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First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 1

SEO Power Plants (Société Electrique de l‘Our)

1096 MW13,0 MW

0,2 MW 7,0 MW

7,8 MW

4,5 MW

4,5 MW

3,4 MW

2,4 MW

2,7 MW

1,9 MW

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 2

Agenda

1. 1. PresentationPresentation of of thethe pumpedpumped--storagestorage plant Viandenplant Vianden

2. 2. Operation of Operation of pumpedpumped--storagestorage powerpower plantsplants in in electricityelectricity supplysupply systemssystems

2.1.2.1. AncillaryAncillary servicesservices2.2.2.2. IndicatorsIndicators forfor thethe PSPPPSPP2.3.2.3. Operation of Operation of thethe pumpedpumped--storagestorage plant Viandenplant Vianden

3.3. InspectionInspection

4.4. General General OverhaulOverhaul

5.5. ConclusionsConclusions

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 3

General View Pumped-Storage Station Vianden

1. Lower reservoir2. Upper Basin I3. Intake I4. Pressure shaft I with penstock5. Upper basin II6. Intake II7. Pressure shaft II with penstock8. Underground power house9. Service rooms10. Tailrace tunnels I + II

11. Visitor’s gallery12. Access tunnel I13. Access tunnel II14. Ventilation gallery15. Transformer gallery16. Outdoor switchyard 220,000 V17. Intake III18. Pressure shaft III19. 10th machine20. Outlet structure III21. Lohmühle dam

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 4

Height: 30 mLength: 130 m

2 Kaplan turbines (0,9 and 3,1 MW; auxilliaryequipment power supply)

2 needle valves

3 hollow jet valves

1 flap gate pass-offFlood control and

protection: 540 m3 /sec

LohmLohmüühlehleDamDam

Water level:219 to 227,50 m a.s.l.

Useful capacity:7,000,000 m3

LowerLower ReservoirReservoir

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 5

2 separate basins

Useful capacities:

Basin 1: 3,000,000 m3

Basin 2: 3,800,000 m3

Total energy volume:

4,625,000 kWh

Water level:510,30 to 494 m a.s.l.

Intake I:

machines 1 to 4

Intake II:

machines 5 to 9

Intake III:

10th machine

operated:

4 ¼ hours of generating

7 ¼ hours of pumping

made waterproof by:

2 layers of bituminous concreteof 3,0 and 3,5 cm thickness

UpperUpper basinbasin

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 6

Longitudinal section of a set in the underground power house

9 units:

Turbine power output: 9 x 100.000 KW

Pumping power: 9 x 70.000 KW

pump Clutch and starting turbine

motor-generator turbine

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 7

Longitudinal section of 10th machine

Turbine power output: 196.000 KW

Pumping power: 220.000 KW

1. upper bearing

2. auxiliary generator

3. motor generator

4. center plate

5. lower bearing

6. pumpturbine

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 8

Duration of operation mode changes

* whithout breaking, ** rpm pump = 0

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 9

2. Operation of pumped-storage power plants in electricitysupply systems

2.1. 2.1. AncillaryAncillary servicesservices

In In powerpower supplysupply, , thethe ancillaryancillary servicesservices areare necessarynecessary to to guaranteeguarantee thethe operationoperation of of thethe system. system. Power Power supplysupply companiescompanies and and networknetwork operatorsoperators havehave thethe obligationobligation to to offeroffer thesethese servicesservices to to

theirtheir clientsclients in order to in order to guaranteeguarantee thethe qualityquality of of thethe electricityelectricity supplysupply

-- FrequencyFrequency controlcontrol :: -- ResponsabilityResponsability of of thethe locallocal gridgrid operatoroperator in his in his regulationregulation areaarea

-- Power Power plantsplants operationoperation modesmodes ::

PrimaryPrimary ControlControlSecondarySecondary ControlControlTertiaryTertiary ControlControl Reserve (Minute Reserve)Reserve (Minute Reserve)

-- VoltageVoltage controlcontrol :: -- ResponsabilityResponsability of of thethe locallocal and national and national gridgrid operatorsoperators

-- Power plant Power plant contributioncontribution ((reactivereactive energyenergy supplysupply oror consumptionconsumption) ) and and GridGrid ((compensationcompensation unitsunits))

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 10

Operation of pumped-storage power plants in electricitysupply systems

-- Restart of Restart of supplysupply : : -- ResponsabilityResponsability of of thethe locallocal and national and national gridgrid operatorsoperators

-- powerpower plant and plant and gridgrid contributioncontribution ::

isolatedisolated gridgrid operationoperationblackblack start start capabilitycapability

-- Operation : Operation : -- ResponsabilityResponsability of of thethe locallocal and national and national gridgrid operatorsoperators

-- gridgrid operatoroperator contributioncontribution ::

gridgrid monitoringmonitoringexecutionexecution and and planningplanning of of switchswitch operationsoperationsoperationoperation of of thethe measuringmeasuring -- and and countingcounting devicesdevices

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 11

Operation of pumped-storage power plants in electricitysupply systems

Load-Frequency Control

Secondary Control

Primary Control

Local grid operator

inertiaTertiary Control Reserve

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 12

Operation of pumped-storage power plants in electricitysupply systems

SecondarySecondary controlcontrol powerpower

TheThe regulationregulation of of thethe secondarysecondary controlcontrol powerpower in a in a specificspecific areaarea isis defineddefined as as thethe interactioninteraction of of powerpower unitsunits to to guaranteeguarantee thethe necessarynecessary energyenergy flowflow betweenbetween thisthis areaarea of of regulationregulation and and thethewholewhole networknetwork includingincluding an integral an integral frequencyfrequency stabilizationstabilization..In In thethe Union Union forfor thethe CoordinationCoordination of Transmission of of Transmission of ElectricityElectricity UCTE UCTE secondarysecondary powerpower regulationregulationisis achievedachieved byby a a powerpower--frequencyfrequency regulationregulation..

