3 itu structure and function

8/14/2019 3 ITU Structure and Function

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration

www.nasa.govModule 3 1July 30, 2006

International Telecommunications Union

Structure and Function:ITU-R Detail

IGARSS 2006

Spectrum Management Seminar

July 30, 2006

Thomas vonDeak

NASA HQ Spectrum Management Office

[email protected]
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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ITU Sectors

Overview of the ITU ITU-R, ITU-T, ITU-D

Management Structure

ITU-R Structure and Functions

World Radio Conference (WRC) Radio Regulations

Study Groups WRC Conference Preparatory Material

Recommendations, Reports, Handbooks Registration and Coordination


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http://www.un.org/aboutun/chartlg.html


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International Telecommunication Union

Based in Geneva, Switzerland History

Began with interconnecting telegraph across internationalborders; Founded in 1865 in Paris as the InternationalTelegraph Union

Involvement in radiocomm: first radio conference 1908impetus from the sinking of the Titanic in the North Atlantic1912

Current denomination ITU in 1934

http://www.itu.int


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ITU in brief

Module 3

UN specialized agency,concerned with the developmentof telecommunication networks

and services worldwide

139 years old

(founded on 17 May 1865)

189 Member States, 620 SectorMembers, 100 Associates

750 staff / 71 nationalities

Annual budget = $140,000,000

Website: www.itu.int


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Structure of ITU(Decision Making)

Plenipotentiary Conference

Council

World Radiocommunication Conferences/RRC

Radiocommunication Assemblies and Study Groups Telecommunication Standardization Conferences

Development Conferences


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Plenipotentiary

Conference

Coordination CommitteeSG, DSG, Directors

General

Secretariat

(Secretary General)

(Deputy SG)

ITU Council

Secretary General

Deputy Secretary General

World Telecommunication

Advisory Council

Telecommunication

Development

Sector

(Director)

Radiocommunication

Sector

(Director)

Telecommunication

Standardization

Sector

(Director)

coordination

authority and

responsibility

advisory


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ITU Structure


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PLENIPOTENTIARY CONFERENCES

determine budget limits for the next four years

within which Council approves annual budget

fill elective posts, including RRB and Council

next conference: Oct. 30-Nov. 17, 2006 (Istanbul)


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ITU COUNCIL

46 Members meets annually

5 regions

A Americas (8 seats)

B Western Europe (8 seats) C Eastern Europe (5 seats)

D Africa (13 seats)

E Asia and Australasia (12 seats)


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ITU COUNCIL

considers broad telecommunication issues to keep

policies and strategies in line with the evolution in

telecommunication

ensures the coordination of the work of the Union

exercises financial control

adopts the annual budget


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Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R)Mission

To ensure rational, equitable,efficient and economical useof the radio-frequency

spectrumby allradiocommunication services,including those using satelliteorbits, and to carry out

studies and adoptrecommendations onradiocommunication matters.


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ITU-R mission

(continued)

Mission achieved through (inter alia):

World and Regional Radiocommunication

Conferences

Approval of Recommendations

Technical studies are required which are conducted in Study Groups


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ITU TELECOMMUNICATION

STANDARDIZATION SECTOR (ITU-T)

Studies technical, operational and tariff questions and adoptsrecommendations with a view to standardizing telecommunications on aworldwide basis

Study Group Activities include but are not limited to:

Service Definition, Numbering and Routing

Networks: (Telecommunication Management, Integrated BroadbandCable and Television,

Intelligent, Optical Transport

Quality of Service and Performance

IP related matters

Global Information Infrastructure and Satellite matters

Multimedia Services

Systems and Terminals

E-business and E-commerce Communication System Security

IMT 2000 and Beyond and for Mobility


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ITU-D

Development Sector

Newest of the ITU Sectors

Facilitate connectivity and access, foster policy,

regulatory and network readiness, and expand human

capacity through training programs, formulate

financing strategies and enable enterprises indeveloping countries.


