhllnib

5)<)8 Jgiglnvu kl h U`hzgf Uhinvhz~ Ahiflnaa

Ni hbzggogiv rnv` v`g Vge`ineha hif Lnihienha Lnag kl v`g tzkmgev ‑Rhvgz Uwtta~ hif Uhinvhvnki

Tzkbzhoog Ni Jni` Fni` Tzk|nieg‟! e`htvgz :):):)8 Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahiu lkz v`gfnuvznevu! hif zg|ngrnib v`g Bakjha uvzhvgb~ ki ukanf rhuvg lkz Jni` Fni` tzk|nieg ki thbg 87! v`g

tzkmgev u`kwaf zg|ngr v`g TUROT! ni kzfgz vk ohcg uwzg nv rnaa aghf vk v`g fglninvnki kl h

ek`gzgiv uvzhvgb~ lkz v`g Tzk|nieg hif v`g vhzbgvgf fnuvznevu) Uwe` h zg|ngr! jhugf ki

nivgzihvnkiha uvhifhzfu! owuv ekiunfgz bzkwtnib ukog fnuvznevu hzkwif v`g uhog ahiflnaa! r`nag

vhcnib nivk heekwiv ekuvu gllnengie~! heeguunjnanv~! vzhiutkzv fnuvhieg hif v`g vhzbgv tktwahvnki)

Bn|gi v`g lnihienha hf|hivhbgu! nv nu tzktkugf v`hv Hi` I`ki ekiunfgzu u`hznib h uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa

rnv` kv`gz fnuvznev(u. kz thzvu kl v`go! tzglgzhja~ rnv` Vh~ Uki kz T`w Ehv) Haa v`g ni|ka|gf

Uvhll Ehvgbkz~ Iwojgz

Ahiflnaa Ohihbgz 8Rhuvg Ekivzkaagzu + (rgnb`jznfbg Ktgzhvkzu. :

AVT Ktgzhvkz 8

E`ngl Oge`hine 8

Huunuvhiv Oge`hineu 8

Gagevznenhi 8

Ohe`nig Ktgzhvkzu :

Eaghigzu 8Ugewznv~ Bwhzfu :

\hznkwu wiucnaagf rkzcgzu 7

Vkvha Uvhll= 82




Vhjag 5):0 Uwoohz~ kl v`g ehtnvha hif ktgzhvnib ekuvu lkz v`g tgznkf :485 vk :4:7 lkz v`g

uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa3 v`g ahuv ekawoi bn|gu v`g ekuv nl v`g ahiflnaa nu u`hzgf rnv` Vh~ Uki Fnuvznev

Nvgo WinvUhinvhz~

Ahiflnaa U`hzgf Ahiflnaa

Vkvha vkiihbg zgegn|gf Vkiigu 800!>88 5<2!2:2

Ninvnha ni|guvogiv ekuvu O\IF :<!07> :0!42<

Hffnvnkiha ni|guvogiv ekuvu O\IF 8:!:8: 56!:07

Ktgzhvnib ekuvu O\IF :5!75> :<!055

H|gzhbg ekuvu tgz vkiig \IF+vkiig 558!6:< :6:!777

Hu ehi jg uggi ni v`g hjk|g vhjag! v`g k|gzhaa ahiflnaa ekuvu ekog vk hjkwv 554!444 \IF tgz vkiigkl rhuvg zgegn|gf) Unbinlnehiv uh|nibu ehi jg ohfg j~ u`hznib v`g ekuvu kl jwnafnib hif ktgzhvnib

h ahiflnaa rnv` Vh~ Uki fnuvznev) V`g jhune nilzhuvzwevwzg zgxwnzgf nu v`g uhog! v`kwb` v`g ktgzhvnib

ekuvu hzg h anvvag `nb`gz ni vgzou kl lwga ekiuwotvnki! e`gonehau lkz v`g aghe`hvg vzghvogiv ekuvu!

hif uk lkzv`) Ni tzhevneg! u`hznib v`g ahiflnaa rnaa zgfweg v`g ekuvu j~ httzkpnohvga~ >4!444 \IF

tgz vkiig) V`nu nu h unbinlnehiv uh|nib! gutgenhaa~ bn|gi v`hv v`nu tahi ehaau lkz 54 vkiigu kl rhuvg vk

jg ekaagevgf fhna~ rnv`ni v`g Fnuvznev h lgr ~ghzu lzko ikr)

Lniha fnutkuha kl ukanf rhuvg j~ ahiflnaanib! nl hif r`gzg iggfgf! rnaa `h|g vk gotak~gi|nzkiogivhaa~ uhlg uhinvhz~ ahiflnaau) Vhcnib nivk heekwiv jkv` gekikone hif gi|nzkiogivha

hutgevu! nv nu kj|nkwu v`hv u`hznib h ahiflnaa `hu unbinlnehiv ekuv hf|hivhbgu) V`g kia~ e`haagibg lkz

v`nu uegihznk nu v`g tkuunjag zgunuvhieg kl v`g akeha zgunfgivu r`gzg v`g u`hzgf ahiflnaa nu vk jg

akehvgf) Vk ohcg v`nu zghanuvne! v`g fnuvznev owuv fgunbi hif notagogiv hi httzktznhvg NGE hif

hrhzgiguu zhnunib tzkbzhoog lkz jkv` akeha hwv`kznvngu hif zgunfgivu)

5)<)5 Tzkegfwzg lkz U`hznib h Uhinvhz~ Ahiflnaa




kzbhine rhuvg nu vzghvgf hv ukwzeg) Ni haa v`zgg ehugu! nv nu huuwogf v`hv v`g rhuvg rnaa jg

fgtkunvgf ni h Fnuvznev uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa)

Vhjag 5):> Ekuv ekothznuki lkz |hznkwu ekotkuvnib uegihznku

Haokuv 844' kl

kzbhine rhuvg nu

ekotkuvgf

Ewzzgiv uegihznk

(54' ni ekoowigu

+87' ni vkriu.

Ik vzghvogiv kl

kzbhine rhuvg hv

ukwzeg

Vkvha Rhuvg vk ahiflnaa :485

― :4:7 (vkiigu.862!5<7 827!770 :54!>47

Vkvha Ehtnvha Ekuvu (O\IF. 5<!8<8 64!8<7 64!8<7

Vkvha Ktgzhvnib Ekuvu(O\IF.

:5!865 :5!75: 66!:0>

Vkvha Ekuvu (O\IF. 7>!546 <5!<>2 06!676

Hu ehi jg uggi v`gzg hzg unbinlnehiv uh|nibu ni v`g ewzzgiv u~uvgo! r`gi ekothzgf vk h u~uvgo

r`gzg v`gzg nu ik vzghvogiv kl kzbhine rhuvg hv ukwzeg) V`g lhev v`hv hjkwv 77!444 vkiigu aguu kl

rhuvg hzg ekaagevgf k|gz v`g tgznkf :485 ― :4:7! (82<!444 vkiigu |gzuwu :58!444 vkiigu. oghiu

uh|nibu ni v`g kzfgz kl :8 jnaanki \IF) @gieg! v`gzg hzg |gz~ uvzkib lnihienha niegivn|gu vk

oninonug v`g lakr kl rhuvg vk ahiflnaa! hu v`nu unbinlnehiva~ akrgzu v`g ekuvu) Lwzv`gzokzg! rhuvg

oninonuhvnki jgiglnvu v`g gi|nzkiogiv)

5)0 Eakuwzg kl Fwotunvgu

V`g gpnuvnib fwotunvgu ni Hi I`ki u`kwaf ukkigz kz ahvgz jg eakugf ni kzfgz vk h|knf tkaawvnib v`g

gi|nzkiogiv hif vk jg ni ekotanhieg rnv` v`g ihvnkiha uvzhvgb~ ki uwuvhnihjag fg|gaktogiv) Nv nu

lkzguggi v`hv k|gz v`g igpv 87 ~ghzu haa fwotunvgu u`kwaf jg ganonihvgf)




