1)expanded registrations of igr and neonicotinoids: applaud/courier : cucurbits, cotton, lettuce...
TRANSCRIPT
1) Expanded registrations of IGR and neonicotinoids:
• Applaud/Courier : cucurbits, cotton, lettuce
• Actara/Platinum: cotton, melons, leafy vegetables• Assail: cotton, leafy vegetables
2) Multiple applications allowed by labels.
3) Risk of increased selection pressure on whiteflies
4) The necessity to sustain the efficacies of these valuable chemistries for whitefly control.
Concerns for Whitefly Management in Multi-crop Communities
• Arizona Cotton Growers Association• Arizona Cotton Res & Prot Council• Western Growers Association• Arizona Veg Growers Association• Yuma Veg Shippers Association• Cotton Incorporated • Arizona Department of Agriculture• University of Arizona• PCA’s
Arizona Cross Commodity Working Group
Objective: Harmonize and Sustain Effectiveness of Shared Chemistries While Managing Whiteflies Across Commodities.
1) Regional cropping systems2) WF population dynamics
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec0
30
60
90
120
150
Chloronicotinyl
Pyrethroids
Non-Pyrethroids
Buprofezin
Pyriproxifen
0
20
40
60
80
100
Melons
Cr o
pp
ing
Sys
tem
(A
cr e
s x
100
0)
Ins
ec
tic
ide
Us
ag
e (
Tre
ate
d A
cre
s, x
10
00
)
Cotton
Alfalfa
Leafy Vegetables
Alfalfa
Leafy Vegetables
Leafy Vegetables
J JF M A M Ju A S O N D
F13F2
F3 F4 F5 F6
F7F8 F9
F10F11
F12
F1
Yuma
Re
lati
ve
Wh
ite
fly
P
op
ula
tion
Ab
und
an
ce
Multi-crop Community
more than one host-crop is grown in significantacreage within the same community.
• Yuma Co.
• Maricopa Co. (e.g. Aguila)
• Pinal Co. (e.g., MAC)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec0
100
200
300
400
Chloronicotinyl
Pyrethroids
Non-Pyrethroids
Buprofezin
Pyriproxifen
0
50
100
150
200
250
300 Melons
Cro
pp
ing
Sys
tem
(A
cres
x 1
000
)In
sect
icid
e U
sag
e (
Tre
ated
Acr
es, x
1000
)
Cotton
Alfalfa
Leafy Veg
Central Arizona- Low
Alfalfa
Leafy Vegetables
Leafy Vegetables
J JF M A M Ju A S O N D
F2
F3 F4
F5F6 F7
F8
F9
F10F12
F1
F11Re l
ativ
e W
hit
efly
P
op
ula
tio
n A
bu
nd
a nce
Cotton-intensive Community
cotton is the dominant WF host crop grown in a crop community.
• Maricopa Co.(e.g. Buckeye)
• Pinal Co. (e.g. Casa Grande)
• Pima Co.(e.g. Marana)
Principal Treated WF Hosts by Community
Yuma
Cotton
Vegetables
MelonsBuckeye
Aguila
Queen Creek
Marana
MAC
Pinal
Coolidge
Westside
La Paz
Wellton
General Whitefly Management Guidelines
1) Avoidance 2) Sampling 3) Effective Chemical Use (1 IGR use / crop season)
Cross-commodity Guidelines for Applaud/Courier
1) Limit use to 1 application per crop season.
2) Restrict use to no more than 3 applications per year in a multi-crop community.
3) Do not expose multiple, sequential generations of whitefly to Applaud/Courier (or any WF chemistry).
4) Coordinate treatments of adjacent fields such that, when thresholds indicate the need for Applaud applications:
• they are made within 1 week (within the same whitefly generation),
OR • the interval between Applaud sprays is more
than 4 weeks, or at least 2 whitefly generations.
Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov
Spring Melons
FallMelons
Cotton
Multi-crop Community
F1 F4 F8 F9F6 F7F2 F3 F10 F11F5
Spring Melons
Fall Melons
Cotton
Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov
F1 F4 F8 F9F6 F7F2 F3
Spring Melons
FallMelons
F10 F11F5
Cotton
Applaud® in Yuma – Potential Label Max Use
Spring Melons
Fall Melons
Cotton
Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov
F1 F4 F8 F9F6 F7F2 F3
Spring Melons
FallMelons
F10 F11F5
Cotton
Applaud® in Yuma – Recommended Use
Spring Melons
Fall Melons
Cotton
If WF control is required, use an alternative insecticide (i.e, KNACK in cotton)
Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov
F1 F8
Spring Melons Fall Melons
F7F6F2 F3 F9F5F4
Cotton
Central Arizona - Multi crop (Potential Label Max)
Spring Melons
Fall Melons
Cotton
Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov
F1 F8
Spring Melons Fall Melons
F7F6F2 F3 F9F5F4
Cotton
Spring Melons
Fall Melons
Cotton
If WF control is required, use an alternative insecticide (i.e, KNACK in cotton)
Central Arizona - Multi crop (Recommended Use)
Cotton: Do not apply neonicotinoids. (Centric/Actara, Provado/Leverage, Assail).
