effective parenting skills. what is parenting? / parenting is a process – the process of caring...

Effective Parenting SkillsEffective Parenting Skills

What is Parenting?What is Parenting? Parenting is a process – the process of caring

for children and helping them grow and learn.

An important aspect of developing parenting skills is learning to nurture children. A parent or caregiver nurtures a child by proving encouragement and enriching experiences. Nurturing also involves showing love, support, concern, and understanding.

Parenting is a process – the process of caring for children and helping them grow and learn.

An important aspect of developing parenting skills is learning to nurture children. A parent or caregiver nurtures a child by proving encouragement and enriching experiences. Nurturing also involves showing love, support, concern, and understanding.

Parenting StylesParenting Styles

Select the following parenting style according to the description given. Select the following parenting style according to the description given.

The choices are: Authoritarian,

Permissive, Democratic

The choices are: Authoritarian,

Permissive, Democratic

A parent that expects unquestioning obedience. A parent that expects unquestioning obedience.

Authoritarian

A parent that is more concerned with being their child’s friend than parent.

A parent that is more concerned with being their child’s friend than parent.

Permissive

The parent’s word is law; parents have absolute control.

The parent’s word is law; parents have absolute control.

Authoritarian

Parents set limits and enforce family rules. Parents set limits and enforce family rules.

Democratic

Listens to concerns and requests of children. Gives reasons for decisions and home rules.

Listens to concerns and requests of children. Gives reasons for decisions and home rules.

Democratic

Non-controlling, non-demanding; children walk all over the parents.

Non-controlling, non-demanding; children walk all over the parents.

Permissive

When Children are DeprivedWhen Children are Deprived Unfortunately, some children grow up with

parents who have not learned parenting skills and who do not encourage learning. By the time they are four years old, these children are measurably behind others in development.

Deprivation – the lack of healthy, nurturing environment.

Do not confuse deprivation with poverty. Deprived children can come from wealthy families as well.

Unfortunately, some children grow up with parents who have not learned parenting skills and who do not encourage learning. By the time they are four years old, these children are measurably behind others in development.

Deprivation – the lack of healthy, nurturing environment.

Do not confuse deprivation with poverty. Deprived children can come from wealthy families as well.

Providing Love and SupportProviding Love and Support In many ways, nurturing is the same as

loving. Love is the sum of the caring and positive things we do for the benefit of others.

Love can be shown in many different ways. Hugs, kisses, and smiles are clear indicators of a parent’s love. Listening patiently and attentively, giving time and attention are also examples.

In many ways, nurturing is the same as loving. Love is the sum of the caring and positive things we do for the benefit of others.

Love can be shown in many different ways. Hugs, kisses, and smiles are clear indicators of a parent’s love. Listening patiently and attentively, giving time and attention are also examples.

OverparentingOverparenting Overprotective and over attentive – showing the

child with too much attention, too many toys, and too many treats. These parents make excuses for the child’s inappropriate behavior and try to shield the child from difficult experiences.

An overprotective parent forgets that children learn from trial and error and that mistakes are an essential part of the growth process.

These children then lack independence because parents have always made choices for them.

Overprotective and over attentive – showing the child with too much attention, too many toys, and too many treats. These parents make excuses for the child’s inappropriate behavior and try to shield the child from difficult experiences.

An overprotective parent forgets that children learn from trial and error and that mistakes are an essential part of the growth process.

These children then lack independence because parents have always made choices for them.

Communicating PositivelyCommunicating Positively Children are most responsive when you

speak in kind, respectful tones and use simple language. Get on the child’s level, sit or kneel so that

you are eye-to-eye. Be simple. Use words the child can

understand. Be clear. Think in terms of the child’s point

of view. Be positive and polite Give praise and love.

Children are most responsive when you speak in kind, respectful tones and use simple language. Get on the child’s level, sit or kneel so that

you are eye-to-eye. Be simple. Use words the child can

understand. Be clear. Think in terms of the child’s point

of view. Be positive and polite Give praise and love.

Question Set #1Question Set #1 What are the 3 types of parenting

styles? Describe them. How does a parent or other caregiver

nurture a child? What is deprivation? What is overparenting? What negative

affects can overparenting have on children?

