3 itu structure and function
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 1July 30, 2006
International Telecommunications Union
Structure and Function:ITU-R Detail
IGARSS 2006
Spectrum Management Seminar
July 30, 2006
Thomas vonDeak
NASA HQ Spectrum Management Office
Thomas.vonDeak@nasa.gov
mailto:Thomas.vonDeak@nasa.govmailto:Thomas.vonDeak@nasa.gov -
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 2July 30, 2006
ITU Sectors
Overview of the ITU ITU-R, ITU-T, ITU-D
Management Structure
ITU-R Structure and Functions
World Radio Conference (WRC) Radio Regulations
Study Groups WRC Conference Preparatory Material
Recommendations, Reports, Handbooks Registration and Coordination
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 3July 30, 2006
http://www.un.org/aboutun/chartlg.html
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 4July 30, 2006
International Telecommunication Union
Based in Geneva, Switzerland History
Began with interconnecting telegraph across internationalborders; Founded in 1865 in Paris as the InternationalTelegraph Union
Involvement in radiocomm: first radio conference 1908impetus from the sinking of the Titanic in the North Atlantic1912
Current denomination ITU in 1934
http://www.itu.int
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 5July 30, 2006
ITU in brief
Module 3
UN specialized agency,concerned with the developmentof telecommunication networks
and services worldwide
139 years old
(founded on 17 May 1865)
189 Member States, 620 SectorMembers, 100 Associates
750 staff / 71 nationalities
Annual budget = $140,000,000
Website: www.itu.int
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 6July 30, 2006
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 7July 30, 2006
Structure of ITU(Decision Making)
Plenipotentiary Conference
Council
World Radiocommunication Conferences/RRC
Radiocommunication Assemblies and Study Groups Telecommunication Standardization Conferences
Development Conferences
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 8July 30, 2006
Plenipotentiary
Conference
Coordination CommitteeSG, DSG, Directors
General
Secretariat
(Secretary General)
(Deputy SG)
ITU Council
Secretary General
Deputy Secretary General
World Telecommunication
Advisory Council
Telecommunication
Development
Sector
(Director)
Radiocommunication
Sector
(Director)
Telecommunication
Standardization
Sector
(Director)
coordination
authority and
responsibility
advisory
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 9July 30, 2006
ITU Structure
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 11July 30, 2006
PLENIPOTENTIARY CONFERENCES
determine budget limits for the next four years
within which Council approves annual budget
fill elective posts, including RRB and Council
next conference: Oct. 30-Nov. 17, 2006 (Istanbul)
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 12July 30, 2006
ITU COUNCIL
46 Members meets annually
5 regions
A Americas (8 seats)
B Western Europe (8 seats) C Eastern Europe (5 seats)
D Africa (13 seats)
E Asia and Australasia (12 seats)
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 13July 30, 2006
ITU COUNCIL
considers broad telecommunication issues to keep
policies and strategies in line with the evolution in
telecommunication
ensures the coordination of the work of the Union
exercises financial control
adopts the annual budget
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 14July 30, 2006
Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R)Mission
To ensure rational, equitable,efficient and economical useof the radio-frequency
spectrumby allradiocommunication services,including those using satelliteorbits, and to carry out
studies and adoptrecommendations onradiocommunication matters.
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 15July 30, 2006
ITU-R mission
(continued)
Mission achieved through (inter alia):
World and Regional Radiocommunication
Conferences
Approval of Recommendations
Technical studies are required which are conducted in Study Groups
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 16July 30, 2006
ITU TELECOMMUNICATION
STANDARDIZATION SECTOR (ITU-T)
Studies technical, operational and tariff questions and adoptsrecommendations with a view to standardizing telecommunications on aworldwide basis
Study Group Activities include but are not limited to:
Service Definition, Numbering and Routing
Networks: (Telecommunication Management, Integrated BroadbandCable and Television,
Intelligent, Optical Transport
Quality of Service and Performance
IP related matters
Global Information Infrastructure and Satellite matters
Multimedia Services
Systems and Terminals
E-business and E-commerce Communication System Security
IMT 2000 and Beyond and for Mobility
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 17July 30, 2006
ITU-D
Development Sector
Newest of the ITU Sectors
Facilitate connectivity and access, foster policy,
regulatory and network readiness, and expand human
capacity through training programs, formulate
financing strategies and enable enterprises indeveloping countries.
