b32 ppt theory of evolution ch 15

Week Week 3232

Ch. 15.1 pg 392Ch. 15.1 pg 392

All living things have a

common ancestor

How life on earth changed over time

Humans did not evolve from apes..

Humans and apes have a common ancestor!

Women are always cleaning up after men without credit

Out of the trees

Create hunting weapons – knife and spear

Create agricultural tools - rake

Create tools for cities - jackhammer

Create video games

artificial selectionartificial selection

Breeding organisms with specific traits in Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical order to produce offspring with identical traitstraits

evolutionevolution

The gradual accumulation of The gradual accumulation of adaptations over timeadaptations over time

Homer Evolution

documentary

Charles DarwinCharles Darwin Supported ideas on evolution by Supported ideas on evolution by

natural selection using fossils as natural selection using fossils as evidenceevidence

Darwin Awards

biography

biography

natural selectionnatural selection

Survival of the fittestSurvival of the fittest, , organisms with favorable organisms with favorable traits survive, reproduce traits survive, reproduce and pass on variations to and pass on variations to the next generationthe next generation

Peacock Tail Tale

adaptationsadaptations

Any variation that aids an organism’s Any variation that aids an organism’s chances of survival in it’s environment, used chances of survival in it’s environment, used as evidence of evolutionas evidence of evolution

Play this game

quiz

video

mimicrymimicry

A structural adaptation that enables A structural adaptation that enables one species to resemble another one species to resemble another speciesspecies

camouflagecamouflage

An adaptation that enables species to An adaptation that enables species to blend with their surroundingsblend with their surroundings

homologous structurehomologous structure

Structural features with a common Structural features with a common evolutionary origin, ex. forelimbs of evolutionary origin, ex. forelimbs of whale, crocodile and birdwhale, crocodile and bird

analogous structureanalogous structure

Body parts that do not have a common Body parts that do not have a common evolutionary origin but are similar in evolutionary origin but are similar in function, ex. wings of birds and function, ex. wings of birds and butterfliesbutterflies

vestigial vestigial structurestructure

A body structure in A body structure in a present day a present day organism that no organism that no longer serves its longer serves its original purposeoriginal purpose

ex. human ex. human appendix appendix

eyes of blind mole-eyes of blind mole-rats, and rats, and

Hip bones in whaleHip bones in whale

embryologyembryology Studying the stages of growth and development of Studying the stages of growth and development of

both plants and animals, phases suggest evolution both plants and animals, phases suggest evolution from distant common ancestors, ex. embryo tails from distant common ancestors, ex. embryo tails and pharyngeal pouchesand pharyngeal pouches

biochemistrybiochemistry

Compare differences that exist among Compare differences that exist among species’ DNA, ATP and other species’ DNA, ATP and other biochemical’s, more similarities biochemical’s, more similarities suggest being more closely relatedsuggest being more closely related

scientific methodscientific method the process used to the process used to

construct accurate construct accurate predictionspredictions

hypothesishypothesis A A predictionprediction based on observations, how based on observations, how

will changes effect an outcomewill changes effect an outcome

data

observations

independent independent variablevariable

Changes tested by the Changes tested by the scientist, think what am scientist, think what am “I” testing, changing“I” testing, changing

Ex. changing slope of Ex. changing slope of rampramp

dependent dependent variablevariable The outcome of an The outcome of an

experimentexperiment Ex. speed of marbleEx. speed of marble

Quantitative Quantitative datadata

Numeric data – measured Numeric data – measured or countedor counted

Qualitative Qualitative datadata described in terms of quality, using described in terms of quality, using

LANGUAGE LANGUAGE Examples: color, small, smoothExamples: color, small, smooth

resultsresults A summary of the data without A summary of the data without

analysis or judgment, can be analysis or judgment, can be language or graphlanguage or graph

Analyzes the results (outcome) of the Analyzes the results (outcome) of the experiment, experiment,

Supports the explanation with data, Supports the explanation with data, Estimates how accurate the hypothesis Estimates how accurate the hypothesis

was, was, Suggests ways to get better resultsSuggests ways to get better results

conclusionconclusion

resultsresults A summary of the data without analysis A summary of the data without analysis

or judgment, can be language or graphor judgment, can be language or graph

conclusionconclusion Analyzes the results (outcome) of the experiment, Analyzes the results (outcome) of the experiment, Supports the explanation with data, Supports the explanation with data, Estimates how accurate the hypothesis was, Estimates how accurate the hypothesis was, Suggests ways to get better resultsSuggests ways to get better results

And now the quiz…And now the quiz…

You may use your flashcards only!!You may use your flashcards only!!