List five guidelines to follow when communicating with young children?

What are the 3 types of parenting styles? Describe them.

How does a parent or other caregiver nurture a child?

What is deprivation? What is overparenting? What negative

affects can overparenting have on children?

List five guidelines to follow when communicating with young children?

Guiding Children’s BehaviorGuiding Children’s Behavior Discipline – the task of helping children learn to behave in

acceptable ways.

Discipline does not mean making children behave. Children can not be forced to act according to adult standards. However, when caregivers combine firmness with understanding, children can learn to control their actions.

Gradually, children begin to understand why certain actions are right or wrong. They develop and conscience – an inner sense of what is right.

The ultimate goal of discipline is to help children achieve self-discipline – the ability to control one’s own behavior.

Discipline – the task of helping children learn to behave in acceptable ways.

Discipline does not mean making children behave. Children can not be forced to act according to adult standards. However, when caregivers combine firmness with understanding, children can learn to control their actions.

Gradually, children begin to understand why certain actions are right or wrong. They develop and conscience – an inner sense of what is right.

The ultimate goal of discipline is to help children achieve self-discipline – the ability to control one’s own behavior.

Encouraging Appropriate Behavior

Encouraging Appropriate Behavior

Set a good example Children are great imitators. They learn best

by being shown what to do rather than by just being told.

Tell what is expected They need to be told what is expected of

them in ways they can understand. Praise appropriate behavior

It helps children feel good about themselves. Praise is an example of positive reinforcement – a response that encourages a particular behavior.

Set a good example Children are great imitators. They learn best

by being shown what to do rather than by just being told.

Tell what is expected They need to be told what is expected of

them in ways they can understand. Praise appropriate behavior

It helps children feel good about themselves. Praise is an example of positive reinforcement – a response that encourages a particular behavior.

Setting LimitsSetting Limits Limits should keep children from hurting themselves,

other people, or property.

Keep these questions in mind when setting limits: Does the limit allow the child to learn, explore, and

grow? Is the limit fair and appropriate for the child’s age? Does the limit benefit the child, or is it merely for adults’

convenience?

Be prepared to repeat the limits or rules several times. Limits should be presented to the child in a calm,

direct tone of voice that indicates the limit is real and to be respected.

When introducing a limit, it is best to follow these steps: Be understanding of the child’s desires. Set the limit and explain it. Acknowledge the child’s feelings. Give alternatives.

Limits should keep children from hurting themselves, other people, or property.

Keep these questions in mind when setting limits: Does the limit allow the child to learn, explore, and

grow? Is the limit fair and appropriate for the child’s age? Does the limit benefit the child, or is it merely for adults’

convenience?

Be prepared to repeat the limits or rules several times. Limits should be presented to the child in a calm,

direct tone of voice that indicates the limit is real and to be respected.

When introducing a limit, it is best to follow these steps: Be understanding of the child’s desires. Set the limit and explain it. Acknowledge the child’s feelings. Give alternatives.

Dealing with Inappropriate Behavior

Dealing with Inappropriate Behavior

Questions a caregiver should ask when responding to a child’s misbehavior: Does the child understand that the behavior is wrong? Was the behavior intentional, or was it simply beyond

the child’s control?

Punishment is negative reinforcement – a response that tends to discourage a particular behavior from being repeated.

Techniques for dealing with inappropriate behavior: Natural consequences Loss of privileges Ignoring Time-out

Questions a caregiver should ask when responding to a child’s misbehavior: Does the child understand that the behavior is wrong? Was the behavior intentional, or was it simply beyond

the child’s control?

Punishment is negative reinforcement – a response that tends to discourage a particular behavior from being repeated.

Techniques for dealing with inappropriate behavior: Natural consequences Loss of privileges Ignoring Time-out

Dealing with Inappropriate Behavior

Dealing with Inappropriate Behavior

Issues Concerning Discipline Spanking – mixed views

1st, caregivers should never use spanking as a way to vent anger or frustration.

2nd, there are many effective, positive guidance techniques that can be used as alternatives to spanking.

Poor Disciplinary Measures Bribing Making children promise to behave Shouting or yelling Shaming or belittling

Ex. “If this keeps up, you’ll never amount to anything.”

