design exploration
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Design Exploration
Christopher A. MattsonDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringBrigham Young University
MeEn 579 – Global Product DevelopmentMeEn 576 – Product DesignMeEn 497 – Innovation & Entrepreneurship (interdisc) MeEn 476 – Product and Process Development 2MeEn 475 – Product and Process Development 1MeEn 373 – Engineering ComputingMeEn 372 – Machine Design
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses. Optimization in Early Design
Design Exploration
Part 1 Design SpacePart 2 Problem FormulationPart 3 Pareto Traversing
Design SpacePART 1
Mattson and Sorensen, Fundamentals of Product Development, 2013.
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
Desirable & Transferable
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
What’s happening in the design space?
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
What’s happening in the design space?
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
What’s happening in the design space?
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
What’s happening in the design space?
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
What’s happening in the design space?
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
Concept SetQuantityVarietyNoveltyQuality
J.J.Shah, S.M. Smith, and N. Vargas-Hernandez. Metrics for Measuring Ideation Effectiveness. Design Studies, 2003.
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
Quantity in the Concept Set
Low Quantity High Quantity
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
Variety in the Concept Set
Low Variety High Variety
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
Novelty of the Concept Set
Low Novelty High Novelty
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
Problem FormulationPART 2
multidisciplinarymonodisciplinaryinterdisciplinary
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
Multiple Objectives
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
Interconnected Objectives
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
Concept SetQuantityVarietyNoveltyQuality
J.J.Shah, S.M. Smith, and N. Vargas-Hernandez. Metrics for Measuring Ideation Effectiveness. Design Studies, 2003.
subject to
Generic Formulation
1. Formulate an aggregate objective function that captures preference• Weighted Sum (WS) method• Compromise Programming (CP)• Goal Programming (GP)• Physical Programming (PP)
2. Converge on a single Pareto solution
Strategy 1
Strategy 2
1. Diverge: Obtain many Pareto solutions• WS, CP, PP methods• e-inequality Constraint method• Normal Boundary Intersection• Normal Constraint method
2. Converge: Choose the most attractive solution
NC Method Steps
1. Obtain anchor points2. Construct Utopia Line (blue)3. Generate points on utopia line4. Construct Normal Line (orange)
through point on utopia line5. Reduce feasible space6. Minimize m2
7. Repeat Steps 4-6 for all points on utopia line
Messac, Ismail-Yahaya, and Mattson, The Normalized Normal Constraint Method… Structural and Multidisciplinary Opt., 2003.
Curtis, Hancock, and Mattson, Design Space Exploration with a Dynamic Opt. Formulation, Research in Eng. Design, 2013
Image Source: hitachipowertools.com
Concept 2 Concept 3 Concept 5Concept 1 Concept 4
= Impact mechanism= Bevel gears= Trigger= Motor= Counter weight= Spur gears
IGTMWS
• Location: Impact, motor• Type: Motor, gear set• Size: Shafts, gear set
• Center of Mass• Total Weight• Total Cost• Torque supplied to impact • Speed supplied to impact • Maximum Stress
Model Inputs
Model Outputs
• Location: Impact, motor• Type: Motor, gear set• Size: Shafts, gear set
• Center of Mass• Total Weight• Total Cost• Torque supplied to impact • Speed supplied to impact • Maximum Stress
Model Inputs
Model Outputs
• Location: Impact, motor• Type: Motor, gear set• Size: Shafts, gear set
• Center of Mass• Total Weight• Total Cost• Torque supplied to impact • Speed supplied to impact • Maximum Stress
Model Inputs
Model Outputs
• Location: Impact, motor• Type: Motor, gear set• Size: Shafts, gear set
• Center of Mass• Total Weight• Total Cost• Torque supplied to impact • Speed supplied to impact • Maximum Stress
Model Inputs
Model Outputs
• Location: Impact, motor• Type: Motor, gear set• Size: Shafts, gear set
• Center of Mass• Total Weight• Total Cost• Torque supplied to impact • Speed supplied to impact • Maximum Stress
Model Inputs
Model Outputs
subject to subject to
where
subject to
where
Novelty Preferred Variety Quality
Curtis, Mattson, Lewis, and Hancock, Divergent Exploration in Design … Structural and Multidisciplinary Opt., 2013.
Novelty
where
Novelty
where
Novelty
where
Preferred Variety
Quality
where
is the aggregate objective function value
Novelty
Preferred VarietyQuality
Curtis, Mattson, Lewis, and Hancock, Divergent Exploration in Design … Structural and Multidisciplinary Opt., 2013.
Pareto TraversingACT 3
Micro Finance
Pareto Traversing
Pareto Traversing
Micro Finance
Pareto Traversing
Self Finance
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses. Grower Pump
Low cost More affordable than competition More flow rate than competition Simple off-the-shelf parts Reconfigurable
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses. World Cart
Low cost Low packing volume Platform design cut from 1 sheet No metal (except axle, hub hardware) No glue Failed at ¾ ton load
Pareto Traversing
A few future directions
Clever Design
Monetizable Need
Face-to-Face Discussion
Observational Studies
Experiential Studies
Map Drawing
Cultural Familiarity
Location Familiarity
Language Proficiency
Existing Relationships
Methods
Attributes
$2.86 trillion (58%): food
$433 billion (9%): energy
$332 billion (7%): housing
$179 billion (4%): trans.
$158 billion (3%): health
$51 billion (1%) ICT
The Next 4 Billion – 2007 – International Finance Corporation – World Bank
6 billion mobile phone subscriptions worldwide
Developing countries: 29% to 77% from 2000 to 2010
Non-voice services have also dramatically increased
Smart phones will cost the same as non-smart phones by 2018
Mobile Phone Access Reaches Three Quarters of Planet’s Population – 2012 – World Bank
Design Exploration
PAIN: Museums need data about customer habits because most of their strategic decisions
are based on hypotheses.
Novelty
Preferred VarietyQuality
Curtis, Mattson, Lewis, and Hancock, Divergent Exploration in Design … Structural and Multidisciplinary Opt., 2013.
Design Exploration:The divergent/convergent process of discovering, expanding, evolving, and navigating the design space – often in a computationally assisted way – in order to arrive at an optimal design.
design.byu.edu
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