(1.4)human systems - respiratory system (p56-59)

(1.4)Human Systems- Respiratory System

(p56-59)

Human Systems

Human Organ Systems

• Organs that function together form organ systems.

• There are 11 human organ systems– integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous,

circulatory, endocrine, lymphatic, digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive.

The Respiratory System• the job of the respiratory system is gas

exchange- oxygen is carried to the blood - carbon dioxide is removed from the blood.

O2 CO2

Components of Respiratory System

• There are many different organs that work together for gas exchange to take place.

• Starting with the nose tiny hairs and sticky fluid traps dirt and other particles from entering the lungs.

• Next the larynx contains the vocal cords that vibrate as air moves through them = your voice!

Respiratory System

Why Do I Sneeze?Sneezing is like a cough in the upper

breathing passages. It is the body's way of removing an irritant from the sensitive mucous membranes of the nose.

Many things can irritate the mucous membranes. Dust, pollen, pepper or even a cold blast of air are just some of the many things that may cause you to sneeze.

Components...continued

• The trachea (windpipe) connects the mouth and nose to the lungs.

• It is made of bony material for strength.

• Any damage to the trachea is potentially life threatening.

• The bronchus the trachea divides into two bronchi, one going to each lung.

Respiratory System

Components...continued

• The bronchus quickly divide many times into many bronchioles smaller and smaller tubes carrying air deep into the lungs.

• The alveoli are air sacs (grape like structures) where gas exchange occurs.

• In the alveoli, oxygen passes into the blood and carbon dioxide leaves the blood.

• The smallest blood vessels called capillaries surround the alveoli.

The red blood cells in the blood vessels carry oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body.

Gas Exchange Takes Place in the Alveoli

Gas Exchange (Fig 1.20 p59)

O2 is carried to the blood andCO2 is removed from the blood

Components...continued

• The diaphragm is the main muscle of the respiratory system.

What Causes Hiccups?

Hiccups are the sudden movements of the diaphragm. It is involuntary…..you have no control over hiccups, as you well know.

There are many causes of hiccups. The diaphragm may get irritated, you may have eaten to fast, or maybe some substance in the blood could even have brought on the hiccups.

Breathing• During inhalation, the chest cavity expands as

the rib cage rises and the diaphragm contracts• During exhalation, the chest cavity gets smaller

and the diaphragm relaxes

Respiratory SystemClasswork

• Text p 59 LC #1-4