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ITU-R Structure and Function

World Radiocommunication Conferences

Radiocommunication Assemblies

Study Groups Radio Regulations Board (RRB)

Radiocommunication Advisory Group (RAG)

Bureau (BR) - Director: V. Timofeev, Russia

Space services department

Terrestrial services department Publications


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Radio Regulations (RR)

The Radio Regulations(treatystatus)

incorporates the decisions ofthe World RadiocommunicationConferences, including all

Appendices, Resolutions,Recommendations andITU-R Recommendations

incorporated by reference.

Frequency block allocations to defined radio services (Article 5)

Mandatory or voluntary regulatory procedures (coordination, planmodification, notification, recording) that are adapted to the allocation

structure


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TRANSMITTING

EARTH STATION RECEIVINGEARTH STATION

INTERFERENCE

TERRESTRIAL

STATION

GSO

SATELLITES

Non-GSOSATELLITES

Interferencefree

operation

RR

Control ofinterference


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WRC Process

CPM: Conference Preparatory Meeting

Rec: ITU-R Recommendation

RofP: Rules of Procedure

RR: Radio Regulations (treaty status)

WRC

SGs& SC

CPM

RRB: Radio Regulations Board

SGs: Radiocommunication Study Groups

WRC: World Radiocommunication Conference

RRRec

RofPRadiocommunication Bureau

Director RRB

Final

Acts

ITU Member

States (189)Revisions to RR,

Resolutions &

Recommendations

Technical

bases

N i l A i d S Ad i i i


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Updates the Radio Regulations (Treatystatus)

Spectrum Allocation

Notification procedures

Administrative and operationalprocedures

Adopts Resolutions

Held every 3-4 years

World Radiocommunication Conferences

(WRC)

WRC RR

N ti l A ti d S Ad i i t ti


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Radiocommunication Assembly

(RA)

Approves ITU-R Recommendations

Adopts a work program for the ITU-R Study

GroupsAdopts work procedures

Held in conjunction

with a WRC

RA

SGs

RR

N ti l A ti d S Ad i i t ti


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Radio Regulations Board

(RRB)

Approves Rules of Procedures to

facilitate the application of the Radio

Regulations

Considers cases of harmful

interference & appeals against BR

decisions on frequency assignment

12 part-time Members

& 4 meetings/year

RRB

RofPHarmful Interf.



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Radiocommunication Advisory Group (RAG)

Reviews strategies, priorities,operations, finance

Provides guidelines to Study Groups

Provides advice to the Director

Meets once a year

DirectorRAG



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Radiocommunication Study Groups (ITU-R SGs)

Groups of experts from ITU membership

Draft technical bases for WRCs & RRCs

Draft Recommendations technical characteristics

operational procedures

Compile Handbooks RA

SGs

WRC

CPMRec



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ITU-R Study Groups

Groups of experts from ITU membership:Draft Recommendations (technical characteristics & operational procedures

Draft technical bases for WRCs and RRCs

Compile Handbooks

SG 1:Spectrum management SG 3:Radiowave propagation

SG 4:Fixed-satellite service

SG 6:Broadcasting service

SG 7:Science services

SG 8:Mobile services

SG 9:Fixed service

- Coordination Committee forVocabulary (CCV)

- Special Committee(regulatory/procedural)

- Regulatory/ProceduralGroup (RPG for RRC-06)

- Conference PreparatoryMeeting (CPM)

+



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Study Group 1 (Spectrum management)

Principles and techniques for

spectrum management

sharing criteria and methods spectrum monitoring

long-term strategies for spectrum utilization

Inter-service sharing and compatibility

UWB compatibility and spectrum management framework (completed)

Spectrum management methodologies

long-term planning for national SM

economic approaches

Handbooks

Computer aided techniques

for spectrum management

National spectrum management

Scope

Key areasof study



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EXAMPLE OF A STUDY GROUP

STRUCTURE

WP1A

Spectrum

Engineering

WP1B

Spectrum

Management

Mehtods

WP1C

Spectrum

Monitoring

TG1/8

Ultra-WidebandDevices

TG1/9

Protectionof Passive

ServicesfromUnwanted

Emissionsof ActiveService

SG1

Spectrum

Management

(completed)



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Study Group 3 (Radiowave propagation)

