histopathologic techniques pretest

HISTOPATHOLOGY

Name __________________________________________ Rating________________________Schedule _____________________________________ Date of Examination ___________

I.

__________1. Schiff reagent is a basic fuchsin which is a mixture of:A. periodic acid, rosanilin, and magenta IIB. sulfonic acid, magenta II and rosalininC. rosanilin, pararosanilin and magenta IID. rosanilin, pararosanilin and sulfonic acid

__________2. Schiff reagent can be prepared using what method/s?1. Barger and Delamater 3. De Tomasi-Coleman2. Itikawa and Oguru 4. Magenta and SchiffA. 1 and 3 are correct C. 1,2,3 are correctB. 2 and 4 are correct D. all are correct

__________3. In the PAS with diastase method for glycogen demonstration, what is the fixative recommended?A. Orths B. Helly’s C. Bouins D. Carnoy

__________4. The method of choice for glycogen staining:A. PAS C. PAS with diastaseB. Best carmine D. langhan’s Iodine

__________5. In the Best Carmine method for staining glycogen, the counterstain used is:A. Cole hematoxylin C. Harris hematoxylinB. Ehrlich’s hematoxylin D. Lillies hematoxylin

__________6. In the Best Carmine method for staining glycogen, which of the following is/are added to the stock solution to inhibit any non-specific background carmine staining?1. methanol 3. Concentrated ammonia2. potassium carbonate 4. Potassium chlorideA. 1 and 3 are correct C. 1,2,3 are correctB. 2 and 4 are correct D. all are correct

__________7. Using Langhan’s iodine method for glycogen, the glycogen is stained:A. bright red color C. mahogany brownB. blue-black D. yellow

__________8. Which of the following staining methods is not applicable for acid mucopolysaccharides?A. colloidal iron technique C. aldehyde fuchsin stainB. uranyl-nitrate-azure method D. azocarmine stain

__________9. The most useful metachromatic dye for acid mucin is:A. azure A C. alcian blueB. toluidine blue D. basic fuchsin

_________10. Perl’s reagent is consists of:1. 5% hydrochloric acid 3. 5% aqueous potassium ferrocyanide2. 2% hydrochloric acid 4. 2% aqueous potassium ferrocyanideA. 1 and 3 are correct C. 1,2,3 are correctB. 2 and 4 are correct D. all are correct

_________11. The reagent added to Scharlach R to intensify the resulting color and prevents deterioration.A. isopropyl alcohol C. dextrinB. alcohol D. benzoic acid

_________12. What is used as solvent for Oil red O and Sudan black?A. 99% isopropanol C. 70% alcoholB. 60% alcohol D. 95% alcohol

_________13. Lipids may be demonstrated by osmium tetroxide which is also used as a fixative. The unsaturated fats and fatty acids reduces the unstable oxide to for what color?A. red B. green C. black D. yellow

_________14. In the Nile Blue Sulfate method for fats, which of the following statements is correct?A. Its red component, oxazone dissolves phospholipidsB. its blue component is called oxazaneC. the oxazine is basic and reacts with phospholipids and free fatty acids.D. neutral fat is blue and fatty acids are pink

_________15. In the histochemical demonstration of free fatty acids by stains, which of the following do not match?A. Weigert’s lithium hematoxylin: FischlerB. rubeanic acid: HolczingerC. dimethylaminobenzylidine rhodamine: OkamotoD. diaminobenzidine: Bodian and Lake

_________16. This technique involves simultaneous coupling reaction with sodium B-glycerophosphate as the substrate that is hydrolyzed by the enzyme alkaline phosphatase to produce phosphate ions.A. Wachstein and Meisel C. GomoriB. Glenner D. Krajan

_________17. In staining for enzyme activity, which of the following do not match?A. Filipe and Lake: acetylcholinesteraseB. Indoxyl acetate: esterase

C. Tetrazolium: monoamine oxidaseD. a-napththyl acetate: ATPase

_________18. This is the most reliable and specific histochemical staining technique for DNA.A. Methyl green-pyronin technique C. Feulgen techniqueB. May-Grunwald D. Weigert Pal

_________19. In the methyl green-pyronin method which of the following do not match?A. DNA: green C. Plasma cell cytoplasm: purpleB. RNA: blue-green D. lymphocytes: purple

_________20. Which of the following fluorescent staining do not match?A. fluorescein: blue C. rhodamine: orange redB. acridine orange: blue D. acriflavine: yellow

_________21. Which of the following stains do not match?A. Gomori: reticulin C. Van Gieson: CollagenB. Verhoeff’s: elastic D. Lendrum: muscle

_________22. Which of the following is not a stain for collagen?A. Van Gieson C. Krajian Aniline RedB. Masson’s Trichrome D. Azocarmine

_________23. Which of the following is a not a stain for elastic fibers?A. Weigert’s C. Taenzer-Unna OrceinB. Verhoeff’s D. Aniline Blue

_________24. Which of the following is not a component of MSB technique?A. Martius yellow C. Brilliant crystal scarletB. soluble blue C142780 D. 2% aqueous potassium permanganate

_________25. Which of the following is not a component of phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin staining?A. HCl in absolute alcohol C. sulfuric acidB. Glacial acetic acid D. potassium permanganate

________26. The Highman’s Congo Red method for amyloid is consists of:A. 0.2% congo red in 80% alcohol C. 0.5% congo red in 50% alcoholB. 0.5% congo red in 80% alcohol D. 0.2% congo red in 50% alcohol