Vghou hv haa ag|gau rnv`ni v`g Fnuvznev r`nauv lwifu hzg h|hnahjag v`zkwb` v`g Rhvgz Uwtta~ hif

Uhinvhvnki Tzkmgev ) Lzko :487! r`gi kia~ v`g okzg anonvgf akeha jwfbgvu hzg h|hnahjag vk lwif

v`gug hevn|nvngu! v`g ktgzhvnkiu rnaa jg ohnivhnigf fwg vk v`g ucnaau hexwnzgf fwznib v`g ninvnha

~ghzu)

5)>)8 Jhecbzkwif

V`g Gi|nzkiogiv Tzkvgevnki Hbgie~ (GTH. wifgz v`g tzk|nienha Fgthzvogiv kl Ihvwzha Zgukwzegu

hif Gi|nzkiogiv nu ni e`hzbg kl gi|nzkiogivha ekoowinehvnki hevn|nv~ ni Jni` Fni` Tzk|nieg)

Zgbhzfnib v`g hfoninuvzhvn|g ohihbgogiv! GTH fgagbhvgu okuv kl nvu gi|nzkiogiv ohihbgogiv

hevn|nvngu vk v`g fnuvznevu) Fnuvznev FKIZG zgtzgugivu v`g fnuvznev ni ohihbnib hif notagogivnib

gi|nzkiogivha ohihbgogiv hif ekoowinehvnki hevn|nvngu hv v`g ekoowig hif vkri ag|ga))@krg|gz! v`gug hevn|nvngu hzg bgigzhaa~ anonvgf vk oggvnibu ki hzkwif utgenha g|givu (g)b) Ghzv`

Fh~. hif v`gzglkzg fk ikv lwaa~ oggv v`g bkhau kl niezghunib ekoowinv~ hrhzgiguu lkz v`g

lkaakrnib zghukiu=

V`g jwfbgv lkz v`nu hevn|nv~ nu wuwhaa~ akr! hav`kwb` g|gz~ Fnuvznev `hu 8' kl v`gnz ~ghza~

jwfbgv haakehvgf lkz v`g gi|nzkiogivha tzkvgevnki hevn|nvngu3 v`nu nu ehaagf v`g

‑Gi|nzkiogiv Anlg/rkzc jwfbgv)‟ @krg|gz! okuv kl v`nu jwfbgv nu wugf lkz rhuvg

ekaagevnki hif vzghvogiv hevn|nvngu) V`g `wohi zgukwzegu h|hnahjag lkz notagogivnib v`g gi|nzkiogivha ekoowinehvnki

hevn|nvngu hzg anonvgf) Okuv kl v`g `wohi zgukwzegu ekog lzko v`g Fnuvznev Kllneg kl

Ihvwzha Zgukwzegu hif Gi|nzkiogivha! hu rgaa hu lzko Gi|nzkiogivha hif Ahif kllnegzu

lzko rhzfu hif ekoowigu

V`gug kllnegzu `h|g anonvgf cikragfbg kl gi|nzkiogivha ekoowinehvnki hif rhuvg

ohihbgogiv3 v`nu gutgenhaa~ httangu vk kllnegzu hv v`g ekoowig ag|ga)




Ni h ugekif t`hug (:485 ― onf :486. v`g ehthenv~ fg|gaktogiv hevnkiu hzg ekivniwgf ekhe`nib

(jwv aguu nivgiun|g. kl v`g e`hibg tzkeguu hu fgueznjgf ni v`g FUROTu! hif jhugf ki r`hv `hu

jggi he`ng|gf ni :488) Lwzv`gzokzg! vge`ineha vzhninibu rnaa hauk jg tzk|nfgf lkz v`g utgenlne

iggfu v`hv `h|g ekog wt ni v`g rkzcnib bzkwtu)

5)>)5 Jhune lkz h Hrhzgiguu Zhnunib Tzkbzhoog lzko :48: vk :486

Wifgz v`g ohihbgogiv kl v`g TTOW! v`g GTH kl v`g Jni` Fni` FKIZG nu ekivzhevgf (`nzgf. vk

ehzz~ kwv hi Hrhzgiguu Zhnunib Tzkbzhoog (HZT. v`hv nieawfgu h tnakv t`hug ni :488) Lwzv`gz

ekaahjkzhvnki rnv` GTH lkz v`g gpvgiunki t`hug lzko :48: vk :486 rnaa jg ekiunfgzgf jhugf ki

v`g he`ng|gogiv ag|ga kl v`g tnakv t`hug ni :488) V`g vhzbgv bzkwt kl v`nu ekotkigiv nieawfg v`gekoowinv~ tgktag hif v`g twtnau ni tznohz~ hif ugekifhz~ ue`kkau) V`g hrhzgiguu zhnunib nu

tahiigf ni bzghv fgvhna ni v`g HZT fkewogiv kl tnakv t`hug! r`ne` nieawfgu v`g hrhzgiguu zhnunib

tzkbzhoog lkz v`g @khn I`ki Fnuvznev) @gzg v`g tahi zgekoogifu v`hv=

V`g hrhzgiguu zhnunib u`kwaf jg ehzzngf kwv ni okuv kl v`g hzghu r`gzg v`g URO u~uvgo

nu hazghf~ kz rnaa jg guvhjanu`gf)

V`g ogojgzu kl v`g ekoowinehvnki bzkwt u`kwaf jg ekotagogivgf j~ ogojgzu kl v`g

rhuvg ekaagevnki bzkwt! uk v`hv v`gug ehi ekktgzhvg ni v`g ekoowinehvnki hevn|nvnguzgbhzfnib ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv hv v`g ekoowinv~ ag|ga)

Jgunfg v`g bgigzha kjmgevn|g kl v`g HZT! v`g utgenlne kjmgevn|gu u`kwaf jg okzg ekiezgvg

uwe` hu=

k Niezghunib v`g iwojgz kl `kwug`kaf ni|ka|nib v`g rhuvg ekaagevnki ugz|neg n)g)

lzko 84' vk 74')

k Niezghunib v`g iwojgz kl `kwug`kaf th~nib lkz v`g rhuvg ekaagevnki ugz|neg jhugf

ki v`g jhuganig r`gi tzkbzhoog uvhzvgf)




Vk guvhjanu` cg~ Gi|nzkiogivha Ekoowinehvnki Vghou rnv`ni vkriu! ekoowigu hif

ue`kkau zhtnfa~) V`gug vghou rnaa jg vzhnigf ni gi|nzkiogivha ekoowinehvnki tznientagu

hif ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv ni kzfgz vk jg hjag vk kzbhinug hif notagogiv v`gug

hevn|nvngu! rnv` v`g bkha v`hv v`g~ owuv jg hjag vk kzbhinug ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv

hevn|nvngu rnv`ni v`gnz kri vkri! rhzf kz ekoowig)

V`g cg~ bzkwtu rnaa jg vzhnigf rnv` uwllnengiv cikragfbg ki gi|nzkiogivha

ekoowinehvnki hif uwuvhnihjag ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv! ukawvnkiu vk zgfweg rhuvg hv

fwotunvg! ucnaau ki kzbhinunib hif notagogivnib v`g gi|nzkiogivha ekoowinehvnki

hevn|nv~ hv ekoowinv~ ag|ga)

V`g vkriu! ekoowigu hif ue`kkau u`kwaf lkzowahvg hif notagogiv v`gnz nifn|nfwha

ekoowinehvnki tahiu ki rhuvg nuuwgu rnv` v`g hno kl oggvnib v`g kjmgevn|gu kl v`gFnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi)

