Agenda for Wednesday Sept 5th • Pretest• Root words• Notebook set-up• Learning Targets• Scientific Method

Learning Targets

• 1-5 scale

Learning Targets

1. I can describe, in order, the five steps of the scientific method.I will understand….a. What occurs in each step of the SM.b. How the steps relate to each other.

3a. What an observation is and how to develop a hypothesis from questioning it.

Questions

What is science?

Why do we do science?

How do we do science?

What occurs in each step of the SM.How the steps relate to each other.What an observation is and how to develop a hypothesis from questioning it.

Why do we do science?

Agenda for Thursday Sept 6th 1.Additional resources for bio2.Scientific method notes3.Lab

Scientific Method• process used to find answers about the world

What occurs in each step of the SM.How the steps relate to each other.What an observation is and how to develop a hypothesis from questioning it.

scientific method

• several versions of the scientific method– Some have more steps, others have only a few– provide an organized method for conducting and

analyzing an experiment

• Begin with a problem or a question to be answered – based on observations

What occurs in each step of the SM.How the steps relate to each other.What an observation is and how to develop a hypothesis from questioning it.

Hypothesis

• An educated guess based on observations and your knowledge of the topic– If, then statement

– If I buy new shoes then I will run faster.

What occurs in each step of the SM.How the steps relate to each other.What an observation is and how to develop a hypothesis from questioning it.

Experiment

• Control group – used for comparison, baseline

• Experimental Group – group that gets tested• 1 factor changes at a time

What occurs in each step of the SM.How the steps relate to each other.What an observation is and how to develop a hypothesis from questioning it.

Experimental Design• Variables – factor that changes in an experiment

• Independent – tested factor, factor you change

• Dependent – what changes when the independent variable changes

• depends on the outcome of the independent variable

• Constant – remains fixed during an experimentWhat occurs in each step of the SM.How the steps relate to each other.What an observation is and how to develop a hypothesis from questioning it.

Data• Information gathered during an experiment

– Qualitative – observations

– Quantitative – numbers

• Analysis of Data– Graphs, error, conclusions– Support hypothesis

What occurs in each step of the SM.How the steps relate to each other.What an observation is and how to develop a hypothesis from questioning it.

List the steps of the scientific method in the correct order.

Agenda for Friday Sept 7th 1. Penny lab2. Go over HW3. Bouncing ball lab

Learning Targets3.

b. How each variable is used in an experiment.c. Constants do not change between trials/experimental and control groups.

5. I can apply the scientific method to solving problems and evaluating the design of an experiment. a. Differences in a well-developed versus a poorly done experiment (experimental design flaws). b. How to identify and improve a poorly designed experiment.

Mr. Novak is working on a science project. His task is to answer the question: "Does Plantgro (a commercial plant product) affect the speed of plant growth".

Q: Describe how Mr. Novak would perform this experiment. Identify the control group, and the independent and dependent variables in your description.

Agenda for Monday Sept 10th 1.Bouncing ball lab2. Interpreting Graphs3.Practice with scientific method

What is quantitative data? Qualitative data?

Agenda for Tuesday Sept 11th 1. Analyze data2. Design pendulum lab3. Practice with scientific method

Learning Targets4. I can analyze both qualitative and quantitative data

(charts, graphs, raw data) to form conclusions about an experiment.

I will understand… a. What qualitative and quantitative data is and how to collect it.b. How to read and interpret charts and graphs (trends).c. How to draw overall conclusions/inferences based on data.

What is the independent variable in your pendulum lab? Dependent?Agenda for Wednesday Sept 12th 1.Finish pendulum lab2.Finish scientific method notes

QUIZ TOMORROW – scientific method

What is a theory?

Agenda for Thursday Sept 13th 1.Quiz2.Notes3.Microscopes

Learning Targets

6. I can define and differentiate between: hypothesis, theory, and law – as well as observations and inferences.

I will understand… a. The definitions of each term (hypothesis, theory, law, observation, inference).b. How to state examples of each term.

Hypotheses, Theories, Laws

• hypothesis – a suggested explanation; • a proposal based on reason that predicts a

possible correlation between multiple phenomena (incidents, events, observations, etc.)

Laws

• law – notes only that something happens;• happens consistently and across the universe• usually simply stated• frequently can be stated mathematicallyExample:• Newton’s 2nd Law: a = f/m

Theories

• theory – notes why something happens;• explains why laws and facts are true• A framework about a class or group of

phenomena• sometimes valuable to predict• Note – Theories are never “proven” – the are

confirmed by overwhelming data; all theories, like all ideas in science, are subject to correction

Evolution as Science Fact

• Evolution – a change in the gene pool of• a population over time• Gene pool – the set of all genes in a• species or population

What evolution is NOT

• A single organism does not change; • The genes it was born with are the genes it

will die with• Evolution does not equal progress or getting

bigger, better, faster – it only means change.• Is not a single line of related organisms

Observations and inferences

• Inference - using observations, prior knowledge/experiences, and details from context to make connections and come up with ideas.

• Deduction – make a conclusion from something known or assumed

Pendulum labProblem: How can you get the most swings in a

minute?

Materials: 12” string and 10 washers