american education system nursheha finale
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American education SystemTRANSCRIPT
The American School System 1
AMERICAN EDUCATION
SYSTEMNURSHEHA BINTI MOHD HADZRI
2013780645EDM 704
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Overview• Preschool• Elementary
education• Secondary education• Higher education• Comparison to
Germany and the UK education
• Education Fees • Comparison to
Malaysia Education System
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Education System U.S.A
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The difference between private and public schools
Private school Public school
• Tuition fees or scholarship
• 10 % of all students• Select their students• Uniforms
• Financed by taxes• Supported by funding• Majority of students• Some have dress
codes
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Preschool (Nursery School)• Usually between the ages of three
and five• Education before the age of six• To develop children through planned
programs
• Social competence (playgroups / sharing etc.)
• Listening skills• Several activities (painting, educational
games etc.)
What do children learn in Preschools?
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Elementary Education• Primary school
- Provides instructions in skills of mathematics, reading, basic grammar, social studies, geography etc.
• Elementary school- First year: kindergarten- From 5/6 to 11 years - 1st grade to 6th grade
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Junior High School • Includes seventh, eighth and ninth grade• More independence• Compulsory subjects: Science, mathematics,
social sciences, physical education• Electives• Extracurricular activities
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Senior High School• Built around 1960 in USA• Originated in Scotland:
Edinburgh’s Royal High school 1505
• Prepares young people for the adult world
• Final four years (9 up to 12)
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How a High School works
• School attendance: until graduation or age of 16
• Full-time school• Begins in late august or early September • Ends in late may or early June• 36 weeks a year• Strict discipline during class time• Possibility to have lunch in school• Extracurricular activities• Graduation• High school diploma
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Extracurricular Activities
• Performed by students outside the normal curriculum
• Voluntary• Usually organized by students• First appearance in the 19th century• First activity: literary societies (Harvard & Yale)
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Extracurricular Activities
• Sportso American Footballo Soccero Baseballo Swimmingo Cheerleadingo Basketball etc.
• Clubso Theater clubo Debating societyo Choiro Band etc.
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Homeschooling
• Approx. 1.5 million children (2.9 %)• Moral or religious reasons• Dissatisfaction with academic
instruction • Effective teaching; individual• To avoid negative social pressure
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High School Names• Prominent names
o Kennedy High SchooloCanyon High SchooloBen Franklin High School
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Types of High Schools
• Can be sub classed ino Magnet High Schoolo College preparatory High Schoolo Special High School
• Offer classes for advanced students• General education for average students• Remedial courses for those who are struggling
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Overview: Higher Education
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Higher Education• 30/45 highest-ranked institutions in the U.S• Undergraduate: e.g. BA• (Post)graduate: e.g. MA, Ph.D.
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• More than 4,400 universities and colleges
• Decentralized system • Public universities administered by
individual States
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Higher Education: General Information
• University & college
• Institute (e.g. MIT)
• Union (e.g. Cooper Union)
• School (e.g. Julliard School)
• Academy (e.g. United States
Military Academy)
• Conservatory (e.g. New England
Conservatory)
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“College” versus “University”: Etymology• Collegium: club/ society under a common set of
rules• Universitas magistrorum et scholarium:
community of teachers and scholars
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• Degree-awarding tertiary educational institution
• Institution within a university
• Vocational School
• Secondary School
“College” in English-Speaking Countries
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Two-Year College• Associate’s degree• Before 1970, all “junior colleges”• Today:
o “junior colleges” = private o “community colleges” = public
(students of local community, with supports)
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Four-Year College• Bachelor’s degree:
o Bachelor of Arts (B.A.)
o Bachelor of Science (B.S.)
