air refrigerant 2015

7/23/2019 Air Refrigerant 2015

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MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: AIR REFRIGERATION

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARAFAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

Program : Bachelor Of Engineering ( Hons ) Mechanical Kursus : Thermalfluids lab Kod Kursus : MEC 554 Pensyarah : CIK SITI MARIANA INTI !"SNIE

Laboratory Report

Title

AIR REFRIGERATIO

No Names UiTM No. Signature

1. Usmar Aiman !in A"#ar $%1&'(%1''

$. A#ma) Na*ui+u))in !in Rasi) $%1&,%$-(,

&. A#ma) Almi"an !in #e Omar $%1&$-'/1'

'. Aimi 0in E"ani $%1&$1$-1$

-.A#ma) ani22 ilmu))in !in Mo#)Na3i

$%1&$4'/',

Sessi Amali : Pengesahan S#af :(Tarikh) (T. Tangan)

Penyerahan $a%oran : Pengesahan S#af :(Tarikh) (T. Tangan)

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Contents1.0 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................4

1.1 The Evaporator......................................................................................................................4

1.2 The Compressor.....................................................................................................................5

1.3 The Condenser.......................................................................................................................5

1.4 The Expansion a!ve.............................................................................................................5

1.5 The Re"ri#erant......................................................................................................................$

2.0 O%&ECTIE..............................................................................................................................$

3.0 T'EORETIC() %(C*+ROUND...........................................................................................$

3.1 The apor Compression C,-!e..............................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................................./

4.0 ROCEDURE..........................................................................................................................11

4.1 ((R(TU.......................................................................................................................11

4.2 EERIENT() ROCEDURE......................................................................................12

5.0 D(T( (N()I...................................................................................................................14

5.1 D(T( T(%U)(TION.........................................................................................................14

5.2 ()E C()CU)(TION.................................................................................................1$

a Re"ri#erant mass "!o6 rate 78#9s................................................................................1$

: Evaporator -oo!in# !oad ;


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1.0 INTRODUCTION

Refrigerant is use !ie"# in $ari%us a&&"i'ati%ns fr%( inustria" t%%(esti' situati%ns) (ain"# f%r t*e st%rage an trans&%rt %f &eris*a+"e

f%%stu,s an '*e(i'a" su+stan'es- It *as t*e &ri(e fun'ti%n t% re(%$e *eatfr%( a "%! te(&erature regi%n) an it 'an a"s% +e a&&"ie as a *eat &u(& f%rsu&&"#ing *eat t% a regi%n %f *ig* te(&erature- If a *%t 'u& %f '%,ee is&"a'e %n a ta+"e an "ea$e it f%r a !*i"e) t*e *eat in t*e '%,ee !%u" +etransferre t% t*e (ateria"s in '%nta't !it* t*e '%,ee su'* as t*e 'u&) t*eta+"e an t*e surr%uning air- As t*e *eat is transferre) t*e '%,ee in ti(e'%%"s- Using t*e sa(e &rin'i&"e) refrigerati%n !%r.s +# re(%$ing *eat fr%( a&r%u't an transferring t*at *eat t% t*e %utsie air-

REFRIGERATION S/STEM COM0ONENTS

T*ere are 1$e +asi' '%(&%nents %f a refrigerati%n s#ste() t*ese are:2 E$a&%rat%r2 C%(&ress%r2 C%nenser2 E3&ansi%n a"$e2 Refrigerant t% '%nu't t*e *eat fr%( t*e &r%u't

In %rer f%r t*e refrigerati%n '#'"e t% %&erate su''essfu""# ea'* '%(&%nent(ust +e &resent !it*in t*e refrigerati%n s#ste(-

1.1 The Evaporator

T*e &ur&%se %f t*e e$a&%rat%r is t% re(%$e un!ante *eat fr%( t*e &r%u't)$ia t*e "i6ui refrigerant- T*e "i6ui refrigerant '%ntaine !it*in t*ee$a&%rat%r is +%i"ing at a "%!2&ressure- T*e "e$e" %f t*is &ressure iseter(ine +# t!% fa't%rs-

7- T*e rate at !*i'* t*e *eat is a+s%r+e fr%( t*e &r%u't t% t*e "i6ui

refrigerant in t*e e$a&%rat%r-8- T*e rate at !*i'* t*e "%!2&ressure $a&%r is re(%$e fr%( t*e e$a&%rat%r +#

t*e '%(&ress%r-

T% ena+"e t*e transfer %f *eat) t*e te(&erature %f t*e "i6ui refrigerant (ust+e "%!er t*an t*e te(&erature %f t*e &r%u't +eing '%%"e- On'etransferre) t*e "i6ui refrigerant is ra!n fr%( t*e e$a&%rat%r +# t*e'%(&ress%r $ia t*e su'ti%n "ine- 9*en "ea$ing t*e e$a&%rat%r '%i" t*e "i6uirefrigerant is in $a&%r f%r(-

