quand les métaux arrivent en ville. enjeux et stratégies pour les matières premières critiques....

Parole d’experts

Panel d’experts autour de Prof. Eric PIRARD, ULg - GeMMe

Quand les métaux arrivent en ville. Enjeux et stratégies pour les matières premières critiques.

Avec le soutien de :

Liège Créative April 23rd, 2013 1

Closing the Loop: A Sustainable Way to address Resource Scarcity

Denis Goffaux Chief Technology Officer

Today metals and materials scarcity topics are in the mainstream media

… which is no surprise taking into account …


World population growth and development


Trends in metal prices

Commodity Metals Price Index Monthly Price - Index Number

Description: Commodity Metals Price Index, 2005 = 100, includes Copper, Aluminum, Iron Ore, Tin, Nickel, Zinc, Lead, and Uranium Price Indices


Criticality for Europe: EU-Raw Materials Initiative materials for which a threat to supply could involve harm to the national economy, and for which the risk is higher than for most other raw materials in the coming 10 years

Source: Critical Raw Materials for the EU – European Commission Enterprise & Industry, July 2010

Critical materials (EU): Be, Co, Ga, Ge, In, Mg, Nb, PGM, REE, Sb, Ta, W, fluorspar, graphite


History of sustainability


“We do not inherit the land from our ancestors, we borrow it from our children.” Native Americans

Native Americans, Aboriginals and Inuit people have a tradition to protect their resources and use them in a sustainable way.


1971 1972

1968 1972

Green movement in the 60´s and 70´s Environmental issues became more mainstream


Brundtland report 1987 Brought sustainability to the mainstream public

Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development:

"Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs".

Two key concepts: 1. 'needs', in particular the essential needs of the world's poor, to which overriding priority should be given 2. ‘limitations’ imposed by the state of technology and social organization on the environment's ability to meet present and future needs


21st century: A renewed sense of urgency from a number of players.

United Nations Millennium goals


Technology Materials are part of the solution… Their scarcity is another issue to deal with


Efficient production and use of energy will further boost demand for technology metals

Fuel Cells Light Emitting Diodes (LED)

Photovoltaic (solar cells) Electric vehicles & batteries Germanium Gallium Selenium Indium Tellurium Silver …

Lithium Cobalt Nickel Rare Earth Elements Copper …

Gallium Indium Germanium Silver …

Platinum Iridium Cobalt …


C. Hagelüken, C.E.M. Meskers: Complex lifecycles of precious and special metals in Linkages of Sustainability. Strüngmann Forum Report vol. 4. T. Graedel, E. van der Voet (eds.) Cambridge, MA, MIT Press 2010.

Technology metals mainly come as a mining by-product

Supply of technology metals is price inelastic

Substitution potential is usually limited


Recent boom in demand for most technology metals

% mined in 1980-2010

% mined in 1900-1980

Mine production since 1980 / since 1900

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%

Re Ga In Ru Pd Rh Ir REE Si Pt Ta Li Se Ni Co Ge Cu Bi Ag Au

% mined in 1980-2010

% mined in 1900-1980

REE = Rare Earth Elements


Resource efficiency needed to deal with scarcity of technology metals

material solutions Metals

Application know-how

Recycling

Material solutions

Chemistry Material science

Metallurgy


Section title slide

Umicore Cherry

Urban mining


Cu

Co

Au

Pt

In

Sn

Ag

Pd

Ru

t CO2/ t

primary metal *

≈

≈

10,000

200

10

0 * Source:

Ecoinvent 2.0, EMPA/ETH-Zürich, 2007

Urban mining offers significant environmental advantages q  Urban mining prevents impact from non-

recycling •  Hazardous emissions •  Land use

q  Recycling mitigates environmental impacts of mining •  Less energy consumption/CO2 production •  Less land & water use •  Less environmental pressure on sensitive areas

q  Recycling lowers CO2 footprint for majority of metals

Urban mining offers ethical sourcing possibilities Not all metals can be economically recycled

today


End-of-life recycling rates

Too low, especially for complex feeds!


