Energy Review

Explain the difference between kinetic and potential energy.

Kinetic energy is energy of MOTION.

Potential energy is stored energy in an object that is not moving.

Identify two things that can cause KE to increase.

Increase in speed (velocity).

Large mass

Identify two things that affect gravitational potential energy.

Height

Mass

REVIEW:

KINETIC OR

POTENTIAL ENRGY?

If both of these balls are traveling down a bowling lane at the SAME speed, which one would have more kinetic energy? Support your answer.

Ball A because it has greater mass.

Which skier will have a greater potential energy? Support your answer.

Skier 1 because skier 1 has greater height.

At which two points on the pendulum, is the pendulum experiencing the greatest potential energy?

A and D

Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy?1. A car not moving2. Water falling off a dam3. A rock resting on a ledge4. A person sitting in a chair

Which of the following increases when a metal spring is stretched horizontally?1. Potential energy2. Kinetic energy3. Gravitational potential energy4. Electrical energy

What happens to the kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy of a ball during free fall?1. GPE and KE both increase.2. GPE and KE both decrease.3. GPE decreases and KE increases.4. GPE increases and KE decreases.

Identify the source of energy used (mechanical, thermal (heat), electrical, chemical, nuclear)1. Moving river water2. Food3. Lightening4. Produced as a result of friction5. Oven6. Roller coaster7. Battery8. Hot iron9. Coal10. Stored in an atom’s nucleus

MechanicalChemical

ElectricalThermal

ThermalMechanical

ChemicalThermal

ChemicalNuclear

A bicycle rider ate breakfast before the ride. Which energy transformation occurred during the bike ride?1. Kinetic to chemical energy2. Chemical to kinetic energy3. Kinetic to nuclear energy4. Nuclear to kinetic energy

A song is playing on the radio. Which best describes the change in the flow of energy?1. Electrical energy light energy2. Electrical energy sound energy3. Sound energy light energy4. Sound energy electrical energy

Which device produces mechanical energy?1. A battery2. A light bulb3. An electric motor4. A solar cooker

Explain the difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources.

Renewable resources are energy sources that can be replaced as quickly as it is used.

Nonrenewable resources cannot be replaced by natural processes as quickly as they are used.

Identify some types of fossil fuels.Natural GasPetroleumCoal

Identify the following energy sources as renewable or nonrenewable. 1. Solar2. Natural Gas3. Geothermal energy4. Wind5. Hydroelectricity6. Fossil fuels7. Coal8. Biomass9. Petroleum

RenewableNonrenewable

RenewableRenewable

RenewableNonrenewable

NonrenewableRenewable

Nonrenewable

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of nuclear energy.

Advantages:• Power plants could still produce electricity after coal

and oil become scarce

• Do not produce air pollutants & CO2

Disadvantages:• A meltdown can cause a nuclear explosion that

releases radiation into the environment• Water used to cool power plants are dumped into

rivers and streams kill organisms

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of wind energy.

Advantages:• Does not burn fossil fuels• No pollution• Low costs

Disadvantages:• No wind no energy

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of solar energy.

Advantages:• Does not burn fossil fuels

• Do not produce air pollutants & CO2

Disadvantages:• Expensive

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of hydroelectricity.

Advantages:• Does not burn fossil fuels

• Do not produce air pollutants & CO2

Disadvantages:• Habitat destruction

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of geothermal energy

Advantages:• Does not burn fossil fuels

• Do not produce air pollutants & CO2

Disadvantages:• Not all areas are suitable for geothermal energy.• High startup costs.

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of biomass.

Advantages:• Does not burn fossil fuels• Fuels produced by biomass are clean-burning.• Available throughout the world.

Disadvantages:• Expensive to build biogas plant. • Biogas plants require space possible habitat

destruction.