the state of texas children: using data to advance your child well- being agenda frances deviney,...

The State of Texas Children:The State of Texas Children:Using Data to Advance Your Child Using Data to Advance Your Child

Well-being AgendaWell-being Agenda

Frances Deviney, PhDTexas KIDS COUNT Director

Center for Public Policy Priorities

Texas State CapitolJanuary 16, 2009

Good decisions are based on

GOOD DATA

that is timely, comprehensive,

geographically appropriate and

readily available.

Data for You!!!!

• Background research for bills & bill summaries• Talking points for press• Highlight areas of need in speeches• Handout to visitors/constituents

Showcase your research skills to benefit your boss, the children of your district, and the children

of Texas

Hispanic, 44.90%

Anglo, 38.8%

Black, 12.80% Other Race,

3.60%0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

Nearly 6.4 Million Children in Texas

Source: Ages 0-17, Texas State Data Center and the Office of the State Demographer, 2006 Population Estimates

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Texas

Harris

Dalla

s

Tarra

nt

Bexar

Co.

Hidal

go

El Pas

o

Travi

s

Remai

ning 2

47

HispanicAngloBlackOther Race

52% of all Texas kids live in just seven metro counties

Source: Ages 0-17, Texas State Data Center and the Office of the State Demographer, 2006 Population Estimates

44

.9%

55

.6%

67

.8%

38.8

%

29.7

%

18.9

%

12

.8%

10

.3%

7.5

%3.5% 4.4% 5.8%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

2006 2020 2040

Hispanic

Anglo

Black

OtherRace

Texas’ Children: Now and in the Future

Source: Texas State Data Center; 2006 Population Projections using 1.0 Scenario

6,376,714

  8,150,473

  11,084,621

Texas Public Schools:

A Testing Ground for Overall Child

Well-being

More than half of kids in Texas Public Schools Considered Economically Disadvantaged

Non-economically

Disadvantaged 2,094,872 (45%)Economically

Disadvantaged 2,576,621 (55%)

Source: 2008 Enrollment Data, Texas Education Agency

Gaps in Achievement

Fewer Economically Disadvantaged Kids Across Texas Pass the TAKS Tests

74

.8%87

.1%

86

.0%

62

.9%

68

.0%8

0.5

%

88

.8%

94

.6%

94

.9%

82

.9%

83

.8%93

.1%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Reading Math Science SocialStudies

Writing AverageAcrossTestsEconomically Disadvantaged

Non-Economically Disadvantaged

Source: 2008 TAKS data, Texas Education Agency (does not include results for tests given in Spanish)

TAKS Reading for Texas

84%

80%

77%88

%

78%

87%

76%

75%82

%

95%

91%

91%96

%

92%96

%

92%

91%95

%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th

Economically DisadvantagedNon-Economically Disadvantaged

Source: 2008 TAKS data, Texas Education Agency

TAKS Math for Texas

69%

51%

48%

66%

67%73

%77%

79%

77% 85

%

72%

72%

84%

85%88

%91%

91%

90%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th

Economically DisadvantagedNon-Economically Disadvantaged

Source: 2008 TAKS data, Texas Education Agency

How Many Economically Disadvantaged Kids Not Passing?

• Reading = 276,000+

• Math = 453,000+

• Science = 206,000+

• Social Studies = 52,000+

• Writing = 43,000+

Gaps in Attainment

Economically Disadvantaged and Minority Students Drop Out at Higher Rates

3.8

%5.3

%

17

.6%

17

.2%

17

.3%

11

.4%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

Texas Econ.Disadv.

AfricanAmerican

Hispanic White Asian/Pacific

Islander

Source: Class of 2007 dropout data, Texas Education Agency

Gaps in Employment

$47,353

$18,001

$25,649

$32,184

$0

$10,000

$20,000

$30,000

$40,000

$50,000

No High SchoolDiploma

High SchoolDiploma

Associate'sDegree

Bachelor'sDegree

Source: Texas Data, Median Earnings in Past 12 Months for Bexar Co. Population 25 and Over, 2007 American Community Survey 1-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (Table B20004)

Having a Degree Translates into Higher Annual Earnings

Texas Dropouts Nearly Twice as Likely to Live in Poverty as Graduates

4%

8%

13%

26%

0%

10%

20%

30%

Less than H.S. H.S. Grad or GED Somecollege/Associate's

degree

Bachelor's degree orhigher

Source: Table C17003, 2007 American Community Survey 1-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau

“The achievement gap can besubstantially narrowed only whenschool improvement is combinedwith social and economic reform”

Richard Rothstein, “Class and Schools”

Family & Community Economic Security

“It is unrealistic to expect tochange schools in any deep waywithout dealing with some of theissues that arise with poverty.”

Richard Rothstein as cited in “Why Segregation Matters”

Nearly 1 of Every 4 Texas Children Lives in Poverty

Source: Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau

23%

25.0%

Texas

21.0%

18%19%

17%

U.S.