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 18July 30, 2006
ITU-R Structure and Function
World Radiocommunication Conferences
Radiocommunication Assemblies
Study Groups Radio Regulations Board (RRB)
Radiocommunication Advisory Group (RAG)
Bureau (BR) - Director: V. Timofeev, Russia
Space services department
Terrestrial services department Publications
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 19July 30, 2006
Radio Regulations (RR)
The Radio Regulations(treatystatus)
incorporates the decisions ofthe World RadiocommunicationConferences, including all
Appendices, Resolutions,Recommendations andITU-R Recommendations
incorporated by reference.
Frequency block allocations to defined radio services (Article 5)
Mandatory or voluntary regulatory procedures (coordination, planmodification, notification, recording) that are adapted to the allocation
structure
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 20July 30, 2006
TRANSMITTING
EARTH STATION RECEIVINGEARTH STATION
INTERFERENCE
TERRESTRIAL
STATION
GSO
SATELLITES
Non-GSOSATELLITES
Interferencefree
operation
RR
Control ofinterference
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 21July 30, 2006
WRC Process
CPM: Conference Preparatory Meeting
Rec: ITU-R Recommendation
RofP: Rules of Procedure
RR: Radio Regulations (treaty status)
WRC
SGs& SC
CPM
RRB: Radio Regulations Board
SGs: Radiocommunication Study Groups
WRC: World Radiocommunication Conference
RRRec
RofPRadiocommunication Bureau
Director RRB
Final
Acts
ITU Member
States (189)Revisions to RR,
Resolutions &
Recommendations
Technical
bases
N i l A i d S Ad i i i
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 22July 30, 2006
Updates the Radio Regulations (Treatystatus)
Spectrum Allocation
Notification procedures
Administrative and operationalprocedures
Adopts Resolutions
Held every 3-4 years
World Radiocommunication Conferences
(WRC)
WRC RR
N ti l A ti d S Ad i i t ti
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 23July 30, 2006
Radiocommunication Assembly
(RA)
Approves ITU-R Recommendations
Adopts a work program for the ITU-R Study
GroupsAdopts work procedures
Held in conjunction
with a WRC
RA
SGs
RR
N ti l A ti d S Ad i i t ti
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 24July 30, 2006
Radio Regulations Board
(RRB)
Approves Rules of Procedures to
facilitate the application of the Radio
Regulations
Considers cases of harmful
interference & appeals against BR
decisions on frequency assignment
12 part-time Members
& 4 meetings/year
RRB
RofPHarmful Interf.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 25July 30, 2006
Radiocommunication Advisory Group (RAG)
Reviews strategies, priorities,operations, finance
Provides guidelines to Study Groups
Provides advice to the Director
Meets once a year
DirectorRAG
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 26July 30, 2006
Radiocommunication Study Groups (ITU-R SGs)
Groups of experts from ITU membership
Draft technical bases for WRCs & RRCs
Draft Recommendations technical characteristics
operational procedures
Compile Handbooks RA
SGs
WRC
CPMRec
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 27July 30, 2006
ITU-R Study Groups
Groups of experts from ITU membership:Draft Recommendations (technical characteristics & operational procedures
Draft technical bases for WRCs and RRCs
Compile Handbooks
SG 1:Spectrum management SG 3:Radiowave propagation
SG 4:Fixed-satellite service
SG 6:Broadcasting service
SG 7:Science services
SG 8:Mobile services
SG 9:Fixed service
- Coordination Committee forVocabulary (CCV)
- Special Committee(regulatory/procedural)
- Regulatory/ProceduralGroup (RPG for RRC-06)
- Conference PreparatoryMeeting (CPM)
+
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 28July 30, 2006
Study Group 1 (Spectrum management)
Principles and techniques for
spectrum management
sharing criteria and methods spectrum monitoring
long-term strategies for spectrum utilization
Inter-service sharing and compatibility
UWB compatibility and spectrum management framework (completed)
Spectrum management methodologies
long-term planning for national SM
economic approaches
Handbooks
Computer aided techniques
for spectrum management
National spectrum management
Scope
Key areasof study
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 29July 30, 2006
EXAMPLE OF A STUDY GROUP
STRUCTURE
WP1A
Spectrum
Engineering
WP1B
Spectrum
Management
Mehtods
WP1C
Spectrum
Monitoring
TG1/8
Ultra-WidebandDevices
TG1/9
Protectionof Passive
ServicesfromUnwanted
Emissionsof ActiveService
SG1
Spectrum
Management
(completed)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 30July 30, 2006
Study Group 3 (Radiowave propagation)
Propagation of radiowaves in ionized and non-ionized media
and the characteristics of radio noise, for the purpose of
improving radiocommunication systems
Global mapping of radiometeorological parameters
rain intensity, water vapour density
refractivity