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1.2 The Compressor

T*e &ur&%se %f t*e '%(&ress%r is t% ra! t*e "%!2te(&erature) "%!2&ressure $a&%r fr%( t*e e$a&%rat%r $ia t*e su'ti%n "ine- On'e ra!n) t*e$a&%r is '%(&resse- 9*en $a&%r is '%(&resse it rises in te(&erature-T*eref%re) t*e '%(&ress%r transf%r(s t*e $a&%r fr%( a "%!2te(&erature$a&%r t% a *ig*2te(&erature $a&%r) in turn in'reasing t*e &ressure- T*e$a&%r is t*en re"ease fr%( t*e '%(&ress%r in t% t*e is'*arge "ine-

1.3 The Condenser

T*e &ur&%se %f t*e '%nenser is t% e3tra't *eat fr%( t*e refrigerant t%t*e %utsie air- T*e '%nenser is usua""# insta""e %n t*e reinf%r'e r%%f %ft*e +ui"ing) !*i'* ena+"es t*e transfer %f *eat- Fans (%unte a+%$e t*e'%nenser unit are use t% ra! air t*r%ug* t*e '%nenser '%i"s- T*ete(&erature %f t*e *ig*2&ressure $a&%r eter(ines t*e te(&erature at !*i'*t*e '%nensati%n +egins- As *eat *as t% %! fr%( t*e '%nenser t% t*e air)t*e '%nensati%n te(&erature (ust +e *ig*er t*an t*at %f t*e air usua""#+et!een 2 78;C an 27;C- T*e *ig*2&ressure $a&%r !it*in t*e '%nenser ist*en '%%"e t% t*e &%int !*ere it +e'%(es a "i6ui refrigerant %n'e (%re)

!*i"st retaining s%(e *eat- T*e "i6ui refrigerant t*en %!s fr%( t*e'%nenser in t% t*e "i6ui "ine-

1.4 The Expansion Vave

9it*in t*e refrigerati%n s#ste() t*e e3&ansi%n $a"$e is "%'ate at t*een %f t*e "i6ui "ine) +ef%re t*e e$a&%rat%r- T*e *ig*2&ressure "i6ui rea'*est*e e3&ansi%n $a"$e) *a$ing '%(e fr%( t*e '%nenser- T*e $a"$e t*enreu'es t*e &ressure %f t*e refrigerant as it &asses t*r%ug* t*e %ri1'e) !*i'*is "%'ate insie t*e $a"$e- On reu'ing t*e &ressure) t*e te(&erature %f t*e

refrigerant a"s% e'reases t% a "e$e" +e"%! t*e surr%uning air- T*is "%!2&ressure) "%!2te(&erature "i6ui is t*en &u(&e in t% t*e e$a&%rat%r-

1.! The Re"ri#erant

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T*e t#&e %f refrigerant use !i"" e&en %n t*e &ressure 'a&a+i"ities %ft*e s#ste( an t*e te(&eratures t*at *a$e t% +e a'*ie$e uringrefrigerati%n-

2.0 O$%ECTIVE

T% in$estigate t*e $ariati%n %f C%e %f a

$a&%r '%(&ressi%n refrigerati%n s#ste( at i,erent '%%"ing "%a-

T% in$estigate t*e e,e't %f '%%"ing (eiu( %n t*e a$erage

refrigerati%n CO0-

T% unerstan t*e ter( "%a an e3a(&"es %f a'tua" "%as in

refrigerati%n &ra'ti'e in a %(esti' frige) r%%( an fa't%r#-

3.0 T&EORETIC'($'C)*ROUND

( re"ri#eration -,-!e 6or8s to !o6er and maintain the temperat>re o" a

-ontro!!ed spa-e :, heat trans"er "rom a !o6 to a hi#h temperat>re re#ion.

5

'i#h temperat>re Reservoir; T'

?H

?net

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Re"ri#eration d>t, is another term "or the -oo!in# e""e-t o" the re"ri#eration s,stem; 6hi-h is the

rate o" heat :ein# removed "rom the !o6 temperat>re re#ion 6ith spe-i"ied evaporation and

-ondensation temperat>res. The >nit "or @d>t,A meas>rements is in ?atts 7"or 1 ton o"

re"ri#eration B 351?

