the state of texas children: using data to advance your child well- being agenda frances deviney,...
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The State of Texas Children:The State of Texas Children:Using Data to Advance Your Child Using Data to Advance Your Child
Well-being AgendaWell-being Agenda
Frances Deviney, PhDTexas KIDS COUNT Director
Center for Public Policy Priorities
Texas State CapitolJanuary 16, 2009
Good decisions are based on
GOOD DATA
that is timely, comprehensive,
geographically appropriate and
readily available.
Data for You!!!!
• Background research for bills & bill summaries• Talking points for press• Highlight areas of need in speeches• Handout to visitors/constituents
Showcase your research skills to benefit your boss, the children of your district, and the children
of Texas
Hispanic, 44.90%
Anglo, 38.8%
Black, 12.80% Other Race,
3.60%0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Nearly 6.4 Million Children in Texas
Source: Ages 0-17, Texas State Data Center and the Office of the State Demographer, 2006 Population Estimates
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Texas
Harris
Dalla
s
Tarra
nt
Bexar
Co.
Hidal
go
El Pas
o
Travi
s
Remai
ning 2
47
HispanicAngloBlackOther Race
52% of all Texas kids live in just seven metro counties
Source: Ages 0-17, Texas State Data Center and the Office of the State Demographer, 2006 Population Estimates
44
.9%
55
.6%
67
.8%
38.8
%
29.7
%
18.9
%
12
.8%
10
.3%
7.5
%3.5% 4.4% 5.8%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
2006 2020 2040
Hispanic
Anglo
Black
OtherRace
Texas’ Children: Now and in the Future
Source: Texas State Data Center; 2006 Population Projections using 1.0 Scenario
6,376,714
8,150,473
11,084,621
Texas Public Schools:
A Testing Ground for Overall Child
Well-being
More than half of kids in Texas Public Schools Considered Economically Disadvantaged
Non-economically
Disadvantaged 2,094,872 (45%)Economically
Disadvantaged 2,576,621 (55%)
Source: 2008 Enrollment Data, Texas Education Agency
Gaps in Achievement
Fewer Economically Disadvantaged Kids Across Texas Pass the TAKS Tests
74
.8%87
.1%
86
.0%
62
.9%
68
.0%8
0.5
%
88
.8%
94
.6%
94
.9%
82
.9%
83
.8%93
.1%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Reading Math Science SocialStudies
Writing AverageAcrossTestsEconomically Disadvantaged
Non-Economically Disadvantaged
Source: 2008 TAKS data, Texas Education Agency (does not include results for tests given in Spanish)
TAKS Reading for Texas
84%
80%
77%88
%
78%
87%
76%
75%82
%
95%
91%
91%96
%
92%96
%
92%
91%95
%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th
Economically DisadvantagedNon-Economically Disadvantaged
Source: 2008 TAKS data, Texas Education Agency
TAKS Math for Texas
69%
51%
48%
66%
67%73
%77%
79%
77% 85
%
72%
72%
84%
85%88
%91%
91%
90%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th
Economically DisadvantagedNon-Economically Disadvantaged
Source: 2008 TAKS data, Texas Education Agency
How Many Economically Disadvantaged Kids Not Passing?
• Reading = 276,000+
• Math = 453,000+
• Science = 206,000+
• Social Studies = 52,000+
• Writing = 43,000+
Gaps in Attainment
Economically Disadvantaged and Minority Students Drop Out at Higher Rates
3.8
%5.3
%
17
.6%
17
.2%
17
.3%
11
.4%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
Texas Econ.Disadv.
AfricanAmerican
Hispanic White Asian/Pacific
Islander
Source: Class of 2007 dropout data, Texas Education Agency
Gaps in Employment
$47,353
$18,001
$25,649
$32,184
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
No High SchoolDiploma
High SchoolDiploma
Associate'sDegree
Bachelor'sDegree
Source: Texas Data, Median Earnings in Past 12 Months for Bexar Co. Population 25 and Over, 2007 American Community Survey 1-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau (Table B20004)
Having a Degree Translates into Higher Annual Earnings
Texas Dropouts Nearly Twice as Likely to Live in Poverty as Graduates
4%
8%
13%
26%
0%
10%
20%
30%
Less than H.S. H.S. Grad or GED Somecollege/Associate's
degree
Bachelor's degree orhigher
Source: Table C17003, 2007 American Community Survey 1-year estimates, U.S. Census Bureau
“The achievement gap can besubstantially narrowed only whenschool improvement is combinedwith social and economic reform”
Richard Rothstein, “Class and Schools”
Family & Community Economic Security
“It is unrealistic to expect tochange schools in any deep waywithout dealing with some of theissues that arise with poverty.”
Richard Rothstein as cited in “Why Segregation Matters”
Nearly 1 of Every 4 Texas Children Lives in Poverty
Source: Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates, U.S. Census Bureau
23%
25.0%
Texas
21.0%
18%19%
17%
U.S.
