205787-2 environmental risk assessment for natural resources management natural hazard

205787-2Environmental

Risk Assessment for Natural Resources

ManagementNatural Hazard

Natural Hazard•Earth Quake•Landslide /Slump•Volcanic Eruption•Flooding •Water shortage•Abruptly climatic change : too hot/too cold/forest fire

Earthquake

Seismic

Stationnetwor

k in

Thailand.

Earthquake detector in analog system

Seismic station in

Chiang

Mai

Mercalli scaleMercalli scale

Risk of Earthquake

People injured and die homeless Building collapsed Dam damaged Transportation damaged Gas leakage and explosion Produce Tsunami

EARTHQUAKE DISASTER SETTING

• MYANMAR is a portion of the ALPINE-HIMALAYAN earthquake zone

• MYANMAR experienced some severe and serious earthquakes.

• During last (200)years, MYANMAR has been affected by nearly (40)Major Earthquakes of more than (5) Mercalli scale

MAIN EARTHQUAKE BELTS

*The main Earthquake belts were classified by G.P GORSHKOV(1961)

(a) Westen Yoma (b) Central Basin Belt (c ) Sagaing Belt (d) Shan Boundary Belt (e) Tenasserim Belt

Seismotectonic Features of Myanmar

Occurrence time 21.5.1912, 3 p.mAffected Area Mandalay, Shwebo,

Sagaing, Toung gnu,Pegu(125,000 sq-miles)

Intensity 7 RichterOccurrence time 23.5.1912, 9 a.mAffected Area Mandalay, Maymyo,

Taunggyi, Kyaukse(375000 sq-miles)

Intensity 8 Richter Damage A number of brick

buildings were cracked

The Mandalay Earthquake

Occurrence time 5.5.1930, 8: 18 p.mAffected Area Pegu, Yangon,Kyaukpyu

Magwe, Moemate(220000 sq-mile)

Intensity 7.3 Richter Damage Extensive damage

ShweMaw Daw Pagoda wasdamaged500 in Pegu and 50 peoplesin Yangon were killed, 2000-injuried,6 mil-kyats lost

The Pegu Earthquake

Occurrence time 4.12.1930, 10:20p.mAffected Area Pyu, Yangon,

Nyaunglaybin,Taungnu

Intensity - Damage 36 peoples were killed and

many were injured, manybuildings were destroyed

The Pyu Earthquake

Occurrence time 16.7.56, 9:40 p.mAffected Area Saging, Mnadalay, AvaIntensity 6.5 Richter Damage 30 peoples were killed, many

were injuredExtensive damage tobuildings

The Sagaing Earthquake

Occurrence time 8.7.1975,6.35pmAffected Area Bagan,Pakauku,chaung,

Naung oo,Myatkyina,Pegu,Intensity 8 Richter Damage 80%of ancient pagodas were

damage-collapsed some hu gecracks

The Bagan Earthquake

Date Place Magnitude Dead Damage

24.8.1858 Pyay 8-9(Mercalli)

- Severe damage, Island drowned

23.5.1912 Mandalay 8(Richter) - Severe damage to buildings

19.8.1919 Yangon - - Shwedagon umbrella failed

5.5.1930 Yangon 8(Mercalli) 50 Severe damage, buildingscollapsed

5.5.1930 Pegu 7.3(Richter) 500 Extensive damage. Fire

4.12.1930 Pyu 9 (Richter) 36 Severe damage, buildingscollapsed

Significant regional earthquake of Myanmar

Date Place Magnitude Dead Damage

18.1.1950 Karmai 9Mercalli

- Landslides,Big soil cracks,

23.8.1950 Putao - - After shock of Arthan,Change direction of riverway.

16.7.1956 Sagaing 6.5Richter

30 Extensive damage,all brickBuilding damaged.

9.9.1970 Yangon 6-7Mercalli

- Severe damaged to brickBuildings.Shwedagon damaged.

8.7.1975 Bagan 6.8Richter

15 Extensive damaged toAncient pagodas.

30.9.1978 Dedaye 5.7Richter

3 Severe damaged to buildings

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Date Place Magnitude Dead Damage

18.1.1950 Karmai 9Mercalli

- Landslides,Big soil cracks,

23.8.1950 Putao - - After shock of Arthan,Change direction of riverway.

16.7.1956 Sagaing 6.5Richter

30 Extensive damage,all brickBuilding damaged.

9.9.1970 Yangon 6-7Mercalli

- Severe damaged to brickBuildings.Shwedagon damaged.

8.7.1975 Bagan 6.8Richter

15 Extensive damaged toAncient pagodas.

30.9.1978 Dedaye 5.7Richter

3 Severe damaged to buildings

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Date Place Magnitude Dead Damage

7.8.1988 Khanni 6.2Richter

- Some damaged

1.3.1989 Mandalay 6.0Richter

- Some damaged

5.1.1991 Tagaung 7.1Richter

2 Many damaged,buildings,Pagodas,fields,

28.10.92 Taungoo 5.4Richter

- Some damaged.

11.1.94 Myatkyina

6.6Richter

- Some damaged

21.9.95 Sagaing 5.1Richter

- Some damaged

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