14%

16%

18%

20%

22%

24%

26%

28%

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Federal Poverty Guidelines

$21,200Family of 4 < $20,650/year

$17,600Family of 3 < $17,170/year

$14,000Family of 2 < $13,690/year2008 2007

Costs for Single-Parent, 2-Child Family in San Antonio

• Health insurance = $118 - $543/month• Two-bedroom apartment = $715/month• Child care = $806/month• Food + Transportation + Other = $1057

• Total Monthly Expenses = $2,695-$3,189

Source: Family Budget Estimator, CPPP, www.cppp.org/fbe

Necessary Income for Single-Parent, 2-Child Family in

San Antonio

• Hourly = $16 - $21/hour

• Annual = $31,950 - $41,173

Source: Family Budget Estimator, CPPP, www.cppp.org/fbe

One in Three Bexar Co. Families Headed by Single Parent

Single Mom, 28.6%

Single Dad, 6.5%

Married, 64.9%

Source: 2007 ACS, U.S. Census Bureau

Using FBE budgets for one-parent, two-child families in San Antonio . . .

If HAVE employer-sponsored insurance: only 58% can’t cover expenses

If buy insurance on open-market: 74% can’t cover expenses

Source: Population Reference Bureau analysis of U.S. Census Bureau’s 2006 American Community Survey income data compared of to CPPP’s Family Budget Estimates.

Texas Median Income Increases Slightly, But Purchasing Power on

General Decline

$45,500

$44,600$44,200$43,600

$44,900$44,100$44,200

$38,865$39,325$40,292

$40,803

$42,978$42,879

$38,000

$40,000

$42,000

$44,000

$46,000

$48,000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Source: KIDS COUNT Data Center, Families with Related Children, American Community Survey, Census Bureau

Median Income

Median Income Adjusted to Purchasing Power in 2000

AL

AZAR

CA

CO

CT

DEDC

FL

G A

ID

ILIN

IA

KSKY

LA

M E

M D

M A

M I

M N

M S

M O

M T

NE

NV

NH

NJ

NM

NY

NC

ND

O H

O K

O R

PARI

SC

SD

TN

TX

UT

VT

VAW V

W I

W Y

W A

HI

AK

Source: B ishaw , A . and S em ega, J. Incom e, Earn ings, and Poverty: D ata from the 2007 Am erican

Texas Am ong W orst S tates for Incom e Inequality in 2007

C om m unity S urvey. U S C ensus Bureau, August 2008.

(0= no inequality, 1= h ighest inequality)

G ini Index of InequalityBetw een Top and Bottom Q uintiles

0.41 to 0.44

0.44 to 0.45

0.45 to 0.47

0.47 to 0.54

AL

AZAR

CA

CO

CT

DEDC

FL

G A

ID

ILIN

IA

KSKY

LA

M E

M D

M A

M I

M N

M S

M O

M T

NE

NV

NH

NJ

NM

NY

NC

ND

O H

O K

O R

PARI

SC

SD

TN

TX

UT

VT

VAW V

W I

W Y

W A

HI

AK

Source : B ishaw , A . and S em ega, J. Incom e, Earn ings, and Poverty: D ata from the 2007 Am erican

Texas Am ong W orst S tates for Incom e Inequality in 2007

C om m unity S urvey. U S C ensus Bureau, August 2008.

(0= no inequality, 1= h ighest inequality)

G ini Index of Inequality

Betw een Top and Bottom Q uintiles

0.41 to 0.44

0.44 to 0.45

0.45 to 0.47

0.47 to 0.54

AL

AZAR

CA

CO

CT

DEDC

FL

G A

ID

ILIN

IA

KSKY

LA

M E

M D

M A

M I

M N

M S

M O

M T

NE

NV

NH

NJ

NM

NY

NC

ND

O H

O K

O R

PARI

SC

SD

TN

TX

UT

VT

VAW V

W I

W Y

W A

HI

AK

Source: B ishaw , A . and S em ega, J. Incom e, Earn ings, and Poverty: D ata from the 2007 Am erican

Texas Am ong W orst S tates for Incom e Inequality in 2007

C om m unity S urvey. U S C ensus Bureau, August 2008.

(0= no inequality, 1= h ighest inequality)

G ini Index of InequalityBetw een Top and Bottom Q uintiles

0.41 to 0.44

0.44 to 0.45

0.45 to 0.47

0.47 to 0.54

Texas Among Worst States for Income Inequality in 2007

Source: Gini Coefficients (0=perfect equality, 1 = perfect inequality) from Bishaw, A., and Semega, J. (2008). Income, earnings, and poverty: Data from the 2007 American Community Survey. U.S. Census Bureau.