Prediction procedures
terrestrial broadcasting and mobile services (RRC)
mobile personal communication (IMT-2000, GMPCS) and wirelessaccess systems (RLAN, BWA)
Earth-space paths
interference and coordination
Scope
Key areasof study
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.govModule 3 31July 30, 2006
Study Group 4 (Fixed-satellite service)
Systems and networks for the FSS
and inter-satellite links (in the FSS), including associated
tracking, telemetry and telecommand functions
Sharing between HEO/FSS and GEO/FSS networks
calculation of minimum separation angles analysis of interference from HEO system TT&C transmissions into GSO/FSS
networks
protection of GEO/FSS networks from interference caused by HEO/FSS systems
IP over satellite
WRC-07 issues
e.g. study spectrum requirements and technical provisions for possible global
harmonised broadband FSS systems for Internet applications
Scope
Key areasof study
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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at o a e o aut cs a d Space d st at o
www.nasa.govModule 3 32July 30, 2006
Study Group 6 (Broadcasting service)
Radiocommunication broadcasting (terrestrial and satellite)
of vision, sound, multimedia and data services primarily
intended for delivery to the general public
Digital terrestrial broadcasting
protection criteria for RRC
planning parameters" for digital sound broadcasting at frequencies below30 MHz.
transition from analogue to digital terrestrial broadcasting Digital satellite broadcasting
satellite return channel for interactive BSS
system parameters for BSS between 17.3 and 42.5 GHz (including associated feeder-links)
Studies on advanced broadcasting technologies
large screen digital imagery (LSDI) & interactive multimedia services
objective measurement of perceptual image quality & image scanning formats
Studies for WRC-07
identification of additional spectrum for the broadcasting service in the HF bands
protection of terrestrial broadcasting service from multiple satellite broadcasting systems in the band 620-790 MHz
Scope
Key areasof study
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 33July 30, 2006
Study Group 7 (Science services)
Systems for space operation, space research, Earthexploration and meteorology
Radio astronomy Standard frequency and time signals
Allocations for space science services space operations and space research services
Earth exploration satellite service
Compatibility between science services (active and passive) and other services
(including sharing and protection criteria)
Handbooks
radio astronomy
use of radio spectrum for meteorology (with WMO)
Scope
Key areasof study
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 34July 30, 2006
Handbooks developed by SG 7
Use of Radio Spectrum
for Meteorology
Space Research Communications
Radio Astronomy
Selection and Use of Precise Frequency andTime Systems
EESS (under development)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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p
www.nasa.govModule 3 35July 30, 2006
Study Group 8 (Mobile services)
Systems and networks for the mobile, radiodetermination and
amateur services, including related satellite services
IMT-2000
update radio interface specifications
systems beyond IMT-2000
ITS (Intelligent Transportation Systems)
standards for Vehicle Information and Communication Systems (VICS)
evolution of Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) systems
Software defined radio systems
system standardization & regulatory considerations
WRC-07 issues
aeronautical mobile and mobile-satellite service requirements and sharing studies
radiolocation requirements at 9 GHz
use of digital technology in the MF and HF maritime mobile bands
Scope
Key areasof study
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 36July 30, 2006
Study Group 9 (Fixed services)
Systems and networks of the fixed service
operating via terrestrial stations
Fixed wireless systems providing fixed wireless access
(FWA), including broadband (BWA), using point-to-point
(P-P) or point-to-multipoint (P-MP) distribution systems
High-density applications (HDFS)
High altitude platform stations (HAPS)
High-Frequency (HF) systems
Scope
Key areasof study
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 37July 30, 2006
Study Group Products
ITU-R Recommendations (draft)
HandbooksTechnical bases for WRC and RRC
-e.g., CPM Report (draft)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 38July 30, 2006
Preparation of CPM Report
Agenda of next WRC
The 2nd
CPM
ITU-R Study GroupSG 1 Spectrum management
SG 3 Radiowave propagation
SG 4 Fixed-satellite serviceSG 6 Broadcasting services
SG 7 Science services
SG 8 Mobile, radiodetermination,
amateur & related services
SG 9 Fixed service
SC Special Committee on
regulatory/procedural matters
Contributions from membership
CPM Report to
WRC
The 1stCPM
Draft CPM
Report to WRC
Held directly after a
WRC.
