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ALDER REILLY

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Staining: MGGComment: Granulesless segmented neutrophil.

Occurrence in blood: normally not present

NEUTROFILO AGRANULAR


Staining: MGGComment: Band neutrophil leucocyte with dark, very abundant toxic granulation. Also anisocytosis of erythrocytes. Numerous ovalocytes. Normal platelets.

Occurrence in blood: normally not present

Granularity: thick granules, more eosinophilic stained than typical neutrophilicgranularity. Single granules with a tendency to aggregate.

GRANULACIONES TOXICAS


Staining: MGGComment: The arrow points Döhle’s body in the granulocyte. Erythrocytes difficult to assess.

Occurrence in blood: normally not present.

Definition: Dotted inclusions of blue, non-granular cytoplasm in pink cytoplasm of mature neutrophil leucocyte.

CUERPOS DE DÖHLE


Staining: MGGComment: Döhle’s body pointed by the arrow. Also anisocytosis of erythrocytes.

Occurrence in blood: normally not present.

Definition: Dotted inclusions of blue, non-granular cytoplasm in pink cytoplasm of mature neutrophil leucocyte.


Staining: MGGComment: Distinct vacuoles changes in the neutrophilic leucocytes. Two target cells and one ovalocyte are present.

Occurrence: normal mature neutrophil leucocytes may contain single small vacuoles in cytoplasm

VACUOLAS


Staining: MGGComment: Small vacuoles in a neutrophil leucocyte with fine neutrophilic granulation. Also anizocytosis of erythrocytes. A single spherocyte and a polychromatophilic cell are seen.

Occurrence: normal mature neutrophil leucocytes may contain single small vacuoles in cytoplasm

VACUOLAS

NEUTRÓFILO APOPTÓTICO/MUESTRA VIEJA

EOSINÓFILO

EOSINÓFILOS*Tamaño: 14 a 16 um*GRANULOS:*Los gránulos tienen una membrana y un núcleo cristaloide, formado por un centro denso que consiste en un polímero de Proteína Básica Principal (PBP).Tóxica para esquistosoma, trichinellas, cél tumorales y causa injuria en el asma

*Matriz granular: menos compacta.-Tiene la Proteína Catiónica de los Eosinofilos:

alto contenido en arginina y Zn, No tiene actividad bactericida ,pero es una toxina potente para el esquistosoma

-Neurotoxina Derivada de Eosinófilos(NDE)Neurotóxica podría explicar las alteraciones neurológicas que tienen algunos pacientes con hipereosinofilia en el LCR

*Matriz granular:-Peroxidasa de Eo ;resistente al KCN-Colagenasa-Fosfolipasa B yD :anula los fact activ plaq-Beta glucuronidasa-Ribonucleasa-Catepsina-Catalasa-Histaminasa-No poseen FAL ni lisozima

*Otros Gránulos pequeños:Podrían ser de naturaleza lisosómica-Aril sulfatasa: inactiva los péptidos

quimiotácticos-Fosfatasa Acida-Leucotrienos, PAF

*Citoquímica: Glucógeno (+) en el citoplasmaPeroxidasa(+) Sudan(+)

1. polychromatic normoblast 2. pycnotic normoblast 3. band neutrophil 4. neutrophil myelocyte 5. neutrophil metamyelocyte


Staining: MGGComment: Mature eosinophil leucocyte with bi-lobulated nucleus and typical eosinophil granularity.

Occurrence:blood: 2 - 4 %marrow: < 2 %

Nucleoli: not visible

Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: low or very low

Type of chromatin: condensed

Nucleus' shape: lobulated, semicircular

Granularity: abundant eosinophilic (orange-red)

Colour of cytoplasm: pale, covered by granules

Shape of the cell: oval or round

Size of the cell: 15 - 25 m


Staining: MGGComment: Single eosinophil leucocyte with bi-lobulated nucleus. Also anisocytosis of erythrocytes and ovalocytes. Normal platelets.





Nucleus' shape: lobulated, semicircular

Granularity: abundant eosinophilic (orange-red)

Colour of cytoplasm: pale, covered by granules

Shape of the cell: oval or round


BASÓFILOS

BASOFILOS*Tamaño:10um .Gránulos metacromáticos por la

presencia de glucosaminoglicanos, el núcleo es irregularmente lobulado. Poseen receptores para IgE

*GRANULOS: Son gránulos 1º-Peroxidasa-Histamina-Mucoplisacaridos àcidos Heparina-PAF: Activador de la agregación plaquetaria y

liberador de serotonina


Staining: MGGComment: Single basophil leucocyte. Also three schistocytes.

