1.nursing as a profession
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WELCOME
N - 100
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MS. EDERLIE E.PITIQUEN
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NURSING as a PROFESSION
Nursing is often identified as an
emerging profession .It is striving to
attain professionalism to meet certain
criteria.
It has evolved over centuries.
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TRADITIONAL NURSING ROLE
humanistic caring
nurturing
comforting
supporting
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WEBSTERS DEFINES:
Occupation as what occupies or engages, ones time,business and employment.
Vocation is the work that a person regularly performs or the
work that especially suits him or her.
Profession is a vocation requiring advanced training usually
involving mental rather manual work, as teaching,
engineering, especially medicine, law or theology.
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PROFESSION:
An occupation that requires advancedknow ledged and skills and that is an
outgrowth of societys needs for
special services
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Five Function for the Preservation and
Development of a Profession :( STYLES 1983
Professional definition and regulation through thesetting and enforcing of standards of education andpractice for the generalist and the specialist.
Development of the knowledge base for practice in itsbroadest and narrowest components.
Transmission of values, norms, knowledge and skill toneophytes ands members of the profession forapplication in practice.
Communication and advocacy of the values andcontributions of the field to several publics andconstituencies.
Attendance to the social and general welfare of their
members.
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Six Elements of a Profession:
(Moore and Rosenblum 1970) Have a systematic theory
Exert authority
Command prestige
Have a code of ethics
Have a professional culture
Be the major source of income of those
who practice it.
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Critical attributes of professionalism in
nursing (Miller)
Gaining a body of knowledge in a
university setting and a science
orientation at the graduate level innursing
Attaining competencies derived from
the theoretical base. Delineating and specifying the skills
and competencies that are the
boundaries of expertise.
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Criteria of a Profession
Specialized education
Body of knowledge Service orientation
Ongoing research
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Growth of Professionalism:
Specialized education
Knowledge based
Ethics
Autonomy
Code of Ethics
Caring
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Education
A profession requires an
extended education of its
members as well as basic
liberal foundation.
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Theory
A profession has a
theoretical body ofknowledge leading to
defined skills, abilitiesand norms.
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Service
A profession provides
basic services.
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Code of Ethics The profession as a whole has a code
of ethics for practice. A profession has
sufficient self-impelling power toretain its members throughout life. It
must not be a mere stepping stone to
other occupations.
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Autonomy
Members of a
profession haveautonomy in decision
making and inpractice.
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Caring
The most unique
characteristic
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Professional Nursing
Is an art and a science dominated by
an ideal of service in which certain
principles are applied in the skillfulcare of the well and the ill, and through
relationship with client/patient,
significant others and other membersof the health team.
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Professional Nurse
Is one who has acquired the art and scienceof nursing through her basic education who
interprets her role in nursing in terms of
the social ends for which it exists thehealth and welfare of society and who
continues to add to her knowledge, skills
and attitudes through continuing educationand scientific inquiry (research) or the use
of the results of such inquiry.
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Qualification and abilities of a
Professional Nurse:
1. Has faith in the fundamental values thatunderlie the democratic way of life. Ex.
A) respect for human dignity
B) self sacrifice for the common good
C) strong sense of responsibility
for sharing in the solution of the
problems of the society
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2. Has a sense of responsibility forunderstanding those with whom he/sheworks or associates with through the useof the following skills;
- utilizing relevant basic concept ofpsychology
- working effectively through therapeuticrelationship
3. Has faith in the reality of spiritual and
aesthetic value and awareness of thevalue and the pleasure of self-development through the pursuit of someaesthetic interests
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4. Has the basic knowledge, skills and
attitudes necessary to address present-day
social problems, realistic, incisive (direct)
and well organized thoughts through the
use of critical thinking. Critical thinking is
securing, appraising, and organizingevidence.
5. Has skill in using written and spoken
language, both to develop own thoughtsand communicate them to others.
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6. Appreciates and understand the
importance of good health.
7. Has emotional balance. Is able to maintain
poise and composure in trying situation.
8. Take hard work and possesses a capacity
for it.
9. Appreciates high standards of
workmanship.
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10.Accept and tries to understand
people of all sorts, regardless of race,
religion, color and economic status.