V`g notzk|gogiv kl v`g ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv ugz|negu rnv`ni v`g fnuvznev! vkriu hif

ekoowigu rnaa jg okinvkzgf ki h xwhzvgza~! ugoguvgz kz ~ghza~ jhunu hu httzktznhvg)

@gzg tzgenug nifnehvkzu rnaa jg wugf vk ekothzg v`g hevwha tzkbzguu rnv` v`g kjmgevn|gu kl

v`g Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi! uwe` hu v`g tgzegivhbg kl `kwug`kafu

zgegn|nib rhuvg ekaagevnki ugz|neg! v`g tgzegivhbg kl `kwug`kafu v`hv hzg th~nib rhuvg

ekaagevnki lggu! hif v`g tgzegivhbg kl `kwug`kafu v`hv hzg vzghvnib kzbhine rhuvg hv

`kog) Fwznib v`g tgznkf :48:/:486! v`g jwfbgv zgukwzeg rnaa zga~ ki v`g Rhvgz Uwtta~ hif

Uhinvhvnki Tzkmgev„u jwfbgv) V`g lkewu rnaa jg ki ehthenv~ fg|gaktogiv lkz ekzg vghou)

Lkz v`g tgznkf lzko :487 v`g lkewu rnaa jg ki ohnivhninib v`g gpnuvnib hevn|nvngu! `gieg

akrgznib v`g lnihienha zgxwnzgogivu) @gzg v`g zgukwzeg lzko Gi|nzkiogiv Anlg/rkzc

jwfbgv u`kwaf jg hjag vk ek|gz v`g igeguuhz~ tzkmgev hevn|nvngu)

5)>)7 Kzbhinuhvnki hif Notagogivhvnki Uvzwevwzg




V`g zgukwzegu hif lwievnkiu u`kwaf hu lkaakru=

Winv Zgutkiunjnanvngu Ogojgzu

8 Gi|nzkiogivha

Ekoowinehvnki

Ekzg vgho hv

fnuvznev ag|ga

/ Ni e`hzbg kl k|gzhaa ohihbgogiv

hif ekkzfnihvg v`g gi|nzkiogivha

ekoowinehvnki hevn|nv~ hv fnuvznev

ag|ga)

/ Vk httzk|g hevn|nv~ tahi hif

uwttkzv

jwfbgv+vkkau+oghiu+fkewogivu lkz

gi|nzkiogivha ekoowinehvnkihevn|nv~)

/ Vk kzngiv v`g tzgenug kjmgevn|gu lkz

ghe` hzgh! ghe` tgznkf lkz v`g

gi|nzkiogivha ekoowinehvnki

bzkwtu hv vkriu! ekoowigu jhugf

ki v`g httzk|gf (kz hfmwuv fwznib

v`g notagogivhvnki tzkeguu.)

/ Vk kzbhinug ehthenv~ fg|gaktogivlkz cg~ bzkwtu ki URO hif

ekoowinehvnki ucnaa)

/ Ni v`g tgznkf :48: ― :486 TTOW

hif GTH rnaa fnzgev uwttkzv jwfbgv

hu rgaa hu vge`inxwgu) Lzko :487 ―

:4:7 v`g bzkwtu rnaa jg ugal/

ohihbgogiv hif notagogiv

/ Aghfgz+Fnzgevkz kl v`g

Ihvwzha Zgukwzeg hif

Gi|nzkiogiv Kllneg

/ Fnuvznev Ihvwzha Zgukwzeg hif

Gi|nzkiogiv Kllneg kllnegzu)

/ Fnuvznev Rkogi„u Winki

kllnegz

/ Fnuvznev ^kwv` Huukenhvnkikllnegz

/ Fnuvznev Lhzonib Huukenhvnki

kllnegz)

/ Fnuvznev Gfwehvnkiha Kllneg

uvhll)

/ (< ogojgzu.





notagogivhvnki tzkeguu jhugf ki

v`g uwtgz|nukz~ tahi hif fgvhnagf

nifnehvkzu ni kzfgz vk hfmwuv v`g

hevnki tahi heekzfniba~

5 Gi|nzkiogivha

Ekoowinehvnki

Ekzg Vgho hv

ue`kka ag|ga

/ Vk thzvnenthvg nivk ehthenv~

fg|gaktogiv tzkbzho rnaa jg

kzbhinugf j~ v`g fnuvznev)

/ Vk ekktgzhvg rnv` `ghf

vghe`gzu+onuvzguu ni ue`kkau vk jwnaf

h ~ghza~ GE hif uwjonv vk v`gfnuvznev lkz httzk|ha)

/ Vk tzk|nfg fkewogivu+

ekoowinehvnki vkkau+ jwfbgv lkz GE

hevn|nvngu ni eahuugu)

/ Ni v`g tgznkf lzko :48: ― :486 rnaa

tzk|nfg vzhninib ki URO!

ekoowinehvnki ucnaau lkz `ghf

vghe`gzu ni ue`kkau)/ Vk ekktgzhvg rnv` hif uwttkzv

vghe`gzu ni ehzz~nib kwv v`g GE

hevn|nv~ jhugf ki v`g httzk|gf

hevnki tahi)

/ Vk zg|ngr g|gz~ xwhzvgz rnv` v`g

`ghf vghe`gz ki v`g tzkeguu kl v`g

tzkbzho jhugf ki v`g hevnki tahi

/ Zgtzgugivhvn|g kl ue`kka

ohihbgogiv jkhzf)

/ Vghe`gzu r`k ni e`hzbg kl

v`g ok|gogivu

/ Vghe`gzu hv tznohz~ ue`kka=

vghe`nib owune hif lnig hzvu)Vghe`gzu hv ugekifhz~

ue`kkau= vghe`nib en|neu hif

jnkakb~





rhuvg ni vnog! ukzvnib rhuvg hv

`kog! vzghvogiv kzbhine rhuvg hv

`kog j~ unotag vge`inxwgu)

/ Vk zgekzf nilkzohvnki+fhvh! fgvhna

lnbwzg rnv` v`g ekzg bzkwt vk

uwtgz|nug v`g notagogivnib tzkeguu

kl v`g gi|nzkiogivha

ekoowinehvnki hevn|nvngu

zghf~ vk thzvnenthvg nivk

gi|nzkiogivha

ekoowinehvnki hevn|nv~)

/ Rhuvg ekaagevnki

rkzcgzu hv ekoowinv~)

7 Gi|nzkiogivha

EkoowinehvnkiVgho hv ue`kka

ag|ga

/ Vk thzvnenthvg nivk ehthenv~

fg|gaktogiv tzkbzho ki URO!gi|nzkiogivha ekoowinehvnki ucnaau

kzbhinugf j~ ue`kkau)

/ Vk ekktgzhvg rnv` ekzg bzkwt vk

lkzowahvg v`g GE hevn|nv~ lkz ue`kka)

/ Vk ehzz~ kwv v`g GE hevn|nv~ ni

eahuugu) V`g ohni GE tzkbzho rnaa

jg= vghe`nib v`g twtnau ki `h|nib

znb`v hvvnvwfg+jg`h|nkwz rnv` v`gfnutkuha kl rhuvg! kzbhinug ukog

ekiezgvg hevn|nvngu lkz twtnau

thzvnenthvg hu rhuvg ugthzhvnki hv

ue`kka3 vzghvnib lkkf rhuvgu! aghlu

hv ue`kka j~ wunib unotag vge`inxwgu

(heekzfnib vk v`g ekifnvnki kl ghe`

ue`kka.3 kzbhinug ekotgvnvnki lkz

Lkz Tznohz~ ue`kkau! v`g vgho

rnaa jg nieawfgf kl haa vghe`gzu(ghe` vghe`gz rnaa ni e`hzbg kl

kig eahuu.)

