copenhagen 2

CopenhagenNicholas DiGirolamo, Erin Robartes, Matthew MacMurray, Zachary Duell, Reed Feery

Copenhagen Transit System

Metro• Two lines

– M1 runs from Vanløse Station to Copenhagen Airoport on East Amager

– M2 runs from Vanløse Station to Ørestad on West Amager

– Both lines take you through the heart of the city

– Driverless and fully automatic, with metro stewards on train

– All trains equipped with CCTV (surveillance cameras)

– Arrive at 4-6 minute intervals during day and evening and 15-20 minute intervals during the night 24/7

– “Cityringen” City Ring Plan

Busses• Movia – main public Copenhagen bus service

• Operate all hours of day, with night buses operating from 1-5 a.m. with less frequent stops

• Do not stop at every stop, only stop if people waiting at bus stop or passenger presses stop button

• CityBus – inner city sightseeing bus, gets you around the city center and stops at city’s top attractions with frequent intervals, busses completely electric

• Harbour buses – runs in Copenhagen Harbour area, takes you sightseeing for price of an ordinary bus ticket, cheap alternative to canal tours

Copenhagen Central Station

• Located in heart of the city, serves as gateway to all public transportation in and out and around Copenhagen

• Buses, taxis, local S-trains, regional trains (to airport and other areas of Denmark, Sweden, & most of Europe)

Nørreport

• Hub in central Copenhagen that connects regional trains, S-trains, busses, and the metro

• Busiest hub in all of Denmark• Currently under renovation,

which will result in three big, open areas, lit roofs and ventilation towers with integrated lighting

Tickets• Tickets can be bought for individual trips

on each mode of public transportation• Bought either from ticket sales area

before boarding (all modes), or from driver (buses)

• Greater Copenhagen area divided into 95 zones

• Pay for the number of zones you pass through

• Zones have varying prices (9 zone rings, each color determines fare)

• Zone system applies to all buses, trains and metro

24-hour ticket

• Allows travel for 24 hours unlimited by bus, train, metro and harbour bus in all zones

• Adult ticket costs DKK 130 (Danish krone)– 1 DKK = $ 0.168 US

– Comes to about $ 21.84 US

– One adult can bring along 2 children under 12 free

– Children under 16 can by ticket for DKK 65 ($ 10.92 US)

– Can be bought at airport or any station

– Also sell 48, 72, or 120 hour tickets

24-hour or 72-hour City Pass

• Unlimited access to buses, trains, metro, and harbour buses in zones 1-4

– 24-hour adult ticket costs DKK 80 ($ 13.44 US)

– 24 hour under 16 ticket costs DKK 40 ($ 6.72 US)

– 72-hour adult ticket costs DKK 200 ($ 33.60 US)

– 72-hour under 16 ticket costs DKK 90 ($ 15.12 US)

Other options

• Single trips – lasts 1-2 hours, depending on zone(s)• 10 trip tickets – slowly being phased out of transportation

systems• FlexCard – unlimited access for 7 days in zones you pay for• Copenhagen Card – gives free admission to 75 museums and

sights, unlimited travel, and discounts on attractions in Greater Copenhagen

• Rejsekortet – new travel card for Copenhagen residents, prepaid card

Copenhagen Metro

● Orestad Development

Corporation

● 3 modes originally considered.

● October 1994 - Rapid Transit was

chosen

● June 24th, 1992 - Orestad Act.

Copenhagen Metro● Currently, the system is

owned by Metroselskabet,

which is owned by the

Municipalities of

Copenhagen and

Frederiksberg, and the

Ministry of Transport.

● Construction began in

Nov. 1996

● All Lines of M1 and M2

were operating by October

12, 2003.

● Future - “City Circle Line”

Current

Future

Copenhagen S-Train

Finger Plan ● The Finger Plan 1947, “Regional Plan

Committee”

● Focuses on Developing Metropolitan area

within 600m of S-train stations.

