ftth pon-passive components

2004 All Rights Reserved

1

FTTP PON - The Critical Componentsand

Their Impact on the Development of International Standards

By

Dr. Andre GirardCo-Chair of TIA FO-4.3

Presented at FO-4.3.1 and FO-4.3


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Connector Types


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FTTP PON - The Critical Components

Optical Optical AmplifierAmplifier

Optical FiberOptical Fiber

ONTONT

WWDM WWDM CouplerCoupler

1490nm

1310nm

1550nm

VideoVideo

OLTOLT

SplitterSplitter

1490nm1310nm

1550nm

Cable

ATM Protocol/TDMAATM Protocol/TDMA

TxTx

Tx

Rx

Tx

RxRx


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PON Passive Optical ComponentsSplitter and Wide WDM Coupler

Broad operating wavelength range 1310-nm; 1260-1360 nm upstream region 1490-nm; 1480-1510 nm downstream region 1550-nm; 1550-1560 nm downstream region

Bidirectional transmissions

Low insertion loss and high uniformity Splitter very lossy at high port count

Small packaging

High reliability

Support network survivability and protection policy

WWDM Coupler1490 nm

1550 nm

1310 nm

Splitter


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Wide WDM

Coarse WDM

Dense WDM

Based on channel spacing

50 nm

<50 nm

1000 GHz

PON Passive Optical ComponentsClasses of WDM Components

IEC = International Electrotechnical CommissionITU-T = International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector

Rec. G.671 Transmission characteristics of optical components and subsystemsIEC 62074-1: Fibre optic WDM devices–Part 1: Generic specification

ITU-T (Rec. G.671)/IEC (62074-1)


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Passive Optical ComponentsTechnology Breakdown

Thin Films

Gratings

Bulk Optical

Fiber Bragg

Fiber-Based

Fused Biconic Taper coupler

Waveguides/PLC

WWDM Coupler1490 nm

1550 nm

1310 nm

Splitter


7

Passive Component TechnologiesThin-Film Filters (TFF)

Transmitted Spectrum• Specific Wavelength/Band• Bandpass shape

Incident Spectrum

Substrate MaterialDielectric Coatings• Wavelength Selective

Reflected Spectrum• Band Reject


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Thin Film Filters 3-Port WWDM Coupler

Typical 3-Port Device

Possible 3-Port PON Device

< 1.0 dB

< 1.0 dB

OLT

ONT

1310 nm

1490 nm

1550 nm

IN OUT

EXPRESS


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Passive Component TechnologiesBulk Diffraction Gratings

Reflected Light1310 nmLong

WavelengthsIncident Light

Short Wavelengths

1490 nm1550 nm

ONT

OLT

Possible PON WWDM Coupler


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Passive Component TechnologiesFiber Bragg Gratings

Bragg

Input Spectrum

P Output Spectrum

P

Reflected Spectrum

P


11

Wide WDM Coupler Out (Pass Port)

DropReflect Port Add

In

1 23 2

31

OpticalCirculatorFBG

Bragg

Passive Component TechnologiesFiber Bragg Gratings Possible PON WWDM Coupler

Out


12

Passive Component TechnologiesPON WWDM Coupler Technology comparison

Technology

TFF

BDG

FBG

Advantages

Known for yearsLow cost

Reflective or transmissive

Known for yearsVery low lossTuneability

Fiber-basedTuneability

Drawbacks

LossyConnections

Only reflective Connections

Polarization sensitive

Very lossy in transmissionComplex design

Dispersion sensitive


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PON Passive Optical ComponentsSplitter Technology

Fused Biconic Taper (FBT) Fiber

InputOutputFused Biconic Taper

1

2

= kn3


14

PLC = Planar Lightwave Circuit

Optical circuit on a silicon wafer

Made using tools and techniques

Based on semiconductor industry

Si SubstrateCladding

Core


CoreMask

Si Substrate


Core

Cladding

Etching

Core

Cladding

Planar Waveguide

PON Passive Optical ComponentsSplitter Technology


15

Passive Component TechnologiesPON SplitterTechnology comparison

Technology

FBTF

PLC

Advantages

Known for yearsLow cost

Reflective or transmissive

Known for yearsVery low lossTuneability

Fiber-basedTuneability

Drawbacks

LossyConnections

Only reflective Connections

Polarization sensitive

Very lossy in transmissionComplex design

Dispersion sensitive


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Passive Component TechnologiesPON Splitter - Performances


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ITU-T SG15 Recommendations

G.671 Transmission characteristics of optical components and subsystems

IEC SC86B on Passive Components

61753-082-2: Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components performance standard–Part 082-2: Non connectorized single mode fibre optic pigtailed 1.31/1.55 m WDM devices for category C – Controlled environment

62074-1: Fibre optic WDM devices–Part 1: Generic specification

61300-3-7: Basic test and measurement procedures–Part 3-7: Examinations and measurements - Wavelength dependence of attenuation and return loss

Telcordia

GR-1209 Generic Requirements for Fiber Optic Branching Components

GR-1221 Generic Reliability Assurance Requirements for Fiber Optic Branching Components

International StandardsPassive Optical Components - Incomplete


18

IEC 62074-1 and ITU-T G.671Attenuation (Transfer Coefficients)

Operating Wavelength Range

Insertion Loss/Deviation

X dB-Bandwidth

Ripple

Channel Non-Uniformity

Free Spectral Range (FSR)

Directivity

Channel Response Time

International StandardsWavelength-selective branching device

Return Loss (band dependence)

Chromatic Dispersion (Group Delay)

PDL, PDCW, PDBW, PDI

Isolation Wavelength/Range

Isolation (Adjacent/Non-Adjacent Channel)

Maximum Isolation (Adjacent Channel)PDL = Polarization Dependent LossPDCW = Polarization Dependent Center WavelengthPDBW = Polarization Dependent BandwidthPDI = Polarization Dependent Isolation

WWDM Coupler1490 nm

1550 nm

1310 nm

Splitter


19

Broadband Source (BBS) - OSA

BBS - Interferometer-based OSA (Wavemeter)

Tunable Laser Source (TLS) - OSA

Fixed set of wavelengths - Optical Power Meter (OPM)

TLS – OPM

Swept TLS - OPM

Spectral CharacterizationThe Measurement Methods

OPM

OSATLS

OPMTLS

DU

T

OSA1xN Switch

Wavemeter

BBS

DU

T

1470 nm

1490 nm

1510 nm

1530 nm

1550 nm

1570 nm

1590 nm

1610 nm

Switch or

Coupler DU

T

OPM

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