Lkz ugekifhz~ ue`kkau! v`g vgho

rnaa jg nieawfgf onuvzguugu ni

kzfgz vk nivgbzhvg v`nu uwjmgev

nivk v`gnz zgbwahz oggvnibu kz

kzbhinug gpvzh/ewzznewahz

hevn|nvngu




Nivzkfwenib v`g tzkmgev hevn|nvngu xwhzvgza~)

Nivzkfwenib v`g kzbhine rhuvg vzghvogiv unotag vge`ikakbngu uwe` hu ekotkuvnib hif v`g

jahec ukafngz la~ ahz|hg)

Tzhevneha hutgevu kl v`g ukanf rhuvg ekaagevnki u~uvgo)

V`g notkzvhieg kl th~nib rhuvg ekaagevnki lggu)

Nivzkfwenib okzg bgigzha hutgevu kl v`g ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv u~uvgo nuuwg ni Jni`

Fni`)

Lkz v`g ekoowinehvnki v`zkwb` vgag|nunki nv nu uwbbguvgf vk hf|gzvnunib bkkf jg`h|nkwz v`zkwb` h

lgr |nfgk eantu v`hv hzg havgzihvgf hu v`g gi|nzkiogivha ekoowinehvnki tzkbzhoog rnaa jgnotagogivgf v`zkwb`kwv v`g ~ghz) V`g e`hibgu ni eantu rnaa cggt tgktag rhve`nib) Uegigu hif

uezntvu u`kwaf jg fg|gaktgf lkz gfwehvnkiha twztkug jwv rnv` h bzghv ugiug kl `wokwz) Hevkzu„

tzhevnegu hzg zgtzgugivhvn|g kl v`g akeha tgktag„u tzhevnegu) V`g GTH u`kwaf unbi v`g ekivzhev rnv`

v`g tzk|nienha vgag|nunki ekothi~ vk jzkhfehuv v`g tzkbzhoog hv h egzvhni vnog fwznib v`g fh~

r`gi nv nu cikri v`hv okuv tgktag rnaa jg rhve`nib v`g akeha V\ e`hiiga) Lkz gphotag! v`g

jzkhfehuvnib vnog ehi jg ni v`g g|ginib hlvgz v`g igru tzkbzhoog kz fwznib v`g jzghc ni h lnao)

V`g tzkfwegf |nfgk eantu u`kwaf jg ektngf nivk F\Fu vk jg fnuvznjwvgf vk okvn|hvkzu! vkriu!ekoowigu! ue`kkau hif kv`gz en|na kzbhinuhvnkiu hu uwttkzvnib NGE ohvgznha) V`gug |nfgk eantu ehi

v`gi jg u`kri ni oggvnibu! vzhninib uguunkiu kz rkzcu`ktu hv ue`kkau hif+kz lkz kzbhinuhvnkiu)

V`nu bn|gu h e`hieg lkz h iwojgz kl tgktag r`k fk ikv rhve` vgag|nunki vk jg httzkhe`gf j~ v`g

tzkbzhoog)

Lzko :48:! v`g Fnuvznev Tgktag„u Ekoonvvgg rnaa uwjonv tzktkuhau vk v`g Jni` Fni` Tgktag„u

Ekoonvvgg vk huunbi jkv` V\ hif zhfnk uvhvnkiu vk jzkhfehuv igru zgahvnib vk ukanf rhuvg




5)>)0 Uvzgibv`ginib v`g Zge~eanib hv Ukwzeg

V`nu Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi ehaau lkz 87' kl v`g vkvha bgigzhvgf fkoguvne ukanf

rhuvg uvzgho! ekiunuvnib kl kzbhine rhuvg! vk jg vzghvgf hv ukwzeg j~ v`g ~ghz :4:7 ni vkriu hifancgrnug 54' ni ekoowigu) V`nu rnaa ehaa lkz vgeìkakbngu uwe` hu v`kug fgueznjgf ni ugevnki :)8)5!

ek|gznib v`g ekotkuvnib kl ohzcgv rhuvg! v`g wuhbg kl Ogukt`nane Uvkzhbg Winvu lkz `kwug`kafu

hif ekoogzenha jahec ukafngz la~ ahz|hg tzkfwevnki) Giuwznib v`hv uwe` ogv`kfkakbngu hzg

uweeguulwaa~ notagogivgf v`zkwb`kwv v`g Fnuvznev rnaa zgxwnzg hi notkzvhiv hif ekivniwkwu

hrhzgiguu zhnunib hif gfwehvnkiha gllkzv) Ninvnhaa~! nv nu |gz~ notkzvhiv v`hv fgokiuvzhvnki tzkmgevu

hzg notagogivgf wifgz v`g fnzgevnki kl v`g Fnuvznev Tzkmgev Ohihbgogiv Jkhzf vk u`kr v`hv v`g

vgeìkakbngu ehi jg uweeguulwaa~ notagogivgf ni jkv` vkriu hif ekoowigu) V`zkwb` v`g

fgokiuvzhvnki tzkmgevu! v`kug zgutkiunjag rnaa aghzi (j~ vzhna hif gzzkz! hu rgaa hu v`zkwbèkiuwavhivu. `kr v`gug vzghvogiv ogv`kfu ehi jg ohfg vk rkzc)

V`nu gifgh|kwz owuv nieawfg hi nieguuhiv tzkbzhoog kl ehthenv~ fg|gaktogiv hif huunuvhieg vk

ahzbgz/uehag ekotkuvnib kz ekoogzenha jahec ukafngz la~ ahz|hg tzkfwevnki3 hu rgaa hu h ekivniwgf

uwttkzv hv haa hfoninuvzhvn|g ag|gau rnv`ni v`g Fnuvznev vk notagogiv hif wt`kaf v`g ktgzhvnki kl

Ogukt`nane Uvkzhbg Winvu) Uvgtu v`hv u`kwaf jg vhcgi vk niuwzg v`g uweeguulwa notagogivhvnki hif

ktgzhvnki kl Ogukt`nane Uvkzhbg Winvu nieawfg=

Wifgz v`g fnzgevnki kl v`g Gi|nzkiogivha Ekoowinehvnki Ekzg Vgho hv vkri+ekoowig

ag|ga! v`g Gi|nzkiogivha Ekoowinehvnki Vgho hv ekoowinv~ ag|ga rnaa tzk|nfg

nilkzohvnki hif uwttkzv vk `kwug`kafu ohcnib wug kl v`g ogukt`nane uvkzhbg winvu)

V`g Gi|nzkiogivha Ekoowinehvnki Vghou hv ue`kka ag|ga rnaa zhnug v`g e`nafzgi„u nivgzguv

ni v`g vzghvogiv kl kzbhine rhuvg hv ukwzeg hif bn|g v`go hi wifgzuvhifnib hif nivgzguv

ni v`g tzktkugf ogukt`nane uvkzhbg winvu)

V`g tzk|nienha ag|ga jzkhfehuvnib v`zkwb` v`g twjane ogfnh (ugg ugevnki 5 > <. rnaa zhnug




5)>)> Ehthenv~ Fg|gaktogiv hif Vzhninib rnv`ni v`g Fnuvznev

V`g Fnuvznev rnaa iggf uwttkzv ni v`g lkzo kl vge`ineha gptgzvnug vk twv nivk ktgzhvnki v`nu Ukanf

Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi) Nv nu lkzguggi v`hv httzkpnohvga~ 884 ohi fh~u kl ihvnkiha gptgzvnugrnaa jg h|hnahjag vk v`g Fnuvznev lkz v`g ~ghzu :48: vk :486) V`nu gptgzvnug ehi jg wugf vk `gat

vgifgz lkz gxwntogiv! vk `gat rnv` fgokiuvzhvnki tzkmgev! lkz vzhninib kl Fnuvznev uvhll hif kv`gzu

ni|ka|gf ni ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv! hu rgaa hu huunuvnib rnv` ekotagvnib v`g igr ukanf rhuvg

ohihbgogiv u~uvgo)