11.Knows nursing so thoroughly that
every client will receive excellentcare
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Personal qualification of
a Nurse:
Philosophy of life
Good personality
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Philosophy of life
It is concerned with those basic truths
that contribute to personal growth in a
systematic fashion and with thoseprinciples that relate to the moral values
that shape the facets of the character
Every person must develop a personalphilosophy of life and plan for expanding
his personal life
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Theories of nursing can
be taught, but not aphilosophy of life or a
philosophy of service.
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Good Personality
Personality consists of distinctiveindividual qualities that differentiates
one person from another. It refers to the impression one makes
on others which will include morethan that which meets the eye.
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It consists of deeper traits which
come from the heart and which
infiltrate the real person if one
wishes to exert a magneticinfluence on others.
It is a result of integrating ones
abilities, desires, impulses, habitsand physical characteristic into a
harmonious whole.
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How to develop ones
personality:
Warmth of manner, a ready smile, sincere
laugh, genuine interest in others.
Complete sincerity
Sympathetic grooming: Neat hair style,
appropriate dress, sufficient make-up and
expressive hands, being ever mindful of the
people who see you.
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Components of Good
Personality:
Personal appearance
Character
Attitude
Charm
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Personal appearance
Your appearance often reveals more
about the real you than any words you
may say. Self-respect is the basis uponwhich personal appearance is
established. It includes a healthy body
motivated by unselfishness andexpressing graciousness.
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Components of personal
appearance:
Posture
Grooming
Dress and uniform
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Posture
It refers to the habitual or assumedpositions of your body in standing, sitting ormoving about.
Posture presents some clues to yourpersonality.
As a nurse, you must be responsible for
practicing a physical regimen that helps todevelop and maintain good posture andphysical fitness.
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Grooming
Your hair should truly crown the
features of your face in an attractive
manner. Your hair should be neat, clean and
well arranged
It also includes personal hygiene andcleanliness
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Dress and Uniform
Just as self-respect is evident in
good posture and personal
hygiene, so as it is reflected in
the care you exercise with
regards to dressing.
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Basic guides for Personal Dress:
Undergarments must be clean andproperly fitted for body support.
All articles of clothing should be neat,personable and trim especially the giveaway article such as the bra straps, the
slip, the heels of the shoes. Street attire is expected to be appropriate
and to give you a sense of security inofficial and social situation
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Your wardrobe may be limited but
planning it in basic colors and usingcontrasting or blending hues can add
greatly to its extensiveness.
Accessories should match the attire andshould be suitable to the occasion and to
your personality.
Current fads and style may have to bedisregarded to accommodate your budget
on your body structure.
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The Nursing Uniform
They come in different colors, butirrespective of color, the nurse distinctiveuniform identifies you as a nurse to your
patient and his family as well as to your co-workers.
You must respect the uniform. It is part ofthe nurses public image.
Wear the uniform only during workinghours.
It should not be worn with jewelry except a
school pin or name plate.
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The Nurses Cap
The style of the cap remains
usually the same for a
particular school.
Like the uniform wear it with
respect and dignity
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Points to remember in wearing
the nurses uniform: Every item comprising the uniform must bespotlessly clean, well fitting and in goodrepair.
Shoes and hosiery worn with the uniformshould provide for maximum comfort.
Uniform designated for use in a given
hospital area is worn only in the line of dutyand not to be worn outside the specifieddepartment.
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Modification of any
authorized uniform to suit
your individual preference
is not permitted by thedictates of both good
taste and integrity.
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Attitude A manner of acting, thinking or feeling
that is indicated by ones response
toward another person situation orexperience.
Personality is shaped by ones attitude.
It is a part of a pattern of personalbehavior
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Character Refers to the moral values and beliefs that
are used as guide to personal behavior and
actions.
It is what a person is inside.
It is the development in proportion to
emotional and intellectual growth and
involves the degree to which you
understand, direct and channel your
feelings.
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The practice of nursing utilizes ones
love for fellowman. Charity is thegreatest virtue and serves as the
foundation for a sense of values and
the development of human character.
The nurse is basically a good person.
