io t introduction to electronics

IoTIoTIntroduction Introduction

to to ElectronicsElectronics

Marian HackMan MarinovChief System Architect of SiteGround.com

<mm@1h.com>

Who am I?Who am I?

DisclaimerDisclaimer

➢ I'm not an Electrical Engineer

➢ I don't know the laws of Ohm and Kirchhoff

BooksBooks

What we will talk about?What we will talk about?

➢ Switches

➢ Relays

➢ Transistors

➢ Diodes

➢ Fuses

➢ Capacitors

Electric circuit schemeElectric circuit scheme

Real world electronicsReal world electronics

➢ Your lights

Real world electronicsReal world electronics

➢ Your lights

➢ Your TV

Real world electronicsReal world electronics

➢ Your lights

➢ Your TV

➢ Your audio system

Real world electronicsReal world electronics

➢ Your lights

➢ Your TV

➢ Your audio system

➢ Electric cooking stove

Real world electronicsReal world electronics

➢ Your lights

➢ Your TV

➢ Your audio system

➢ Electric cooking stove

➢ Water/Heating system

SwitchesSwitches

Single Throw Switch(ST)Double Throw Switch(DT)

SwitchesSwitches

Single Throw Switch(ST)

SwitchesSwitches

Double Throw Switch(DT)

SwitchesSwitches

➢ Single Throw, Single Pole (STSP)

➢ Double Throw, Single Pole (DTSP)

➢ Single Throw, Double Pole (STDP)

➢ Double Throw, Double Pole (DTDP)

➢ Throw == Terminal

STDP DTDP

RelaysRelays

➢ Separate the control circuit from the actual device

RelaysRelays

➢ Separate the control circuit from the actual device

RelaysRelays

RelaysRelays

ContactorsContactors

➢ Used for high power electronics like

➢ ovens

➢ electric sockets

➢ engines

PitfallsPitfalls

➢ Relays and contactors share a few problems

➢ Reverse voltage

➢ Sparks causing

EMI/EMP

Arduino and relays?Arduino and relays?

TransistorsTransistors

TransistorsTransistors

N NeverP PointsN iN

N NegativeP PositiveN Negative

P PointsN iNP Permanently

P PositiveN NegativeP Positive

TransistorsTransistors

➢ Bipolar

➢ Junction FET

➢ MOSFET (a.k.a IGBT)

➢ Unijunction FET

Arduino - transistorArduino - transistor

Transistors vs. RelaysTransistors vs. RelaysTransistorTransistor RelayRelay

Long-term reliabilityLong-term reliability ExcellentExcellent LimitedLimited

Configurable for DP and/or DT switchingConfigurable for DP and/or DT switching NoNo YesYes

Ability to switch large currentsAbility to switch large currents LimitedLimited GoodGood

Able to switch ACAble to switch AC Usually notUsually not YesYes

Can be triggered by ACCan be triggered by AC Usually notUsually not OptionalOptional

Suitability for miniaturizationSuitability for miniaturization ExcellentExcellent Very limitedVery limited

Sensitive to heatSensitive to heat HighHigh ModerateModerate

Ability to switch at high speedAbility to switch at high speed ExcellentExcellent LimitedLimited

Price advantage for low-voltage low-currentPrice advantage for low-voltage low-current YesYes NoNo

Price advantage for high-voltage high-currentPrice advantage for high-voltage high-current NoNo YesYes

Current leakage when “off”Current leakage when “off” YesYes NoNo

DiodesDiodes

DiodesDiodes

Arduino with IR diodeArduino with IR diode

FusesFuses

CapacitorsCapacitors

➢ Fast rechargeable batteries

➢ Surge protection

➢ Can be used as timers

➢ Can be used as hold the key

Ohm's Law

The things you are AFRAID

Marian HackMan Marinov <mm@1h.com>hackman @ irc.freenode.net https://github.com/hackman