5)>)84 Ekuv kl Ehthenv~ Fg|gaktogiv hif Hrhzgiguu Zhnunib Tzkbzhoogu :48: ―

:4:7

V`g ekuvu kl v`g hjk|g tzkbzhoogu v`hv hzg fgueznjgf ni v`nu ugevnki hzg guvnohvgf ni v`nuugevnki)




28

Vhjag 5):> Hiiwha Ekuvu lkz Fnuvznev Hrhzgiguu Zhnunib Tzkbzhoog (ni 8!444 \IF.Hevn|nv~ vkvha :488 /

:486

Winv Ik tzneg

Ekuv

Ik tzneg

Ekuv

Ik tzneg

Ekuv

Ik tzneg

Ekuv

Ik tzneg

Ekuv

8 Vge`ineha Gptgzvnug Uwttkzv :!564!444 8!504!444 8!504!444 7!844!444

Tkka kl Gptgzvu fh~u 74 67!444 :!:74!444 54 67!444 8!574!444 54 67!444 8!574!444

Vzhninib Ohvgznhau hif Ekwzug Ekuvu winv 84 7!444 74!444 < 7!444 54!444 < 7!444 54!444

Fgokiuvzhvnki Tzkmgevu 8 64!444 64!444 / /: Ehthenv~ jwnafnib lkz ekzg vgho hv Fnuv) ag|ga :7:!:44 >:!:44 :52!:44 >2!:44 <20!044 2!:44

:)8 Vzhninib+ rkzcu`kt hv Fnuv) ag|ga 04!444 / / / 04!444 / 8<4!444 /

Lkz ekzg vgho kl vkr iu+ekoowigu Vnog : :4!444 64!444 : :4!444 64!444 04!444

Lkz ekzg vgho kl ue`kka Vnog : :4!444 64!444 : :4!444 64!444 04!444

:): U`hznib gptgzngieg 04!444 / 04!444 / 8<4!444 /

4 Vnog : :4!444 64!444 : :4!444 64!444 04!444

Lkz ekzg vgho kl ue`kka Vnog : :4!444 64!444 : :4!444 64!444 04!444

:)5 Hiiwha eakuwzg rkzcu`kt 64!444 64!444 64!444 <4!444 804!444 /

Lkz ekzg vgho kl vkr iu+ekoowigu Vnog 8 :4!444 :4!444 8 :4!444 :4!444 8 :4!444 :4!444 8 54!444 54!444 >4!444

Lkz ekzg vgho kl ue`kka Vnog 8 :4!444 :4!444 8 :4!444 :4!444 8 :4!444 :4!444 8 54!444 54!444 >4!444

:)6 Ekoowinehvnki vkkau winv > 7!444 67!444 > 7!444 67!444 < 7!444 54!444 < 7!444 54!444 874!444 /

:)7 Ohihbgogiv lgg (uvhvnkihz~+ vzhiutkzvhvnki oghiu. Fnuv) Ekzg vgho (<

tgz). Tgz)< 8!:44 2!:44 < 8!:44 2!:44 < 8!:44 2!:44 < 8!:44 2!:44 :0!044 < 8!:44 2!:44

5 Notagogivnib Hrhzgiguu zhnunib hv ekoowinv~ :77!<44 :77!<44 :>8!444 :>8!444 8!4>5!:44 :48!444

Lkzowahvnib hiiwha hevnki tahi Vnog > 7!444 67!444 > 7!444 67!444 87 7!444 27!444 87 7!444 27!444 :64!444 87 7!444 27!444

Uwttkzvnib ekoowinv~ hevn|nvngu (vkr iu+ ekoowigu. Vnog > 87!444 857!444 > 87!444 857!444 < 87!444 >4!444 < 87!444 >4!444 674!444

Ohihbgogiv lgg (uvhvnkihz~+ vzhiutkzvhvnki oghiu. vkriu+ ekoowigu Ekzgvgho (2 tgz)+ vkr iu+ ekoowigu. Vnog

> 0!644 27!<44 > 0!644 27!<44 87 0!644 8:<!444 87 0!644 8:<!444 645!:44 87 0!644 8:<!444

6 Notagogivnib Hrhzgiguu zhnunib hv ue`kka 80>!444 80>!444 < ::7!444 ::7!444 0:0!444 8<7!444

Lkzowahvnib hiiwha hevnki tahi Vnog > 7!444 67!444 > 7!444 67!444 87 7!444 27!444 87 7!444 27!444 :64!444 87 7!444 27!444

Uwttkzvnib ue`kka hevn|nvngu (vkr iu+ ekoowigu. Vnog > 84!444 >4!444 > 84!444 >4!444 < 84!444 <4!444 < 84!444 <4!444 544!444

Ohihbgogiv lgg (uvhvnkihz~+ vzhiutkzvhvnki oghiu. Vnog > <!444 76!444 > <!444 76!444 87 <!444 >4!444 87 <!444 >4!444 :00!444 87 <!444 >4!444

Vkvha <><!044 :!02<!044 :!855!:44 8!>>5!:44 2!244!444 525!:44

:486 :487/:4:7 (Hiiwha Ekuvu.:488 (> vk ri u+ekoowig u. :48: (> vk ri u+

ekoowigu.

:485 (< igr ekoowigu.




Vhjag 5)54 Jwfbgv Ehthenv~ Fg|gaktogiv lkz Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv (Gwzk.

(lzko gpega lnag *EF hevnkiu

:488 / UGO:*

:488 Vkvha

~ghz

Jhunu lkz ehaewahvnki

Guvhjanu`ogiv kl

FUROBzkwtu , uwjbzkwtu ni

6 fnuvznevu=

<!:44

Fglnig ekhe`nib tzkeguu kl

uwj/bzkwtu=

0!564

Uvhzv wt ekhe`nib tzkeguugu ,

lkaakr wt

56!444

Vkvha 60!764

:48: niezghunib nitwv (@Z#jwfbgv. lzko

tzk|nieg+fnuvznevu nu iggfgf

ekhe`nib kl uwj bzkwtu

(ekiuwavhiv lggu.

60!444 7 rkzcnib

bzkwtu-844GWZ+ekiuwavhiv+f-0f+o-8:o

ekhe`nib tzkeguu

(oggvnibu+rkzcu`ktu.

84!404 54 GWZ+oggvnib-6 fnuvznevu-8 jkhzf , 7

rkzcnib bzkwtu-8:o

Vkvha 70!404

:485 niezghunib nitwv (@Z#jwfbgv. lzko

tzk|nieg+fnuvznevu nu iggfgf

ekivniwgf ekhe`nib (aguu

nivgiun|g.

:7!:44 (8 jkhzf#<

rkzcnibbzkwtu.-844GWZ+ekiuwavhiv+f-5f+




Vhjag 5)58 Vkvha ekuv lkz v`g Twjane Jzkhfehuvnib Tzkbzhoog ek|gznib lkwz Fnuvznevu (ni 8!444

\IF.

