cultural intelligence (cq) assessment · cultural intelligence (cq) assessment ... speech acts ......

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved.

CulturalIntelligence(CQ)Assessment

ThomasRockstuhl,SoonAng,KokYeeNg

NanyangTechnologicalUniversity,Singapore

FilipLievens

GhentUniversity,Belgium

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved.

TWOTALESFROMTHEGLOBALIZEDWORLD…

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved.

THEGOVERNMENTCOOPERATIONTHATNEARLYWASN’T

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved.

OBAMADRAWSFIREFORBOWTOJAPANESEEMPEROR

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 5

WHYCQ?

90percent ofleadingexecu=vesfrom68countriesnamedinterculturalleadershipasatopmanagementchallenge

-David Livermore (2010)-

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 6

PRESENTATIONOUTLINE

 WhatisCulturalIntelligence(CQ)?

  CQAssessmentReport‐basedMeasures

  CQAssessmentPerformance‐basedMeasure

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved.

DOESCQ=EQ?

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved.

AQUICKTHOUGHTEXPERIMENT

Ques@on:

Whatquali=esdoesapersonneedtohavetobeeffec=veinculturallydiversesitua=ons?

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved.

Qualitiesofculturallyeffectivepeople

  Open‐minded  Thickskin  Goodactors  Culturalempathy  Non‐judgmental  Takingperspec=ves  Adaptable  Sensi=ve  Notfussy  Curious  Friendly  Goodnego=ator  Technicalskills  Organiza=onalskills  Senseforpoli=cs  Flexibility

  Notafraidoffailure  Learningfrommistakes  Humble  Mindful  LearningaVtude  Goodlanguageskills  Goodcommunicator  Pa=ence  Outgoing  Goodpeopleskills  Professional  Emo=onalmaturity  Stresstolerance  Crea=vity  Senseofhumor  Perseverance

  Tolerance  Respect  Self‐control  Ini=a=ve  Self‐confidence  Knowledgeorienta=on  Observa=onalskills  Risktaking  Makingsenseofnewexperiences  Ac=on‐orienta=on  Self‐monitoring  Conflictresolu=on  Mo=va=ontoworkoverseas  Nonverbalsensi=vity  Interestinculture  Compromisinginsteadofdomineering

…andmore?

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved.

IndividualAdaptabilitytomeetdemandsofenvironmenteffec@vely

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Ageneralconsensusbyintelligenceexperts:

1921Symposium(14)1986Symposium(24)

Source:Sternberg,R.J.,&Deaerman,D.K.(Eds.)(1986).Whatisintelligence?:Contemporaryviewpointsonitsnatureanddefini=on.Norwood,NJ:Ablex.

WHATISINTELLIGENCE?

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 11

•  Biological–brainaskeyorgan•  Metacogni=ve–knowledge&controlofcogni=on•  Cogni=ve–knowledge&knowledgestructures•  Mo=va=onal–magnitude&direc=onofenergy•  Behavioral–behaviorsandac=ons

DIFFERENTLOCIOFINTELLIGENCE(Sternberg&Deaerman,1986)

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 12

WHATISCULTURALINTELLIGENCE?

Thecapabilityofanindividual,group,organiza@ontofunc@oneffec@velyinsitua@onscharacterizedbyculturaldiversity.

‐Earley&Ang(2003)CulturalIntelligenceStanfordUniversityPress

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 13

FOURFACTORSOFCQ

Drive

Strategy

Ac@on

Knowledge

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 14

CQDRIVEDIMENSIONS

  IntrinsicMo@va@on  Derivingenjoymentfromculturallydiverse

experiences

  ExtrinsicMo@va@on  Gainingbenefitsfromculturallydiverse

experiences

  Self‐Efficacy  Havingtheconfidencetobeeffec=veincross‐

culturalsitua=ons

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 15

CQKNOWLEDGEDIMENSIONS

  Business  Economic,poli=cal,legalsystems

  Interpersonal  Values,religions,marriagesystems,

kinship,genderroles

  Socio‐linguis@cs  Rulesoflanguage,artsandcrags

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 16

CQSTRATEGYDIMENSIONS

  Planning  An=cipa=nghowtoapproachthepeople,topic,

andsitua=onbeforeinterculturalencounters

  Awareness  Beingintunewithwhat’sgoingoninselfand

othersduringinterculturalinterac=ons

  Checking  Monitoringappropriatenessofplansand

expecta=onsduringinterculturalencounters

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 17

CQACTIONDIMENSIONS

  SpeechActs  Useofappropriatewords

  VerbalBehavior  Voicecharacteris=cs  Silence

  Non‐VerbalBehavior  Gesturesandbodymovements

  Facialexpressions  Proxemics

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 18

PRESENTATIONOUTLINE

 WhatisCulturalIntelligence(CQ)?

