chemical reaction of hc
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8/9/2019 Chemical Reaction of HC
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Physical properties
Chemical properties of Alkanes
Chemical properties of Alkenes and Alkynes
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8/9/2019 Chemical Reaction of HC
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Physical properties
Table of physical properties of Alkanes
Molecular
Formulas
Mr Molecular Structure Bp C Phase(T=25)
CH4
16 CH4 - 162 Gas
C2H6 30 CH3-CH3 -89 Gas
C3H8
44 CH3-CH2-CH3 -42 Gas
C4H10
58 CH3
-CH2
-CH2
-CH3
-0,5 Gas
C5H12
72 CH3-CH2-CH2- CH2 -CH3 36 Liquid
CONCLUSION : Mr >>, Bp >>
Mr
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8/9/2019 Chemical Reaction of HC
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Graphic of boiling point ofGraphic of boiling point of AlkanesAlkanes
CONCLUSION : boiling point of linear chain is bigger than
boiling point of branch chain with similar molecular formula
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Table of Physical properties of Alkenes
Molecular
Formula
Mr Bpc Phase(T=25c)
C2H4
28 -104 Gas
C3H6
42-4 Gas
C4H8
56 -6,2 Gas
C5H10
7030 Liquid
CONCLUSION : Mr >>, Bp >>
Mr
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8/9/2019 Chemical Reaction of HC
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Molecular
Formulas
Mr Bp
c
Phase
(T=25c)
C2H2
26 -104 Gas
C3H4 40 -48 Gas
C4H6
54 -6,2
-6,9
Gas
C5
H8
68 30 Liquid
CONCLUSION : Mr >>, Bp >>
Mr
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1. If relative molecular mass of HC is bigger or the chain
is longer, its boiling point is bigger
2.HC with linear chain has bigger boiling point than
branched one (same molecular formula)
3.Phase of HC with lower boiling point are gas (C1 C4)4.Phase of HC (C5 C18) are liquid
5.Phase of HC ( > C18) are solid
HC arent soluble in water or other polar
solvents but soluble in non polar solvents
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CHEMICAL REACTIONOFHC
Oxidation
SubstitutionSubstitution
AdditionAddition
EliminationElimination
PolimerizationPolimerization
AlkanesAlkanesAlkenesAlkenesAlkynesAlkynes
AlkanesAlkanes
AlkenesAlkenesAlkynesAlkynes
AlkanesAlkanes
AlkenesAlkenesAlkynesAlkynes
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8/9/2019 Chemical Reaction of HC
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Im
perfect oxidation
CH3 - CH3 + 3/2 O2 2C + 3H2O
2CH3 - CH3 + 3 O2 4C + 6H2O
CH3 - CH3 + 5/2 O2 2CO + 3H2O2CH3 - CH3 + 5 O2 4CO + 6H2O
Perfect oxidationPerfect oxidation
CHCH33 -- CHCH33 ++ 7/27/2 OO22 2CO2CO22 + 3H+ 3H22OO2CH2CH33 -- CHCH33 ++ 77OO22 4CO4CO22 + 6H+ 6H22OO
What is the mole
of oxygen that
required to
oxidize butane
CHEMICAL REACTION OF ALKANES
1. OXIDATION REACTION/ COMBUTION REACTION
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8/9/2019 Chemical Reaction of HC
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CCnnHH2n+22n+2 + X+ X22 ,,hvhv CCnnHH2n+12n+1XX + HX+ HX
CHCH33--CHCH33 + Cl+ Cl22 ,,hvhv CHCH33--CHCH22ClCl ++ HClHClEthane ChlorineEthane Chlorine ChloroethaneChloroethane Hydrochloric acidHydrochloric acid
CHCH33--CHCH33 + Br+ Br22 ,,hvhv CHCH33--CHCH22BrBr ++ HBrHBrEthane BromineEthane Bromine BromoethanaeBromoethanae HydrobromicHydrobromic acidacid
2. SUBSTITUTION REACTION (HALOGENATION)
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8/9/2019 Chemical Reaction of HC
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3. ELIMINATION REACTION
CH3 - CH2 - CH CH3 KOH CH3 - CH = CH CH3 + HBr
Br
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8/9/2019 Chemical Reaction of HC
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Imperfect combution
CH2 = CH2 + 2 O2 2C + 2H2O
CH2 = CH2 + 3 O2 2CO + 2H2O
CH CH + 1/2 O2 2C + H2O2CH CH + O2 4C + 2H2O
CH CH + 3/2 O2 2CO + H2O2CH CH + 3O2 4CO + 2H2O
CHEMICAL REACTION OF ALKENES AND ALKYNES
1. OXIDATION REACTION/ COMBUTION REACTION
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8/9/2019 Chemical Reaction of HC
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CHCH22=CH=CH--CHCH33 + H+ H22 Ni/PtNi/Pt CHCH33--CHCH22--CHCH33
CHCHCH + HCH + H22 Ni/PtNi/Pt CHCH22=CH=CH22
CHCHCHCH + 2H+ 2H22 Ni/PtNi/Pt 200200cc CHCH33--CHCH33
2. ADDITION REACTION
a. Hidrogenation
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8/9/2019 Chemical Reaction of HC
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CH2=CH2 + Br2 CH2Br-CH2Brethene dibromoethane
CHC-CH3 + 2Br2 CHBr2-CBr2-CH3propyne 1,2-tetrabromopropane
b. Halogenation
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8/9/2019 Chemical Reaction of HC
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CH2=CH2 + HCl CH2-CH2Cl
etena kloroetana
CH3-CH=CH-CH3 + HCl CH3-CH2-CHCl-CH3
2-butena 2-klorobutana
CHCH CH + 2HClCH + 2HCl CHCH33 --CHCH22ClCl
etunaetuna kloroetanakloroetana
CHCH33--CC CC--CHCH33 ++ HClHCl CHCH33--CH=CClCH=CCl--CHCH3322--butuna 2butuna 2--klorokloro--22--butenabutena
CH3-C C-CH3 + 2HCl CH3-CH2-CCl2-CH3
2-butuna 2-klorobutana
c.Addition using Halide acid
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8/9/2019 Chemical Reaction of HC
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CHCH33--CH= CHCH= CH--CHCH22 -- CHCH33 ++ HClHCl CHCH33--CHClCHCl--CHCH22--CHCH22--CHCH33
CHCH33--CH=CHCH=CH22 ++ HClHCl CHCH33--CHClCHCl--CHCH33
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CH2 = CH2 + CH2 = CH2 + CH2 = CH2 + ........... - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 -etena polietena
CHCH22 == CHClCHCl + CH+ CH22 == CHClCHCl + CH+ CH22 == CHClCHCl ++ .................... -- CHCH22 CHClCHCl -- CHCH22 CHClCHCl -- CHCH22 CHClCHCl --kloroetenakloroetena (( vinilkloridavinilklorida)) polivinilkloridapolivinilklorida
monomer + monomer + monomer + monomermonomer + monomer + monomer + monomer ........ polymerpolymer
PolymerizationPolymerization
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8/9/2019 Chemical Reaction of HC
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Solve the reaction below!!!
Addition of HCl in 2-methyl-1-butene
Addition ofAddition of HClHCl in 4in 4--ethylethyl--22--hexsenehexsene
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