Cross-commodity Guidelines for Neonicotinoids
Melons /Vegetables :
• Do not apply a foliar neonicotinoid spray following the use of a soil application of Admire or Platinum.
• Soil or foliar neonicotinoids should not be applied during the following periods: Yuma: After April 1 or before Aug 1 Aguila: Before May 1 or After Sept 1
• Consider foliar alternatives for vegetables that are planted after WF movement subsides and harvested before aphids typically become abundant. (eg, Oct 7th ~ Nov 7th in Yuma Valley)
• A single neonicotinoid use (soil or foliar) per crop
1) Multi-crop Communities
Draft Proposal
Melons
Rel
ativ
e W
hit
efly
P
op
ula
tio
n A
bu
nd
a nc e
Neonicotinoid
Resistance Risks Associated with Shared Neonicotinoid Uses in a Multi-Crop Community
(eg., Yuma – current usage)
Melons
Rel
ativ
e W
hit
efly
P
op
ula
tio
n A
bu
nd
a nc e
Vegetables
Neonicotinoid
Resistance Risks Associated with Shared Neonicotinoid Uses in a Multi-Crop Community
(eg., Yuma – current usage)
Rel
ativ
e W
hit
efly
P
op
ula
tio
n A
bu
nd
a nc e
Melons
Vegetables
Cotton
Neonicotinoid
Resistance Risks Associated with Shared Neonicotinoid Uses in a Multi-Crop Community
Not Sustainable
(eg., Yuma – potential usage)
Rel
ativ
e W
hit
efly
P
op
ula
tio
n A
bu
nd
a nc e
Melons
Preserve a Neonicotinoid-free Period in Multi-Crop Communities
Vegetables
Cotton
Neonicotinoid
(e.g., Yuma-Recommended)
IGRs and Conventional
2) Cotton–intensive community
Cross-commodity Guidelines for Neonicotinoids
• No more than 2 neonicotinoid uses per cotton crop (soil, foliar or seed treatment)
• Sprays should only be used following an initial IGR applications (Stage II of Whitefly IPM Program)
• Sprays should not to be applied consecutively, but rotated with conventional chemistries (Stage II or III)
Draft Proposal
Leafy Vegetables
J JF M A M Ju A S O N D
F2
F3 F4
F5F6 F7
F8
F9
F10F12
F1
F11Rel
ativ
e W
hi t
e fly
P
op
ula
tio
n A
bu
nd
anc e
Resistance Risks Associated with Neonicotinoid Uses in a Cotton-intensive Community
CottonNeonicotinoid
(e.g., Buckeye-label max)
Leafy Vegetables
J JF M A M Ju A S O N D
F2
F3 F4
F5F6 F7
F8
F9
F10F12
F1
F11Rel
ativ
e W
hi t
e fly
P
op
ula
tio
n A
bu
nd
anc e
Resistance Risks Associated with Neonicotinoid Uses in a Cotton-intensive Community
AZ Whitefly IPM Program
Cotton I
IGRs
II
Neo
III
Pyr
(e.g., Buckeye-recommended use )
Resistance Risks Associated with Neonicotinoid Uses in a Cotton-Melon System(central Arizona- potential use)
Leafy Vegetables
J JF M A M Ju A S O N D
F2
F3 F4
F5F6 F7
F8
F9
F10F12
F1
F11Rel
ativ
e W
hi t
e fly
P
op
ula
tio
n A
bu
nd
anc e
Melons
Cotton
Leafy Vegetables
J JF M A M Ju A S O N D
F2
F3 F4
F5F6 F7
F8
F9
F10F12
F1
F11Rel
ativ
e W
hi t
e fly
P
op
ula
tio
n A
bu
nd
anc e
Resistance Risks Associated with Neonicotinoid Uses in a Cotton-Melon System
(central Arizona-recommended use)
Melons
Cotton IGRPyrethroid
I
IGRs
II
Neo
III
Pyr
Label
2 uses
per crop
2-4 uses
per crop
Applaud/
Courier
Assail,
Actara,
Adage,
Provado,
Leverage
Proposed CC Guidelines
1 use / crop, narrowed use window
No use on Cotton in MCC
Limit use in Veg / Melon
No more than 2 non-consecutive uses in cotton intensive communities, and only after Stage I - IGR