nursing the oldest of arts. the youngest profession
TRANSCRIPT
NURSING
THE OLDEST OF ARTS
The youngest profession
FLORENCE
Nightingale
Encircles the Globe
Early days at Xiangya School of Early days at Xiangya School of NursingNursing
XiangyaNursing
A century of excellence
2121stst Century: Evidence- Century: Evidence-based Practicebased Practice
Use of the Use of the best availablebest available
evidence to guide clinical evidence to guide clinical
decision makingdecision making
Where do we find the “best Where do we find the “best available” evidence?available” evidence?
Clinical knowledgeClinical knowledge Opinions of respected authoritiesOpinions of respected authorities Reports of expert committeesReports of expert committees Guidelines for best practicesGuidelines for best practices Original researchOriginal research
Evidence Based PracticeEvidence Based Practice
Levels of evidenceLevels of evidence Gold standard: Randomized Gold standard: Randomized
controlled trialscontrolled trials Clinical guidelines and pathwaysClinical guidelines and pathways
– Discipline specificDiscipline specific
– Condition specificCondition specific
Implementing Evidence-Implementing Evidence-Based PracticeBased Practice
Search for best evidence for practice problemSearch for best evidence for practice problem Use existing evidence-based guidelineUse existing evidence-based guideline Assess cost/benefit ratio of guidelineAssess cost/benefit ratio of guideline Use guideline in practiceUse guideline in practice Measure outcomes from guidelineMeasure outcomes from guideline Extend use of guideline to other practice settingsExtend use of guideline to other practice settings
Florence NightingaleFlorence NightingaleHer Crimean War Work (1853-Her Crimean War Work (1853-
56)56)
Organized investigationsOrganized investigations Observational studiesObservational studies
InterventionsInterventions EvaluationEvaluation
Reduced mortality from 43% to 2%.Reduced mortality from 43% to 2%.
Compassionate Scientific
Nursing ScholarshipNursing Scholarship
Solving a problem, answering a clinical Solving a problem, answering a clinical question question
– Systematic search for informationSystematic search for information– Critical evaluationCritical evaluation– SynthesisSynthesis
Nursing ResearchNursing Research
A scientific process that validates and refines A scientific process that validates and refines existing knowledge and generates new knowledge existing knowledge and generates new knowledge that directly and indirectly influences nursing that directly and indirectly influences nursing practice.practice.
Solving a problem for a category of patients rather Solving a problem for a category of patients rather than for just one patient.than for just one patient.
A diligent and systematic inquiryA diligent and systematic inquiryAn organized investigationAn organized investigation
Why conduct nursing Why conduct nursing research?research?
““. . . Before one does . . . Before one does any research in any research in nursing practice, he nursing practice, he must believe that must believe that nursing is importantnursing is important… … If nursing has nothing If nursing has nothing to offer patients, why to offer patients, why bother [to study it]?”bother [to study it]?” (Diers, 1970)(Diers, 1970)
ResearchResearch
Is answering a question for many patients Is answering a question for many patients instead of oneinstead of one
Can be transmitted, sharedCan be transmitted, shared Moves knowledge from individual to Moves knowledge from individual to
collectivecollective Describes, explains, predictsDescribes, explains, predicts Allows us to improve practiceAllows us to improve practice
Research contributes to Research contributes to practicepractice
DescribingDescribing ExplainingExplaining PredictingPredicting InterveningIntervening
With Research, we canWith Research, we can::
Improve careImprove care Influence policy (with data)Influence policy (with data) Shape our professionShape our profession Make an impactMake an impact
ResearchResearch
Strengthens your professional voice.Strengthens your professional voice. Allows you to be heardAllows you to be heard Allows you to participate in shaping the Allows you to participate in shaping the
health care systemhealth care system Allows you to influence the environment Allows you to influence the environment
where you deliver carewhere you deliver care
The Research CyclePick Topic
Study design and sampling
Focus research question
Collect Data
Analyze Data
Report Results
Act
Cognitive EffectsCognitive EffectsCognitive EffectsCognitive Effects
Research modifies our way of Research modifies our way of thinking or perception by:thinking or perception by:– improving understanding of a situationimproving understanding of a situation
– allowing analysis of practice dynamicsallowing analysis of practice dynamics
– expanding problem solving skills for expanding problem solving skills for clinical problemsclinical problems
Intervention Intervention ResearchResearch
Study of effectiveness of Study of effectiveness of interventions in achieving desired interventions in achieving desired outcomes in a natural setting.outcomes in a natural setting.
Interventions: treatments, Interventions: treatments, therapies, procedures, or actions therapies, procedures, or actions implemented by the nurse to or with implemented by the nurse to or with patients to achieve positive health patients to achieve positive health outcomesoutcomes
Outcomes ResearchOutcomes ResearchOutcomes ResearchOutcomes Research
Outcomes of Patient, Provider, & Outcomes of Patient, Provider, & Health Care SystemHealth Care System
Outcomes used to develop PolicyOutcomes used to develop Policy
Change Practice based on Change Practice based on ResearchResearch
Knowledge Knowledge UtilizationUtilizationKnowledge Knowledge UtilizationUtilization
The process of The process of disseminatingdisseminating & & using using research-generated research-generated
information to make an impact information to make an impact on or on or changechange in the existing in the existing
practices in society.practices in society.
Time LagTime LagTime LagTime LagDefinitionDefinition: The : The period of time period of time between completing between completing the research & the research & changing practice.changing practice.
MOVING INTO THE 21MOVING INTO THE 21stst CenturyCentury
What are the critical questions for nursing?What are the critical questions for nursing?
Who will answer them?Who will answer them?
Nurses can build the bridge between Nurses can build the bridge between practice and policy.practice and policy.
Collaborations in Collaborations in ResearchResearch
Working together
Answering questionsImproving care
It’s a small world.
Nursing research is relevant around the globe.
ATHENA to Ai Sheng NuoATHENA to Ai Sheng NuoReaching around the GlobeReaching around the Globe
Nurses working together to help patients take lifesaving Nurses working together to help patients take lifesaving medicationmedication
The community will be involved.The community will be involved.
Research teams will be multidisciplinary.Research teams will be multidisciplinary.
谢谢大家 !