Define regulation.

Textbook pgs. Pgs621 -627 p. 621 vocab and Q’s 1-4

COORDINATION & CONTROLCOORDINATION & CONTROL OF LIFE ACTIVITIES.

ACHIEVED BY BOTH:BOTH: ENDOCRINE & NERVOUS ENDOCRINE & NERVOUS SYSTEMSSYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER

CONSIST OF GLANDS

Glands work together to maintain a stable internal balance

Permits animals to repsond to both

internal and external

change.

Structures that secrete their hormones directly into the bloodstream rather than through a

duct (tube)

Are chemical messengers that carries a signal from one cell (or group of cells) to another via the blood

Hormones regulate the function of their target

cells.

A hormone receptor is a receptor protein on the surface of a cell or in its interior that binds to a specific hormone

Textbook pgs. 621-625 vocab and Q’s 1-4

A characteristic of hormones and enzymes that allows them to work effectively with other organic molecules is their

1. specific shape

2. small size

3. concentration of carbon and hydrogen atoms

4. high-energy bonds

Which substances are found on cell surfaces and respond to nerve and hormone signals?

1. starches and simple sugars

2. subunits of DNA

3. vitamins and minerals

4. receptor molecules

1. OVERALL METABOLISM1. OVERALL METABOLISM

2. MAINTENANCE OF 2. MAINTENANCE OF HOMEOSTASISHOMEOSTASIS

3. GROWTH3. GROWTH

4. REPRODUCTION4. REPRODUCTION

ENDOCRINE

GLANDS

is located just above the brain stem

Controls the pituitary gland

Connection between the nervous and endocrine system

The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, thirst, fatigue and anger

CALLED THE “MASTER GLANDMASTER GLAND” Makes hormones that INFLUENCE Makes hormones that INFLUENCE other glandsother glands

The pituitary gland secretes hormones regulating homeostasis

1.Growth hormone

1.Prolactin - to stimulate milk production after giving birth

1.ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) - to stimulate the adrenal glands

4. TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) - to stimulate the thyroid gland

5. FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) - to stimulate the ovaries and testes

6. LH (luteinizing hormone) - to stimulate the ovaries or testes

7. Oxytocin –stimulates the contractions of the uterus during birth

Located between the larynx & the trachea

Controls your metabolism

The thyroid controls how quickly the body burns energy (_________), makes proteins,

and controls the bodies sensitivity to other hormones

metabolism

1.Thyroxin: regulate metabolism2.Calcitonin: regulates calcium levels

PATCHES OF TISSUE EMBEDDED IN THE PATCHES OF TISSUE EMBEDDED IN THE THYROID GLANDTHYROID GLAND

producesparathormone

Regulates CALCIUMCALCIUM & PHOSPHATE & PHOSPHATE

metabolismmetabolism

Complete matching column worksheet

HW: Handout

DAY 2

SIT ON TOP OF THE KIDNEYS

They are chiefly responsible for regulating the stress response

Hormones Produced:

Cortisol and Adrenaline

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnESQpvxXd8

A.K.A. Epinephrine is a "fight or flight" hormone

plays a

central role in the short-term stress reaction.

*

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J-qQbIiOtYM

Noradrenaline A.K.A.

Norepinephrine Works with adrenaline (epinephrine) to increases blood pressure, heart rate, blood sugar levels and respiration in a high stress situation

Fact: both can act as a hormone and/or neurotransmitter…

Exocrine -> secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine Endocrine -> secretes hormones into the bloodstream

The pancreas contains cells called

Islets of Langerhans

CONTROLS CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM

This secretion is controlled by the concentration of concentration of GLUCOSE in the bloodGLUCOSE in the blood

DECREASES blood sugar levelsDECREASES blood sugar levels

Increase blood sugar levels Promotes the conversion of

stored SUGAR (GLYCOGEN) TO GLUCOSE in the liver.

•An ovary is an egg-producing organ found in female organisms. •found in pairs as part of the female reproductive system. •Ovaries in females are homologous to testes in males.

Stimulates: Stimulates: production of follicles production of follicles (future egg cells)(future egg cells)

onset of secondary sex onset of secondary sex characteristics (characteristics (broaden hips broaden hips & & breasts)breasts)

Works with Estrogen to REGULATE the female menstrual Cycle

Located outside the body cavity in the scrotum

Functions – Production of sperm cellsProduction of male hormone >>>>>

Stimulates the male reproductive system onset of secondary sex characteristics

Ex. Deeper Voice & Facial Hair

Handout

Endocrine system handout (feed back mechanism)

  

Dynamic equilibrium or homeostasis results from the ability of organisms to detect and respond to stimuli.

Feedback mechanism A process where the level of one substance or activity of an organ/structure influences another substance or structure in some manner to maintain homeostasis.

Temperature Homeostasis

Humans maintain a relatively constant body temperature of about 37° C.

•when we "heat up" we sweat if possible •the evaporation of this perspiration returns the body to its original temperature •When we are too cold we shiver

                                                   

                            

Homeostasis by Plants

                                                       

Maintenance of WaterGuard cells open and close the stomata

Positive vs. Negative Feedback

Positive Feedback Negative Feedback

Amplification(increase)

Stabilization

Birth of a baby (contractions)

Body temperature

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CLv3SkF_Eag

Do Now: review book

HW: Castle learning (Endocrine system)

When there is not enough of a particular hormone being

secreted creating a deficiency

Undersecretion

A release of an excessive amount of a particular

hormoneOversecretion

(ak–ro–MEG–ah–lee): Disorder in adults which the pituitary overproduces growth

hormone, resulting in abnormal enlargement of the

extremities—nose, jaw, fingers, and toes; in children, the disorder produces gigantism.

Women’s hands withAn Endocrine disorderCalled agromegaly.

NormalWomen’s Hand

Disorder in children in which the pituitary

overproduces growth hormone, resulting in abnormal enlargement of the extremities (nose, jaw, fingers, and toes) and the long bones, causing unusual height.Robert Wadlow 8’ 11”

LeonidStadnyk8’ 5”

Bao Xishun 7’ 9” He Pingping 2’ 4”

condition of growth retardation resulting in abnormally short adult stature and caused by a variety of hereditary and metabolic disorders.

“dwarf” was used to describe individuals with disproportions of body and limb, while “midget” referred to those of reduced stature but normal proportions; today neither word is used, the term “little people” is widely accepted

Hyperthyroidism: Disorder in which an

overactive thyroid produces too much thyroxine, which

causes….

a swelling in the neck due to an enlarged thyroid

gland.(just below Adam's apple or larynx)

(die–ah–BEE–teez MUL–le–tus): Disorder in which the body's cells cannot absorb glucose, either because the pancreas

does not produce enough insulin or the cells do not respond to the effects of insulin that is produced.

Type 1, Type 2, Gestational Diabetes

TYPE 1 – “Juvenile”an autoimmune disease in which pancreatic cells are destroyed

TYPE 2 – “Adult Onset”Insulin resistance in target cells

GESTATIONAL – “pregnancy”Insulin resistance due to hormonal changes

Feedback mechanisms have evolved that maintain

homeostasis. Describe how homeostasis is maintained

thorough feedback. Identify one feedback mechanism in the body.

Identify other than death one specific result if homeostasis fails in the human body.

Describe how a plant regulates water loss through feedback mechanism that involves guard cells