ftth pon-passive components
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2004 All Rights Reserved
1
FTTP PON - The Critical Componentsand
Their Impact on the Development of International Standards
By
Dr. Andre GirardCo-Chair of TIA FO-4.3
Presented at FO-4.3.1 and FO-4.3
2004 All Rights Reserved
2
Connector Types
2004 All Rights Reserved
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FTTP PON - The Critical Components
Optical Optical AmplifierAmplifier
Optical FiberOptical Fiber
ONTONT
WWDM WWDM CouplerCoupler
1490nm
1310nm
1550nm
VideoVideo
OLTOLT
SplitterSplitter
1490nm1310nm
1550nm
Cable
ATM Protocol/TDMAATM Protocol/TDMA
TxTx
Tx
Rx
Tx
RxRx
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PON Passive Optical ComponentsSplitter and Wide WDM Coupler
Broad operating wavelength range 1310-nm; 1260-1360 nm upstream region 1490-nm; 1480-1510 nm downstream region 1550-nm; 1550-1560 nm downstream region
Bidirectional transmissions
Low insertion loss and high uniformity Splitter very lossy at high port count
Small packaging
High reliability
Support network survivability and protection policy
WWDM Coupler1490 nm
1550 nm
1310 nm
Splitter
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Wide WDM
Coarse WDM
Dense WDM
Based on channel spacing
50 nm
<50 nm
1000 GHz
PON Passive Optical ComponentsClasses of WDM Components
IEC = International Electrotechnical CommissionITU-T = International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector
Rec. G.671 Transmission characteristics of optical components and subsystemsIEC 62074-1: Fibre optic WDM devices–Part 1: Generic specification
ITU-T (Rec. G.671)/IEC (62074-1)
2004 All Rights Reserved
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Passive Optical ComponentsTechnology Breakdown
Thin Films
Gratings
Bulk Optical
Fiber Bragg
Fiber-Based
Fused Biconic Taper coupler
Waveguides/PLC
WWDM Coupler1490 nm
1550 nm
1310 nm
Splitter
2004 All Rights Reserved
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Passive Component TechnologiesThin-Film Filters (TFF)
Transmitted Spectrum• Specific Wavelength/Band• Bandpass shape
Incident Spectrum
Substrate MaterialDielectric Coatings• Wavelength Selective
Reflected Spectrum• Band Reject
2004 All Rights Reserved
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Thin Film Filters 3-Port WWDM Coupler
Typical 3-Port Device
Possible 3-Port PON Device
< 1.0 dB
< 1.0 dB
OLT
ONT
1310 nm
1490 nm
1550 nm
IN OUT
EXPRESS
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Passive Component TechnologiesBulk Diffraction Gratings
Reflected Light1310 nmLong
WavelengthsIncident Light
Short Wavelengths
1490 nm1550 nm
ONT
OLT
Possible PON WWDM Coupler
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Passive Component TechnologiesFiber Bragg Gratings
Bragg
Input Spectrum
P Output Spectrum
P
Reflected Spectrum
P
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Wide WDM Coupler Out (Pass Port)
DropReflect Port Add
In
1 23 2
31
OpticalCirculatorFBG
Bragg
Passive Component TechnologiesFiber Bragg Gratings Possible PON WWDM Coupler
Out
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Passive Component TechnologiesPON WWDM Coupler Technology comparison
Technology
TFF
BDG
FBG
Advantages
Known for yearsLow cost
Reflective or transmissive
Known for yearsVery low lossTuneability
Fiber-basedTuneability
Drawbacks
LossyConnections
Only reflective Connections
Polarization sensitive
Very lossy in transmissionComplex design
Dispersion sensitive
2004 All Rights Reserved
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PON Passive Optical ComponentsSplitter Technology
Fused Biconic Taper (FBT) Fiber
InputOutputFused Biconic Taper
1
2
= kn3
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PLC = Planar Lightwave Circuit
Optical circuit on a silicon wafer
Made using tools and techniques
Based on semiconductor industry
Si SubstrateCladding
Core
Si SubstrateCladding
CoreMask
Si Substrate
Si SubstrateCladding
Core
Cladding
Etching
Core
Cladding
Planar Waveguide
PON Passive Optical ComponentsSplitter Technology
2004 All Rights Reserved
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Passive Component TechnologiesPON SplitterTechnology comparison
Technology
FBTF
PLC
Advantages
Known for yearsLow cost
Reflective or transmissive
Known for yearsVery low lossTuneability
Fiber-basedTuneability
Drawbacks
LossyConnections
Only reflective Connections
Polarization sensitive
Very lossy in transmissionComplex design
Dispersion sensitive
2004 All Rights Reserved
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Passive Component TechnologiesPON Splitter - Performances
2004 All Rights Reserved
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ITU-T SG15 Recommendations
G.671 Transmission characteristics of optical components and subsystems
IEC SC86B on Passive Components
61753-082-2: Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components performance standard–Part 082-2: Non connectorized single mode fibre optic pigtailed 1.31/1.55 m WDM devices for category C – Controlled environment
62074-1: Fibre optic WDM devices–Part 1: Generic specification
61300-3-7: Basic test and measurement procedures–Part 3-7: Examinations and measurements - Wavelength dependence of attenuation and return loss
Telcordia
GR-1209 Generic Requirements for Fiber Optic Branching Components
GR-1221 Generic Reliability Assurance Requirements for Fiber Optic Branching Components
International StandardsPassive Optical Components - Incomplete
2004 All Rights Reserved
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IEC 62074-1 and ITU-T G.671Attenuation (Transfer Coefficients)
Operating Wavelength Range
Insertion Loss/Deviation
X dB-Bandwidth
Ripple
Channel Non-Uniformity
Free Spectral Range (FSR)
Directivity
Channel Response Time
International StandardsWavelength-selective branching device
Return Loss (band dependence)
Chromatic Dispersion (Group Delay)
PDL, PDCW, PDBW, PDI
Isolation Wavelength/Range
Isolation (Adjacent/Non-Adjacent Channel)
Maximum Isolation (Adjacent Channel)PDL = Polarization Dependent LossPDCW = Polarization Dependent Center WavelengthPDBW = Polarization Dependent BandwidthPDI = Polarization Dependent Isolation
WWDM Coupler1490 nm
1550 nm
1310 nm
Splitter
2004 All Rights Reserved
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Broadband Source (BBS) - OSA
BBS - Interferometer-based OSA (Wavemeter)
Tunable Laser Source (TLS) - OSA
Fixed set of wavelengths - Optical Power Meter (OPM)
TLS – OPM
Swept TLS - OPM
Spectral CharacterizationThe Measurement Methods
OPM
OSATLS
OPMTLS
DU
T
OSA1xN Switch
Wavemeter
BBS
DU
T
1470 nm
1490 nm
1510 nm
1530 nm
1550 nm
1570 nm
1590 nm
1610 nm
Switch or
Coupler DU
T
OPM
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