quand les métaux arrivent en ville. enjeux et stratégies pour les matières premières critiques....
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Parole d’experts
Panel d’experts autour de Prof. Eric PIRARD, ULg - GeMMe
Quand les métaux arrivent en ville. Enjeux et stratégies pour les matières premières critiques.
Avec le soutien de :
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 1
Closing the Loop: A Sustainable Way to address Resource Scarcity
Denis Goffaux Chief Technology Officer
Today metals and materials scarcity topics are in the mainstream media
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 3
… which is no surprise taking into account …
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 5
World population growth and development
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 6
Trends in metal prices
Commodity Metals Price Index Monthly Price - Index Number
Description: Commodity Metals Price Index, 2005 = 100, includes Copper, Aluminum, Iron Ore, Tin, Nickel, Zinc, Lead, and Uranium Price Indices
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 7
Criticality for Europe: EU-Raw Materials Initiative materials for which a threat to supply could involve harm to the national economy, and for which the risk is higher than for most other raw materials in the coming 10 years
Source: Critical Raw Materials for the EU – European Commission Enterprise & Industry, July 2010
Critical materials (EU): Be, Co, Ga, Ge, In, Mg, Nb, PGM, REE, Sb, Ta, W, fluorspar, graphite
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 8
History of sustainability
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 9
“We do not inherit the land from our ancestors, we borrow it from our children.” Native Americans
Native Americans, Aboriginals and Inuit people have a tradition to protect their resources and use them in a sustainable way.
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 10
1971 1972
1968 1972
Green movement in the 60´s and 70´s Environmental issues became more mainstream
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 11
Brundtland report 1987 Brought sustainability to the mainstream public
Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development:
"Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs".
Two key concepts: 1. 'needs', in particular the essential needs of the world's poor, to which overriding priority should be given 2. ‘limitations’ imposed by the state of technology and social organization on the environment's ability to meet present and future needs
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 12
21st century: A renewed sense of urgency from a number of players.
United Nations Millennium goals
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 13
Technology Materials are part of the solution… Their scarcity is another issue to deal with
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 14
Efficient production and use of energy will further boost demand for technology metals
Fuel Cells Light Emitting Diodes (LED)
Photovoltaic (solar cells) Electric vehicles & batteries Germanium Gallium Selenium Indium Tellurium Silver …
Lithium Cobalt Nickel Rare Earth Elements Copper …
Gallium Indium Germanium Silver …
Platinum Iridium Cobalt …
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 15
C. Hagelüken, C.E.M. Meskers: Complex lifecycles of precious and special metals in Linkages of Sustainability. Strüngmann Forum Report vol. 4. T. Graedel, E. van der Voet (eds.) Cambridge, MA, MIT Press 2010.
Technology metals mainly come as a mining by-product
Supply of technology metals is price inelastic
Substitution potential is usually limited
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 16
Recent boom in demand for most technology metals
% mined in 1980-2010
% mined in 1900-1980
Mine production since 1980 / since 1900
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%
Re Ga In Ru Pd Rh Ir REE Si Pt Ta Li Se Ni Co Ge Cu Bi Ag Au
% mined in 1980-2010
% mined in 1900-1980
REE = Rare Earth Elements
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 17
Resource efficiency needed to deal with scarcity of technology metals
material solutions Metals
Application know-how
Recycling
Material solutions
Chemistry Material science
Metallurgy
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 18
Section title slide
Umicore Cherry
Urban mining
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 19
Cu
Co
Au
Pt
In
Sn
Ag
Pd
Ru
t CO2/ t
primary metal *
≈
≈
10,000
200
10
0 * Source:
Ecoinvent 2.0, EMPA/ETH-Zürich, 2007
Urban mining offers significant environmental advantages q Urban mining prevents impact from non-
recycling • Hazardous emissions • Land use
q Recycling mitigates environmental impacts of mining • Less energy consumption/CO2 production • Less land & water use • Less environmental pressure on sensitive areas
q Recycling lowers CO2 footprint for majority of metals
Urban mining offers ethical sourcing possibilities Not all metals can be economically recycled
today
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 20
End-of-life recycling rates
Too low, especially for complex feeds!
