1)expanded registrations of igr and neonicotinoids: applaud/courier : cucurbits, cotton, lettuce...

1) Expanded registrations of IGR and neonicotinoids:

• Applaud/Courier : cucurbits, cotton, lettuce

• Actara/Platinum: cotton, melons, leafy vegetables• Assail: cotton, leafy vegetables

2) Multiple applications allowed by labels.

3) Risk of increased selection pressure on whiteflies

4) The necessity to sustain the efficacies of these valuable chemistries for whitefly control.

Concerns for Whitefly Management in Multi-crop Communities

• Arizona Cotton Growers Association• Arizona Cotton Res & Prot Council• Western Growers Association• Arizona Veg Growers Association• Yuma Veg Shippers Association• Cotton Incorporated • Arizona Department of Agriculture• University of Arizona• PCA’s

Arizona Cross Commodity Working Group

Objective: Harmonize and Sustain Effectiveness of Shared Chemistries While Managing Whiteflies Across Commodities.

1) Regional cropping systems2) WF population dynamics

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec0

30

60

90

120

150

Chloronicotinyl

Pyrethroids

Non-Pyrethroids

Buprofezin

Pyriproxifen

0

20

40

60

80

100

Melons

Cr o

pp

ing

Sys

tem

(A

cr e

s x

100

0)

Ins

ec

tic

ide

Us

ag

e (

Tre

ate

d A

cre

s, x

10

00

)

Cotton

Alfalfa

Leafy Vegetables

Alfalfa

Leafy Vegetables

Leafy Vegetables

J JF M A M Ju A S O N D

F13F2

F3 F4 F5 F6

F7F8 F9

F10F11

F12

F1

Yuma

Re

lati

ve

Wh

ite

fly

P

op

ula

tion

Ab

und

an

ce

Multi-crop Community

more than one host-crop is grown in significantacreage within the same community.

• Yuma Co.

• Maricopa Co. (e.g. Aguila)

• Pinal Co. (e.g., MAC)

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec0

100

200

300

400

Chloronicotinyl

Pyrethroids

Non-Pyrethroids

Buprofezin

Pyriproxifen

0

50

100

150

200

250

300 Melons

Cro

pp

ing

Sys

tem

(A

cres

x 1

000

)In

sect

icid

e U

sag

e (

Tre

ated

Acr

es, x

1000

)

Cotton

Alfalfa

Leafy Veg

Central Arizona- Low

Alfalfa

Leafy Vegetables

Leafy Vegetables

J JF M A M Ju A S O N D

F2

F3 F4

F5F6 F7

F8

F9

F10F12

F1

F11Re l

ativ

e W

hit

efly

P

op

ula

tio

n A

bu

nd

a nce

Cotton-intensive Community

cotton is the dominant WF host crop grown in a crop community.

• Maricopa Co.(e.g. Buckeye)

• Pinal Co. (e.g. Casa Grande)

• Pima Co.(e.g. Marana)

Principal Treated WF Hosts by Community

Yuma

Cotton

Vegetables

MelonsBuckeye

Aguila

Queen Creek

Marana

MAC

Pinal

Coolidge

Westside

La Paz

Wellton

General Whitefly Management Guidelines

1) Avoidance 2) Sampling 3) Effective Chemical Use (1 IGR use / crop season)

Cross-commodity Guidelines for Applaud/Courier

1) Limit use to 1 application per crop season.

2) Restrict use to no more than 3 applications per year in a multi-crop community.

3) Do not expose multiple, sequential generations of whitefly to Applaud/Courier (or any WF chemistry).

4) Coordinate treatments of adjacent fields such that, when thresholds indicate the need for Applaud applications:

• they are made within 1 week (within the same whitefly generation),

OR • the interval between Applaud sprays is more

than 4 weeks, or at least 2 whitefly generations.

Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov

Spring Melons

FallMelons

Cotton

Multi-crop Community

F1 F4 F8 F9F6 F7F2 F3 F10 F11F5

Spring Melons

Fall Melons

Cotton

Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov

F1 F4 F8 F9F6 F7F2 F3

Spring Melons

FallMelons

F10 F11F5

Cotton

Applaud® in Yuma – Potential Label Max Use

Spring Melons

Fall Melons

Cotton

Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov

F1 F4 F8 F9F6 F7F2 F3

Spring Melons

FallMelons

F10 F11F5

Cotton

Applaud® in Yuma – Recommended Use

Spring Melons

Fall Melons

Cotton

If WF control is required, use an alternative insecticide (i.e, KNACK in cotton)

Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov

F1 F8

Spring Melons Fall Melons

F7F6F2 F3 F9F5F4

Cotton

Central Arizona - Multi crop (Potential Label Max)

Spring Melons

Fall Melons

Cotton

Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov

F1 F8

Spring Melons Fall Melons

F7F6F2 F3 F9F5F4

Cotton

Spring Melons

Fall Melons

Cotton

If WF control is required, use an alternative insecticide (i.e, KNACK in cotton)

Central Arizona - Multi crop (Recommended Use)

Cotton: Do not apply neonicotinoids. (Centric/Actara, Provado/Leverage, Assail).

