ecogov: 2.1 our political beginnings

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AMERICAN GOVERNMENTMR. HOOD07 OCTOBER 2013

2.1 OUR POLITICAL BEGINNINGS

AMERICAN GOVERNMENTMR. HOOD`S NOTES07 OCTOBER 2013

WHY IT MATTERS NOW?

OUR SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT HAS ITS ORIGINS IN THE CONCEPTS AND POLITICAL IDEAS THAT COLONISTS BROUGHT WITH THEM WHEN THEY SETTLED NORTH AMERICA. THE COLONIES SERVED AS A SCHOOL FOR LEARNING ABOUT GOVERNMENT.

AFTER THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE OF

1776

US SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT DIDN`T JUST

SPRING INTO ACTION

NOR WAS IT CREATED BY THE FRAMERS OF THE

CONSTITUTION IN 1787

IT HAPPENED IN THE MID SIXTEENTH

CENTURY

EXPLORERS, SETTLERS, TRADERS MADE THEIR WAY TO NORTH

AMERICA

LED TO EUROPEAN DOMINATION OF

CONTINENT

ENGLISH CAME IN LARGEST

NUMBERS

ENGLISH CONTROLLED ORIGINAL 13

COLONIES

OBJECTIVE 1IDENTIFY THE THREE BASIC

CONCEPTS OF GOVERNMENT THAT INFLUENCED

GOVERNMENT IN THE ENGLISH COLONIES.

EARLIEST SETTLERS BROUGHT GOVERNMENT

WITH THEM

LAWS, CUSTOMS, PRACTICES,

INSTITUTIONS

SHAPED GOVERNMENT IN THE

UNITED STATES

1 – ORDERED GOVERNMENT

LOCAL ORDERLY REGULATION

2 – LIMITED GOVERNMENT

NOT ALL-POWERFUL, RESTRICTED

3 – REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT

SERVE THE WILL OF PEOPLE

OBJECTIVE 2EXPLAIN THE SIGNIFICANCE

OF THE FOLLOWING LANDMARK DOCUMENTS:

THE MAGNA CARTA, THE PETITION OF RIGHT,

THE ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS.

THESE NOTIONS TRACED BACK TO ENGLISH LANDMARK

DOCUMENTS

THE MAGNA CARTA 1215

MONARCHY WAS NOT ABSOLUTE RULE

THE PETITION OF RIGHT 1628

CHALLENGED IDEA OF DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS

ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS 1688

PREVENT ABUSE OF POWER BY MONARCHS

OBJECTIVE 3DESCRIBE THE THREE TYPES

OF COLONIES THAT THE ENGLISH ESTABLISHED IN

NORTH AMERICA.

ENGLAND`S COLONIES DESCRIBED AS

“13 SCHOOLS OF GOVERNMENT”

AMERICANS FIRST BEGAN LEARNING ABOUT

GOVERNMENT

13 COLONIES ESTABLISHED SEPERATELY OVER SPAN OF

125 YEARS

1ST COLONY 1607: VIRGINIA

13TH COLONY 1733: GEORGIA

EACH BORN OUT OF DIFFERENT SET OF

CIRCUMSTANCES

SO EACH HAD ITS

OWN CHARACTER

VIRGINIA: ORGINALLY ORGANIZED AS COMMERCIAL

VENTURE

COLONISTS WERE EMPLOYEES OF THE VIRGINIA COMPANY

MASSACHUSETTS: PEOPLE LOOKING FOR GREATER PERSONAL + RELIGIOUS

FREEDOM

GEORGIA: FOUNDED AS A HAVEN FOR DEBTORS, VICTIMS OF ENGLAND`S

HARSH LAWS

BUT ALL OF THEM SHAPED BY THEIR ENGLISH

ORIGINS

EACH COLONY ESTABLISHED ON BASIS

OF A CHARTER

CHARTER: WRITTEN AUTHORITY

OF THE KING

THIS LED TO 3 DIFFERENT

KINDS OF COLONY

1 – ROYAL COLONIES

DIRECT CONTROL OF THE CROWN

EIGHT ROYAL COLONIES

NEW HAMPSHIRE, MASSACHUSETTS, NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY, VIRGINIA, NORTH CAROLINA, SOUTH CAROLINA, AND GEORGIA

KING NAMED GOVERNOR, SERVED AS

CHIEF EXECUTIVE

A COUNCIL SERVED AS ADVISORY BODY TO ROYAL

GOVERNOR

BICAMERAL: LEGISLATIVE BODY WITH

2 CHAMBERS

GOVERNORS RULED WITH A STERN HAND, FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS FROM

ENGLAND

2 – PROPRIETARY COLONIES

ORGANIZED BY PERSON WHOM THE KING HAD MADE A GRANT OF

LAND

THREE PROPRIETARY COLONIES

MARLYAND, PENNSYLVANIA, AND DELAWARE

GOVERNOR WAS ELECTED BY

PROPRIETOR

PENNYSYVANIA WAS UNICAMERAL: LEGISLATIVE BODY

WITH 1 CHAMBER

3 – CHARTER COLONIES

LARGELY SELF-GOVERNING

TWO CHARTER COLONIES

CONNECTICUT + RHODE ISLAND

GOVERNORS ELECTED BY WHITE, MALE, PROPERTY OWNERS

MANY SAY THAT IF ALL HAD BEEN CHARTER

COLONIES…

…THE REVOLUTION MIGHT NEVER HAVE

HAPPENED