14%
16%
18%
20%
22%
24%
26%
28%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Federal Poverty Guidelines
$21,200Family of 4 < $20,650/year
$17,600Family of 3 < $17,170/year
$14,000Family of 2 < $13,690/year2008 2007
Costs for Single-Parent, 2-Child Family in San Antonio
• Health insurance = $118 - $543/month• Two-bedroom apartment = $715/month• Child care = $806/month• Food + Transportation + Other = $1057
• Total Monthly Expenses = $2,695-$3,189
Source: Family Budget Estimator, CPPP, www.cppp.org/fbe
Necessary Income for Single-Parent, 2-Child Family in
San Antonio
• Hourly = $16 - $21/hour
• Annual = $31,950 - $41,173
Source: Family Budget Estimator, CPPP, www.cppp.org/fbe
One in Three Bexar Co. Families Headed by Single Parent
Single Mom, 28.6%
Single Dad, 6.5%
Married, 64.9%
Source: 2007 ACS, U.S. Census Bureau
Using FBE budgets for one-parent, two-child families in San Antonio . . .
If HAVE employer-sponsored insurance: only 58% can’t cover expenses
If buy insurance on open-market: 74% can’t cover expenses
Source: Population Reference Bureau analysis of U.S. Census Bureau’s 2006 American Community Survey income data compared of to CPPP’s Family Budget Estimates.
Texas Median Income Increases Slightly, But Purchasing Power on
General Decline
$45,500
$44,600$44,200$43,600
$44,900$44,100$44,200
$38,865$39,325$40,292
$40,803
$42,978$42,879
$38,000
$40,000
$42,000
$44,000
$46,000
$48,000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Source: KIDS COUNT Data Center, Families with Related Children, American Community Survey, Census Bureau
Median Income
Median Income Adjusted to Purchasing Power in 2000
AL
AZAR
CA
CO
CT
DEDC
FL
G A
ID
ILIN
IA
KSKY
LA
M E
M D
M A
M I
M N
M S
M O
M T
NE
NV
NH
NJ
NM
NY
NC
ND
O H
O K
O R
PARI
SC
SD
TN
TX
UT
VT
VAW V
W I
W Y
W A
HI
AK
Source: B ishaw , A . and S em ega, J. Incom e, Earn ings, and Poverty: D ata from the 2007 Am erican
Texas Am ong W orst S tates for Incom e Inequality in 2007
C om m unity S urvey. U S C ensus Bureau, August 2008.
(0= no inequality, 1= h ighest inequality)
G ini Index of InequalityBetw een Top and Bottom Q uintiles
0.41 to 0.44
0.44 to 0.45
0.45 to 0.47
0.47 to 0.54
AL
AZAR
CA
CO
CT
DEDC
FL
G A
ID
ILIN
IA
KSKY
LA
M E
M D
M A
M I
M N
M S
M O
M T
NE
NV
NH
NJ
NM
NY
NC
ND
O H
O K
O R
PARI
SC
SD
TN
TX
UT
VT
VAW V
W I
W Y
W A
HI
AK
Source : B ishaw , A . and S em ega, J. Incom e, Earn ings, and Poverty: D ata from the 2007 Am erican
Texas Am ong W orst S tates for Incom e Inequality in 2007
C om m unity S urvey. U S C ensus Bureau, August 2008.
(0= no inequality, 1= h ighest inequality)
G ini Index of Inequality
Betw een Top and Bottom Q uintiles
0.41 to 0.44
0.44 to 0.45
0.45 to 0.47
0.47 to 0.54
AL
AZAR
CA
CO
CT
DEDC
FL
G A
ID
ILIN
IA
KSKY
LA
M E
M D
M A
M I
M N
M S
M O
M T
NE
NV
NH
NJ
NM
NY
NC
ND
O H
O K
O R
PARI
SC
SD
TN
TX
UT
VT
VAW V
W I
W Y
W A
HI
AK
Source: B ishaw , A . and S em ega, J. Incom e, Earn ings, and Poverty: D ata from the 2007 Am erican
Texas Am ong W orst S tates for Incom e Inequality in 2007
C om m unity S urvey. U S C ensus Bureau, August 2008.
(0= no inequality, 1= h ighest inequality)
G ini Index of InequalityBetw een Top and Bottom Q uintiles
0.41 to 0.44
0.44 to 0.45
0.45 to 0.47
0.47 to 0.54
Texas Among Worst States for Income Inequality in 2007
Source: Gini Coefficients (0=perfect equality, 1 = perfect inequality) from Bishaw, A., and Semega, J. (2008). Income, earnings, and poverty: Data from the 2007 American Community Survey. U.S. Census Bureau.
Infant and Child
Health
Texas Has Had the Highest Rate of Uninsured Children in the Nation for Nine Years Running
24
%
24
%
22
%
22
%
21
%
21
%
20
%
20
% 21
%
14
%
13
%
12
%
11
%
11
%
11
%
11
%
11
% 12
%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Texas
United States
Source: Kids 0-18, KIDS COUNT State-Level Data Online, Annie E. Casey Foundation
Of the 49,000 MORE Uninsured Texas Kids in 2006:
Nearly 6 out of 10
live in families
with low to moderate incomes
Source: 3-year average data (2004-2005 vs. 2005-2007) for children ages 0-18, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau
Children Receiving Health Coverage Through Parent’s Employer
57.0%52.0%
47.0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
1999 2004 2007
Source: March Supplement data, Current Population Survey, U.S. Census Bureau
Services for Texas Children
• Medicaid – UP 29%, over 2.8M enrolled (Aug 2003-May 2009)
• CHIP – DOWN 10%, from 506K (8/03) to 454K enrolled (12/08)
• CHIP Perinatal– 59K Perinates and Moms covered (Dec 2008)
Source: Texas Health and Human Services Commission
Infant Health in Bexar Co.