Threatening to withhold love

Issues Concerning Discipline Spanking – mixed views

1st, caregivers should never use spanking as a way to vent anger or frustration.

2nd, there are many effective, positive guidance techniques that can be used as alternatives to spanking.

Poor Disciplinary Measures Bribing Making children promise to behave Shouting or yelling Shaming or belittling

Ex. “If this keeps up, you’ll never amount to anything.”

Threatening to withhold love

ConsistencyConsistency Children lose trust and confidence in a

parent or caregiver who constantly changes limits or fails to enforce limits in a consistent manner.

If a parent or caregiver laughs at a child’s behavior one day and punishes the same behavior the next day, the child will feel confused and insecure.

Children lose trust and confidence in a parent or caregiver who constantly changes limits or fails to enforce limits in a consistent manner.

If a parent or caregiver laughs at a child’s behavior one day and punishes the same behavior the next day, the child will feel confused and insecure.

Question Set # 2Question Set # 2 What is discipline? List three keys to effective discipline. List four guidelines for praising a child’s

good behavior. List three questions parents should ask

themselves as they choose specific limits for children.

Do you think it is possible to raise a child without using any form of punishment? Why or why not?

What is discipline? List three keys to effective discipline. List four guidelines for praising a child’s

good behavior. List three questions parents should ask

themselves as they choose specific limits for children.

Do you think it is possible to raise a child without using any form of punishment? Why or why not?

Providing Substitute CareProviding Substitute Care

With many single parent families and more parents working, there are higher needs for substitute care.

Home-Based Care There are three main types of home-based

care: Care in the child’s own home.

Nanny – a specially trained person employed to provide live-in child care services.

Family child care A child arrangement in which a small number of

children are cared for in the caregivers’ home. Play groups

A child care arrangement in which a group of parents take turns caring for each other’s children in their own homes.

With many single parent families and more parents working, there are higher needs for substitute care.

Home-Based Care There are three main types of home-based

care: Care in the child’s own home.

Nanny – a specially trained person employed to provide live-in child care services.

Family child care A child arrangement in which a small number of

children are cared for in the caregivers’ home. Play groups

A child care arrangement in which a group of parents take turns caring for each other’s children in their own homes.

Providing Substitute CareProviding Substitute Care

Center-Based Care Child care centers

A facility designed primarily to provide care for children of working parents.

Preschools A child care center that provides educational programs,

usually for children aged 3 to 5. Parent cooperatives

A child care facility in which part of the supervision is provided by the parents of enrolled children, who take turns donating their services.

Head start centers In the 1960’s, the federal government began Head Start

– a program of locally operated child care facilities designed to help lover-income and disadvantaged children function effectively at home, in school, and in the community.

Montessori preschools An educational facility for 3 to 6 year olds that provides

special learning materials which children are free to explore on their own.

Center-Based Care Child care centers

A facility designed primarily to provide care for children of working parents.

Preschools A child care center that provides educational programs,

usually for children aged 3 to 5. Parent cooperatives

A child care facility in which part of the supervision is provided by the parents of enrolled children, who take turns donating their services.

Head start centers In the 1960’s, the federal government began Head Start

– a program of locally operated child care facilities designed to help lover-income and disadvantaged children function effectively at home, in school, and in the community.

Montessori preschools An educational facility for 3 to 6 year olds that provides

special learning materials which children are free to explore on their own.

Effects of Substitute CareEffects of Substitute Care

Many specialists advice that a parent should stay home to provide child care as long as possible. But that is not possible for many parents.

Fortunately, long-term studies find that GOOD substitute care has no adverse effect on children’s intellectual and emotional development.

Many specialists advice that a parent should stay home to provide child care as long as possible. But that is not possible for many parents.

Fortunately, long-term studies find that GOOD substitute care has no adverse effect on children’s intellectual and emotional development.

Question Set # 3Question Set # 3 What is a nanny? How is family child care different from

a play group? How are they similar? List one advantage and one

disadvantage of a parent cooperative? When was Head Start created and

why? What type of learning does a

Montessori School provide?

What is a nanny? How is family child care different from

a play group? How are they similar? List one advantage and one

disadvantage of a parent cooperative? When was Head Start created and

why? What type of learning does a

Montessori School provide?