• Curriculum on liberal arts (versus vocational): “liberal arts
colleges”
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Vocational School• Also called “trade/ career school” or
VET (Vocational Educational Training) • Skills for a particular job• Training, not education
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Residential College• e.g. Oxford, Harvard
• In the U.S.: housing system
• In the UK: both academic and residential
functions
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University• Undergraduate and graduate education• Core: undergraduate colleges with liberal arts
curriculum => bachelor’s degree
• Graduate schools (both teaching and research)• Divided in colleges/ schools/ faculties (e.g. School of
Law)
• Some universities = “colleges” (historical reasons)• Different use of the terms among states• Example: Georgia, 1996:
o 4-year institutions (“colleges”) => “universities”o “vocational technology schools” => “technical
colleges”
But…
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Acronyms you should know…
• B.A. = Bachelor of Arts / M.A. = Master of Arts• B.S. = Bachelor of Science / M.S. = Master of
Science• M.B.A. = Master of Business Administration• M.F.A. = Master of Fine Arts• Ph.D. = Doctor of Philosophy (Philosophiae
Doctor)• M.D. = Doctor of Medicine (Medicinae Doctor)• D.V.M. = Doctor of Veterinary Medicine • Phar.D.. = Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharmaciae
Doctor)• J.D. = Doctor of Law (Juris Doctor)The American School System
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Tuition Fees• Charged almost everywhere, except:o5 federally sponsored service
academies;ofew tuition-free institution (e.g.
Webb Institute)• Lower at public universities
(subsidies) • Cheaper for local students• Scholarships, student loans or grants
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Tuition fees
Most Prestigious Universities
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Harvard
University• Cambridge,
Massachusetts • since 1639• 2011-12:
o $ 36,305 for tuition o $ 52,652 for tuition,
room, board and fees combined
Princeton University
• Princeton, New Jersey
• Since 1746• 2012-13:
o $ 38,650 for tuition
o $ 54,780 in total
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Overview:Comparison to Germany and the UK
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USA – Germany
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Education in the United Kingdom
A-Level
First School
Middle School
Upper SchoolGCSE
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Grades
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Percentage Letter Numerical
90%–100% A 4.0
80%–89% B 3.0
70%–79% C 2.0
60%–69% D 1.0
59% and below E / F 0.0
Chromatic variants, represented by + and −, are commonly used. They are usually represented as being 0.3 higher and lower than the normal. (e.g., B = 3.0, B+ = 3.3, B− = 2.7)
Academic grading in the United States
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USA Average: 12.000 –
16.000 US$ p.a. Range:2.000 US$
(community college)
up to 40.000 US$ (most prestigious universities) p.a.
UK Scotland:
£2700 for 4 years England, Northern
Ireland and Wales: up to £ 9.000 p.a
(effective since 2012)
Germany No tuition fees in
most States In Bavaria, Baden-
Württemberg and Lower Saxony:
Up to 1000 Euro p.a.:
Tuition Fees
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Postgraduate Tuition Fee(Master)
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In Malaysia, primary education and secondary education make up 11 years of free education.
Malaysia Education System
The admission age to the first of primary education is seven. Primary schooling is mandatory to all children between the ages of 7 and 12.
Students sit for common public examinations at the end of primary, lower secondary and upper secondary levels.
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While in United States of America (USA), US children enter the schooling system at the age five.
The ninth, through twelfth grades, are most commonly referred to as high school. Upon completion of twelfth grade (aged 17-18), American students are awarded a certificate called the high school diploma.
The first year at school is called kindergarten. It is required of all American children enrolled in the America education system. The second year at school is considered the first year of primary school and is referred to as first grade.
Upon completion of fifth grade (the last year of primary school at age 10-11), American children then advance to secondary school. Secondary school most commonly consists of a total of seven years, referred to as sixth through twelfth grades
In the American education system, students must obtain a high school diploma before they are admitted into college or university.
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REFFERENCES:
1. Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States
2. Wikipediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Malaysia
3. Blog:Studymode by Faizmailhttp://www.studymode.com/essays/The-Comparison-Between-Education-System-In-48898074.html
4. Journal article: Problems Facing American Educationhttp://www.nationalforum.com/Electronic%20Journal%20Volumes/Boyer,%20Ashley%20Problems%20Facing%20American%20Education.pdf
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SHARING PART
OPINION
Q & A