reduction of mycotoxins in cereals through an integrated

Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004

Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller

Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 1 of 12

• Slide 1

EUREPGAP – Integrated Farm Assurance ConferenceAmsterdam, The Netherlands

November 9th - 10nth 2004

Reduction of mycotoxins in cerealsthrough an

Integrated Crop Management approachDr. Alfons Sagenmüller

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 2

Content

1. What is Fusarium

2. What does Fusarium affect

3. What are Mycotoxins

4. What can be done in the field - ICM

5. How can Bayer CropScience help

6. Conclusions

Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004

Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller

Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 2 of 12

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 3

1 - What is FusariumGeneral characteristics

� Fusarium head blight: an important disease

� most prominent on cereals

� A complex of several fungal pathogens

� Can damage different parts of the plant � such as the seeds, leaves and ears

� With a long period of potential infection

� Can produce mycotoxins

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 4

Fusarium culmorum

Fusarium poae

Fusarium avenaceum

Fusarium graminearum

Microdochium nivale

Mycotoxin producersMycotoxin producers

Non - mycotoxin producerNon - mycotoxin producer

1 - What is FusariumFungal species associated with Fusarium head blight

Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004

Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller

Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 3 of 12

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 5

Microdochiumnivale- leaf -

Microdochiumnivale- ear -

Fusariumgraminearum

- ear -

1 - What is FusariumSymptoms in wheat

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 6

1 - What is FusariumImportant factors influencing infection

� Humidity and temperature

� Rain at flowering stage

� Disease pressure

Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004

Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller

Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 4 of 12

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 7

FusariumFusarium isis a worlda world--wide problem !wide problem !1- What is FusariumWorldwide occurrence

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 8

� yield and grain weight

� pasta-cooking quality

� food & feed quality

� seed germination

� baking performance

� malting and brewing performance

2 - What does Fusarium affect

Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004

Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller

Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 5 of 12

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 9

2 – What does Fusarium affect

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 10

3 - Mycotoxins

Mycotoxins are metabolic products of fungi with known adverse effect

Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004

Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller

Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 6 of 12

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 11

3 - MycotoxinsRegulatory aspects

� New regulation on mycotoxin concentrationsin Germany* as DON in µg/kg or ppb

• in wheat max 500• in bakery: max 350• in baby food : max 100

* valid since Feb 13, 2004. Transitional phase until Sep, 1st, 2005

� Regulation in Europe expected for 2005/6

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 12

� Establishment of maximum levels on European level

� Assessment of contamination in grain

� Storage, blending and traceability

� Allocation of costs

3 – MycotoxinsIssues

Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004

Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller

Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 7 of 12

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 13

1. What is Fusarium

2. What does Fusarium affect

3. What are Mycotoxins

4. What can be done in the field - ICM

Content

• Slide 14

Being in line with EUREPGAP® principles;

EUREPGAP is a means of incorporating Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and Integrated Crop Management (ICM) practices within theframework of commercial agricultural production.

Adoption of IPM/ICM is regarded by EUREPGAP members as essential for the long-term improvement and sustainability of agricultural production.

Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004

Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller

Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 8 of 12

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 15

• choice of varieties: - > EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.1.• choice of varieties: - > EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.1.

• N-fertilisation - > EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.3. • N-fertilisation - > EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.3.

• fungicidal application - > EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.6.• fungicidal application - > EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.6.

• crop rotation and soil cultivation / tillage- > (EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.2.)

• crop rotation and soil cultivation / tillage- > (EUREPGAP CCM *section 8.2.)

4 – What can be done in the fieldMain influences of agricultural practice on ear fusarioses

*Combinable crops module draft 2005

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 16

0

1000

2000

3000

directsowing

reducedtillage

ploughing

4 - What can be done in the fieldInfluence of soil preparation on mycotoxin levels in wheat

DON (ppb)

Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004

Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller

Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 9 of 12

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 17

0

1000

2000

3000

Maize Wheat OSR Pea Beet

DON (ppb)

4- What can be done in the fieldInfluence of crop rotation on mycotoxin levels in wheat

….Crops preceeding wheat

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 18

51

61

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Untreated

reduction of DON in %

Reduction of mycotoxins5 - How can Bayer CropScience help

Efficacy against Fusarium head blight in wheatUK, France and Germany, 1999 – 2002 (18 trials)

Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004

Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller

Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 10 of 12

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 19

Reduction of mycotoxins5 – How can Bayer CropScience help

Timing of application

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 20

Artificial infection (without fungicide = 5443 µg/kg DON)

Reduction in % of DON

37 42 38 55 3563 65 62 65 420

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

-3 -1 BBCH65 +3 +5

protective curative

5 - How can Bayer CropScience helpFolicur and Proline efficacy against Fusarium in wheat

Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004

Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller

Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 11 of 12

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 21

6 - Conclusions� The occurence of Fusarium head blight can be reduced

through an ICM approach� to a large extent through crop rotation, variety choice,

adequate soil preparation

� Fungicide treatment is part of the solution in an IPM approach taking into account� Good prognosis� Appropriate timing of application� Appropriate application technique

Presentation • November 23, 2004 • Slide 22

6 – Conclusion

� Fungicides, especially Proline and Folicurcontrol all important Fusarium species

� Mycotoxin contamination can be reduced by 50 - 60 % in average

Integrated Farm Assurance Conference, Amsterdam 2004

Handout No 14, Alfons Sagenmüller

Bayer CropScience, Germany Page 12 of 12

• Slide 23

Thank you very much for your kind attention.

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