outlook project fine2 energy · objective review the methodology for assessing energy efficiency...

Outlook Project FINE2 – Energy

Dr. Jürgen Ernst, DB

FINE1 WP3 Leader

17/10/2019, Paris, FINE1 & OPEUS Final Conference

Energy topics1. Strategic view on energy efficiency2. Evaluation Energy KPI3. HVAC optimization potentials4. Assessing energy improvement by measurement in specific

demonstrators

Timeline▪ Start 11/2019▪ Duration 34 months

Partners▪ Alstom, BTG, CAF, DB, DLR, SNCF, Talgo, TRV

Outlook Project FINE2

Objective▪ Review the methodology for assessing energy efficiency▪ Amendment of European standards for energy assessment

Topics▪ Review and suggest updates of the European standard EN50591

with respect to the consideration of new energy-related technologies, e.g. battery storage systems

▪ Continue the work on energy labeling ▪ Amendment of the “Energy baseline” and „Future railway system

with respect to energy“ to cover further new technologies developed in S2R (e.g. battery drives)

1. Strategic View on Energy Efficiency

2. Evaluation Energy KPI

Objective▪ Update the assessment of energy usage reduction by

technologies developed in Shift2Rail

Topics▪ Collection of sub-level energy KPIs from the innovations

(now with higher TLR)▪ Calculation the energy usage reduction by means of the OPEUS

simulation tool▪ Plausibility check ▪ Providing the energy KPI for the overall KPI-estimation of

Shift2Rail

3. HVAC Optimisation Potential

Objective▪ Identification energy saving measures for heating and cooling

with a focus on battery powered trains

Topics▪ State-of-the-art HVAC using eco-friendly refrigerants ▪ Validation of the thermal carbody model▪ Carrying out thermal carbody simulations▪ Investigation of energy-saving measures for heating and cooling,

e.g. by means of control strategies and use of waste heat(with a special focus on BEMUs)

4. Assessing energy improvement by measurement

Objective▪ Evaluation of energy savings achieved by real measurements and

comparison against theoretically estimated values

Topics▪ Assessment of energy improvements due to Hybrid SiC converter

by real measurements ▪ Evaluation and modelling of the running resistance variation in

tunnel▪ Assessing of energy improvements due to driver advisory

systems by real measurements ▪ Assessment of Auxiliary loads management potential

Conclusion

The subsequent project will deliver ▪ Suggestion of amendments of the EN50591 with respect to new

technologies like battery drives▪ Update the assessment of energy usage reduction by

technologies developed in Shift2Rail▪ Investigation of energy-saving measures for heating and cooling▪ Practical results on assessing energy improvement by

measurement

Lukas Pröhl, Harald Aschemann

University of Rostock, Chair of Mechatronics

FINE1 & OPEUS Final Conference

17.10.2019, Paris

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Component

parameters

Simulation outputs Traction topology

tool

2/16

Overview

OPEUS-tool enhancement

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Distribution, Publication, Handling

• Development of a graphical user interface

• Handling via a web-based interface

Extension of the Tool

• Thermal model of the components

• Further infrastructure parameters

e.g. power network, enhanced track topology

• Extension of the simulation model topology

− Additional components, e.g. fuel cells

− Increase the level of detail for the model

• Development of energy optimization strategies

− Innovative optimization strategies, e.g.

machine learning principles

− Combination of driving style and operating

strategy

• Multiple train operation

2/16

Overview

OPEUS-tool enhancement

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Distribution, Publication, Handling

• Development of a graphical user interface

• Handling via a web-based interface

Extension of the Tool

• Thermal model of the components

• Further infrastructure parameters

e.g. power network, enhanced track topology

• Extension of the simulation model topology

− Additional components, e.g. fuel cells

− Increase the level of detail for the model

• Development of energy optimization strategies

− Innovative optimization strategies, e.g.

machine learning principles

− Combination of driving style and operating

strategy

• Multiple train operation

3/16

Distribution, Publication, Handling

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Development of graphical user interface:

Current state

• Input and output in Excel

• Parameter handling via Excel

• Simulation is executed via Matlab/Simulink

Pro

• Excel handling is easy and familiar

Contra

• Dependency on Excel

• Two different software tools

(Matlab+Excel)

3/16

Distribution, Publication, Handling

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Development of graphical user interface:

Current state

• Input and output in Excel

• Parameter handling via Excel

• Simulation is executed via Matlab/Simulink

Pro

• Excel handling is easy and familiar

Contra

• Dependency on Excel

• Two different software tools

(Matlab+Excel)