● 4 Zones

● “Green” areas in between developing fingers

to promote recreational areas, agriculture,

etc.

● Basis of development strategy almost 70

years later.

Copenhagen S-Train

● The first line was opened in 1934.

● They serve more than half a million

people a day.

● city's bus terminals are often

adjacent to an S-train or Metro

station.

● As of January 2009 there are 170

km of dual track and 84 S-train

stations.

● The S-train is completely operated

by “DSB” (Danske Statsbaner).

Bicycles

http://www.cycling-embassy.dk/facts-about-cycling-in-

denmark/cycling-history/

● First half of 1900’s,

bicycles dominated

transportation

● 1960’s conflict between

bicycles and automobiles

● People had a vision for the

transportation system and

fought for it → bike

infrastructure

Bicycles● Strong bicycle culture foundation

allows for the development of

innovative infrastructure.

● Under the Technical and

Environmental Administration

Traffic Department: A 2025

bicycle plan

● One unique aspect is a bicycle

superhighway.

● Cycling Embassy of Denmark

promotes and shares knowledge

of cycling

Pedestrianization- Definition: To convert into an area for use of pedestrians only, by excluding

motor vehicles

- Process began in 1962 with Strøget becoming a pedestrian only zone

- Many policies were introduced since then to encourage pedestrianization

- Not only a transportation solution

- Improves public health

- Improves sustainability and energy efficiency

- Improves economic development and increases tourism

- Still continuing today - has been very successful thanks to Jan Gehl

Jan Gehl- "By the 60's American values had begun to catch on — separate isolated homes

and everyone driving. The city was suffering so how could we reverse these

patterns? We decided to make the public realm so attractive it would drag people

back into the streets, whilst making it simultaneously difficult to go there by car."

Jan Gehl, 1992

- Promotes an incremental approach to pedestrianization

- From 1962-1988 the number of parking places in the city center was reduced

by 2-3% per year, providing 100,000 square meters of public space

- Encourages a “walking culture” (Ladywalk 2010, ‘Max The Cat’)

- Similar model used (because of the success of Copenhagen) while working with

Oslo, Barcelona, London, Melbourne, Seattle, NYC, San Francisco, etc..

- Orange represents Pedestrian Main

Priority Shopping Streets

- Characteristics include:

- enlarged sidewalks

- low vehicle speed

- alternate traffic routes for vehicles

- High concentration of cafe’s, shops,

restaurants

- Design of these streets begins by

examining the needs of pedestrians and

cyclists FIRST

● Climate change will increase rainfall and

sea levels causing flooding

● The Technical and Environmental

Administration chose to address this

issue now, by working towards a blue-

green city

● Blue-Green Cities aim to reintroduce

the natural water cycle into the urban

environment, while advocating multi

purpose green space and land use.

Blue-Green City

Cloudburst Management Plan

The Cloudburst Management Plan addresses the

challenge of floodwater in a holistic approach

Before

After

Park PolicyGoal: to make it so everyone can get to a green space

within 15 minutes

Questions?

Works Citedhttp://denmark.dk/en/green-living/bicycle-culture/cycle-super-highway/

http://kk.sites.itera.dk/apps/kk_pub2/pdf/823_Bg65v7UH2t.pdf

http://subsite.kk.dk/sitecore/content/Subsites/CityOfCopenhagen/SubsiteFrontpage/CityCouncil/CityAdministrations/TechnicalAndEnvironmental

Administration.aspx

http://www.cycling-embassy.dk/2012/06/06/cycle-super-highways-to-generate-more-cyclists-in-greater-copenhagen-area/

http://www.copenhagenize.com/2013/09/episode-10-political-will-top-10-design.html

http://denmark.dk/en/green-living/bicycle-culture/how-denmark-become-a-cycling-nation/

http://www.visitcopenhagen.com/copenhagen/transportation/public-transport

http://www.visitcopenhagen.com/copenhagen/service/tickets-and-prices

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_Circle_Line