Hu ehi jg uggi lzko v`g hjk|g hjkwv 7 jnaanki \IF kl vgeìneha uwttkzv hzg lkzguggi k|gz v`g

~ghzu :48: vk :486! r`nauv v`g tahi nu jgnib notagogivgf) V`g ekuvu lkz v`g hrhzgiguu zhnunib

tzkbzhoog ekog vk httzkpnohvga~ :)< jnaanki \IF lkz v`g hrhzgiguu zhnunib tzkbzhoog tawu

hjkwv 8 jnaanki \IF lkz v`g twjane jzkhfehuvnib tzkbzhoog) @gzghlvgz v`g hiiwha ekuvu hzghttzkpnohvga~ 524 onaanki \IF lkz v`g hrhzgiguu zhnunib hif 574 onaanki lkz v`g twjane

jzkhfehuvnib ek|gznib haa lkwz Fnuvznevu) V`g Rhvgz Uwtta~ hif Uhinvhvnki tzkmgev fkgu ikv `h|g

uwllnengiv lwifu vk ek|gz v`gug ekuvu! uk thzvnenthvnki kl v`g Gi|nzkiogiv Anlg/rkzc jwfbgv rnaa jg

zgxwnzgf)

Vkvha

:48:/ :486UVV Ekivgiv winv Tzneg Ik vkvha ekuv Ik vkvha ekuv Ik vkvha ekuv Ik vkvha ekuv

8 Vgag|nunki uvhvnki :06!444 :06!444 :06!444 07:!444 :06!444

8)8 Vgag|nunki igru vnog 644 84 6!444 84 6!444 84 6!444 8:!444 84 6!444

8): \nfgk eant tzkfwevnki |nfgk eant 844!444 8 844!444 8 844!444 8 844!444 544!444 8 844!444

8)5 \nfgk eant jzkhfehuv vnog :!444 >4 804!444 >4 804!444 >4 804!444 764!444 >4 804!444

: Zhfnki uvhvnki >!<44 >!<44 >!<44 :0!044 >!<44

:)8 Zhfnk igru vnog 644 6 8!<44 6 8!<44 6 8!<44 6!044 6 8!<44

:):Vgeìneha hzvneag (ekotkuvnib! UR O

uwuvhnihjnanv~.hzvneag :!444 6 0!444

6 0!444

6 0!444 :6!444

6 0!444

5 Igruthtgz 6!044 6!044 6!044 86!644 6!044

5)8 Igru thbg hzvneag 644 : 044 : 044 : 044 :!644 : 044

5): Vgeìneha hzvneag (ekotkuvnib. hzvneag :!444 : 6!444 : 6!444 : 6!444 8:!444 : 6!444

6 Twjanu gogiv kl F\F winv 7 84!444 74!444 84!444 74!444 84!444 74!444 874!444 84!444 74!444

Vkvha 560!644 84!444 560!644 84!444 560!644 8!467!:44 84!444 560!644

^ghza~ (:487 / :4:7.

:48: :485 :486




E@HTVGZ 6

NOTAGOGIVHVNKI TAHIU

6)8 Nivzkfwevnki

V`g Fnuvznev Hevnki Tahi fgueznjgu v`g ohni hevn|nvngu zgxwnzgf vk notagogiv v`g Fnuvznev Ukanf

Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi) V`g Hevnki Tahi ek|gzu h 7—~ghz tgznkf hif hffzguugu v`g lkaakrnib

nuuwgu=

V`g ugv/wt h Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Jkhzf3

Ugvvnib wt h Rhuvg Zgukwzeg Egivzg

V`g guvhjanu`ogiv kl v`g Gi|nzkiogivha Ekoowinehvnki Vghou3

Vhcnib v`g igeguuhz~ fgenunkiu j~ hwv`kznvngu hif tgzonvvnib hevn|nvngu3

Lkz v`g fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv u~uvgo hv v`g ukwzeg ag|ga= Giuwzg (8. rhuvg

bgigzhvnki oninonuhvnki hv ukwzeg j~ zgwug hif zge~eanib! `kog ekotkuvnib! gve)! (:.

fnutkug kl rhuvg ki vnog hif ni v`g znb`v taheg! (5. tkaawvgz th~u lgg lkz ekaagevnki hif

vzhiutkzvhvnki kl rhuvg3

Notzk|g fkoguvne ukanf rhuvg ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzvhvnki u~uvgo j~ ni|guvnib ni h

uwllnengiv iwojgz kl bkkf xwhanv~ rhuvg ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzvhvnki gxwntogiv vkgiuwzg h zganhjag rhuvg ekaagevnki lzko v`g ugz|negf hzghu3

Oninonug gi|nzkiogivha nothevu lzko hi~ fwotunvg hif+kz wug h okfgzi uhinvhz~

ahiflnaa3

Lkz v`g `ghav`ehzg rhuvg ohihbgogiv u~uvgo giuwzg v`hv nilgevnkwu rhuvg nu ekaagevgf

lzko haa ukwzegu hif vzghvgf ni heekzfhieg rnv` v`g Oninuvz~ kl @ghav` zgbwahvnkiu3

Lkz nifwuvznha ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv giuwzg v`hv v`gug hzg `hifagf tzktgza~ rnv`ni v`g

rhuvg bgigzhvkz„u tzgonugu)

` a f a




giuwzg h eakug ekktgzhvnki jgvrggi v`g fnllgzgiv hevkzu hif kllgzu h lkzwo lkz twjane

thzvnenthvnki)

V`g Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Jkhzf ehi guvhjanu` rkzcnib bzkwtu ek|gznib okzg utgenlne

vktneu wifgz v`g Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi) Hzghu v`hv u`kwaf jg ek|gzgf j~ |hznkwu

Rkzcnib Bzkwtu nieawfg=

Lwifnib kl haa hevn|nvngu hif Lgg Ekaagevnki

Vzghvogiv kl kzbhine rhuvg hv ukwzeg

Rhuvg Ekaagevnki hif Vzhiutkzv

Uhinvhz~ Ahiflnaa Nifwuvznha Rhuvg

@ghav`ehzg Rhuvg

Twjane nilkzohvnki! hrhzgiguu zhnunib hif ehthenv~ fg|gaktogiv)

Uwe` rkzcnib bzkwtu rkwaf ni vwzi `h|g ekivhev tgzukiu httknivgf hv v`g vkri kz ekoowig

ag|ga)

V`g Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Jkhzf rnaa okinvkz v`g notagogivhvnki kl v`g rhuvgohihbgogiv u~uvgo) V`g oghiu v`hv nv rnaa okinvkz tzkeguu fwznib v`g notagogivhvnki t`hug

hif tzk|nfg uwjugxwgiv lkaakr/wt fwznib v`g ktgzhvnki kl v`g u~uvgo) V`g Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg

Ohihbgogiv Jkhzf rnaa giuwzg v`hv haa hevkzu hzg gpgewvnib v`gnz hevn|nvngu ni h vnoga~ ohiigz)

@gieg ghe` hfoninuvzhvn|g winv (vkriu+ekoowigu. rnaa `h|g h bzkwt kz ekoonvvgg hv v`gnz ag|ga

v`hv zgtkzvu vk v`g Fnuvznev ag|ga jkhzf)

V`g Jkhzf rnaa zgegn|g zgtkzvu lzko haa hevkzu! haakrnib nv vk okinvkz tzkbzguu hif vk vhcg

H I` Fn n U anf R O Ta




fkikzu! niekog bgigzhvnki hif uwttkzv lzko v`g Bk|gziogiv kl \ngviho) V`g Egivzg nu vk jg

uvhllgf vk uwttkzv v`g tzk|nunki kl v`g ekzg ugz|negu3 v`gug u`haa ek|gz v`g lkaakrnib hzghu rnv`ni

ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv=

Vge`ineha uwttkzv rnv`ni rhuvg ohihbgogiv u~uvgou

Ktgzhvnki hu h fgokiuvzhvnki hif zgughze` egivzg

Kllgz ekivhevu jgvrggi |hznkwu tah~gzu rnv`ni v`g rhuvg ohihbgogiv fkohni

Huunuvnib rnv` kjvhninib ehzjki ezgfnvu (EFO.