3.1 The Vapor Compression C+,e

Idea! re"ri#eration s,stems "o!!o6 the theoreti-a! Reserved Carnot C,-!e pro-ess. Inpra-ti-a! re"ri#erators; -ompression and expansion o" a #as and vapor mixt>re presents pra-ti-a!

pro:!ems in the -ompressor and expander. There"ore; in pra-ti-a! re"ri#eration; -ompression

>s>a!!, ta8es p!a-e in the s>perheated -ondition and a thrott!in# pro-ess is s>:stit>ted "or the

isentropi- expansion.

$

?L

)o6 Temperat>re Reservoir; T)


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8/18


/


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The -,-!e

1 2 Condensation o" the hi#h press>re vapor d>rin# 6hi-h heat is trans"erred to the

hi#h temperat>re re#ion.2 3 (dia:ati- thrott!in# o" the -ondensed vapor "rom the -ondensin# to the

evaporatin# press>re.3 4 Evaporation o" the !o6 press>re !i>id d>rin# 6hi-h heat is a:sor:ed "rom the

!o6 temperat>re so>r-e.

4 1 Isentropi- -ompression o" the vapor; "rom the evaporatin# to the -ondensin#

press>res.

Energy Transfers Analysis

!o"pressor

#1F2 B h2 h1 G 61F2I" -ompression is adia:ati-; $1F2 B 0; and %1F2 B h&'hB %ampo6er re>irement; * M (h&+h); 6here Mis the "!o6 rate o" 6or8in# "!>id per >nittime.

!on,enser


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4.0 -ROCEDURE

4.1 '--'R'TU

10


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4.2 E/-ERIENT'( -ROCEDURE

1. Condenserater and evaporatorater

a- 9ater is se"e'te as a *eat s%ur'e an $a"$es AS24 an AS25 are%&ene- T*en @START +utt%n is '"i'.e-

+- T*e !ater %! rate is auste at t*e '%nenser t% 5 L( an L(at t*e e$a&%rat%r =e$a&%rat%r "%a>-'- T*en @COM0RESSOR +utt%n is '"i'.e-- 9*en t*e s#ste( is sta+i"ie) t*e ata is re'%re +# '"i'. @STARTSAING +utt%n-

e- T*e sa(&"ing rate at 78 se'%n &er sa(&"e is set-f- T*e ata is re'%re f%r si3 (inutes = sa(&"es se'%n>- T*en@STO0 SAING +utt%n is '"i'.e-g- T*en e$a&%rat%r "%a is in'rease t% 5 L( an ste& ='> t% ste& =f>

are re&eate-

2. Condenserater and evaporatorair

a- Air is se"e'te as a *eat s%ur'e an $a"$es AS2 an AS25 are%&ene- T*en @START +utt%n is '"i'.e-

+- T*e !ater %! rate is auste at t*e '%nenser t% 5 L( an t*e air%! %f t*e e$a&%rat%r is auste unti" 5 %f t*e (a3i(a" %!=e$a&%rat%r "%a>-

'- T*en '"i'. @COM0RESSOR +utt%n is '"i'.e-

- 9*en t*e s#ste( is sta+i"ie) t*e ata is re'%re +# '"i'. @STARTSAING +utt%n-

e- T*e sa(&"ing rate at 78 se'%n &er sa(&"e is set-

f- T*e ata is re'%re f%r si3 (inutes = sa(&"es se'%n>- T*en@STO0 SAING +utt%n is '"i'.e-

g- T*en e$a&%rat%r "%a is in'rease t% 7 an ste& ='> t% ste& =f>are re&eate-

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3. Condenserair and evaporatorair

a- Air is se"e'te as a *eat s%ur'e an $a"$es AS2 an AS2 are%&ene- T*en @START +utt%n is '"i'.e-+- T*e air %! %f t*e '%nenser is auste t% (a3i(u( %! =7>an 5 %f t*e (a3i(a" %! at t*e e$a&%rat%r =e$a&%rat%r "%a>-

'- T*en @COM0RESSOR +utt%n is '"i'.e-

- 9*en t*e s#ste( is sta+i"ie) t*e ata is re'%re +# '"i'. @STARTSAING +utt%n-

e- T*e sa(&"ing rate at 78 se'%n &er sa(&"e is set-



4. Condenserair and evaporatorair

a- Air is se"e'te as a *eat s%ur'e an $a"$es AS2 an AS2 are%&ene- T*en @START +utt%n is '"i'.e-

+- T*e air %! %f t*e '%nenser is auste t% (a3i(u( %! =7>an 5 %f t*e (a3i(a" %! at t*e e$a&%rat%r =e$a&%rat%r "%a>-