Cross-commodity Guidelines for Neonicotinoids

Melons /Vegetables :

• Do not apply a foliar neonicotinoid spray following the use of a soil application of Admire or Platinum.

• Soil or foliar neonicotinoids should not be applied during the following periods: Yuma: After April 1 or before Aug 1 Aguila: Before May 1 or After Sept 1

• Consider foliar alternatives for vegetables that are planted after WF movement subsides and harvested before aphids typically become abundant. (eg, Oct 7th ~ Nov 7th in Yuma Valley)

• A single neonicotinoid use (soil or foliar) per crop

1) Multi-crop Communities

Draft Proposal

Melons

Rel

ativ

e W

hit

efly

P

op

ula

tio

n A

bu

nd

a nc e

Neonicotinoid

Resistance Risks Associated with Shared Neonicotinoid Uses in a Multi-Crop Community

(eg., Yuma – current usage)

Melons

Rel

ativ

e W

hit

efly

P

op

ula

tio

n A

bu

nd

a nc e

Vegetables

Neonicotinoid

Resistance Risks Associated with Shared Neonicotinoid Uses in a Multi-Crop Community

(eg., Yuma – current usage)

Rel

ativ

e W

hit

efly

P

op

ula

tio

n A

bu

nd

a nc e

Melons

Vegetables

Cotton

Neonicotinoid

Resistance Risks Associated with Shared Neonicotinoid Uses in a Multi-Crop Community

Not Sustainable

(eg., Yuma – potential usage)

Rel

ativ

e W

hit

efly

P

op

ula

tio

n A

bu

nd

a nc e

Melons

Preserve a Neonicotinoid-free Period in Multi-Crop Communities

Vegetables

Cotton

Neonicotinoid

(e.g., Yuma-Recommended)

IGRs and Conventional

2) Cotton–intensive community

Cross-commodity Guidelines for Neonicotinoids

• No more than 2 neonicotinoid uses per cotton crop (soil, foliar or seed treatment)

• Sprays should only be used following an initial IGR applications (Stage II of Whitefly IPM Program)

• Sprays should not to be applied consecutively, but rotated with conventional chemistries (Stage II or III)

Draft Proposal

Leafy Vegetables

J JF M A M Ju A S O N D

F2

F3 F4

F5F6 F7

F8

F9

F10F12

F1

F11Rel

ativ

e W

hi t

e fly

P

op

ula

tio

n A

bu

nd

anc e

Resistance Risks Associated with Neonicotinoid Uses in a Cotton-intensive Community

CottonNeonicotinoid

(e.g., Buckeye-label max)

Leafy Vegetables

J JF M A M Ju A S O N D

F2

F3 F4

F5F6 F7

F8

F9

F10F12

F1

F11Rel

ativ

e W

hi t

e fly

P

op

ula

tio

n A

bu

nd

anc e

Resistance Risks Associated with Neonicotinoid Uses in a Cotton-intensive Community

AZ Whitefly IPM Program

Cotton I

IGRs

II

Neo

III

Pyr

(e.g., Buckeye-recommended use )

Resistance Risks Associated with Neonicotinoid Uses in a Cotton-Melon System(central Arizona- potential use)

Leafy Vegetables

J JF M A M Ju A S O N D

F2

F3 F4

F5F6 F7

F8

F9

F10F12

F1

F11Rel

ativ

e W

hi t

e fly

P

op

ula

tio

n A

bu

nd

anc e

Melons

Cotton

Leafy Vegetables

J JF M A M Ju A S O N D

F2

F3 F4

F5F6 F7

F8

F9

F10F12

F1

F11Rel

ativ

e W

hi t

e fly

P

op

ula

tio

n A

bu

nd

anc e

Resistance Risks Associated with Neonicotinoid Uses in a Cotton-Melon System

(central Arizona-recommended use)

Melons

Cotton IGRPyrethroid

I

IGRs

II

Neo

III

Pyr

Label

2 uses

per crop

2-4 uses

per crop

Applaud/

Courier

Assail,

Actara,

Adage,

Provado,

Leverage

Proposed CC Guidelines

1 use / crop, narrowed use window

No use on Cotton in MCC

Limit use in Veg / Melon

No more than 2 non-consecutive uses in cotton intensive communities, and only after Stage I - IGR