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Attributes of Character
Honesty
Loyalty
Tolerance Judgment
Reliability Motivation
Resourcefulness
Moderation
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Honesty Being truthful, trustworthy
and upright in ones dealing
with others as well as
refraining from lying,
cheating and stealing.
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It is demonstrated in terms
of:
Truthfulness
Honor
Integrity
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TruthfulnessThe quality of being in
agreement with facts,reality and experience
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HonorMaking good on
commitment.
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IntegrityAdhering to ones set
of moral values
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Evidences ofHonesty can be
observed in the following:
Care of materials
Recognition of authority
Obedience to rules, regulations and
authority
Use of time in terms of punctuality
in performing activities
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Loyalty The feeling of confidence, trust and
affection you have towards your family
and friends and towards those whohave helped, guided and stood by you
as you proceeded towards your goals.
Ex. Speaking well about co-workersand the institution where you work.
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Tolerance It allows you to respect and accept
others as fellow human beings
entitled to enjoy the same basicrights and privileges that you claim
for yourself.
It manifest itself in your
recognition of the rights of others.
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It is demonstrated in the practice
of patience, a sense of humor,
sympathy, understanding, and
unselfishness. Ex. Allowing an
angry relative to verbalize his/her
feelings.
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Judgment Sometimes referred to as good sense,
it indicates ones ability to use ones
intellectual capacity to form soundopinions.
Qualities involved in the use of
judgment are wisdom, discretion andtact. Ex. Questioning an unclear
doctors order before acting.
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Reliability It is dependability and involves ones use of
sound judgment based upon careful
observation and an understanding of any
given situation in which one is required to
act.
Ex. Performing ones responsibilities
thoroughly even beyond time of duty asnecessary, reporting on duty even during
holidays, floods, typhoon and etc.
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Motivation Something that moves one to plan and
accomplish specific things; it is a
positive force that directs onespersonal actions to the fulfillment of
desires or drives that are referred to as
basic human needs. Ex. Aiming to give the best quality of
patient care at all times.
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Resourcefulness Involves a persons ability to recognize
and deal promptly and effectively with
difficulties or problems that arise. Itrequires the utilization of information
available about a given situation and
using it courageously, sensibly andconstructively in dealing with situation.
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Moderation Allows one to maintain harmony and
balance among all the elements of onescharacter and in ones relationships with
others by encouraging one to developperspective and a sense of objectivity.
Ex. Indulging in food, material goods andother factors that provides pleasure orenjoyment to the senses in controlledmanner.
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It is based on opinions, viewpoints of
feelings.
It is a result of responses to specific
experiences.
It changes from time to time as
additional knowledge is gained and
ones understanding is broadened.
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A change in attitude results to a
change in behavior.
It develops from awareness of
oneself in relation to individualsand situations.
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Eight Be-Attitudes of a Nurse:
Acceptance
Helpfulness
Friendliness
Firmness
Permissiveness
Limit setting
Sincerity
Competence
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Acceptance Acceptance of others is indicative of self
maturity.
Facing known and meeting the unknown of life
with maximum comfort.
Changing what can be changed within ones
self.
Ex. The nurse accepts the client as anindividual and respecting his/her culture.
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Helpfulness Strong feelings towards helping others;
giving others attention, reassurance and a
protective security in the storms of daily
living. Ex. A nurse assist a weak client in
feeding and performing hygienic measures.
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Friendliness May be active or passive,
warmth of manner, pleasant
interaction with others. Ex.
The nurse establishes rapport
with the client and his/herfamily.
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Firmness Being alert to the actions of others in a
positive, confident way; uses firm, kind and
immediate methods of approach.
Ex. The nurse implements hospital rules
and policies regarding visiting hours,
number of visitors at a time, use of
telephone.
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Permissiveness Understanding of motives and the feelings
expressed in behavior whether they are or not
capable; loosening or tightening the reign of
authority in the interaction; flexibility inresponses.
Ex. The nurse allows the adolescent to wear his
own clothing as he/she requests instead ofhospital gown.
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Limit setting Knowing the value of her influence;
offering of praise or blame; limiting what
others may say or do.
Ex. The nurse tells the client who keeps
on throwing things that this behavior is
unacceptable.
