band 6 science chapter8
Post on 18-Jan-2016
17 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Support System
Name : Tan Chai Shiuan(29)
Chee Hui Fen(7)
Class :2A2
Band : Band 6
Function Of Support System In Animals
• Support the body
• Give the body shape
• Protects some internal organs
• Allows movement made by muscle attached to it
Support System
Invertabrates
exoskeleton
Hydrostatic skeleton
vertabrates
endoskeleton
Endoskeleton
• Also known as the internal skeleton
• Located inside the body of all vertebrates includes human beings
• Made up of bones or cartilages
Exoskeleton
• Also called theexternal skeleton
• Hard outer skin or shell of invertebrates
• Made of cuticle or calcium carbonate
Hydrostatic skeleton
• Consists of a muscular wall which encloses a body cavity that is filled with fluid
• This body fluid pushes out and exerts pressure in all directions
• This body fluid pressure support and shape to the animal
Support System In Land Vertabrates And Aquatic
Vertabrates
Support System In Humans
• Made up by 206 bones
• Skeleton system serve to : a) support the body weight
b) protect internal organs
c) provide a surface for muscle attachment
d) maintain the form of the body
e) allow body movement
• Several parts in human skeleton : a) Skull
-protect the brain and sensory organ
b) Backbone
-support the upper body
-protects the spinal cord
c) Ribs
-protects the heart and the lung
d) Pectoral gridle
-supports the head and the arms
e) Pelvis gridle
-protects the internal organ and the bladder
f) Limb bones
-allow movement of the hand and legs
Support System In Land Vertabrates
• Aniamls such as the elephants , rhinoceros and horses have strong and large limb gridles to support their body weight and to help them move
• The backbone of some animals such as the camel may bend upwanrds or downwards to proveide stronger support to the muscle s to attached to it
• Deer and antelopes have hollow leg bones that are lighter and stronger than solid bones
• Hollow bones are also important to birds as birds need to have a light body to fly
Support System In Aquatic Vertabrates
• Smaller and lighter endoskeleton than land vertebrates.
• Pectoral and pelvic support that is smaller and lighter.
• Most of body weight is supported by buoyancy of the water.
• The buoyancy of the water allows the size of the aquatic vertebrate animals to be bigger that land vertebrate animals.
Similiarities of Land Vertabrates and Aquatic Vertabrates
• Have endoskeleton
• Have pectoral & pelvic girdles
• Have flexible bones
Difference
Suppport
Structure of bones
Size of limb gridles
Skeleton System Buoyancy in water
Big and Strong
Large
Small and weak
Small
Support System In Land And Aquatic
Exoskleton Of Invertabrates
• Insects such as beetles have exoskeleton made of chitin
• Chitin is a hard and waterproof substance
• Some animals undergo moulting . As the body of the insect grows ,its hard exoskeleton must be changed and replaced by a bigger one
• Snail do not have undergo moulting ,they have an exoskeleton that we call shell
Hydrostatic Skeleton Of Invertabrates
• Animals such as earthworms ,leeches and starfish do not have a single bone in their bodies
• Instead they support themselves by pressure from the inside
• The body fluid presses against the skin or muscle like air in a tyre ,this create a hydrostatic skeleton
Muscle
Intestine
Fluid
Similiarities Of Land Invertabrates And Aquatic Invertabrates
• Both are supported by either
exoskeleton or hydrostatic skeleton
Difference
Land Invertabrates
Aquatic Invertabrates
Support
Substance making up exoskeleto
n
Soft bodies with external shells
Chitin
Buoyancy in water
Calcium carbonate
top related