Held some few
months before a
WRC.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 39July 30, 2006
ITU-R Recommendations
Used by spectrum planners and system designers
Some referred to in the Radio Regulations
Over 900 Recommendations in 16 series
The ITU-R Recommendations constitute a set of international technical standards. They are theresult of studies undertaken by Radiocommunication Study Groups on:
the use of a vast range of wireless services, including popular new mobile communicationtechnologies;the management of the radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbits;the efficient use of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services;terrestrial and satellite broadcasting;radiowave propagation;systems and networks for the fixed-satellite service, the fixed and the mobile services;space operation, Earth exploration-satellite, meteorological-satellite and radio astronomyservices.The ITU-R Recommendations are approved by ITU Member States. Their implementation is notmandatory; however, as they are developed by experts from administrations, operators, theindustry and other organizations dealing with radiocommunication matters from all over theworld, they enjoy a high reputation and are implemented worldwide.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 40July 30, 2006
ITU-R Handbooks
Tutorial in nature
Liaison with ITU-D (and ITU-T)
Continuing Handbook programme in ITU-R
Over 30 Handbooks published
ITU-R Handbook is a text which provides a statement of the currentknowledge, the present position of studies, or of good operating ortechnical practice, in certain aspects of radiocommunications, whichshould be addressed to a radio engineer, system planner or operatingofficial who plans, designs or uses radio services or systems, payingparticular attention to the requirements of developing countries. It isself-contained, require no familiarity with other ITU Radiocommunication
texts or procedures, but does not duplicate the scope and content ofpublications readily available outside the ITU.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 41July 30, 2006
CPM Report to WRC-07structure
Mobile, Aeronautical Mobile, Radionavigation and Radiolocation
services
Space Science Services
Fixed-Satellite, Mobile-Satellite and Broadcasting-satellite servicebelow 3GHz
Fixed Services including HAPS and fixed-sat services above 3 GHz
Services in LF, MF and HF bands and Maritime service
Regulatory procedures and associated technical criteria applicable tosatellite networks
Future WRC work programmes and other issues
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ITU R SG Conclusion
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www.nasa.govModule 3 42July 30, 2006
ITU-R SG Conclusion
The Study Groupsrepresent amajor aspect of ITU-R activities
Technical forum for discussionamongst experts
Recommendations and Handbooks
Technical bases for RadioConferences
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Other ITU R Services
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www.nasa.govModule 3 43July 30, 2006
Other ITU-R Services
Coordination and recording procedures for
space systems and earth stations: capture,processing and publication of data and
examination of frequency assignment notices
submitted by administrations for inclusion in
the formal coordination procedures or
recording in the Master International Frequency
Register (MIFR).
Procedures for space related assignment orallotmentplans
Assistance to administrations on all of the
above issues
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 44July 30, 2006
International Filing 101
Process defined in Articles 9 & 11 of the Radio Regulations
Revised at every WRC Three steps
Advance Publication Information (API): Submit information about satellite to ITU Radiocommunication Bureau
(BR)
Administrations have 4 months to make comments
Request for Coordination (CR/C) - TDRS only Submit specific information about satellite to BR BR determines what countries must agree based on RR App 5
Notification Submit specific information about satellite to BR
BR determines regulatory compliance and coordination requirements, ifany, are met
Satellite links recorded in the Master Intl Frequency Register (MIFR) ~Three year process / More if Coordination is required
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 45July 30, 2006
Applies for all satellitenetworks except for those to be
operated in accordance with
a Plan i.e. App. 30, 30A & 30B
ADVANCE PUBLICATION
Art. 9,Section I, Sub-
Sections IA and IB
REQUESTAGREEMENT
Art. 9/9.21
Ap4/II or III
GEO v. GEO
Art. 9/9.7
Res. 33/II
Non-GEO v. Non-GEO,
GEO, TERR
GEO v. Non-GEO,TERR
9.11A (12, 12A, 13, 14)
NOTIFICATION
Art. 11
Res. 33
RECORDING IN MIFR
Applies
only in
certain
bands &
services
GEO only GEO & Non-GEO
Non-GEO
REQUEST COORDINATION Ap4/II
BSS v. TERR
Art. 9.11
Res. 33/I
GEO Non-GEO
ITU Seminar
Flow Diagram for Registration
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 46July 30, 2006
COORDINATION AMONG
SATELLITE NETWORKS Advanced Publication Information (API)
Created with SpaceCap software written by ITU staff http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/software/space/index.html
API date of receipt is beginning of Date of Bringinginto use (DBIU)
If frequencies not brought into use within 7 years, filingcanceled
ITU publishes APIs once information is verified tobe complete
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 47July 30, 2006