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 21
Opportunities & challenges of a circular economy
a reduce metal losses along all steps of lifecycle
• Reduce generation of residues • Collect residues comprehensively & recycle these efficiently
• Improve metal yields by using high quality recycling processes
Residues
Residues
Residues
Residues
Historic wastes (tailings, landfills)
Dissipation
Residues
Residues
Residues
Residues
Historic wastes (tailings, landfills)
Dissipation
End-of-LifeProductmanufacture
Use
Natural resources
Metals, alloys& compounds
New scrap
Raw materials production
Recyclingfrom
industrial materials
from Concentrates
& ores
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 22
Recycling needs a chain, not a single process - system approach is crucial
Collection 10,000’s
Prepro- cessing
1000‘s
100‘s
Example recycling of WEEE Recovery of technology metals
from circuit boards
3
Number of actors in Europe
Dismantling
Total efficiency is determined by weakest step in the chain Make sure that critical fractions reach these plants
Smelting & refining of technology metals (metallurgy)
Example: 30% x 90% x 60% x 95% = 15%
products
components/ fractions
metals Inve
stm
ent n
eeds
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 23
ISO 14001 & 9001, OHSAS 18001
Umicore’s Hoboken smelter
§ Input > 300 000 t/a of precious metals bearing secondary materials (WEEE, catalysts, smelter by-products etc.), § Recovery of 17 metals: Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ir, Cu, Pb, Ni, Sn, Bi, Se, Te, Sb, As, In (universal process). § Innovative special processes for more metals: rechargeable batteries → Co, (Li, REE) § Investments since 1997: 500 Mio €; Investment for a comparable green field plant: >> 1 Bio €! § PM yields > 95%; value of precious metals enables co-recovery of specialty metals (‘paying metals’)
What is the alternative?
Unicef photo of the year 2011
www.supportunicef.com
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 26
Umicore in a nutshell: Much more than recycling
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 27
2001
Sogem
Union Minière 1981
1908 Société Générale Métallurgique de Hoboken
1800 1850 1900 1950 2000
1853 Asturienne des Mines
1805 Vieille-Montagne
1887 Usine de Désargentation (Degussa)
1919 Société Générale des Minerais
1959 Mechim
1906 Union Minière du Haut-Katanga
1904 ACEC 1989 UM
1919 SIBEKA
2005 Cumerio
1873 Degussa (EM) DMC2 PMG 2003
MDK Kombinat Pirdop
1985
1989
1928 Compagnie des Metaux d’Overpelt 1970
1990
1985
1989
2007 Nyrstar
* Smaller acquisitions not mentioned in this overview
1869 Table of Mendeleev
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 28
Global presence: 14,600 people in 79 industrial sites
Figures include associated companies as of end 2012
North America
• 910 people
• 11 industrial sites
South America
• 1,118 people
• 5 industrial sites
Africa
• 1,517 people
• 3 industrial sites
Asia/Pacific
• 3,203 people
• 23 industrial sites
Europe
• 7,690 people
• 32 industrial sites
2012
Revenues € 2.4 bn
REBIT € 372 m
R&D € 182 m
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 29
Umicore’s business approach
q We transform metals into hi-tech materials
q We use application know-how to create tailor-made solutions in close collaboration with our customers
q We close the loop and secure supply by recycling production scrap and end-of-life materials
q We aim to minimize our environmental impact and be the best employer and neighbour
material solutions Metals
Application know-how
Recycling
Material solutions
Chemistry Material science
Metallurgy
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 30
Umicore activity fit with global megatrends
Electrification of the automobile
Resource scarcity
More stringent emission control
Renewable energy
We are the largest recycler of precious metals; we are able to recycle more than 20 different metals
We are a leading producer of key materials for rechargeable batteries for laptops, mobile phones as well as electrified vehicles
We provide catalysts for 1 out of 3 cars in the world as well as for trucks & non-road vehicles
We supply key innovative materials for high-efficiency solar cells and other photovoltaic applications
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 31
Sustainable Development at Umicore
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 32
Great place to work
Eco-efficiency
Stakeholder engagement
Economic performance
Sustainability objectives for 2011-2015
Zero lost time accidents
Occupational exposure reduction
People development
Preferred employer
We aim to have ZERO lost time accidents
We will reduce the body concentrations of specific metals to which our employees have an exposure: Cd, Pb, Co, Ni, As, Pt
All employees will receive an annual appraisal to discuss individual development
We will target our actions based on the results of the 2010 People Survey
Growth and returns
Reduce carbon footprint
Emission reduction
Product sustainability
We aim to reduce our CO2 emissions by 20% vs 2006 levels and based on 2006 industrial scope
We aim to reduce by 20% the impact of metal emissions to water and air vs 2009 levels
We will invest in tools to better understand and measure the life cycles and impacts of our products
Sustainable procurement
Local community
We will implement the new Sustainable Procurement Charter throughout our business
All our sites will be expected to make further steps in identifying key stakeholders and engaging with the local community
We have the potential to achieve double digit revenue growth in our key growth areas. We aim to generate ROCE of 15%.
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 33
Umicore ranked world’s most sustainable corporation
2013 Global 100 List COMPANY RANK Umicore SA 1 Natura Cosmeticos SA 2 Statoil ASA 3 Neste Oil OYJ 4 Novo Nordisk A/S 5 Storebrand ASA 6 Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV 7 Biogen Idec Inc 8 Dassault Systemes SA 9 Westpac Banking Corp 10
Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 34
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