Ready?Ready?

11

Using your outline notes-Using your outline notes-

Name two types of adaptationsName two types of adaptations

22

2 types of evidence for evolution2 types of evidence for evolution

33

What did Darwin use to shape his ideas What did Darwin use to shape his ideas about evolution?about evolution?

44

Name one of the organisms that Darwin Name one of the organisms that Darwin noticed to have changed over time.noticed to have changed over time.

5 5

Using the lyrics of the song - Using the lyrics of the song - The name of Darwin’s bookThe name of Darwin’s book

66

How life changes over timeHow life changes over time

77

The process by which organisms that better The process by which organisms that better adapted survive and reproduce moreadapted survive and reproduce more

88

How we’ll end up if we are not wiseHow we’ll end up if we are not wise

99

Body parts that do not have a common Body parts that do not have a common evolutionary origin but are similar in evolutionary origin but are similar in function, ex. wings of birds and function, ex. wings of birds and butterfliesbutterflies

10 _____ structure10 _____ structure

A body structure in A body structure in a present day a present day organism that no organism that no longer serves its longer serves its original purposeoriginal purpose

ex. human ex. human appendix appendix

eyes of blind mole-eyes of blind mole-rats, and rats, and

Hip bones in whaleHip bones in whale

An adaptation that enables species to An adaptation that enables species to blend with their surroundingsblend with their surroundings

1111

12 ________ structure12 ________ structure

Structural features showing common Structural features showing common evolutionary origin, ex. forelimbs of evolutionary origin, ex. forelimbs of whale, crocodile and birdwhale, crocodile and bird

1313 Used to compare differences that exist among Used to compare differences that exist among

species’ DNA, ATP and other biochemical’s, species’ DNA, ATP and other biochemical’s, more similarities suggest being more closely more similarities suggest being more closely

relatedrelated

14 _____ selection14 _____ selection Survival of the fittestSurvival of the fittest, ,

organisms with favorable organisms with favorable traits survive, reproduce traits survive, reproduce and pass on variations to and pass on variations to the next generationthe next generation

Peacock Tail Tale

1515

Any variation that aids an organism’s Any variation that aids an organism’s chances of survival in it’s environment, used chances of survival in it’s environment, used as evidence of evolutionas evidence of evolution

Play this game

quiz

video

1616

A structural adaptation that enables A structural adaptation that enables one species to resemble another one species to resemble another speciesspecies

1717 Studying the stages of growth and development of Studying the stages of growth and development of

both plants and animals, phases suggest evolution both plants and animals, phases suggest evolution from distant common ancestors, ex. embryo tails from distant common ancestors, ex. embryo tails and pharyngeal pouchesand pharyngeal pouches

18 ________ selection18 ________ selection

Breeding organisms with specific traits in Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical order to produce offspring with identical traitstraits

The gradual accumulation of The gradual accumulation of adaptations over timeadaptations over time

19

2020

A A predictionprediction based on based on observations, observations, how will how will changes changes effecteffect an outcomean outcome

data

observations

Mahalo!Mahalo!

Please do your homework!!Please do your homework!!

Chapter Review 15Chapter Review 151.1. camouflagecamouflage2.2. natural selectionnatural selection3.3. speciationspeciation4.4. punctuated equilibriumpunctuated equilibrium5.5. c c 6.6. c stabilizingc stabilizing7.7. d adaptive radiation – convergent evolutiond adaptive radiation – convergent evolution8.8. b convergent evolutionb convergent evolution9.9. d populations evolve, individuals don’td populations evolve, individuals don’t 18. C directional selection18. C directional selection 19. A polyploidy19. A polyploidy 20. C physiological adaptation20. C physiological adaptation 21. B divergent evolution21. B divergent evolution 22. A Hawaiian honeycreepers and Galapagos finches22. A Hawaiian honeycreepers and Galapagos finches