SATELLITE NETWORK
REGISTRATION
International Frequency Information Circular(IFIC)
Special Section published on CD-ROM for allITU members (bi-weekly) Opportunity to verify if the intended new satellite
network (or changes to existing ones) wouldcreate unacceptable interference to your network
4 month time limit from date of publication toprovide comments
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www.nasa.govModule 3 48July 30, 2006
SATELLITE NETWORK
REGISTRATION
Coordination Publication Information (CPI)Also created with SpaceCap software
This filing contains detailed informationabout satellite network
Coordination receipt date determinescoordination priority to other satellite
networks Earliest date is 6 months after API date of receipt
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www.nasa.govModule 3 49July 30, 2006
SATELLITE NETWORK
REGISTRATION
Coordination Publication analyzed by ITUstaff Checks data submitted conforms with the
Convention, Table of Frequency Allocations,other provisions of the Radio Regulations
ITU determines the filings requirement tocoordinate with specific existing networks
The Administrations are listed in publishedAppendix S4 document
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 50July 30, 2006
SATELLITE NETWORK
REGISTRATION All Administrations have opportunity to add
their name to the list in which the satellitenetwork must coordinate
Negotiations between Administrations takeplace to iron out anticipated difficulties
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 51July 30, 2006
SATELLITE NETWORK
REGISTRATION
Notification of Satellite NetworkAfter successful completion of coordination
procedure
BR examines the complete S4 again forcompleteness
Favorable finding allows network to be
added to the MIFRMaster InternationalFrequency Register Frequencies registered in the MIFR have
obtained international recognition
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 53July 30, 2006
Registering Sensors
Why cant sensors be registered?
Why do we want to register sensors?
Why would someone want to block us from
registering sensors?
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 54July 30, 2006
Filing Sensors Current Situation: Headaches
All submissions to BR (communication links or sensors)
must be provided using official ITU-R software Parameters used to describe a system in the software areexplicitly enumerated in Appendix 4 of the RadioRegulations Parameters apply to communication links only (e.g., necessary
bandwidth of the emission, associated earth station, etc.) Additional ITU-R validation software must sanity check
submission before it is sent to BR Software will report fatal errors if fields are left blank or sensor
parameters force fit into fields do not seem logical for a
communication link Providing a cover letter with the submission explaining why the
validation software provides fatal errors sometimes helps reducesome subsequent paperwork.
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www.nasa.govModule 3 55July 30, 2006
Filing SensorsMore Headaches
Circular letter CR/237 (February 2000)
Developed by science community to provide relevanttechnical parameters regarding sensors during filingprocess, BUT
Even if submitted with sensor filing, the Radio Regulationsdo not instruct the BR to process it in any way, SO
The relevant parameters are never permanently savedanywhere for administrations to be able to reference or use
When a sensor filing is published by the BR Administrations often dont recognize a sensor is a sensor
and may object due to fears of interferenceeven from
passive sensors! If Sensors is recorded in MIFR...
All information from CR/237 is discarded by the BR becausetheir is no purpose for it recognized in the Radio Regulations
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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www.nasa.govModule 3 56July 30, 2006
Steps in the Right Direction
BR Circular CR/256 (May 2006)
BR has implemented 4 new station classes to identify active &passive sensors on GSO and non-GSO satellites separately fromcommunication links on SRS/EESS spacecraft
However, this only gives Administrations and the BR a heads upas to why the filed parameters may seem to be nonsense; the BR isunable to publish or record the parameters unique to sensors
without instruction to do so in the Radio Regulations Proposals to WRC-07 (Agenda Item 1.12)
Identify active and passive sensors with relevant parameters inAppendix 4 of the Radio Regulations
Proposals in discussion in U.S.; similar common proposal comingfrom European Union
However, some proponents of telecomm systems have expressedconcerns that providing sensors the same ability as telecommsystems to inform the world they exist would erode regulatoryprotections the telecomm systems currently enjoy
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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8/14/2019 3 ITU Structure and Function
57/57
Summary of International Spectrum Management
International Telecommunication Union
Three Sectors: Radiocommunications, Telecommunications,
and Development
Management Structure: Plenipotentiary, Council, Radioadvisory
Group
ITU-R Structure
Study Groups: Recommendations, Handbooks, Reports, and
CPM
Radiocommunication Bureau: Registration and Coordination Radiocommunication Board: Rules of Procedure
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