'- T*en @COM0RESSOR +utt%n is '"i'.e-

- 9*en t*e s#ste( is sta+i"ie) t*e ata is re'%re +# '"i'. @START

SAING +utt%n-e- T*e sa(&"ing rate at 78 se'%n &er sa(&"e is set-



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!.0 D'T' 'N'(I

!.1 D'T' T'$U('TION

E3&

SC27=L*>

ref

= m3

s>

S028=.0a>

8

= m3

.g>

Mref=.gs>

*=.J.g>

*4=.J.g>

=*42*>=.J.g>

?e$aS927=9>

S927=9>7

a

8K-

K-KE274-

8-7

-K87

5-K5 884 7K-878-4

4K8-4 -4K8

8

8K-

K-KKE278-

7-7

-K4

48-8888-

K7K7K-4

78-K

4KK-7 -4KK8

7-

-8E2 - -74-87

K4-8

88-

7- 5-58 45-K -47

A$erage CO08

-K 8-4E2 5- -77-84K

57K-K5 848 885-85 5-47 K-7 -K

7

--E

5- -77

-

7K-K5 848 885-85 - -4 -

--E

5- -77

-

7K-K5 848 885-85 - 7-57 -8

A$erage CO04

+

-K

-55E2887-

-K-7

878-8K7-

57-8 -55 44-7 -44

-K4

-54E287K-

-8K

-74

874-8 8K7 575- -54 4-48 -4

-

-48E287-

-848

-78

874-K8K-

575-7 -5 47-7 -48

A$erage CO0

8-7

-8E2877-

-484

-

87-8K-

K577- -5 47- -48

7-7

-4E2885-

-K88-7

8778K77-

K

58-K -5K 4K-5 -4

7-5

-K7E288-

-KKK

-77

87-78K7-

7585 -5 4-5 -47

A$erage CO0

8-7

-E2 87-

-7K -

87- 8K7-8

57-4 -57 4K4-45 -4K4

13


14/18


'

-K

-54E287-

-755

-75

87-48K7-

457K -54 4KK-77 -4KK

-8K

-47E2877-

-484

-7

87-8K-

K577- -57 4K-8 -4K

A$erage CO0

7-7

-E287-

-57

-74

875-8K-

757-8 -5 4K4- -4K5

-7

-88E284-

-K4K8

-787

87K-8K7-

458-7 - 44-K -45

4-

-45E2845-

-K84

-78

878K75-

558-5 - 4- -4

A$erage CO0

8-

-8E2887-

-7

-K87

57-85878-

7K4-5

7-75

4K5-4 -4K58

8-77

-E284-

-7

-K85

5K-87-

78-44

78-K8

4-K -4K8

8-K

K-E28-

-7

-K5

5-K88-

87-5

78-K58

4K-K -48

A$erage CO0 8

-

-4E287-

-7

-K848

57K87-

47K-4

7-847

4K5- -4K8

8-

-7E2874-

-7

-K84

57-4875-

577-

7-75K

4K8-8 -4K8

8-

-75E287-

-7

-K4

57-887-

47-8

78-8

4K4-5 -4K58

A$erage CO08

!.2 '-(E C'(CU('TION

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%ased on experiment D at 120 to 3$0 6ith evaporator !oad 5 )9m

a Re"ri#erant mass 5o rate 67#8s

mref BVref

V2

B8.15X10

6

0.007669

B23224556

9 Evaporator ,ooin# oad : ;evap

Qevap B mref(h4h3)

B 0.00$$7213.4 513.2

B &3775

, Coe


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27.9143+29.8421+27.1556

3

2=.>3=3

1$


17/18


>.0

DICUION

=.0

CONC(UION1


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?.0 RE@ERENCE

1. Cen#e! J %o!es.72013. EC 551 Therma! En#ineerin#. Thermodynamics : AnEngineering Approach, Seventh Edition in S !nits. Chapter 14 +asFapor ixt>res and

(irFConditionin#.p# 1F2$. -+ra6F'i!! Ed>-ation 7(sia.

2. Chris %ede.72013.A"tomotive Air #onditioning Systems. (rti-!e retrieve "rom

666.-arparts.-om9-!assroom9a-1.htm on O-to:er 4; 2013.

3. (! Nimr J . NaHi.72002.A $ove% S"mmer Air #onditioning System. (rti-!e retrieve "rom

http99666.s-ien-edire-t.-om9s-ien-e9arti-!e9pii901$/0401001352 on O-to:er 4; 2013

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air refrigerant 2015

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