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Sincerity Acting naturally, recognizing ones
anger, fears and other feelings.
Ex. The nurse tells the client who iscrying because she lost her baby that she
understands how she feels at this time.
And the nurse holds the clients hand and
stay with her.
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Competence Approaching problems intellectually rather
than emotionally, displaying knowledge and
ability to deal with situations.
Ex. The nurse stays with the client whose
wound on the abdomen has disrupted and
reassures the client that help from a physician
is being sought for.
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Charm To influence the senses or the mind by some
quality or attraction delight.
Innate in one who has a depth of feeling and
an outgoing manner.
Maybe cultivated by a desire to serve and a
deep love for fellow human beings.
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To acquire charm, one needs to
cultivate the following:
Voice modulated with clearenunciation.
Manner courteous, attentive, patient,receptive.
Heart attempt never to showindifference or a calloused manner. Beempathetic, understanding andtolerant. Remember to say Thankyou as this works miracles in social
harmony.
R i f d l f
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Requirements for development of
poise are as follows:
1. Calmness and composure
-face reality
-avoid emotional flare-ups2. Control of temper
- Think before acting
- Avoid verbal and physicalaggressiveness
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Intelligence keeps an active mind,
recognize beauty, accept new ideas fromothers, read and exchange opinions with
others.
Poise equanimity, calmness, composure,evenness of temper, self-control.
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NURSING
the word NURSEoriginated from word
NUTRIX meaning to
nourish.
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Definition of Nursing
Shaw
Nursing is an art.
Harmer
It is rooted in the needs of
humanity.
Harmer & Henderson
Service to an individual
that helps him to attain ormaintain a healthy state
of mind or body.
Florence Nightingale
the act of utilizing the
environment of the
patient to assist him in his
recovery.
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Definition of Nursing
Hildagard E. Paplau
It is a
significant,therapeutic,int
erpersonal process.
Virginia Henderson
The unique function of
the nurse is t assist theindividual, sick or well.
Faye Glen Abdellah
It is a helping Profession.
Mother Olivia Gowan
It is both a science and
art involving the total
patient.
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Definition of Nursing
Ida Jean Orlando
Is to conceptualized that
finding out and meeting
the patients immediate
need for help.
Lydia Hall
Nursing can and should
be professional.
Myra Estrin Levine
It is a human interaction.
Dorothea Orem
It is the giving of direct
assistance to a person.
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Definition of Nursing
Betty Neumen
It is a unique profession.
Rosemarie Rizzo Parse
It is a human science
Helen C. Erickson
It is a holistic helping of a
person with their self careactivities in relation to
their health.
Imogene King
It is an interpersonal
process of
action,reaction,interaction
and transaction.
1987 C di N A i ti
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1987 Canadian Nurses Association
(CNA)
Described nursing practice as a
dynamic, caring, helping relationship
which the nurse assists the client to
achieve, obtained optimal health.
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They describe what nursing is and
the interrelationship among
nurses, nursing the client, theenvironment and the intended
client outcome.
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Characteristics of Nursing:
Nursing is caring.
Nursing is an art.
Nursing is a science.
Nursing is client centered.
Nursing is holistic.
Nursing is adaptive.
Nursing is concerned with health promotion,health maintenance, and health restoration.
Nursing is a helping profession
1973 ANA (American Nurses
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1973-ANA (American Nurses
Association)
described nursing practice as direct
goal oriented and adaptable to the
needs of the individual, the family and
the community during health and
illness.
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1980 ANA changed the definition into
nursing diagnosis and treatment ofhuman responses to actual or potential
health problems.
1995-ANA-recognized the influence andcontribution of the science of caring to
nursing, philosophy and practice.
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American Nurses Association
It is a helping profession and as such provides services whichcontributes to the health and well being of a person.
In 1980, The congress ofNursing Practice defined
Nursing as the" the diagnosisand treatment of human
responses to actual orpotential health problems.
Characteristics of Nursing:
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Characteristics of Nursing:related to Nursing Process)
Phenomena
they are the human responses to actual
or potential health problems.
Theory application the nurse applies nursing theory
to understanding theses human responses.