Possible enhancement

• Handling by an independent software

• Creation of an executable program

Component parameters

Simulation outputs Traction topology

3/16

Distribution, Publication, Handling

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Development of graphical user interface:

Current state

• Input and output in Excel

• Parameter handling via Excel

• Simulation is executed via Matlab/Simulink

Pro

• Excel handling is easy and familiar

Contra

• Dependency on Excel

• Two different software tools

(Matlab+Excel)

Possible enhancement

• Handling by an independent software

• Creation of an executable program

Pro

• Keep/improve easy handling

• Independent of Excel & Matlab

Decrease of requirements to run the

OPEUS-tool

Simplification of the distribution

Component parameters

Simulation outputs Traction topology

4/16

Distribution, Publication, Handling

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Handling via web-based interface

user interface:Current state

• Complete OPEUS-tool is available as

offline distribution

Pro

• Easy to adjust the code to address

tailor-made problems

Contra

• Complexity of the tool

• Hard understanding of the total functionality

Traction chain

simulation

ESS strategy

Operating

strategy

Trajectory

planner…

OPEUS-tool

4/16

Distribution, Publication, Handling

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Handling via web-based interface

user interface:Current state

• Complete OPEUS-tool is available as

offline distribution

Pro

• Easy to adjust the code to address

tailor made problems

Contra

• Complexity of the tool

• Hard understanding of the total functionality

Possible enhancement

• Web-based distribution of a light version of

tool

Pro

• Keep/improve easy handling

Decrease of requirements to run the

OPEUS-tool

Simplification of the distribution

Traction chain

simulation

ESS strategy

Operating

strategy

Trajectory

planner…

OPEUS-tool

Traction chain

simulation

OPEUS-tool

light

Overview

OPEUS-tool enhancement

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Distribution, Publication, Handling

• Development of a graphical user interface

• Handling via a web-based interface

Extension of the Tool

• Thermal model of the components

• Further infrastructure parameters

e.g. power network, enhanced track topology

• Extension of the simulation model topology

− Additional components, e.g. fuel cells

− Increase the level of detail for the model

• Development of energy optimization strategies

− Innovative optimization strategies, e.g.

machine learning principles

− Combination of driving style and operating

strategy

• Multiple train operation

6/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Thermal model of components

Current state:

• Power flow and

power losses

Intermediate circuit

Motor converterMotor

……

6/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Thermal model of components

Current state:

• Power flow and

power losses

Possible enhancement:

• Utilize power loss information

as input for the thermal model

Intermediate circuit

Motor converterMotor

……

Pro

• Detection of overheating

• Determination of cooling request

• Consider the thermal model for

the operating strategy

(e.g. induction motor, ESS)

6/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Thermal model of components

Current state:

• Power flow and

power losses

Intermediate circuit

Motor converterMotor

……

Possible enhancement:

• Utilize power loss information

as input for the thermal model

Overview

OPEUS-tool enhancement

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Distribution, Publication, Handling

• Development of a graphical user interface

• Handling via a web-based interface

Extension of the Tool

• Thermal model of the components

• Further infrastructure parameters

e.g. power network, enhanced track topology

• Extension of the simulation model topology

− Additional components, e.g. fuel cells

− Increase the level of detail for the model

• Development of energy optimization strategies

− Innovative optimization strategies, e.g.

machine learning principles

− Combination of driving style and operating

strategy

• Multiple train operation

7/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Further infrastructure parameters

Current state:

• Speed limits

• Gradient information

• Tunnel information

• Non-electrified sectionsTunnel

YES

NO

station

station

station

YES

NO

station

electrified

station

7/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Further infrastructure parameters

Current state:

• Speed limits

• Gradient information

• Tunnel information

• Non-electrified sections

Possible enhancement:

• Voltage drop at the catenary

• Maximum power that can be

recovered by the net

• …

Tunnel

YES

NO

station

station

station

YES

NO

station

electrified

station

station

Overview

OPEUS-tool enhancement

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Distribution, Publication, Handling

• Development of a graphical user interface

• Handling via a web-based interface

Extension of the Tool

• Thermal model of the components

• Further infrastructure parameters

e.g. power network, enhanced track topology

• Extension of the simulation model topology

− Additional components, e.g. fuel cells

− Increase the level of detail for the model

• Development of energy optimization strategies

− Innovative optimization strategies, e.g.

machine learning principles

− Combination of driving style and operating

strategy

• Multiple train operation

8/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Additional components/functionalities

