SYSTEMIC AMEBICIDES

EMETINE DEHYDROEMETINE

MECHANISMS OF ACTION

Inhibit protein synthesis by blocking chain elongation

Emetine is concentrated in the liver, where it persists for a month after a single dose. It is slowly metabolized and excreted,

and it can accumulate.

INDICATIONSFor treating liver abscesses and

intestinal wall infections caused by

amebae.

CONTRAINDICATIONS The drugs should not be used in

patients with cardiac or renal disease, in young children, or

in pregnancy unless absolutely necessary.

AD

VER

SE

EFF

EC

TS

Pain at the site of injectionTransient nausea

VomitingNeuromuscular weaknessDizzinessRashesCardiotoxicities

RESPONSIBILITIES Should be used cautiously and in reduced

dosage in elderly patients Deep S.C. administration is preferred; I.M. Is

acceptable, but I.V. is contraindicated Pulse rate and blood pressure should be recorded;

Drug use should be discontinued if it produces tachycardia, precipitous fall in blood pressure, neuromuscular symptoms, marked GI effects or considerable weakness

Don’t exceed recommended dose or extend therapy beyond ten days. Bed rest should be imposed during treatment and for several days thereafter.

ECG should be taken before therapy, after fifth dose, upon completion, and 1 week after therapy.

Intake/output should be recorded; odor & consistency of stools and presence of mucus, blood, or other foreign materials

To help prevent reinfestation, teach the patient

the need for good personal hygiene,

especially handwashing technique. Patient should refrain from preparing food until stools are negative.

Drug is very irritating. Avoid contact with eyes

and mucous membranes. Wear gloves and

goggles when preparing injection.