no slide title · 2017-11-13 · 11/13/2017 1 ades 40:151 introduction to disaster studies...

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ADES 40:151INTRODUCTION TO DISASTER STUDIES

APPLICATION OF GEOMATICS TECHNOLOGIES FOR EMERGENCY

MANAGEMENT & RESPONSE

WHAT IS A GEOMATICS?

• The science and technology of gathering, analyzing, interpreting, distributing and using geographic information

• Includes the following technologies:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

WHAT IS A GEOMATICS?

• Surveying

• measurement of:

•

•

•

•

• for determining absolute or relative location

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WHAT IS A GEOMATICS?

• Mapping

• Graphic model

• _________ representation of real world

• Depicts _______ of features and _______of features

• in accordance with cartographic theory and practice

WHAT IS A GEOMATICS?

• Remote Sensing

• science and technology of obtaining information about an object or phenomenon

• through the analysis of data collected by instruments or sensors

• ______________ with the feature in question

SIMPLE REMOTE SENSING SYSTEM

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COMPLETE RS SYSTEM

PHOTOGRAMMETRY

The extraction of ____________ information

from aerial photography

Typically applied to vertical photos

Includes measures of:

SATELLITE IMAGERYVS. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

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SPECTRAL SIGNATURES

DIGITAL IMAGE CLASSIFICATION

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DIGITAL IMAGE CLASSIFICATION

WHAT IS A GIS?

• GIS

•A method of combining __________ and _____________ in a computer for __________ and ___________ geographic data

Species: OakHeight: 15mAge: 75 Yrs

51°N, 112°W

GEOSPATIAL DATA

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WHAT IS A GEOMATICS?

• GPS

• a satellite-based positioning/navigation system consisting of:

•

•

•

• determines absolute location through the principles of __________________________

SATELLITE RANGING

INTEGRATED GEOMATICS IS (IGIS)

• Applications that involve some degree of integration b/w geomatics technologies

• Perceived advantages:

• seemless data transfer

• real-time data acquisition/analysis

• development of expert/decision support systems

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MODELS OF INTEGRATION

• Gao (2002, PERS) identified 4 levels of integration

• Focused on RS, GPS and GIS

• Linear – unidirectional flow

• Interactive – bidirectional flow

• Hierarchical – tiers that are unidirectional

• Complex – bidirectional between all components

DISASTER AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE

• Geomatics are location-based technologies

• Absolute and relative location of everything related to a disaster is v. imp.

• the hazard(s)

• the event

• resources

• people affected

• people responding

• etc.

WHAT DOES THE LITERATURE INDICATE?

• How are or could geomatics being used?

• Annotated bibliography by Westlund, 2007

• Conclusions:

• applied to all phases of disaster management

• improved management of multiple activities

• enhanced communication b/w participants

• facilitated flow of information for decision making

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MODELS OF INTEGRATION

MODELS OF INTEGRATION

MODELS OF INTEGRATION

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MODELS OF INTEGRATION

MODELS OF INTEGRATION

SO HOW ARE PRACTITIONERS ACTUALLY USING GEOMATICS AND HOW IMPORTANT DO

EDUCATORS THINK IT IS?

• Web-based survey of:

• 135 (>3000) practitioners

• 35 (137) educators

• 0 (21) software developers

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WHO RESPONDED

WHO RESPONDED

EDUCATORS

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PRACTITIONERS

GEOMATICS KNOWLEDGE

APPLYING GEOMATICS

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GIS ACTIVITIES

GPS ACTIVITIES

RS ACTIVITIES

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ATTITUDES TOWARD TECHNOLOGY

SHOULD YOU LEARN ABOUT GEOMATICS?

PROGRAMS OFFERING GEOMATICS

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IMPLICATIONS OF INCREASED USE

HINDRANCES FOR USE OF TECHNOLOGY

TOP 10 CHALLENGES

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RESULTS

• Geomatics use has and will increase

• Level 1 integrations are most common and used primarily for preparedness (mapping)

• Cost and expertise are the predominant obstacles to implementation

• There appears to be a disconnect between educators and practitioners

CONCLUSIONS

• Geomatics has the potential to:

• enhance communication

• improve situational awareness

• increase management capacity

• But technology comes with:

• a high cost

• over-dependence

• elimination of human element