• Inadequate prenatal care– Nearly 1 of every 4 babies (24% or 91K) born to
a mother who received late or no prenatal care (2005)
• Low Birthweight Babies (Born <5.5 pounds)– 12% Worse (2000 to 2005): 32K or 8.3% of all births (2005)
• Infant mortality rate– 12% Worse (2000 to 2005), 2515 babies or 6.5 per
1,000 live births (2005)
Source: Texas Department of State Health Services, 2005 Birth Data
Child
Nutrition
Texas Ranks 48th in Food Insecurity
• 1 in 6 Texas families (with 1.4M kids)
• Hungry children:– Miss more school– Less attentive– More likely to fail and be held back– More likely to drop out
Source: Nord et al. (2007); Brown et al. (2007)
Participation Rates in
Texas’ Hunger & Nutrition Programs
• Food Stamps– UP 150% (2000 to 2006) to 24% participation (1.5M kids) (2006)
• WIC (ages 0-4)– UP 5% (2000 to 2006): 731K or 39% (2006)
• Free or Reduced-Price Lunch– UP 12% (2000 to 2008), 2.6M kids or 59% public school
students (2008)
Source: Texas Department of Health and Human Services; Texas Department of State Health Services, Texas Department of Agriculture
Early Care & Education
Early Care and Education Options for Texas Children
• Subsidized Child Care Enrollment (ages 0-12)
– UP 11%, to over 237K or 5.2% (2000-2006)
• Subsidized Child Care Waiting List– Over 33,000 (Dec 2008)
• Head Start (ages 3-4)
– DOWN 4%, to under 64,000 or 8.9% (2000-2005)
Source: Texas Workforce Commission; U.S. Administration for Children and Families
Much to be Thankful for in Texas
More Texas Children Going to Pre-Kindergarten
25.5%
16.3%
19.4%
14%
16%
18%
20%
22%
24%
26%1
99
4
19
95
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
Per
cen
tag
e o
f C
hil
dre
n A
ges
3-4
Source: Texas Education Agency
Births to Teens in Texas Declining
13.5%
15.3%
16.6%
12%
13%
14%
15%
16%
17%
18%19
95
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Pe
rce
nta
ge
of
All
Liv
e B
irth
s
Source: Texas Department of State Health Services
High School Attrition Rate Shows Consistent Decline for TX, Recent Increase in Bexar Co.
34%
35%
36%
36%
38%
42%
32%
34%
36%
38%
40%
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Per
cent
of
9th
Gra
de S
tude
nts
Leav
ing
Bef
ore
Gra
duat
ing
Source: Intercultural Development Research Association
Juvenile Violent Crimes Better Than Mid-1990s for Texas, Higher for Bexar
370.9
218.4190.0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
4001
99
5
19
96
19
97
19
98
19
99
20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
Arr
es
ts p
er
10
0,0
00
Ch
ild
ren
Ag
es
10
-17
Source: Texas Department of Public Safety
Five Fundamental Resources
for Kids
Source: The Alliance for Youth, America’s Promise
• Caring adults
• Safe places & constructive use of time
• A healthy start
• An effective education
• Opportunities to make a difference
“Investing in disadvantaged young children is ‘a rare public policy
initiative that promotes fairness and social justice and at the same time
promotes productivity in the economy and in society at large.’”
Economist and Nobel Laureate James Heckman
What can we do?• Close eligibility and service gaps • Ensure receipt of federal bonus funds for
improved enrollment of currently-eligible children in CHIP
• Improve Texan’s ability to get private coverage• Ensure our work support system actually
supports working families• Make higher education accessible and
affordable• Expand job training and career development
Upcoming Briefings
• January 21st, 3:00-4:30pm– Budget and Revenue Outlook for 81st Session
• January 30th, 10:30-3:00– TX CHIP Coalition: Goals for Children’s
Healthcare
• February 13th, 2:30-4:00– Expanding Private Health Insurance
• February 27th, TBA– Investing in Texas Children
Finding the Data You Need!!
Using Kids Count Data to Advance Your Child Well-being
Agenda
2008-09 State Data Book
Current State and County Data Profiles
www.cppp.org/factbook08
Community-Level Information on Kids (CLIKS)
All Texas KIDS COUNT Data from 1993-Present
Census Data by Legislative District
Data for your State Senate or House District from the 2000
Census
State & City-Level Data
Examine data over time, across states, or across major cities
State by state
comparisons ONLY!!
Contact InformationContact Information
Frances Deviney, PhD
Texas KIDS COUNT Director
(512) 320-0222 ext. 106
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