Nursing action the nurse takes action to resolve
actual or potential health problems.
Evaluation
the nurse evaluates the effects of theactions on the clients responses.
Three Essential Components of a
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Three Essential Components of a
Professional Nursing
Care
Cure
Coordination
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Goals of Nursing:
Maintenance of health
Promotion of wellness/health Restoration of health
Prevention of illness
Facilitate coping Care of dying
Their most recent definition of nursing
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Their most recent definition of nursing
acknowledges 4 essential features of
contemporary nursing practice: Attention to the full range of human
experiences and responses to health and
illness without restrictions to a problemfocused orientation.
Integration of objective data withknowledge gained from an understandingof the client or groups subjectiveexperience
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Application of scientific knowledge to
the process of diagnosis andtreatment.
Provision of a caring relationship that
facilitates health and healing.
Historical Development of
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Historical Development of
Nursing
Nursing has undergone dramatic
changes in response to societal
needs and influences.
l
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Womens role Traditional female roles of wife,
mother, daughter and sister. From
the beginning of time, women have
cared for infants and children thusnursing could be said to have its
roots in the home.
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Religion had a significant impact on the
development ofWestern nursing
During the 3rd and 4th
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During the 3 and 4
centuries
Several wealthy matrons of the
Roman empire such as FABIOLA
converted to Christianity and
used their wealth to provide
houses of care and healing (the
forerunner of hospitals) for the
poor, the sick and the homeless.
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The Crusades
Saw the formation of several orders
of knights, including the Knights of
Saint John of Jerusalem, the
Teutonic Knights and the Knightsof Saint Lazarus (dedicated
themselves in the care of people
with leprosy, syphilis and skinchronic skin diseases.)
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The Western churches suppressed
the deaconess group which hadtheir origins in the Roman
Empire of the 3rd and 4th
centuries, during the MiddleAges.
However, these group of nursing
providers resurfaced occasionallythroughout the centuries, most
notably in 1836.
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Theodore Fliedner
Reinstituted the Order of
Deaconess' and open a
small hospital and trainingschool in Kaiserwerth,
Germany.
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War
Throughout the century, wars
have accentuated the need for
nurses. During the Crimean war (1854-
1856) the inadequacy of care
give to soldiers led to a publicoutcry in Great Britain.
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Historical
Development ofNursing:
i d f i i i
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Period of Intuitive Nursing
It was practiced since prehistoric
times among primitive tribes lasted
through the early Christian era.
Nursing was untaught and
instinctive
A Beliefs and practices of Pre-
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A. Beliefs and practices of Pre
historic Man
Nomad, philosophy in life the bestfor the most, ruled by law of selfpreservation
Nursing function belonged towomen
Believed illness was caused byinvasion of victims body & evilspirit through the use of blackmagic or voodoo
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shaman-medicine man or witch
doctor heals by using white magic trephining-drilling a hole in the
skull with a rock or stone to drive
away evil spirit from the body.
N i i N E
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Nursing in Near East
Nomadic style to urban
community life
Beginning of a body of scientificknowledge
Care of sick was closely related
to religion, superstition andmagic
Contributions to Medicine
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Contributions to Medicine
and Nursing
Babylonia
Code ofHammurabi law that covers
medical practice regulation fees;discouraged experimentation,
recommends patient to choose
between the use of charms,
medications, surgical procedure tocure disease. No mention of nurses.
E t
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Egypt
Introduce art of embalming
Recorded 250 recognized diseases
through observation
I l
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Israel
Moses father of sanitation wrote 5
books of old testaments
Promulgated law of control on the
spread of CD and actualcircumcision
Referred nurses as midwives, wet
nurses or child nurses
N i i F E t
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Nursing in Far East
China
Materia medica- pharmacology,prescribed methods of treating wounds
and infection
I di
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India
Built hospitals, practice intuitiveform of asepsis, proficient inpractice of medicine and surgery.
Sushurutu-made a list of functionand qualifications of nurses. For the1st time in recorded history, therewas reference to the nurses taking
care of patients; these nurses weredescribed as combination ofphysical therapist and cook.
N i i A i t G
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Nursing in Ancient Greece
Nursing was the task of
untrained slaves.
