religion: judaism, christianity, and islam 1. brief history judaism- the hebrew leader abraham...

Religion: Religion: Judaism, Judaism,

Christianity, and Christianity, and IslamIslam

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Brief History Brief History

Judaism- The Hebrew leader Abraham founded Judaism around 2000 B.C. Judaism is the oldest of the monotheistic faiths (religions with one God).

Christianity - Founded by Jesus Christ, who was crucified around A.D. 30 in Jerusalem. It was after his death when his followers came to believe in him as the Christ, the Messiah.

Islam - Founded in Arabia by Muhammad between A.D. 610 and A.D. 632

Followers Called:◦Judaism – Jews◦Christianity – Christians◦Islam – Muslims

Clergy Called:◦Judaism – rabbis◦Christianity – bishop, pastor,

ministers, priest◦Islam - imams

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House of Worship◦Judaism – synagogue or temple◦Christianity – church, cathedral,

chapel◦Islam – mosque

◦Day of Worship Judaism – Saturday Christianity – Sunday Islam - Friday

Period 5 stopped here

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Original Language◦Judaism – Hebrew◦Christianity – Aramaic and Greek◦Islam – Arabic

Names of God◦Judaism – Yahweh and Elohim◦Christianity – God, the Trinity◦Islam – Allah◦ Period 2/3 stopped here

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Major Locations TODAY◦Judaism – Europe, Israel, North

America◦Christianity – Europe, North and

South America◦Islam – Africa, Middle East, and

Southeast AsiaPeriod 4 Stopped here

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Early Expansion◦Judaism – Little expansion mostly

confined to Israel◦Christianity – by the end of the 4th

century Christianity spread across the entire Roman Empire

◦Islam – Within 12 years, entire Arabian peninsula; after 100 years stretched from Spain to Southeast Asia

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Current Worldwide Followers TODAY◦Judaism – 14 million (ranks 12th)◦Christianity – 2 billion (ranks 1st)◦Islam – 1.3 billion (ranks 2nd)

◦In the USA Judaism – 5.6 million Christianity – 159 million Islam – 1.1 million

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Sacred Texts◦Judaism – Hebrew Bible◦Christianity – Old Testament and

New Testament◦Islam – Qur’an (Koran)

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All are monotheistic◦Judaism – One God◦Christianity – Trinity (God the father,

God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit)

◦Islam – One God

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Divine Revelation How do we know about God?

◦Judaism – through prophets recorded in the Hebrew Bible

◦Christianity – through prophets and Jesus as recorded in the Old and New Testament

◦Islam – through God’s final prophet Muhammad recorded in the Qur’an

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Bell RingerBell RingerGet your notebook out and write

TWO things EACH about the following about yesterday’s lesson: Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. Do NOT use your notes!!

Keep your notebooks out in case we need them.

This should only take 5 minutes at the most.

Do it silently as I take role.

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Means of Salvation◦Judaism – Belief in one God; good

deeds◦Christianity – correct belief, good

deeds; by faith accept Christ as Savior (Protestants)

◦Islam – Belief in one God; good deeds and follow Five Pillars of Faith

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Five Pillars of IslamFive Pillars of IslamA. A statement of faith- believing in

Allah and MohammedB. Prayer (five times a day in the

direction of Mecca)C. Charity (giving to those in need)D. Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in

your lifetime (called the Hajj)E. Fasting (during the month of

Ramadan)

Afterlife◦Judaism – eternal heaven, or no

afterlife◦Christianity – eternal heaven◦Islam – eternal paradise (heaven)

◦Judaism - eternal hell, or no afterlife◦Christianity – eternal hell◦Islam – eternal hell

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Symbols◦Judaism – Star of David◦Christianity – cross◦Islam – crescent with name of Allah

in Arabic

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View of Fellow Abrahamic Religions◦Judaism – “Islam and Christianity are

false interpretations and extensions of Judaism.”

◦Christianity – “Judaism is a true religion, but with incomplete revelation. Islam is a false religion.”

◦Islam – “Jews and Christians are respected as fellow believers, but with wrong beliefs and only partial revelation.”

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JudaismJudaism

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The Western Wall The Star of David

ChristianiChristianityty

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Cross and Ichthus

St. Peter’s Basilica- Vatican City, Rome

Advent- 4 weeks before Christmas

IslamIslam

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The Dome of the Rock

Mecca

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