  CQAssessmentReport‐basedMeasures

  CQAssessmentPerformance‐basedMeasure

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 19

DEVELOPINGAREPORT­BASEDCQASSESSMENT

  ScaleDevelopment&Cross‐valida@on  Mul=plesamples(N=1360)inSingapore&US  Reliability  Factorstructuregeneralizesacrosssamples,=me,andcountries

  Predic@vevalidity  Mul=plesamples(N=794)inSingapore&US  Field&educa=onaldevelopmentseVngs  Addi=onalsupportforconvergent&discriminantvalidityofCQscale  Predictsculturaljudgment&decisionmaking,culturaladapta=on,andtask

performanceagercontrollingfordemographics,IQ,EQ,andpersonality

(Angetal.,2007)

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 20

PREDICTIVEVALIDITYOFREPORT­BASEDASSESSMENT

  Expatriatejobperformance(e.g.,Angetal.,2007;Chenetal.,2010)

  GlobalLeadership(Elenkov&Manev,2009;Rockstuhletal.,2009)

  Interculturalnego@a@oneffec@veness(Imai&Gelfand,2010)

  Culturaladapta@on(e.g.,Angetal.,2007;Templeretal.,2006)

  Mul@culturalteamfunc@oning(Flaherty,2008;Rockstuhl&Ng,2008)

  Socialnetworks(e.g.,Chua&Morris,2009;Fehr&Kuo,2008)

…Over&aboveDemographics,IQ,EQ,Personality

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 21

EXISTINGREPORT­BASEDMEASURES

SelfObserver

mini‐CQS

CQS

Mul@sourceCQFeedback

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved.

REACHANDRANGEOFCQ

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved.

HOWHASCQBEENUSED?

 Business

 GovernmentandNotforProfit

 Execu@veProgramsinBusinessSchools

 UniversityPrograms

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 24

PRESENTATIONOUTLINE

 WhatisCulturalIntelligence(CQ)?

  CQAssessmentReport‐basedMeasures

  CQAssessmentPerformance‐basedMeasure

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 25

DEVELOPINGAPERFORMANCE­BASEDCQASSESSMENT

  Mul@media‐vigneeesdisplayinginterculturalinterac@ons

  Mul@media‐vigneeescover:  Widerangeofworkplace&socialinterac=ons  Allimportantculturalvaluedimensions  11Na=onali=esfromallmajorcon=nents

  Assesseerespondstomul@media‐vigneeesusingopen‐endedques@ons

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 26

PREDICTIVEVALIDITYOFPERFORMANCE­BASEDCQASSESSMENT

  Sample:133workingadultsfrom21countriesworkinginmul=culturalconsul=ngprojectteams

…Over&aboveDemographics,IQ,EQ,Personality

CQself‐reported

CQperformance‐based

InterculturalLeadershipEmergence

.17*

.18*

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© 2010 Thomas Rockstuhl, Center for Leadership & Cultural Intelligence, NTU. Not for reproduction without permission. All rights reserved. 27

RESOURCES  hap://culturalq.com/

  Earley,P.C.,&Ang,S.(2003).CulturalIntelligence.IndividualInterac1onsAcrossCultures.PaloAlto,CA:StanfordUniversityPress.

  Ang,S.,VanDyne,L.,Koh,C.K.S.,Ng,K.Y.,Templer,K.J.,Tay,C.,&Chandrasekar,N.A.(2007).Culturalintelligence:Itsmeasurementandeffectsonculturaljudgmentanddecisionmaking,culturaladapta=on,andtaskperformance.ManagementandOrganiza1onReview,3,335‐371.

  Ang,S.,&VanDyne,L.(2008).HandbookofCulturalIntelligence:Theory,Measurement&Applica1ons.Armonk,NY:M.E.SharpeInc.

  Livermore,D.(2010).LeadingwithCulturalIntelligence:TheNewSecrettoSuccess.NewYork:AMACOM.