Infant and Child

Health

Texas Has Had the Highest Rate of Uninsured Children in the Nation for Nine Years Running

24

%

24

%

22

%

22

%

21

%

21

%

20

%

20

% 21

%

14

%

13

%

12

%

11

%

11

%

11

%

11

%

11

% 12

%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

 Texas

 United States

Source: Kids 0-18, KIDS COUNT State-Level Data Online, Annie E. Casey Foundation

Of the 49,000 MORE Uninsured Texas Kids in 2006:

Nearly 6 out of 10

live in families

with low to moderate incomes

Source: 3-year average data (2004-2005 vs. 2005-2007) for children ages 0-18, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau

Children Receiving Health Coverage Through Parent’s Employer

57.0%52.0%

47.0%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

1999 2004 2007

Source: March Supplement data, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau

Services for Texas Children

• Medicaid – UP 29%, over 2.8M enrolled (Aug 2003-May 2009)

• CHIP – DOWN 10%, from 506K (8/03) to 454K enrolled (12/08)

• CHIP Perinatal– 59K Perinates and Moms covered (Dec 2008)

Source: Texas Health and Human Services Commission

Infant Health in Bexar Co.

• Inadequate prenatal care– Nearly 1 of every 4 babies (24% or 91K) born to

a mother who received late or no prenatal care (2005)

• Low Birthweight Babies (Born <5.5 pounds)– 12% Worse (2000 to 2005): 32K or 8.3% of all births (2005)

• Infant mortality rate– 12% Worse (2000 to 2005), 2515 babies or 6.5 per

1,000 live births (2005)

Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, 2005 Birth Data

Child

Nutrition

Texas Ranks 48th in Food Insecurity

• 1 in 6 Texas families (with 1.4M kids)

• Hungry children:– Miss more school– Less attentive– More likely to fail and be held back– More likely to drop out

Source: Nord et al. (2007); Brown et al. (2007)

Participation Rates in

Texas’ Hunger & Nutrition Programs

• Food Stamps– UP 150% (2000 to 2006) to 24% participation (1.5M kids) (2006)

• WIC (ages 0-4)– UP 5% (2000 to 2006): 731K or 39% (2006)

• Free or Reduced-Price Lunch– UP 12% (2000 to 2008), 2.6M kids or 59% public school

students (2008)

Source: Texas Department of Health and Human Services; Texas Department of State Health Services, Texas Department of Agriculture

Early Care & Education

Early Care and Education Options for Texas Children

• Subsidized Child Care Enrollment (ages 0-12)

– UP 11%, to over 237K or 5.2% (2000-2006)

• Subsidized Child Care Waiting List– Over 33,000 (Dec 2008)

• Head Start (ages 3-4)

– DOWN 4%, to under 64,000 or 8.9% (2000-2005)

Source: Texas Workforce Commission; U.S. Administration for Children and Families

Much to be Thankful for in Texas

More Texas Children Going to Pre-Kindergarten

25.5%

16.3%

19.4%

14%

16%

18%

20%

22%

24%

26%1

99

4

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

Per

cen

tag

e o

f C

hil

dre

n A

ges

3-4

Source: Texas Education Agency

Births to Teens in Texas Declining

13.5%

15.3%

16.6%

12%

13%

14%

15%

16%

17%

18%19

95

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

Pe

rce

nta

ge

of

All

Liv

e B

irth

s

Source: Texas Department of State Health Services

High School Attrition Rate Shows Consistent Decline for TX, Recent Increase in Bexar Co.

34%

35%

36%

36%

38%

42%

32%

34%

36%

38%

40%

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Per

cent

of

9th

Gra

de S

tude

nts

Leav

ing

Bef

ore

Gra

duat

ing

Source: Intercultural Development Research Association

Juvenile Violent Crimes Better Than Mid-1990s for Texas, Higher for Bexar

370.9

218.4190.0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

4001

99

5

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

Arr

es

ts p

er

10

0,0

00

Ch

ild

ren

Ag

es

10

-17

Source: Texas Department of Public Safety

Five Fundamental Resources

for Kids

Source: The Alliance for Youth, America’s Promise

• Caring adults

• Safe places & constructive use of time

• A healthy start

• An effective education

• Opportunities to make a difference

“Investing in disadvantaged young children is ‘a rare public policy

initiative that promotes fairness and social justice and at the same time

promotes productivity in the economy and in society at large.’”

Economist and Nobel Laureate James Heckman

What can we do?• Close eligibility and service gaps • Ensure receipt of federal bonus funds for

improved enrollment of currently-eligible children in CHIP

• Improve Texan’s ability to get private coverage• Ensure our work support system actually

supports working families• Make higher education accessible and

affordable• Expand job training and career development

Upcoming Briefings

• January 21st, 3:00-4:30pm– Budget and Revenue Outlook for 81st Session

• January 30th, 10:30-3:00– TX CHIP Coalition: Goals for Children’s

Healthcare

• February 13th, 2:30-4:00– Expanding Private Health Insurance

• February 27th, TBA– Investing in Texas Children

Finding the Data You Need!!

Using Kids Count Data to Advance Your Child Well-being

Agenda

2008-09 State Data Book

Current State and County Data Profiles

www.cppp.org/factbook08

Community-Level Information on Kids (CLIKS)

All Texas KIDS COUNT Data from 1993-Present

Census Data by Legislative District

Data for your State Senate or House District from the 2000

Census

State & City-Level Data

Examine data over time, across states, or across major cities

State by state

comparisons ONLY!!

Contact InformationContact Information

Frances Deviney, PhD

Texas KIDS COUNT Director

deviney@cppp.org

(512) 320-0222 ext. 106

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