aim: how does the endocrine system achieve regulation?
DESCRIPTION
AIM: How does the Endocrine System achieve regulation?. DO NOW:. Define regulation. HW:. Textbook pgs. Pgs621 -627 p. 621 vocab and Q’s 1-4. WHAT IS REGULATION ?. COORDINATION & CONTROL OF LIFE ACTIVITIES. ACHIEVED BY BOTH: ENDOCRINE & NERVOUS SYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Define regulation.
Textbook pgs. Pgs621 -627 p. 621 vocab and Q’s 1-4
COORDINATION & COORDINATION & CONTROLCONTROL OF LIFE ACTIVITIES.
ACHIEVED BY BOTH:BOTH: ENDOCRINE & NERVOUS ENDOCRINE & NERVOUS SYSTEMSSYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER
CONSIST OF GLANDSGLANDS WORK TOGETHER
TO MAINTAIN STABLE INTERNAL BALANCE. How??How??
PERMIT ANIMALS TO RESPOND TO INTERNAL and EXTERNAL CHANGES.
are glands that secrete their
product directly into the
bloodstream rather than through a duct
Are chemical messengers that carries a signal from one cell (or group of cells) to another via the blood
Hormones regulate the function of their target cells
A hormone receptor is a receptor protein on the surface of a cell or in its interior that binds to a specific hormone
Textbook pgs. 621-625 vocab and Q’s 1-4
A characteristic of hormones and enzymes that allows them to work effectively with other organic molecules is their
specific shape small size concentration of carbon and hydrogen atoms high-energy bonds
Which substances are found on cell surfaces and respond to nerve and hormone signals?
starches and simple sugars subunits of DNA vitamins and minerals receptor molecules
1. OVERALL METABOLISM1. OVERALL METABOLISM
2. MAINTENANCE OF 2. MAINTENANCE OF HOMEOSTASISHOMEOSTASIS
3. GROWTH3. GROWTH
4. REPRODUCTION4. REPRODUCTION
ENDOCRINE
GLANDS
is located just above the brain stem
Controls the pituitary gland
The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, thirst, fatigue and anger
CALLED THE “MASTER MASTER GLANDGLAND”
MAKES HORMONES THAT MAKES HORMONES THAT INFLUENCE OTHER GLANDSINFLUENCE OTHER GLANDS
LOCATED AT BASE OF THE BRAIN
about the size of a peaThe pituitary gland secretes hormones regulating homeostasis
1.Growth hormone 2.Prolactin - to stimulate milk
production after giving birth 3.ACTH (adrenocorticotropic
hormone) - to stimulate the adrenal glands
4. TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) - to stimulate the thyroid gland
5. FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) - to stimulate the ovaries and testes
6. LH (luteinizing hormone) - to stimulate the ovaries or testes
7. Oxytocin –stimulates the contractions of the uterus during birth
Located between the larynx & the trachea
The thyroid is one of the largest endocrine glands in the body
The thyroid controls how quickly the body burns energy (called _________), makes proteins, and how sensitive the body should be to other hormones
metabolism
1.Thyroxin2.Calcitonin
REGULATES THE REGULATES THE RATE OF RATE OF
METABOLISM IN METABOLISM IN THE BODYTHE BODY
REGULATES THE BLOOD CALCIUMCALCIUM LEVEL
PATCHES OF TISSUE EMBEDDED IN PATCHES OF TISSUE EMBEDDED IN THE THYROID GLANDTHE THYROID GLAND
producesparathormoneREGULATES CALCIUMCALCIUM & PHOSPHATE & PHOSPHATE METABOLISMMETABOLISM
SIT ON TOP OF THE KIDNEYS
They are chiefly responsible for regulating the stress response
Hormones Produced:
Cortisol and Adrenaline
Complete matching column worksheet
HW: Handout
DAY 2
Epinephrine is a "fight or flight" hormone, and plays a central role in the short-term stress reaction. It is released from the adrenal glands when danger threatens or in an emergency.