Propagation of radiowaves in ionized and non-ionized media

and the characteristics of radio noise, for the purpose of

improving radiocommunication systems

Global mapping of radiometeorological parameters

rain intensity, water vapour density

refractivity

Prediction procedures

terrestrial broadcasting and mobile services (RRC)

mobile personal communication (IMT-2000, GMPCS) and wirelessaccess systems (RLAN, BWA)

Earth-space paths

interference and coordination

Scope

Key areasof study



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Study Group 4 (Fixed-satellite service)

Systems and networks for the FSS

and inter-satellite links (in the FSS), including associated

tracking, telemetry and telecommand functions

Sharing between HEO/FSS and GEO/FSS networks

calculation of minimum separation angles analysis of interference from HEO system TT&C transmissions into GSO/FSS

networks

protection of GEO/FSS networks from interference caused by HEO/FSS systems

IP over satellite

WRC-07 issues

e.g. study spectrum requirements and technical provisions for possible global

harmonised broadband FSS systems for Internet applications

Scope

Key areasof study



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at o a e o aut cs a d Space d st at o


Study Group 6 (Broadcasting service)

Radiocommunication broadcasting (terrestrial and satellite)

of vision, sound, multimedia and data services primarily

intended for delivery to the general public

Digital terrestrial broadcasting

protection criteria for RRC

planning parameters" for digital sound broadcasting at frequencies below30 MHz.

transition from analogue to digital terrestrial broadcasting Digital satellite broadcasting

satellite return channel for interactive BSS

system parameters for BSS between 17.3 and 42.5 GHz (including associated feeder-links)

Studies on advanced broadcasting technologies

large screen digital imagery (LSDI) & interactive multimedia services

objective measurement of perceptual image quality & image scanning formats

Studies for WRC-07

identification of additional spectrum for the broadcasting service in the HF bands

protection of terrestrial broadcasting service from multiple satellite broadcasting systems in the band 620-790 MHz

Scope

Key areasof study



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p


Study Group 7 (Science services)

Systems for space operation, space research, Earthexploration and meteorology

Radio astronomy Standard frequency and time signals

Allocations for space science services space operations and space research services

Earth exploration satellite service

Compatibility between science services (active and passive) and other services

(including sharing and protection criteria)

Handbooks

radio astronomy

use of radio spectrum for meteorology (with WMO)

Scope

Key areasof study



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p


Handbooks developed by SG 7

Use of Radio Spectrum

for Meteorology

Space Research Communications

Radio Astronomy

Selection and Use of Precise Frequency andTime Systems

EESS (under development)



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p


Study Group 8 (Mobile services)

Systems and networks for the mobile, radiodetermination and

amateur services, including related satellite services

IMT-2000

update radio interface specifications

systems beyond IMT-2000

ITS (Intelligent Transportation Systems)

standards for Vehicle Information and Communication Systems (VICS)

evolution of Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) systems

Software defined radio systems

system standardization & regulatory considerations

WRC-07 issues

aeronautical mobile and mobile-satellite service requirements and sharing studies

radiolocation requirements at 9 GHz

use of digital technology in the MF and HF maritime mobile bands

Scope

Key areasof study



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Study Group 9 (Fixed services)

Systems and networks of the fixed service

operating via terrestrial stations

Fixed wireless systems providing fixed wireless access

(FWA), including broadband (BWA), using point-to-point

(P-P) or point-to-multipoint (P-MP) distribution systems

High-density applications (HDFS)

High altitude platform stations (HAPS)

High-Frequency (HF) systems

Scope

Key areasof study



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Study Group Products

ITU-R Recommendations (draft)

HandbooksTechnical bases for WRC and RRC

-e.g., CPM Report (draft)



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Preparation of CPM Report

Agenda of next WRC

The 2nd

CPM

ITU-R Study GroupSG 1 Spectrum management

SG 3 Radiowave propagation

SG 4 Fixed-satellite serviceSG 6 Broadcasting services

SG 7 Science services

SG 8 Mobile, radiodetermination,

amateur & related services

SG 9 Fixed service

SC Special Committee on

regulatory/procedural matters

Contributions from membership

CPM Report to

WRC

The 1stCPM

Draft CPM

Report to WRC

Held directly after a

WRC.

Held some few

months before a

WRC.