Opportunities & challenges of a circular economy

a reduce metal losses along all steps of lifecycle

• Reduce generation of residues • Collect residues comprehensively & recycle these efficiently

• Improve metal yields by using high quality recycling processes

Residues

Residues

Residues

Residues

Historic wastes (tailings, landfills)

Dissipation

Residues

Residues

Residues

Residues

Historic wastes (tailings, landfills)

Dissipation

End-of-LifeProductmanufacture

Use

Natural resources

Metals, alloys& compounds

New scrap

Raw materials production

Recyclingfrom

industrial materials

from Concentrates

& ores


Recycling needs a chain, not a single process - system approach is crucial

Collection 10,000’s

Prepro- cessing

1000‘s

100‘s

Example recycling of WEEE Recovery of technology metals

from circuit boards

3

Number of actors in Europe

Dismantling

Total efficiency is determined by weakest step in the chain Make sure that critical fractions reach these plants

Smelting & refining of technology metals (metallurgy)

Example: 30% x 90% x 60% x 95% = 15%

products

components/ fractions

metals Inve

stm

ent n

eeds


ISO 14001 & 9001, OHSAS 18001

Umicore’s Hoboken smelter

§  Input > 300 000 t/a of precious metals bearing secondary materials (WEEE, catalysts, smelter by-products etc.), §  Recovery of 17 metals: Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ir, Cu, Pb, Ni, Sn, Bi, Se, Te, Sb, As, In (universal process). §  Innovative special processes for more metals: rechargeable batteries → Co, (Li, REE) §  Investments since 1997: 500 Mio €; Investment for a comparable green field plant: >> 1 Bio €! §  PM yields > 95%; value of precious metals enables co-recovery of specialty metals (‘paying metals’)

What is the alternative?

Unicef photo of the year 2011

www.supportunicef.com


Umicore in a nutshell: Much more than recycling


2001

Sogem

Union Minière 1981

1908 Société Générale Métallurgique de Hoboken

1800 1850 1900 1950 2000

1853 Asturienne des Mines

1805 Vieille-Montagne

1887 Usine de Désargentation (Degussa)

1919 Société Générale des Minerais

1959 Mechim

1906 Union Minière du Haut-Katanga

1904 ACEC 1989 UM

1919 SIBEKA

2005 Cumerio

1873 Degussa (EM) DMC2 PMG 2003

MDK Kombinat Pirdop

1985

1989

1928 Compagnie des Metaux d’Overpelt 1970

1990

1985

1989

2007 Nyrstar

* Smaller acquisitions not mentioned in this overview

1869 Table of Mendeleev


Global presence: 14,600 people in 79 industrial sites

Figures include associated companies as of end 2012

North America

•  910 people

•  11 industrial sites

South America

•  1,118 people


Africa

•  1,517 people


Asia/Pacific

•  3,203 people


Europe

•  7,690 people


2012

Revenues € 2.4 bn

REBIT € 372 m

R&D € 182 m


Umicore’s business approach

q  We transform metals into hi-tech materials

q  We use application know-how to create tailor-made solutions in close collaboration with our customers

q  We close the loop and secure supply by recycling production scrap and end-of-life materials

q  We aim to minimize our environmental impact and be the best employer and neighbour

material solutions Metals

Application know-how

Recycling

Material solutions

Chemistry Material science

Metallurgy


Umicore activity fit with global megatrends

Electrification of the automobile

Resource scarcity

More stringent emission control

Renewable energy

We are the largest recycler of precious metals; we are able to recycle more than 20 different metals

We are a leading producer of key materials for rechargeable batteries for laptops, mobile phones as well as electrified vehicles

We provide catalysts for 1 out of 3 cars in the world as well as for trucks & non-road vehicles

We supply key innovative materials for high-efficiency solar cells and other photovoltaic applications


Sustainable Development at Umicore


Great place to work

Eco-efficiency

Stakeholder engagement

Economic performance

Sustainability objectives for 2011-2015

Zero lost time accidents

Occupational exposure reduction

People development

Preferred employer

We aim to have ZERO lost time accidents

We will reduce the body concentrations of specific metals to which our employees have an exposure: Cd, Pb, Co, Ni, As, Pt

All employees will receive an annual appraisal to discuss individual development

We will target our actions based on the results of the 2010 People Survey

Growth and returns

Reduce carbon footprint

Emission reduction

Product sustainability

We aim to reduce our CO2 emissions by 20% vs 2006 levels and based on 2006 industrial scope

We aim to reduce by 20% the impact of metal emissions to water and air vs 2009 levels

We will invest in tools to better understand and measure the life cycles and impacts of our products

Sustainable procurement

Local community

We will implement the new Sustainable Procurement Charter throughout our business

All our sites will be expected to make further steps in identifying key stakeholders and engaging with the local community

We have the potential to achieve double digit revenue growth in our key growth areas. We aim to generate ROCE of 15%.


Umicore ranked world’s most sustainable corporation

2013 Global 100 List COMPANY RANK Umicore SA 1 Natura Cosmeticos SA 2 Statoil ASA 3 Neste Oil OYJ 4 Novo Nordisk A/S 5 Storebrand ASA 6 Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV 7 Biogen Idec Inc 8 Dassault Systemes SA 9 Westpac Banking Corp 10

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