Occurrence:blood: < 1 %marrow: < 1 %



Type of chromatin: condensed, pale

Nucleus' shape: oval shaped in not mature forms; lobular shaped in mature forms

Granularity: very dark, basophilic, granules of various size. The amount varies

Colour of cytoplasm: light-pink, mostly covered by granules and nucleus

Shape of the cell: round or oval


BASOFILO

BASOFILO

MONOCITOS

MONOCITOS

15 A 25 mGRANULACION AUSENTE O MUY

ESCASA CITOPLASMA CON

GRANULACIÓN MUY FINA CROMATINA GLOBOSA

SISTEMA MONONUCLEAR FAGOCITICO

*MONOCITOS*MACROFAGOS-Histiocitos( tejido conectivo)-Macrófagos,alveolares,peritoneales,MO-Celulas Dendríticas-Células de Kupffer-Osteoclasto (hueso)Celulas de Langerhans (piel)

MONOBLASTO

1. myeloblast 2. promyelocyte 3. neutrophil myelocyte 4. proerythroblast 5. pycnotic normoblast 6. polychromatic normoblast7. band neutrophil


Staining: MGGComment: In the picture a monoblast is depicted. Also numerous other maturating cells of granulopiesis are present.

Occurrence:blood: not presentmarrow: < 1 %

Nucleoli: visible, medium or large size, brighter than chromatin, 1 to 3.

Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: high

Type of chromatin: coarse chromatin or clumped

Nucleus' shape: oval, round, sometimes irregular

Granularity: without granules or a few, azurophilic, fine granules

Colour of cytoplasm: blue, usually light

Shape of the cell: oval, sometimes round


MONOBLASTOS

PROMONOCITO

1. myeloblast 2. lymphocyte 3. proerythroblast 4. basophilic normoblast 5. polychromatic normoblast 6. pycnotic normoblast7. neutrophil myelocyte 8. neutrophil metamyelocyte 9. band neutrophil


Staining: MGGComment: The arrow indicates a promonocyte with distinct nucleolus.


Nucleoli: hardly visible, medium or large size; brighter than chromatin, 1 to 3.

Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: moderate


Nucleus' shape: usually irregular


Colour of cytoplasm: light, grey-blue



PROMONOCITO

1. promyelocyte 2. neutrophil myelocyte 3. neutrophil metamyelocyte 4. band neutrophil 5. eosinophil 6. lymphocyte 7. pycnotic normoblast 8. polychromatic normoblast


Staining: MGGComment: Promonocyte in bone marrow. Also numerous other maturating cells of granulopiesis and erythroblasts are present.


Nucleoli: hardly visible, medium or large size; brighter than chromatin, 1 to 3.

Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: moderate




Colour of cytoplasm: light, grey-blue



PROMONOCITOS

1. promyelocyte 2. neutrophil myelocyte 3. neutrophil metamyelocyte 4. band neutrophil 5. segmented neutrophil6. pycnotic normoblast 7. polychromatic normoblast 8. basophilic normoblast 9. lymphocyte 10. eosinophil


Staining: MGGComment: The arrow indicates a monocyte. Also numerous cells of the granulocytic series at different stages of maturation.



Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: moderate or low

Type of chromatin: coarse chromatin, clumped


Granularity: absent or a few, azurophilic, very fine granules

Colour of cytoplasm: grey-blue

Shape of the cell: round, oval or irregular


MONOCITO


Staining: MGGComment: Typical monocyte with abundant purple-blue cytoplasm containing small vacuoles.










MONOCITO


Staining: MGGComment: Monocyte with moderate nucleus-cytoplasmic ratio, intense basophilic staining cytoplasm in some spots and marbled structure of cytoplasm. Numerous platelets with normal granulation.










MONOCITO

MONOCITOS

LINFOCITOS

10 a 15 µm Citoplasma celeste claro No posee gránulos visibles Núcleo con cromatina condensada generalmente excéntrico


Staining: MGGComment: The cell indicated by the arrow is a precursor cell of lymphocytes, photographed within a lymph nodule of the bone marrow. Almost all the surrounding cells belong to the lymphopoiesis.

Occurrence in blood: not present marrow: < 1 %

Nucleoli: visible, small or medium size, brighter than chromatin, 1 to 2.

Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: high

Type of chromatin: homogenous

Nucleus' shape: round

Granularity: not present

Colour of cytoplasm: blue, usually dark

Shape of the cell: round, sometimes oval


Linfoblastos

LINFOBLASTO

PRO LINFOCITO

1. lymphocyte 2. promyelocyte 3. monocyte 4. polychromatic normoblast 5. pycnotic normoblast 6. plasmocyte 7. neutrophil metamyelocyte 8. neutrophil myelocyte


Staining: MGGComment: The indicated lymphocyte is one of three present in the picture.

Occurrence:blood: 25 - 40 %marrow: 5 - 20 %

Nucleoli: invisible, sometimes hardly visible, small, single nucleous

Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: high or very high

Type of chromatin: homogenous, condensed

Nucleus' shape: round or slightly oval


Colour of cytoplasm: blue



LINFOCITO


Staining: MGGComment: Typical small lymphocyte in blood. Also a single schistocyte.

Occurrence:blood: 25 - 40 %marrow: 5 - 20 %

Nucleoli: invisible, sometimes hardly visible, small, single nucleous

Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: high or very high

Type of chromatin: homogenous, condensed

Nucleus' shape: round or slightly oval





LINFOCITO

NO CONFUNDIR!!!!!!!!