RequirementsRequirements ::

cancan bebe activatedactivated withwith a a powerpower gradientgradient of 200 MW/min.of 200 MW/min.

RWE TSORWE TSO

-- callcall forfor tenderstenders forfor a a periodperiod of 6 of 6 monthsmonths :: 01/07/2006 01/07/2006 –– 30/11/200630/11/2006

-- AmountAmount of of secondarysecondary powerpower tenderedtendered :: +/+/-- 1230 MW1230 MW

-- averageaverage priceprice of of powerpower :: + 1230 MW : 41,30 + 1230 MW : 41,30 €€/KW/KW-- 1230 MW : 14,95 1230 MW : 14,95 €€/KW/KW

-- averageaverage workwork priceprice :: 7,15 7,15 €€ctct/KWh /KWh –– 11,80 11,80 €€ctct/KWh/KWh

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 13

Utilization Period TaN

821

999

1.0841.125 1136

1173

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1994-199620 plants

1997-200133 plants

200132 plants

200233 plants

200333 plants

200433 plants

h/a

VDEW VGB

[ ] )1(/ahPEABTaN =

21,62%8,58%

3,74%1,01% 3,29%

2.2. Indicators for the PSPP

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 14

Indicators for the PSPP

Availability time ratio KT

86

91

93 93

92

89

82

84

86

88

90

92

94

1994-199620 plants

1997-200133 plants

200132 plants

200233 plants

200333 plants

200433 plants

%

VDEW VGB

[ ] )1(./.N

V

N

RBT T

TT

TTk =+

=

4,83%

2,94%

-1,60%

-2,77%

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 15

2.3. 2.3. OperationOperation of the of the pumpedpumped storagestorage plant Vianden plant Vianden May 20, 2005May 20, 2005

-1000

-800

-600

-400

-200

0

200

400

600

800

1000

04:48

09:36

14:24

19:12

00:00

04:48

MW

h

Planninglower Power Rangeupper Power Rangeactual power

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 16

Daily report of the power plant March 15, 2005

Turbine load 59,89 %

Operation mode changes:

TU-mode: 28PU-mode: 28PH-mode: 50

Pump storage efficiency:

75,73 %

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 17

Daily report of the power plant September 7, 2005

Turbine load 34,02 %

Operation mode changes:

TU-mode: 26PU-mode: 20PH-mode: 44

Pump storage efficiency:

70,88 %

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 18

0369

121518212427303336394245485154

0-5 5-10 10-20 20-30

min

%

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

26643286158713982130Total

20052004200320022001Year

Operation mode changes < 30 minutes

Short Short operationsoperations in in pumpingpumping modemode

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 19

50,3

4

77,6

2

50,9

8

52,1

0

52,4

1

77,4

8

55,7

1

77,6

4

54,0

6 57,6

3

58,6

2

76,1

00

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Maschinen 1-9 Maschine 10 seit 1975 Kraftwerk

2005 2004

Mittelwert 2000-2004 Mittelwert 1963-2005

% der Leistung

Turbine load

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 20

3. 3. InspectionInspection

Actions: Controls

measurements

minor reparations

Duration: 1-2 weeks

Cycle: 1-2 years

Contractor staff: - ultrasonic crack surveillance (TÜV Rheinland)

- specific welding reparations

- revision of transformator load break

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 21

Turbine Turbine runnerrunner

RunnerRunnerCrack Crack reparationreparation

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 22

draftdraft tubetube

Turbine Turbine draftdraft tubetube

CavitationCavitation wearwear

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 23

TurbineTurbineSphericalSpherical valvevalve

Dichtplatte

Revisionsabschluss

CavitationCavitation wear

LeakageLeakage ControlControl onon-- sealingsealing plateplate-- revisionrevision sealingsealing-- SteeringSteering areasareas

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 24

GeneratorGenerator

ControlControl and and RepairRepair activityactivity on Rotor and Statoron Rotor and Stator

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 25

4. General Overhaul

Criteria:

- operation time

- measurements, controls

- defects

- experience

- availability

- official permits

Cycle:

10 - 22 years (depending on age and technical specifications)

Duration:

28 - 32 weeks

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 26

General Overhaul

Staff:

Proportion of internal staff: 15% - 80%

Proportion of contractor staff: 20% - 85%

- availability of qualified staff decreases

- relocation of production sites to foreign countries

→ missing Know-How

Other prerequisites:

- localisation of hydro power plants far away from industrial areas

- maintenance in Hydro power plants is difficult due to restricted space availability, difficult accessibility and continuous operation

- more and more restrictive security and health and environmental legislation

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 27

General General revisionrevision of a of a unitunit

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 28

Turbine cover corrosion

DisassemblyDisassembly and and controlcontrol of of thethedifferent different machinemachine partsparts

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 29

Cracks in the Cracks in the pumppump shaftshaft(Escher Wyss (Escher Wyss pumppump 4)4)

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 30

Cracks in the Cracks in the pumppump shaftshaft((VoithVoith pumppump 8)8)

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 31

Cracks in the Cracks in the runnersrunners of the of the pumppump((VoithVoith pumppump 3 ES)3 ES)

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 32

Renewal of Renewal of thethe corrosioncorrosion protectionprotection of of thethe pressurepressure shaftshaft

First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 33

5. Conclusions

1. Increased use of the pumped-storage power plants

→ increased machinery stresses

- short-term operation

- part-load operation

- frequent load changes

2. Requirements of the Optimization of

balancing power market maintenance