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OUTLINEProperties of MatterStates of matterPhysical propertiesChemical properties

Changes in MatterPhysical changesChemical changes

Mixtures, Elements and Compounds

Heterogeneous, Homogeneous mixturesSeparating MixturesElements and Compounds

WHAT IS MATTER?

Everything in the universe is made of matter.

Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms.

STATES OF MATTERAll matter exists as one of the three

physical forms, which are called the states of matter.

Solid Liquid Gas

Definite Shape

Definite Volume

Particles held tightly together

PHYSICAL PROPERTIESA physical property is a characteristic of matter

that can be observed directly or measured without changing the substance’s composition.

Examples of Physical Properties are:

Boiling point Ductility

Melting point Elasticity

Density Brittleness

Color Malleability

Odor

CHEMICAL PROPERTIESCharacteristic of matter that describes how it

reacts or changes into a different substance.

Examples of Chemical Properties:

Flammability

Reactivity with acids

Ability to rust

IDENTIFYING CHANGESPhysical Changes

Physical state

Chemical Changes: different substance

TYPES OF CHANGE

Type of Change

Products of Change

Physical Change No new substance, but physical state is changed.Example:_____________________

Chemical Change

New substances are formed.Also called a chemical reaction.Example:_____________________

CHEMICAL REACTIONSA chemical reaction is a process in which atoms

of one or more substances rearrange to form one or more new substances.

When a new substance(s) is formed, there are indications.

• Color Change• Change in odor• Formation of Bubbles• Formation of

Precipitate

• Temperature change• Light

CONSERVATION OF MASSThe Law of Conservation of Mass

states that mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction. Mass is always conserved in a chemical reaction.

CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND CHEMICAL EQUATIONS

Chemical reactions are written in the form of a chemical equation.

The starting substances are called the reactants.

The substances produced, or formed, are called the products.

Reactant + Reactant Product + Product

Eg.

ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDSAn element is a pure substance that cannot be

separated into simpler substances by any means.

Each element has a name and a chemical symbol.

Elements are organized in the periodic table.

A compound is made up of two or more different

elements that are joined by chemical bonds.

ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS

Both elements and compounds are pure substances.

A mixture is a mix of multiple different types of pure substances.eg. coffee is a mix of water and coffee extract.