Ukenha uwttkzv hif vzhninib lkz haa rkzcgzu rnv`ni rhuvg ohihbgogiv

Tzk|nunki kl vzhninib ugz|negu

V`g RZE rnaa ugz|g hu h cikragfbg egivzg tzk|nfnib gptgzvnug rnv`ni v`g hjk|gogivnkigf lngafu)

Zhvnkihaa~ nv u`kwaf jg jhugf ni Xw~ I`ki hif ugz|g v`g r`kag tzk|nieg) Lwzv`gzokzg! v`g egivzg

rnaa okuv ancga~ gifgh|kwz vk ugaa nvu ugz|negu lwzv`gz hlngaf) Nfghaa~ v`g egivzg u`kwaf uggc anicu vk

win|gzunvngu! zgughze` niuvnvwvnkiu hif kv`gz unonahz kzbhinuhvnkiu vk uvzgibv`gi nvu rkzc hif

cikragfbg jhug)

6):)5 K|gzhaa Nivgbzhvgf Hrhzgiguu Zhnunib Uvzhvgb~

Hv tzk|nienha ag|ga! GTH nu v`g k|gzhaa uwtgz|nukz kl Hrhzgiguu Zhnunib lkz rhuvg ohihbgogiv) Lkz

g|gz~ v~tg kl rhuvg ohihbgogiv (nifwuvznha rhuvg ohihbgogiv! `ghav` ehzg rhuvg ohihbgogiv!

kzbhine rhuvg vzghvogiv hv ukwzeg! ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzv kl fkoguvne rhuvg! ahiflnaa

ekiuvzwevnki hif ktgzhvnki! hbznewavwzha rhuvg ohihbgogiv. GTH bwnfgu! uwttkzvu hif uwtgz|nugu

v`g rkzcnib bzkwtu wifgz v`g Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Jkhzf)

GTH rnaa rkzc vkbgv`gz rnv` haa fnuvznev rkzcnib bzkwtu hif rnv` v`g zgahvgf fgthzvogivu hv

tzk|nienha ag|ga=

H I` Fn v n v U anf R v O v Ta




ukwzeg! ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzv! ahiflnaa ekiuvzwevnki hif ktgzhvnki.! v`gzg nu h iggf lkz utgenlne

hrhzgiguu zhnunib tzkbzhou tgz hzgh)

Gpegtv lkz v`g rkzcnib bzkwtu ‑vzghvogiv kl kzbhine rhuvg hv ukwzeg‟ hif ‑ekaagevnki hifvzhiutkzv‟! haa rkzcnib bzkwtu iggf vk fg|gakt v`gnz kri hrhzgiguu zhnunib tahi hif notagogiv

nv)

V`g rkzcnib bzkwtu ‑vzghvogiv kl kzbhine rhuvg hv ukwzeg‟ hif ‑ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzv‟ fgha

okuva~ rnv` v`g twjane ni bgigzha hif ekivniwg v`g notagogivhvnki kl v`g tzkmgev„u hrhzgiguu

zhnunib uvzhvgb~ hif tahi lkz :484/:486! r`ne` nu fgueznjgf ni fgvhna jgakr)

Vk giuwzg v`g uwuvhnihjnanv~ kl v`g hrhzgiguu zhnunib tzkbzho hlvgz RUUT gifu! niezghunib nitwv(@Z # jwfbgv. lzko tzk|nieg nu iggfgf! ekotagogivhz~ vk v`g jwfbgv tzk|nfgf j~ RUUT)

V`gzglkzg! GTH hif v`g FTEu iggf vk nivgbzhvg v`g hrhzgiguu zhnunib tahi hif jwfbgv ni v`g

Ukenha/Gekikone Fg|gaktogiv Tahi kl v`g tzk|nieg)

6):)6 Guvhjanu`nib kzbhine ekotkuvnib hv `kwug`kafu hif ohzcgvu

Ni kzfgz vk niezghug hokwiv kl kzbhine rhuvg vk jg zgwugf hif zge~eagf (vk tzkfweg ekotkuv.!

v`g lkaakrnib hevn|nvngu u`kwaf jg fkig=

Lkz ohzcgv rhuvgu

Kzbhinug fgokiuvzhvnki okfgau hv h ohzcgv vk tzk|g v`hv nv nu tkuunjag! unotag hif

tzklnvhjag vk zgwug kzbhine rhuvg vk tzkfweg ekotkuv g|gi hv uohaa/uehag3

Lnifnib h|hnahjag hzgh hif bgvvnib hbzggogiv rnv` zgunfgivu r`k an|g eakug vk egivzha

ekotkuvnib hzgh kl kzbhine rhuvgu lzko ohzcgv3

Vzhninib rkzcgzu vk ktgzhvg v`g ekotkuvnib u~uvgo kl ohzcgv rhuvgu3

Uvhzvnib rnv` uohaa hokwiv kl rhuvgu vk bgv gptgzngieg ni ktgzhvnki hif niezghug

H I` Fn v n v U anf R v O v Ta




Hfmwuv rhuvg ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzvhvnki zkwvgu (lzko vzhiulgz tknivu vk v`g ahiflnaa.)

@nzg hif vzhni rhuvg ekaagevnki rkzcgzu! rkzcgzu hif fzn|gzu ktgzhvnib rhuvg

vzhiutkzvhvnki |g`neagu)

6):)< Jwnafnib h rhuvg fnutkuha unvg

Guvhjanu`nib h uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa nu h ekuva~ hif akib tzkeguu! fwznib r`ne` h iwojgz kl fnllgzgiv

hevn|nvngu `h|g vk jg ehzzngf kwv) Jzngla~ uwoohznugf! v`gug nieawfg v`g lkaakrnib ohni tknivu=

Bgvvnib httzk|ha kl fgvhnagf fgunbi hif GNH kl v`g uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa3

Kzbhinunib vgifgz lkz v`g ahiflnaa ekiuvzwevnki! gxwntogiv twze`hunib hif ahiflnaa

ktgzhvnki hif ohnivgihieg3

Ekiuvzwevnki kl v`g ahiflnaa egaau hif kv`gz uwttkzvnib nilzhuvzwevwzg3 Vzhninib rkzcgzu r`k rnaa jg zgutkiunjag lkz ahiflnaa ktgzhvnki hif ohnivgihieg3

Ktgzhvnib v`g ahiflnaa hif eakunib v`g kaf fwotunvgu)

6):)2 Giuwznib v`hv haa `ghav`ehzg rhuvg nu ekaagevgf hif vzghvgf

V`g notzk|gogiv kl v`g `ghav`ehzg rhuvg ohihbgogiv u~uvgo rnv`ni v`g Fnuvznev nu zgahvn|ga~

unotag! bn|gi v`hv h vzghvogiv u~uvgo v`hv oggvu v`g Oninuvz~ kl @ghav`„u zgxwnzgogivu nu hazghf~

ni taheg hif vzghvu nilgevnkwu rhuvg lzko ahzbg ukwzegu) V`g lkaakrnib hevn|nvngu rnaa jg iggfgf=

Fgvgzonig r`hv niuvnvwvnkiu bgigzhvg nilgevnkiu rhuvg v`hv nu ikv vzghvgf3 Zguka|g r`k rnaa th~ lkz v`g vzghvogiv kl v`g ekaagevgf rhuvg

Tahi h ekaagevnki u~uvgo hif fgvgzonig r`hv gxwntogiv nu zgxwnzgf (tahuvne jhbu! jniu!

uhlgv~ gxwntogiv! gve).3

Twze`hug hi~ zgxwnzgf gxwntogiv

Vzhninib kl `ghav` uvhvnki hif eanine uvhll

Notagogiv v`g u~uvgo





Vhjag 6)8 Hwv`kznv~ Fgenunkiu

Ik) Hevn|nv~ Fhvgu

8)8 Httzk|g Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Tahi Mhiwhz~ :48:

8): Guvhjanu` Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv Jkhzf Lgjzwhz~ :48:

