the northern renaissance 1300 - 1600

THE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE

1300 - 1600

The Plague (Black Death)

Spread of Black Death Interactive Map: http://wadsworth.cengage.com/history_d/templates/student_resources/0534600069_spielvogel/InteractiveMaps/swfs/map11_1.html

Black Death Song: “Fleas on Rats” http://www.schooltube.com/video/ccc6a8f747a2ed3db3c6/

The Plague Video: http://www.history.com/topics/black-death/videos#coroners-report-plague

Ring Around the Rosie Nursery Rhyme

Common British versions include:Ring-a-ring o' roses,A pocket full of posies,A-tishoo! A-tishoo!We all fall down.

Common American versions include:Ring-a-round the rosie,A pocket full of posies,Ashes! Ashes!We all fall down.

The last two lines are sometimes varied to:Hush! Hush! Hush! Hush!We've all tumbled down.

Population of N. Europe beginning to recover

Previous serfs now able to “break free” and demand higher wages

Sparks of creativity and new inventions

Cities growing

Urban merchants become wealthy & sponsor artists

AFTER THE BLACK DEATH

Most people were VERY religious, but too many were suffering & dying! Started to pull away from the Catholic Church

Looking to SECULAR (worldly) ideals of the here and now vs. life after death

Begin studying HUMANISM: study of human potential & achievement

RENAISSANCE BEGINNING

Explosion of creativity in Europe Renaissance or “rebirth” of art & learning

Began in Italy & spread north to Europe because:Thriving citiesWealthy merchantsGreek & Roman heritage (classical)Trade started by Crusades

1300-1600

WHY WAS ITALY THE FIRST TO RECOVER?

Wealthiest/powerful class & dominated politics

Wealth based on success of their business

Felt they deserved power based on achievements

Florence, Italy ruled by MEDICI family (trade/banking merchants) for 30 years

Lorenzo the Magnificent: major PATRON (supporter) of the arts

MERCHANTS

Renaissance is bringing back classical art & literature from Greek & Roman times

In Italy, now painting/sculpting SECULAR arts, NOT RELIGIOUS arts more realistic people in classical settings

NEW ARTISTIC TECHNIQUES

3 DimensionalDistant objects are smaller

PERSPECTIVE

SHADINGHelps objects to look more realistic; 3-D look

VS

Study of human anatomy to paint and sculpt better

More natural postures and expressions

SCULPTURES

DONATELLO: sculptor and painter; Revealed personality in his artOne of the first to do a nude statueFirst bronze statue of St. Louis of

Toulouse

NINJA TURTLES:DONATELLO

LEONARDO DA VINCI: painter, sculptor, inventor, & scientist a true “Renaissance Man”Mona LisaThe Last Supper

NINJA TURTLES:LEONARDO

MICHELANGELO: sculptor and painterSistine ChapelStatue of David

NINJA TURTLES: MICHELANGELO

RAPHAEL studied from Michelangelo and Leonardo; painterMadonna and ChildSchool of Athens

NINJA TURTLES:RAPHAEL

ERASMUS:The Praise of Folly – said to improve society, all should study Bible

MORE:Utopia – imaginary land inhabited by

peaceful people; no use for money; means “no place”, but in English means “ideal place”

RENAISSANCE WRITERS

WILLIAM SHAKESPEAREGreatest playwright of all time: sonnets,

plays, essaysRomeo and JulietHamletOthelloMacbethMidsummer Night’s DreamJulius CaesarKing Lear

RENAISSANCE WRITERS, PART II

Chinese 1st invent block printing

JOHANN GUTENBERG: reinvents moveable type & comes up with printing pressGutenberg Bible: first full size book printedCame in English, French, and German

VERNACULAR (own language) increasedCan produce 100’s of copiesEncouraged people to learn to read! RISE

IN LITERACY & IDEAS SPREAD FASTER

PRINTING SPREADS RENAISSANCE IDEAS