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First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 1
SEO Power Plants (Société Electrique de l‘Our)
1096 MW13,0 MW
0,2 MW 7,0 MW
7,8 MW
4,5 MW
4,5 MW
3,4 MW
2,4 MW
2,7 MW
1,9 MW
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 2
Agenda
1. 1. PresentationPresentation of of thethe pumpedpumped--storagestorage plant Viandenplant Vianden
2. 2. Operation of Operation of pumpedpumped--storagestorage powerpower plantsplants in in electricityelectricity supplysupply systemssystems
2.1.2.1. AncillaryAncillary servicesservices2.2.2.2. IndicatorsIndicators forfor thethe PSPPPSPP2.3.2.3. Operation of Operation of thethe pumpedpumped--storagestorage plant Viandenplant Vianden
3.3. InspectionInspection
4.4. General General OverhaulOverhaul
5.5. ConclusionsConclusions
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 3
General View Pumped-Storage Station Vianden
1. Lower reservoir2. Upper Basin I3. Intake I4. Pressure shaft I with penstock5. Upper basin II6. Intake II7. Pressure shaft II with penstock8. Underground power house9. Service rooms10. Tailrace tunnels I + II
11. Visitor’s gallery12. Access tunnel I13. Access tunnel II14. Ventilation gallery15. Transformer gallery16. Outdoor switchyard 220,000 V17. Intake III18. Pressure shaft III19. 10th machine20. Outlet structure III21. Lohmühle dam
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 4
Height: 30 mLength: 130 m
2 Kaplan turbines (0,9 and 3,1 MW; auxilliaryequipment power supply)
2 needle valves
3 hollow jet valves
1 flap gate pass-offFlood control and
protection: 540 m3 /sec
LohmLohmüühlehleDamDam
Water level:219 to 227,50 m a.s.l.
Useful capacity:7,000,000 m3
LowerLower ReservoirReservoir
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 5
2 separate basins
Useful capacities:
Basin 1: 3,000,000 m3
Basin 2: 3,800,000 m3
Total energy volume:
4,625,000 kWh
Water level:510,30 to 494 m a.s.l.
Intake I:
machines 1 to 4
Intake II:
machines 5 to 9
Intake III:
10th machine
operated:
4 ¼ hours of generating
7 ¼ hours of pumping
made waterproof by:
2 layers of bituminous concreteof 3,0 and 3,5 cm thickness
UpperUpper basinbasin
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 6
Longitudinal section of a set in the underground power house
9 units:
Turbine power output: 9 x 100.000 KW
Pumping power: 9 x 70.000 KW
pump Clutch and starting turbine
motor-generator turbine
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 7
Longitudinal section of 10th machine
Turbine power output: 196.000 KW
Pumping power: 220.000 KW
1. upper bearing
2. auxiliary generator
3. motor generator
4. center plate
5. lower bearing
6. pumpturbine
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 8
Duration of operation mode changes
* whithout breaking, ** rpm pump = 0
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 9
2. Operation of pumped-storage power plants in electricitysupply systems
2.1. 2.1. AncillaryAncillary servicesservices
In In powerpower supplysupply, , thethe ancillaryancillary servicesservices areare necessarynecessary to to guaranteeguarantee thethe operationoperation of of thethe system. system. Power Power supplysupply companiescompanies and and networknetwork operatorsoperators havehave thethe obligationobligation to to offeroffer thesethese servicesservices to to
theirtheir clientsclients in order to in order to guaranteeguarantee thethe qualityquality of of thethe electricityelectricity supplysupply
-- FrequencyFrequency controlcontrol :: -- ResponsabilityResponsability of of thethe locallocal gridgrid operatoroperator in his in his regulationregulation areaarea
-- Power Power plantsplants operationoperation modesmodes ::
PrimaryPrimary ControlControlSecondarySecondary ControlControlTertiaryTertiary ControlControl Reserve (Minute Reserve)Reserve (Minute Reserve)
-- VoltageVoltage controlcontrol :: -- ResponsabilityResponsability of of thethe locallocal and national and national gridgrid operatorsoperators
-- Power plant Power plant contributioncontribution ((reactivereactive energyenergy supplysupply oror consumptionconsumption) ) and and GridGrid ((compensationcompensation unitsunits))
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 10
Operation of pumped-storage power plants in electricitysupply systems
-- Restart of Restart of supplysupply : : -- ResponsabilityResponsability of of thethe locallocal and national and national gridgrid operatorsoperators
-- powerpower plant and plant and gridgrid contributioncontribution ::
isolatedisolated gridgrid operationoperationblackblack start start capabilitycapability
-- Operation : Operation : -- ResponsabilityResponsability of of thethe locallocal and national and national gridgrid operatorsoperators
-- gridgrid operatoroperator contributioncontribution ::
gridgrid monitoringmonitoringexecutionexecution and and planningplanning of of switchswitch operationsoperationsoperationoperation of of thethe measuringmeasuring -- and and countingcounting devicesdevices
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 11
Operation of pumped-storage power plants in electricitysupply systems
Load-Frequency Control
Secondary Control
Primary Control
Local grid operator
inertiaTertiary Control Reserve
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 12
Operation of pumped-storage power plants in electricitysupply systems
SecondarySecondary controlcontrol powerpower
TheThe regulationregulation of of thethe secondarysecondary controlcontrol powerpower in a in a specificspecific areaarea isis defineddefined as as thethe interactioninteraction of of powerpower unitsunits to to guaranteeguarantee thethe necessarynecessary energyenergy flowflow betweenbetween thisthis areaarea of of regulationregulation and and thethewholewhole networknetwork includingincluding an integral an integral frequencyfrequency stabilizationstabilization..In In thethe Union Union forfor thethe CoordinationCoordination of Transmission of of Transmission of ElectricityElectricity UCTE UCTE secondarysecondary powerpower regulationregulationisis achievedachieved byby a a powerpower--frequencyfrequency regulationregulation..