DC intermediate circuit

body of the train wheel/brakes spur gear pantograph catenary

ESS - battery

motor convertermotor absorption circuit line converter transformer

battery converter

auxiliary inverter

- transformer link

auxiliary inverter – DC link rheostat converter

ESS battery converter

Var1

Var2

DLC converter DLC

~

3~

Current state:

8/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Additional components/functionalities

DC intermediate circuit

body of the train wheel/brakes spur gear

ESS - battery

motor convertermotor absorption circuit fuel cell converter

battery converter

auxiliary inverter – DC link rheostat converter

ESS battery converter

Var1

DLC converter DLC

fuel cell

Possible enhancement:

9/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Increase the level of detail for the component model

Current state:

• Modelling of power losses via efficiency maps

Possible enhancement:

• Detailed model to address the physical behaviour

Motor

10/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Increase the level of detail for the component model

Current state:

• Modelling of power losses via efficiency mapsPossible enhancement:

• Detailed model to address the physical behaviour

Pro

• Increase the level of detail

• Possibility for component manufactures to assess the

influence on component innovation in terms of overall

energy savings

• Possible for any component (based on the structural set

up of the tool)

11/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Increase the level of detail for the vehicle model

Current state:

• Vehicle considered as a mass pointPossible enhancement:

• Vehicle as a multi-body model

Pro

• More realistic presentation of the gradient influence and

the curve resistance

• Infrastructure characteristics can change over the length

of the train

Overview

OPEUS-tool enhancement

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Distribution, Publication, Handling

• Development of a graphical user interface

• Handling via a web-based interface

Extension of the Tool

• Thermal model of the components

• Further infrastructure parameters

e.g. power network, enhanced track topology

• Extension of the simulation model topology

− Additional components, e.g. fuel cells

− Increase the level of detail for the model

• Development of energy optimization strategies

− Innovative optimization strategies, e.g.

machine learning principles

− Combination of driving style and operating

strategy

• Multiple train operation

12/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Innovative optimization strategies

Current state:

• Applied optimization approaches for optimized driving style and ESS operating strategies

are based on simple optimization techniques (e.g. particle swarm optimization (PSO))

Possible enhancement:

• Implementation of innovative optimization techniques associated to machine learning principles,

e.g. iterative learning control (ILC), neural networks

http://neuralnetworksanddeeplearning.com

~=

13/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Combination of driving style and operating strategy

Current state:

• Separate determination of operating strategy

and driving style

Energy optimized driving style

ESS strategySwitch-off of traction

motors

13/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Combination of driving style and operating strategy

Current state:

• Separate determination of operating strategy

and driving style

Possible enhancement:

• Combination of operating strategy

and energy optimal driving style

− ESS strategy + driving style

− Partial switch-off of traction

components + driving style

Energy optimized driving style

ESS strategySwitch-off of traction

motors

Pro

• Energy optimized driving style depends

on operating strategy

− Coasting vs. recuperation

− Coasting vs. reduced number of

applied motors

Overview

OPEUS-tool enhancement

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Distribution, Publication, Handling

• Development of a graphical user interface

• Handling via a web-based interface

Extension of the Tool

• Thermal model of the components

• Further infrastructure parameters

e.g. power network, enhanced track topology

• Extension of the simulation model topology

− Additional components, e.g. fuel cells

− Increase the level of detail for the model

• Development of energy optimization strategies

− Innovative optimization strategies, e.g.

machine learning principles

− Combination of driving style and operating

strategy

• Multiple train operation

14/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Multiple train operation

Current state:

• Single train operation

• In-vehicle energy losses Station BStation A

14/16

Extension of the Tool

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Multiple train operation

Current state:

• Single train operation

• In-vehicle energy losses

Possible enhancement:

• Multiple train operation

Station BStation A

Station BStation A

Pro

• Investigation of correlation between multiple trains

• Balancing of the energy at catenary by a proper departure/arrival strategy

• Possible implementation of a operating strategy for a stationary ESS

15/16

Conclusions

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Current state

Station A

Possible enhancements

Distribution,

Publication,

Handling

Possible enhancements

Component parameters

Simulation outputs Traction topology

OPEUS-coordinator:Newcastle University

Dr. Roberto Palacin roberto.palacin@ncl.ac.uk

OPEUS-tool development:University of Rostock- Chair of Mechatronics

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Harald Aschemann harald.aschemann@uni-rostock.de

Lukas Pröhl M.Sc. lukas.proehl@uni-rostock.de

16/16OPEUS-tool enhancement

Contact Details

OPEUS-tool enhancement

Questions & Discussion