Introduced caduceus-insigniaof the medical profession today
Hippocrates father of scientific
medicine
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Period of Apprentice
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pp
Nursing
This period extends from the founding
of religious nursing orders in the
crusades, which began in the 11thcentury and ended in 1836.
It is called the period of on the job
training.
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Religious orders of the Christian
Church were responsible for the
development of this kind of nursing.
Military Religious Orders and
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y g
their works
Knights of Saint John of Jerusalem
Established an organization of ranksand advocated principles of complete andunquestioned devotion to duty andtraditional obedience to superiors.
Teutonic Knights
Established tent hospitals for thewounded.
Knights of St. Lazarus Was founded primarily for the nursing care of
lepers in Jerusalem after the Christians hadconquered the city.
I t t N i g P g
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Important Nursing Personages
St. Clare founder of the second
order of St Francis of Assisi.
St. Elizabeth of Hungary known
as the Patroness of Nurses.
St. Catherine of Sienna the first
Lady with a Lamp.
The Dark Period of Nursing
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The Dark Period of Nursing
Period of reformation from 17th to
19th century until the U.S.Civil War
Several Leaders sought to bring
about reforms:
- John Howard
- Mother Mary Aikenhand
- Pastor Theodor Fliedner and
Frederika Munster Fliedner
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Nursing in America
- people began to settle in NorthAmerican continent, to seek for
adventure, new quests and new
trade routes1. Pre-Civil War Nursing
2. American Reforms in Nursing
3. Nursing during the Civil War
I P hi
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Important Personages at this
time:
Dorothea Lynde Dix
Clara Barton
Period of Educated Nursing
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Period of Educated Nursing
This period began on June 15,
1860 when the Florence
Nightingale School of Nursing
opened at St. Thomas Hospital in
London
Facts about Florence
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Nightingale
Recognized as the: Mother of
Modern Nursing, she was also
known as the Lady with a Lamp.
Born on May 12, 1820 in FlorenceItaly.
Self appointed goal: To change the
profile of nursing
U d d th ti f
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Upgraded the practice of
Nursing and made an honorableprofession.
Led the nurses that took care ofthe wounded during CrimeanWar.
Put down her ideas in the twopublished books: Notes on
Nursing and Notes onHospitals.
Other important Persons/Groups/Events
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during Period of Educated Nursing:
Linda Richards first graduatenurse
Dr. William Halsted design thefirst rubber gloves
Caroline Hampton Robb the firstnurse to wear rubber gloves whileworking as an operating room nurse
Establishments of NursingOrganizations; the American NursesAssociation and the National Leaguefor Nursing Education; contributedto the uplift of the nursing profession
Isabel Hampton Robb the first principal of
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Isabel Hampton Robb the first principal ofthe John Hopkins Hospital School of Nursing
Clara Louise Maas engaged in medicalresearch on yellow fever during the Spanish-American War.
Development of private duty nursing,settlement house nursing, school nursing,
government service of nurses and prenatal andmaternal health nursing (1900-1912).
Age of specialization began in the first decade ofthe 20th century.
Preparation of a standard curriculum based oneducational objectives for schools of nursing(1913-1937).
Edith Cavell known as Mata Hari, servedthe wounded soldiers during World War I.
Period of Contemporary
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Nursing
This covers of the World War II to
the present. Scientific and
technological developments aswell as social changes mark this
period.
Events and Trends
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Events and Trends
Establishment of the World HealthOrganization by the United Nations toassist in fighting disease.
Use of atomic/nuclear energy formedical diagnosis and treatment.
Utilization of computers for collectingdata, teaching, establishing diagnosis,
maintaining inventory, makingpayrolls, record keeping and billing.
Use of sophisticated equipment fordi i d th
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diagnosis and therapy.
ColonelP
earl Tucker developed acomprehensive one-year course toprepare nurses for aerospace nursingat Cape Kennedy.
Health is perceived as fundamentalhuman right.
Nursing involvement in communityhealth is greatly intensified.
Technological advances relieved thenurse from numerous tasks.
Development of the expanded role ofthe nurse.