RequirementsRequirements ::
cancan bebe activatedactivated withwith a a powerpower gradientgradient of 200 MW/min.of 200 MW/min.
RWE TSORWE TSO
-- callcall forfor tenderstenders forfor a a periodperiod of 6 of 6 monthsmonths :: 01/07/2006 01/07/2006 –– 30/11/200630/11/2006
-- AmountAmount of of secondarysecondary powerpower tenderedtendered :: +/+/-- 1230 MW1230 MW
-- averageaverage priceprice of of powerpower :: + 1230 MW : 41,30 + 1230 MW : 41,30 €€/KW/KW-- 1230 MW : 14,95 1230 MW : 14,95 €€/KW/KW
-- averageaverage workwork priceprice :: 7,15 7,15 €€ctct/KWh /KWh –– 11,80 11,80 €€ctct/KWh/KWh
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 13
Utilization Period TaN
821
999
1.0841.125 1136
1173
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1994-199620 plants
1997-200133 plants
200132 plants
200233 plants
200333 plants
200433 plants
h/a
VDEW VGB
[ ] )1(/ahPEABTaN =
21,62%8,58%
3,74%1,01% 3,29%
2.2. Indicators for the PSPP
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 14
Indicators for the PSPP
Availability time ratio KT
86
91
93 93
92
89
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
1994-199620 plants
1997-200133 plants
200132 plants
200233 plants
200333 plants
200433 plants
%
VDEW VGB
[ ] )1(./.N
V
N
RBT T
TT
TTk =+
=
4,83%
2,94%
-1,60%
-2,77%
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 15
2.3. 2.3. OperationOperation of the of the pumpedpumped storagestorage plant Vianden plant Vianden May 20, 2005May 20, 2005
-1000
-800
-600
-400
-200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
04:48
09:36
14:24
19:12
00:00
04:48
MW
h
Planninglower Power Rangeupper Power Rangeactual power
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 16
Daily report of the power plant March 15, 2005
Turbine load 59,89 %
Operation mode changes:
TU-mode: 28PU-mode: 28PH-mode: 50
Pump storage efficiency:
75,73 %
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 17
Daily report of the power plant September 7, 2005
Turbine load 34,02 %
Operation mode changes:
TU-mode: 26PU-mode: 20PH-mode: 44
Pump storage efficiency:
70,88 %
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 18
0369
121518212427303336394245485154
0-5 5-10 10-20 20-30
min
%
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
26643286158713982130Total
20052004200320022001Year
Operation mode changes < 30 minutes
Short Short operationsoperations in in pumpingpumping modemode
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 19
50,3
4
77,6
2
50,9
8
52,1
0
52,4
1
77,4
8
55,7
1
77,6
4
54,0
6 57,6
3
58,6
2
76,1
00
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Maschinen 1-9 Maschine 10 seit 1975 Kraftwerk
2005 2004
Mittelwert 2000-2004 Mittelwert 1963-2005
% der Leistung
Turbine load
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 20
3. 3. InspectionInspection
Actions: Controls
measurements
minor reparations
Duration: 1-2 weeks
Cycle: 1-2 years
Contractor staff: - ultrasonic crack surveillance (TÜV Rheinland)
- specific welding reparations
- revision of transformator load break
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 21
Turbine Turbine runnerrunner
RunnerRunnerCrack Crack reparationreparation
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 22
draftdraft tubetube
Turbine Turbine draftdraft tubetube
CavitationCavitation wearwear
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 23
TurbineTurbineSphericalSpherical valvevalve
Dichtplatte
Revisionsabschluss
CavitationCavitation wear
LeakageLeakage ControlControl onon-- sealingsealing plateplate-- revisionrevision sealingsealing-- SteeringSteering areasareas
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 24
GeneratorGenerator
ControlControl and and RepairRepair activityactivity on Rotor and Statoron Rotor and Stator
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 25
4. General Overhaul
Criteria:
- operation time
- measurements, controls
- defects
- experience
- availability
- official permits
Cycle:
10 - 22 years (depending on age and technical specifications)
Duration:
28 - 32 weeks
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 26
General Overhaul
Staff:
Proportion of internal staff: 15% - 80%
Proportion of contractor staff: 20% - 85%
- availability of qualified staff decreases
- relocation of production sites to foreign countries
→ missing Know-How
Other prerequisites:
- localisation of hydro power plants far away from industrial areas
- maintenance in Hydro power plants is difficult due to restricted space availability, difficult accessibility and continuous operation
- more and more restrictive security and health and environmental legislation
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 27
General General revisionrevision of a of a unitunit
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 28
Turbine cover corrosion
DisassemblyDisassembly and and controlcontrol of of thethedifferent different machinemachine partsparts
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 29
Cracks in the Cracks in the pumppump shaftshaft(Escher Wyss (Escher Wyss pumppump 4)4)
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 30
Cracks in the Cracks in the pumppump shaftshaft((VoithVoith pumppump 8)8)
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 31
Cracks in the Cracks in the runnersrunners of the of the pumppump((VoithVoith pumppump 3 ES)3 ES)
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 32
Renewal of Renewal of thethe corrosioncorrosion protectionprotection of of thethe pressurepressure shaftshaft
First International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES I) October 31, 2006 Science Park Gelsenkirchen/Germany 33
5. Conclusions
1. Increased use of the pumped-storage power plants
→ increased machinery stresses
- short-term operation
- part-load operation
- frequent load changes
2. Requirements of the Optimization of
balancing power market maintenance