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ITU-R Recommendations

Used by spectrum planners and system designers

Some referred to in the Radio Regulations

Over 900 Recommendations in 16 series

The ITU-R Recommendations constitute a set of international technical standards. They are theresult of studies undertaken by Radiocommunication Study Groups on:

the use of a vast range of wireless services, including popular new mobile communicationtechnologies;the management of the radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbits;the efficient use of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services;terrestrial and satellite broadcasting;radiowave propagation;systems and networks for the fixed-satellite service, the fixed and the mobile services;space operation, Earth exploration-satellite, meteorological-satellite and radio astronomyservices.The ITU-R Recommendations are approved by ITU Member States. Their implementation is notmandatory; however, as they are developed by experts from administrations, operators, theindustry and other organizations dealing with radiocommunication matters from all over theworld, they enjoy a high reputation and are implemented worldwide.



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ITU-R Handbooks

Tutorial in nature

Liaison with ITU-D (and ITU-T)

Continuing Handbook programme in ITU-R

Over 30 Handbooks published

ITU-R Handbook is a text which provides a statement of the currentknowledge, the present position of studies, or of good operating ortechnical practice, in certain aspects of radiocommunications, whichshould be addressed to a radio engineer, system planner or operatingofficial who plans, designs or uses radio services or systems, payingparticular attention to the requirements of developing countries. It isself-contained, require no familiarity with other ITU Radiocommunication

texts or procedures, but does not duplicate the scope and content ofpublications readily available outside the ITU.



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CPM Report to WRC-07structure

Mobile, Aeronautical Mobile, Radionavigation and Radiolocation

services

Space Science Services

Fixed-Satellite, Mobile-Satellite and Broadcasting-satellite servicebelow 3GHz

Fixed Services including HAPS and fixed-sat services above 3 GHz

Services in LF, MF and HF bands and Maritime service

Regulatory procedures and associated technical criteria applicable tosatellite networks

Future WRC work programmes and other issues


ITU R SG Conclusion


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ITU-R SG Conclusion

The Study Groupsrepresent amajor aspect of ITU-R activities

Technical forum for discussionamongst experts

Recommendations and Handbooks

Technical bases for RadioConferences


Other ITU R Services


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Other ITU-R Services

Coordination and recording procedures for

space systems and earth stations: capture,processing and publication of data and

examination of frequency assignment notices

submitted by administrations for inclusion in

the formal coordination procedures or

recording in the Master International Frequency

Register (MIFR).

Procedures for space related assignment orallotmentplans

Assistance to administrations on all of the

above issues



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International Filing 101

Process defined in Articles 9 & 11 of the Radio Regulations

Revised at every WRC Three steps

Advance Publication Information (API): Submit information about satellite to ITU Radiocommunication Bureau

(BR)

Administrations have 4 months to make comments

Request for Coordination (CR/C) - TDRS only Submit specific information about satellite to BR BR determines what countries must agree based on RR App 5

Notification Submit specific information about satellite to BR

BR determines regulatory compliance and coordination requirements, ifany, are met

Satellite links recorded in the Master Intl Frequency Register (MIFR) ~Three year process / More if Coordination is required



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Applies for all satellitenetworks except for those to be

operated in accordance with

a Plan i.e. App. 30, 30A & 30B

ADVANCE PUBLICATION

Art. 9,Section I, Sub-

Sections IA and IB

REQUESTAGREEMENT

Art. 9/9.21

Ap4/II or III

GEO v. GEO

Art. 9/9.7

Res. 33/II

Non-GEO v. Non-GEO,

GEO, TERR

GEO v. Non-GEO,TERR

9.11A (12, 12A, 13, 14)

NOTIFICATION

Art. 11

Res. 33

RECORDING IN MIFR

Applies

only in

certain

bands &

services

GEO only GEO & Non-GEO

Non-GEO

REQUEST COORDINATION Ap4/II

BSS v. TERR

Art. 9.11

Res. 33/I

GEO Non-GEO

ITU Seminar

Flow Diagram for Registration



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COORDINATION AMONG

SATELLITE NETWORKS Advanced Publication Information (API)

Created with SpaceCap software written by ITU staff http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/software/space/index.html

API date of receipt is beginning of Date of Bringinginto use (DBIU)