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History of Nursing inthe Philippines:
Early Beliefs and Practices
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Early Beliefs and Practices
Diseases and their causes and
treatment were shrouded with
mysticism and superstitions.
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Belief about causation of disease.
People believed that evil spirits could
be driven away by persons with
powers to expel demons.
People believed in special gods of
healing, with the priest-physician as
intermediary. If they used leaves androots, they were called herb doctors.
Early Care of the sick
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Early Care of the sick
Early Filipinos subscribed to
superstitious beliefs and practices in
relation to health and sickness.
Herb men were called HERBICHEROS
i h ti d it h ft
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meaning one who practiced witchcraft.
Person suffering from diseases without anyidentified cause were believed to be
bewitched by MANGKUKULAM or
MANGAGAWAY
Difficult childbirth and some diseases
(called PAMAO) were attributed to
NONOS.
During labor, the MABUTING HILOTwas called in. If the birth became difficult
WITCHES were supposed to be the
caused.
Health Care during Spanish
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Regimen
The religious orders exerted their
efforts to care for the sick by building
hospitals in the different parts of thePhilippines.
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Nursing during the PhilippineRevolution
The prominent people involved in
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nursing works were
Josephine Bracken
Rosa Sevilla de Alvero Dona Hilaria de Aguinaldo
Dona Maria de Aguinaldo
M l h A i
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Melchora Aquino
Capitan Salome
Agueda Kahabagan
Trinidad Tecson
Filipino Red Cross
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Filipino Red Cross
Malolos,Bulacan was the location of
the national headquarters
Functions of Filipino Red Cross:
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Functions of Filipino Red Cross:
Collection of war funds and
materials through concerts,
charity, bazaars and voluntarycontributions.
Provision of nursing care to
wounded Filipino soldiers
Requirements for membership:
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Requirements for membership:
At least 14 years old, age requirement
for officer was 25 years old.
Of sound reputation.
Hospitals and Schools of Nursing
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Hospitals and Schools of Nursing
Iloilo Mission Hospital of Nursing
(Iloilo City, 1906).
St. PaulsH
ospital School of Nursing(Manila, 1907).
Philippine General Hospital School of
Nursing (1907). St. Lukes Hospital School of Nursing
(Quezon City, 1907
Mary Johnston Hospital and School of
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Mary Johnston Hospital and School of
Nursing(Manila, 1907).
Philippine Christian Mission InstituteSchools of Nursing.
San Juan de Dios Hospital School ofNursing (Manila, 1913).
Emmanuel Hospital School of Nursing(Capiz, 1913).
Southern Island School of Nursing(Cebu, 1918).
The First Colleges of Nursing in
h Phili i
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the Philippines:
University of Santo Tomas College of
Nursing (1946).
Manila Central University College of
Nursing (1947).
University of the Philippines College
of Nursing (1948).
Nursing Leaders in the
Phili i
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Philippines Anastacia Giron-Tupas first Filipino
nurse to hold the position Chief NurseSuperintendent; founder of the
Philippine Nurses Association. Cesaria Tan first Filipino to receive
a masters degree in Nursing abroad.
Socorro Sirilan pioneered inHospital Social Service in San LazaroHospital where she was the Chief
Nurse.
Rosa Militar a pioneer in schoolhealth education
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health education.
Socorro Diaz first editor of the PNAmagazine called The Message.
Sor Ricarda Mendoza a pioneer in
nursing education. Conchita Ruiz first full-time editor
of the newly named PNA magazineThe Filipino Nurse.
Loreto Tupaz Dean of thePhilippine Nursing, FlorenceNightingale of Iloilo.
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Health and NursingOrganizations
Early Institutions for Child
W lf
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Welfare
Hospicio de San Jose (Manila 1782)
Asylum of San Jose (Cebu)
Asylum of Looban (Manila)
Colegio de Santa Isabel (Naga City
Gota de Leche (Manila 1907)
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Gota de Leche (Manila, 1907)
Liga Nacional Filipiniana para laProtection dela Primera Infancia.
Public Welfare Board.
Nursing Organizations:
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Philippine Nurses Association
National League of Nurses
Catholic Nurses Guild of thePhilippines
Others: ORNAP,MCNAP,IRNOP etc.
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