It increases blood pressure and blood sugar levels
Nor-epinephrine
Stimulates reverse reaction of epinephrine
Exocrine -> secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine
Endocrine -> secretes hormones into the bloodstream
The pancreas is a gland/ organ in the digestive and endocrine system
Contains cells calledIslets of Langerhans
CONTROLS CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM
THIS SECRETION IS CONTROLLED BY THE CONCENTRATION OF CONCENTRATION OF GLUCOSE IN THE BLOODGLUCOSE IN THE BLOODDECREASES BLOOD SUGAR DECREASES BLOOD SUGAR LEVELLEVEL
INCREASE BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL
PROMOTES THE CONVERSION OF STORED SUGAR (GLYCOGEN) TO
GLUCOSE IN THE LIVER
•An ovary is an egg-producing organ found in female organisms. •It is found in pairs as part of the female reproductive system. •Ovaries in females are homologous to testes in males.
Stimulates: Stimulates: production of follicles (future egg production of follicles (future egg cells)cells)
onset of secondary sex onset of secondary sex characteristics (characteristics (broaden hips & broaden hips &
breasts)breasts)
Works with Estrogen to REGULATE the female menstrual Cycle
•Located outside the body cavity in the scrotum•Functions -
Production of sperm cellsProduction of male hormone
>>>>>
Stimulates the male reproductive system onset of secondary sex
characteristicsEx. Deeper Voice & Facial Hair
Handout
Endocrine system handout (feed back mechanism)
A feedback mechanism is a process where the level of one substance or activity of an organ/structure influences another substance or structure in some manner.
Dynamic equilibrium or homeostasis results from the ability of organisms to detect and respond to stimuli.
Temperature Homeostasis
Humans maintain a relatively constant body temperature of about 37° C.
•when we "heat up" we sweat if possible •the evaporation of this perspiration returns the body to its original temperature •When we are too cold we shiver
Homeostasis by Plants
Maintenance of Water
Do Now: review book
HW: Castle learning (Endocrine system)
When there is not enough of a particular hormone being
secreted creating a deficiency
Undersecretion
A release of an excessive amount of a particular hormone
Oversecretion
(ak–ro–MEG–ah–lee): Disorder in which the pituitary overproduces
growth hormone, resulting in abnormal enlargement of the
extremities—nose, jaw, fingers, and toes; in children, the disorder
produces gigantism.
Women’s hands withAn Endocrine disorderCalled agromegaly.
NormalWomen’s Hand
Disorder in children in which the pituitary
overproduces growth hormone, resulting in
abnormal enlargement of the extremities (nose, jaw, fingers, and toes) and the long bones,
causing unusual height.
Robert Wadlow 8’ 11”
LeonidStadnyk8’ 5”
Bao Xishun 7’ 9” He Pingping 2’ 4”
condition of growth retardation resulting in abnormally short adult stature and caused by a variety of hereditary and
metabolic disorders.
“dwarf” was used to describe individuals with disproportions of body and limb, while “midget” referred to those of reduced stature but normal proportions; today neither word is used, the term “little people” is widely accepted
Hyperthyroidism: Disorder in which an
overactive thyroid produces too much thyroxine, which
causes….
a swelling in the neck due to an enlarged thyroid gland.
(just below Adam's apple or larynx)
(die–ah–BEE–teez MUL–le–tus): Disorder in which the body's cells
cannot absorb glucose, either because the pancreas does not
produce enough insulin or the cells do not respond to the effects of
insulin that is produced.
Type 1, Type 2, Gestational Diabetes
TYPE 1 – “Juvenile”an autoimmune disease in which pancreatic cells are destroyed
TYPE 2 – “Adult Onset”Insulin resistance in target cells
GESTATIONAL – “pregnancy”Insulin resistance due to hormonal changes