If frequencies not brought into use within 7 years, filingcanceled

ITU publishes APIs once information is verified tobe complete



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SATELLITE NETWORK

REGISTRATION

International Frequency Information Circular(IFIC)

Special Section published on CD-ROM for allITU members (bi-weekly) Opportunity to verify if the intended new satellite

network (or changes to existing ones) wouldcreate unacceptable interference to your network

4 month time limit from date of publication toprovide comments



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SATELLITE NETWORK

REGISTRATION

Coordination Publication Information (CPI)Also created with SpaceCap software

This filing contains detailed informationabout satellite network

Coordination receipt date determinescoordination priority to other satellite

networks Earliest date is 6 months after API date of receipt



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SATELLITE NETWORK

REGISTRATION

Coordination Publication analyzed by ITUstaff Checks data submitted conforms with the

Convention, Table of Frequency Allocations,other provisions of the Radio Regulations

ITU determines the filings requirement tocoordinate with specific existing networks

The Administrations are listed in publishedAppendix S4 document



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SATELLITE NETWORK

REGISTRATION All Administrations have opportunity to add

their name to the list in which the satellitenetwork must coordinate

Negotiations between Administrations takeplace to iron out anticipated difficulties



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SATELLITE NETWORK

REGISTRATION

Notification of Satellite NetworkAfter successful completion of coordination

procedure

BR examines the complete S4 again forcompleteness

Favorable finding allows network to be

added to the MIFRMaster InternationalFrequency Register Frequencies registered in the MIFR have

obtained international recognition


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Registering Sensors

Why cant sensors be registered?

Why do we want to register sensors?

Why would someone want to block us from

registering sensors?



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Filing Sensors Current Situation: Headaches

All submissions to BR (communication links or sensors)

must be provided using official ITU-R software Parameters used to describe a system in the software areexplicitly enumerated in Appendix 4 of the RadioRegulations Parameters apply to communication links only (e.g., necessary

bandwidth of the emission, associated earth station, etc.) Additional ITU-R validation software must sanity check

submission before it is sent to BR Software will report fatal errors if fields are left blank or sensor

parameters force fit into fields do not seem logical for a

communication link Providing a cover letter with the submission explaining why the

validation software provides fatal errors sometimes helps reducesome subsequent paperwork.



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Filing SensorsMore Headaches

Circular letter CR/237 (February 2000)

Developed by science community to provide relevanttechnical parameters regarding sensors during filingprocess, BUT

Even if submitted with sensor filing, the Radio Regulationsdo not instruct the BR to process it in any way, SO

The relevant parameters are never permanently savedanywhere for administrations to be able to reference or use

When a sensor filing is published by the BR Administrations often dont recognize a sensor is a sensor

and may object due to fears of interferenceeven from

passive sensors! If Sensors is recorded in MIFR...

All information from CR/237 is discarded by the BR becausetheir is no purpose for it recognized in the Radio Regulations



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Steps in the Right Direction

BR Circular CR/256 (May 2006)

BR has implemented 4 new station classes to identify active &passive sensors on GSO and non-GSO satellites separately fromcommunication links on SRS/EESS spacecraft

However, this only gives Administrations and the BR a heads upas to why the filed parameters may seem to be nonsense; the BR isunable to publish or record the parameters unique to sensors

without instruction to do so in the Radio Regulations Proposals to WRC-07 (Agenda Item 1.12)

Identify active and passive sensors with relevant parameters inAppendix 4 of the Radio Regulations

Proposals in discussion in U.S.; similar common proposal comingfrom European Union

However, some proponents of telecomm systems have expressedconcerns that providing sensors the same ability as telecommsystems to inform the world they exist would erode regulatoryprotections the telecomm systems currently enjoy



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Summary of International Spectrum Management

International Telecommunication Union

Three Sectors: Radiocommunications, Telecommunications,

and Development

Management Structure: Plenipotentiary, Council, Radioadvisory

Group

ITU-R Structure

Study Groups: Recommendations, Handbooks, Reports, and

CPM

Radiocommunication Bureau: Registration and Coordination Radiocommunication Board: Rules of Procedure

3 itu structure and function

Documents