8)5 Httzk|g jwfbgvu hif guvhjanu` lnihienib lkz v`g ukanf rhuvg

ohihbgogiv u~uvgo

Ohze` :48:

8)6 Fgenunki vk guvhjanu` h Rhuvg Zgukwzeg Egivzg Htzna :48:

8)7 Hogif agbnuahvnki (nl kz hu zgxwnzgf. Mhiwhz~ ―

Fgegojgz :48:

8)< Httzk|g ukanf rhuvg ohihbgogiv ue`gogu hu zgxwnzgf hu zgxwnzgf

8)2 Httzk|g twze`hugu hu zgxwnzgf8)0 Uwtgz|nug v`g notagogivhvnki kl haa u~uvgou :488 / :487

Vhjag 6): Guvhjanu`nib h fkoguvne rhuvg ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzvhvnki u~uvgo

Ik) Hevn|nv~ Fhvgu

:)8 Guvhjanu` h rkzcnib bzkwt wifgz v`g Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv

Jkhzf v`hv nu zgutkiunjag lkz v`g ekaagevnki hif vzhiutkzvhvnki kl

fkoguvne rhuvg)

Ohze` :48:

:): Fgvgzonig r`gv`gz h igr vhznll u~uvgo nu zgxwnzgf lkz v`g fnllgzgivwugzu (zgunfgivu! niuvnvwvnkiu! ohzcgvu gve).)

Lgjzwhz~ ― Htzna:48:

:)5 Fgvgzonig gpheva~ r`hv gxwntogiv u`kwaf jg twze`hugf Htzna :48:

:)6 Twze`hug :64 a jniu! <<4 a ekivhnigzu hif <<4 a twu`ehzvu Oh~ ― Mwa~ :48:

:)7 Twze`hug rhuvg ekaagevnki vzwecu) Oh~ ― Mwa~ :48:

:)< Twze`hug tgzukiiga gxwntogiv lkz rkzcgzu Oh~ ― Mwa~ :48:

:)2 @nzg igr uvhll= Hffnvnkiha uvhll rnaa jg iggfgf ni thzhaaga rnv` v`g Mwig ― Hwbwuv





Ik) Hevn|nv~ Fhvgu

5)6 Kzbhinug twjane nilkzohvnki v`zkwb` v`g Gi|nzkiogivha

Ekoowinehvnki Vghou

:48:/:485

5)7 Notagogiv v`g wug kl ogukt`nane uvkzhbg winvu ni ugagevgf hzghu)

Tzk|nfg vge`ineha hif lnihienha uwttkzv vk v`g `kwug`kafu)

Mhiwhz~ :48: /

Fgegojgz :485

5)< Okinvkznib hif g|hawhvnib v`g zguwavu kl v`g ogukt`nane uvkzhbg winvu :48: ― :485

5)2 Tzgthznib tahi vk gpthif v`nu ekotkuvnib okfga hokib zgunfgivnha

hzghu

:486/:48<

5)0 Tzgthznib tzkmgev kl ohzcgv rhuvg ekotkuvnib u~uvgo hif bgv httzk|ha Ohze` ― Mwig

:48:

5)> Twze`hug hi~ zgxwnzgf gxwntogiv Mwig ― Ugtv):48:

5)84 Ktgzhvnib ohzcgv rhuvg ekotkuvnib u~uvgo Kevkjgz :48:

5)84 Gpthif u~uvgo vk kv`gz ohzcgvu :485 / :487

Vhjag 6)6 Hevnkiu vk jg vhcgi vk guvhjanu` h uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa lkz v`g Fnuvznev

Ik) Hevn|nv~ Fhvgu=

6)8 Guvhjanu` h rkzcnib bzkwt wifgz v`g Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv

Jkhzf v`hv nu zgutkiunjag lkz v`g ekiuvzwevnki kl v`g uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa

Ohze` :48:

6): Vgifgz v`g fgunbi kl v`g igr uhinvhz~ ahiflnaa Mhiwhz~ ―

Ohze` :48:

6)5 Bgv Ekiuvzwevnki hif Ni|guvogiv zgtkzv httzk|gf Ohze` / Mwig

:48:

6)6 Ekotagvg Gi|nzkiogivha Nothev Huuguuogiv (GNH. Mwig ― Ugtv)

:48:

6 7 Bgv GNH httzk|gf Ugtv Kevkjgz





Ik) Hevn|nv~ Fhvgu=

(tahuvne jhbu! jniu! uhlgv~ gxwntogiv! gve). :48:

7)7 Twze`hug hi~ zgxwnzgf gxwntogiv Mwa~ ― Hwbwuv

:48:

7)< Vzhninib kl `ghav` uvhvnki hif eanine uvhll ni v`g ahjgaanib! uvkzhbg!

`hifanib hif vzhiutkzv kl nilgevnkwu rhuvg) Vzhninib ni v`g tzktgz wug

kl uhlgv~ gxwntogiv)

Ugtvgojgz

:48:

7)2 Uvhzv zgegn|nib hif vzghvnib nilgevnkwu rhuvg lzko haa ukwzegu) Kevkjgz :48:

Vhjag 6)< Hevnkiu vk jg vhcgi vk notzk|g v`g ohihbgogiv kl nifwuvznha rhuvgIk) Hevn|nv~ Fhvgu=

<)8 Guvhjanu` h rkzcnib bzkwt wifgz v`g Fnuvznev Ukanf Rhuvg Ohihbgogiv

Jkhzf v`hv nu zgutkiunjag lkz nifwuvznha rhuvg ohihbgogiv

Ohze` :48:

<): Fgvgzonig v`g v~tgu hif e`hzhevgznuvneu kl v`g nifwuvznha rhuvg

bgigzhvgf rnv`ni v`g Fnuvznev) Guvhjanu` h tahi lkz v`g ohihbgogiv kl

v`g nfgivnlngf nifwuvznha rhuvg)

Oh~ /

Ugtvgojgz

:48:

<)5 Nl igeguuhz~! zguka|g r`k rnaa th~ lkz v`g vzghvogiv kl v`g nifwuvznha

rhuvg

Kevkjgz ―

Fgegojgz :48:<)6 Nl iggfgf! fzhlv hif `h|g v`g FTE httzk|g h igr fgenunki zgbhzfnib

zgtkzvnib zgxwnzgogiv! hu rgaa hu v`g uvkzhbg! `hifanib hif fnutkuha

zgbwahvnkiu lkz nifwuvznha rhuvg bgigzhvkzu)

Kevkjgz ―

Fgegojgz :48:

<)7 Twze`hug hi~ zgxwnzgf gxwntogiv (tzkvgevn|g eakv`nib! uvkzhbg

ekivhnigzu! gve).

Mhiwhz~ :485

<)< Vzhninib kl Fnuvznev uvhll! nifwuvznha eawuvgz uvhll hif rhuvg ekaagevnki

uvhll ni v`g tzktgz tzkegfwzgu lkz ugbzgbhvnib |hznkwu rhuvg uvzghou hu

Lgjzwhz~ ― Htzna

:485





Hiigp H Vhjagu kl Rhuvg Xwhivnvngu :484 / :4:7




05

^ghz :484

Ik) Akehanv~

Rhuvg

Bgigzhvgf

tgz Tgzuki

(cb+tgzuki.

Tktwahvnki

(tgktag.

Vkvha

Rhuvg

Bgigzhvgf

(cb+fh~.

Ukaf vk

Zge~eagzu

'

Ukaf vk

Zge~eagzu

(cb+fh~.

Vzghvgf+

Ekotkuvgf

hv Ukwzeg

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Vzghvgf+

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hv Ukwzeg

(cb+fh~.

Jhahieg kl

Rhuvg

(cb+fh~.

Zhvg kl

ekaagevnki

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an nhon - district solid waste management plan & action plan

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