an integrated approach to foster science-based management of agricultural drainage channels in the...
TRANSCRIPT
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An Integrated Approach to Foster Science-Based Management of Agricultural Drainage
Channels in the Western Lake Erie Basin
USDA Project Director’s Meeting
October 12, 2016
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The Need for Drainage
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Optimized for a Single Purpose
Can we design and implement practices in ditches and headwater streams that satisfy the need for drainage, but also
reduce downstream impacts?
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Traditional Trapezoidal Ditch
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Erosion Deposition
Common Responses to Channelization
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A. Trapezoidal Channel
Original Channel
Trapezoidal Channel
Signifies Human Management
B. Two-Stage Channel (Natural)
Depositional Material
C. Two-Stage Channel (Constructed) E. Self-Forming Channel (1-year old) D. Self-Forming Channel (1-month old)
Channel Design and
Maintenance Approaches
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Channel Design Guidance
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How will our project help inform and advance the management of drainage channels in the WLEB?
1. Quantitatively measure sediment and nutrient retention within self-forming channel benches and assess their spatiotemporal variability (Research Objective)2. Assess ecosystem services provided by two-stage and self forming channels by evaluating soil microbiota biodiversity and functionality (Research Objective)3. Identify factors that affect adoption of alternative channel designs (Research and Extension Objective)4. Target implementation of alternative channel designs in the Western Lake Erie Basin (Research and Extension Objective)5.Conduct educational and extension activities to enhance student and stakeholder knowledge of innovative channel best management practices that improve water quality (Education and Extension Objective)
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Objective 1
Goal: Assess spatiotemporal variability of sediment and nutrients stored in floodplain benches• Factors• Ecoregion• Bench Position• Depth• Seasonal• Annual
• Soil physical and chemical properties– Bulk density– Particle size analysis– pH– Electrical conductivity– Total C, N, P– P fractionation– NO3-, NH4+– Soil microbial biomass C,
N, P
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Experimental Design: Ecoregions
• Maumee Lake Plains - poorly drained, fertile soils developed from clayey lake deposits that were historically Elm-Ash swamps and beech forests;
• Oak Openings - belt of wooded sand dunes and paleobeach ridges amongst broad plains with well-drained sandy soils;
• Paulding Plains - clayey lacustrine sediments and very poorly drained, illitic soils;• Clayey, High Lime Till Plains - surface of clayey till with well-defined moraines and
intervening, flat ground moraine;• Lake Country - Pitted moraine areas characterized by pothole lakes, marshes, and bogs
adjacent to well-drained kames and end moraines.
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Experimental Design: Bench Position
and Depth
US
NCDS
NB
0-5 cm5-20 cm
20-35 cm35-50 cmUpstream
Downstream
Near Bank
Near Channel
0-5 cm
5-20 cm
20-35 cm
3 Seasons:Late Spring/Early SummerLate Summer/Early AutumnLate Winter/Early Spring
Two Years – 2012, 2013
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Carbon and Nitrogen Retention
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2. Assess ecosystem services provided by two-stage and self forming channels by evaluating soil microbiota biodiversity and functionality (Research Objective)
• Measure soil microbial biomass – C, N, and P• Diversity and community structure – Illumina-
sequencing• Functional potential – Geochip functional gene array
platform• Expected outcomes – more holistic definition of
potential ecosystem services
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3. Identify factors that affect adoption of alternative channel designs (Research and Extension Objective)
• Phase I – telephone interviews with key decision makers to determine attitudes towards practices
• Phase II – landowner survey to determine willingness to adopt
• Phase III – field experiment to determine how expert involvement with landowners/decision makers influences adoption
• Expected outcomes – knowledge of factors that influence decisions
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Phase 3: Field Experiment• Role of information/education vs. stakeholder
participation and involvement in a collaborative process
• Hypothesis: Stakeholder engagement in developing information will lead to improved results for two reasons:– Engaging in the process yields buy-in to support the
results– Including stakeholders yields a better product –
information developed is more useful to stakeholders in their decision making
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Experimental Design
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Experimental Design
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Experimental Design
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Pre- and Post-Survey Scores Across Treatments
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Discussion• The information appeared to be more
important than engaging stakeholders in a collaborative process
• Results highlight:– Importance of making educational presentations
(~20% had heard about two-stage ditches)
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5. Conduct educational and extension activities to enhance student and stakeholder knowledge of innovative channel best management practices that improve water quality (Education and Extension Objective)
• Conferences• Coursework • Professional Journals• STEM Workshops– Ridgemont HS