Staining: MGGComment: Large granular lymphocyte with typical for the series coarse, azurophilic granularity and clear cytoplasm. Some stomatocytes are also present.

Occurrence blood: < 10 %



Type of chromatin: fine, homogenous

Nucleus' shape: oval, irregular

Granularity: a few, thick azurophilic granules


Shape of the cell: irregular


LINFOCITO GRANDE GRANULAR

LINFOCITOS ACTIVADOS

Mononucleosis

MONONUCLEOSIS


Staining: MGGComment: Lymphoplasmocyte often has irregular shape of the nucleus, dark marbled chromatin and very strong basophilic staining of the cytoplasm. Platelets are normal.


Nucleoli: invisible or hardly visible, single


Type of chromatin: clumped

Nucleus' shape: oval or irregular

Granularity: none

Colour of cytoplasm: deep blue

Shape of the cell: oval


LINFOPLASMOCITO


Staining: MGGComment: Lymphoplasmocyte is an activated B-cell lymphocyte. The morphology of the cell is between lymphocyte and plasma cell (increased volume of cytoplasm, the beginning of appearance of perinuclear halo, strong basophilic staining cytoplasm). Chromatin is not yet typical for plasma cell.


Nucleoli: invisible or hardly visible, single


Type of chromatin: clumped

Nucleus' shape: oval or irregular

Granularity: none

Colour of cytoplasm: deep blue



LINFOPLASMOCITO

PLASMOCITO O CELULA PLASMÁTICA

1. eosinophil 2. neutrophil myelocyte 3. promyelocyte 4. neutrophil metamyelocyte 5. myeloblast 6. polychromatic normoblast


Staining: MGGComment: The arrow indicates a single plasma cell. Besides, most of the cells belong to granulopoiesis.

Occurrence:blood: not presentmarrow: < 3%


Nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio: low



Granularity: none

Colour of cytoplasm: deep-blue with big perinuclear halo, sometimes single vacuole is present



1. neutrophil myelocyte 2. neutrophil metamyelocyte 3. band neutrophil 4. lymphocyte 5. promyelocyte 6. proerythroblast 7. eosinophil


Staining: MGGComment: The arrow indicates a single plasma cell. Besides, most of the cells belong to granulopoiesis.






Granularity: none




PLASMOCITO O CELULA PLASMÁTICA


Staining: MGGComment: Plasma cell in blood with typical perinuclear halo, which is a sign of cell maturation. Also a neutrophilmetamyelocyte is present. Erythrocytes are not suitable for making an assessment.






Granularity: none




PLASMOCITOS

CUERPOS DE RUSSEL-CELULAS MOTT

CUERPOS CRISTALOIDES

ALTERACIONES CUANTITATIVAS

LEUCOPENIA< 3000 GB mm3

CONGÉNITA (KOSTMANN) POR FÁRMACOS ALTERACIONES DE ERITROPOYESIS SESPSIS MALIGNAS RADIOTERAPIA QUIMIOTERAPIA

LEUCOCITOSIS

LEUCOCITOSIS: NEUTROFILIA> 7500/mm3

Fisiológicas: ejercicio, tabaquismo, pospandrial, frío , calor, traumas, náuseas, vómitos, stress psicológico.

Síndrome mieloproliferativo. Inflamación/necrosis: infarto, colagenosis,

neoplasias. Fármacos: corticoides, antiepilépticos. Metabólicas: acidosis, eclampsia. Hemólisis, hemorragia, hipoxia. DBT

Leucocitosis eosinofílica>400/ mm3

Desórdenes alérgicos. Parasitosis. Infecciones agudas: escarlatina, colagenopatías. Afecciones cutáneas: psoriasis, eczemas,

dermatitis. Anomalías hereditarias. Desórdenes GI.

Leucocitosis basofílica

> 100/ mm3 Reacciones de hipersensibilidad Urticaria pigmentosa Colitis ulcerosa Anemia hemolítica Radiaciones LMC Sind. mieloproliferativos

Leucocitosis: monocitosis> 800/mm3

Sind. Mieloproliferativos Mielodisplasias Leucemia aguda Infecciones bacterianas: rickettsias, protozoarios. Colagenosis. Digestivas: colitis ulcerosas Lupus , artritis reumatoidea. Convalescencia de infecciones.

REACCION LEUCEMOIDE > 50.000 GB ASOCIADA A PROCESOS INFECCIOSOS (TBC,

CLOSTRIDIUM), DROGAS (CORTICOIDES, MINOCICLINA), PROCESOS TUMORALES (CSF-GM, IL 3Y6)

EN MO HIPERPLASIA MIELOIDE NORMAL DESVIACIÓN A LA IZQUIERDA DE NATURALEZA POLICLONAL PUEDE AFECTAR GRANULOCITOS, LINFO Y

MONOCITOS SCORE DE FAL-L AUMENTADO DIAG DIFERENCIAL DE LMC Y LNC

35

37

38

36

40

41

39

7 8 9 10 11 12 13654321

25

20

20

15

10

5

25

30

40

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

T°

Nø

LYN

MON-EOS %/ GB mm3

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