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OUTLINEProperties of MatterStates of matterPhysical propertiesChemical properties
Changes in MatterPhysical changesChemical changes
Mixtures, Elements and Compounds
Heterogeneous, Homogeneous mixturesSeparating MixturesElements and Compounds
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WHAT IS MATTER?
Everything in the universe is made of matter.
Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms.
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STATES OF MATTERAll matter exists as one of the three
physical forms, which are called the states of matter.
Solid Liquid Gas
Definite Shape
Definite Volume
Particles held tightly together
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PHYSICAL PROPERTIESA physical property is a characteristic of matter
that can be observed directly or measured without changing the substance’s composition.
Examples of Physical Properties are:
Boiling point Ductility
Melting point Elasticity
Density Brittleness
Color Malleability
Odor
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CHEMICAL PROPERTIESCharacteristic of matter that describes how it
reacts or changes into a different substance.
Examples of Chemical Properties:
Flammability
Reactivity with acids
Ability to rust
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IDENTIFYING CHANGESPhysical Changes
Physical state
Chemical Changes: different substance
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TYPES OF CHANGE
Type of Change
Products of Change
Physical Change No new substance, but physical state is changed.Example:_____________________
Chemical Change
New substances are formed.Also called a chemical reaction.Example:_____________________
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CHEMICAL REACTIONSA chemical reaction is a process in which atoms
of one or more substances rearrange to form one or more new substances.
When a new substance(s) is formed, there are indications.
• Color Change• Change in odor• Formation of Bubbles• Formation of
Precipitate
• Temperature change• Light
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CONSERVATION OF MASSThe Law of Conservation of Mass
states that mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction. Mass is always conserved in a chemical reaction.
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CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND CHEMICAL EQUATIONS
Chemical reactions are written in the form of a chemical equation.
The starting substances are called the reactants.
The substances produced, or formed, are called the products.
Reactant + Reactant Product + Product
Eg.
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ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDSAn element is a pure substance that cannot be
separated into simpler substances by any means.
Each element has a name and a chemical symbol.
Elements are organized in the periodic table.
A compound is made up of two or more different
elements that are joined by chemical bonds.
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ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS
Both elements and compounds are pure substances.
A mixture is a mix of multiple different types of pure substances.eg. coffee is a mix of water and coffee extract.