________27. The Krajian Amyloid stain uses:A. Erhlich’s hematoxylin C. Cole hematoxylinB. Harris hematoxylin D. PTAH

________28. Thioflavine T stain is used as:A. 1% B. 2% C. 5% D. 10%

________29. The modified Gomori’s Trichrome stain color muscle fibers:A. green B. red C. blue D. black

________30. The mordant used in Mallory’s PTAH is:A. 1 part 10% HCl in 70% alcohol and 3 parts 3% potassium dichromateB. 1 part 3% HCl in 70% alcohol and 3 parts 10% potassium dichromate

C. 3 parts 10% HCl in 70% alcohol and 1 part 3% potassium dichromateD. 3 parts 3% HCl in 70% alcohol and 1 part 10% potassium dichromate

_______31. In the Schmorl’s Picro-Thionin method uses thionin at a concentration of:A. 0.10% B. 0.125% C. 0.20% D. 0.250%

________32. Bielschowsky’s technique uses:A. ammoniacal silver C. oxalic acidB. phosphomolybdic acid D. hydroquinone

________33. This stain is used for demonstrating neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.A. Bodian C. Sevier-MungerB. Bielschowsky D. Kluver and Barrera

________34. Which of the following is not a stain for astrocytes?A. Cajal C. HolzerB. PTAH D. Weigert-Pal

________35. For staining tissue pigments which of the following do not match?A. Perls: ferric C. Turnbull’s blue: ferrousB. Benzidine: hemoglobin D. Fouchet: hematoidin

________36. The Mallory’s funchsin stain hemofuscin pigment:A. blue B. red C. black D. green

________37. Von Kossa for calcium uses:A. 1% silver nitrate C. 1.5% silver nitrateB. 2% silver nitrate D. 3% silver nitrate

________38. Lindquist’s technique stain copper:A. blue B. red C. black D. green

________39. Which of the following stains and organisms do not match?A. Wade-Fite: Leprosy bacilli and NocardiaB. Toluidine blue: HelicobacterC. Dieterle: L. pneumophiliaD. Warthin-Starry: Actinomyces

________40. Amyloid stain:A. Congo red B. trichrome stain C. alcian blue D. Sudan IV

________41. Fat stain:A. Congo red B. trichrome stain C. alcian blue D. Sudan IV

________42. Mucin stain:A. Congo red B. trichrome stain C. alcian blue D. Sudan IV

________43. Used for demonstration of A cells of the pancreatic islets in formalin or Bouin’s fixed tissue:A. Grimelius C. LendrumB. Gordon and Sweet D. MSB

________44. The Miller’s stain for elastic tissue contains the following, except?A. Victoria Blue C. Crystal Violet

B. New Fuchsin D. ponceau S________45. Curtis stain contains all of the following reagents except?

A. phosphotungstic acid C. ponceau SB. glacial acetic acid D. picric acid

________46. Herovici method contains what stains?1. methyl blue 3. Acid fuchsin2. Victoria blue 4. Congo redA. 1 and 3 are correct C. 1,2,3 are correctB. 2 and 4 are correct D. all are correct

________47. Naoumenko stain is for:A. elastic fibers C. collagenB. reticulin D. muscle

________48. Biebrich scarlet is a component of:A. Mallory’s PTAH C. KrajianB. Masson trichrome D. Van Gieson

________49. Which of the following is not a component of Gill’s hematoxylin?A. ethylene glycol C. sodium iodateB. aluminum sulfate D. glycerol

________50. Which of the following is not a component of Carazzi’s hematoxylin?A. potassium iodate C. potassium alumB. glycerol D. ethylene glycol

II. MACHING TYPE.

________1. Anderson’s Victoria B A. astrocytes________2. Well-Davenport’s B. glycogen________3. Bielschowsky C. amyloid________4. Phloxine-Toluidine Blue D. ferric ion________5. Fitz-Patrick E. amoeba________6. DOPA F. RNA and DNA________7. De Galantha’s G. spirochete________8. Krajian H. bacteria________9. Weigert Pal I. collagen________10. Kinyoun J. reticular fibers________11. Ramon-Cajjal K. nerve fibers________12. Schiff-McManus L. microglia________13. Bennhold M. fat necrosis________14. Prussian Blue N. cholesterol________15. Iodine O. hemoglobin________16. Feulgen P. phospholipid________17. Gomori’s silver nitrate Q. bile________18. Ziehl-Neelsen R. fats and lipids________19. Von Kossa S. calcium________20. Gmelin T. fungi________21. Methyl green pyronine U. DNA________22. Levaditi’s V. AFB________23. Brown and Brenn W. myelin sheath________24. Van Gieson X. elastic fibers________25. Gold Y. melanin________26. Langhan’s iodine Z. tyrosine________27. Gympsum AA. hemozoin________28. Bodian silver BB. Uric acid________29. Ralph CC. neuron________30. Windaus-digitonin DD. Glial cells________31. Azocarmine EE. muscle________32. Masson trichrome FF. cysteine and cystine________33. Footo’s________34. Benda________35. Liebermann-Burchardt________36. Del Rio Hortega________37. Roger________38. Lieb’s________39. Sudan III________40. Verhoeff’s________41. Lissamine Fast red________42. Osmic acid________43. Benzidine________44. Acetic acid-alcian blue

________45. Gridley________46. MSB________47. Miller________48. Curtis________49. Herovici________50. Grimelius

INSTRUCTION. Each of the numbered items or incomplete statements is followed by answers or by completions of the statement. Select the ONE lettered answer or completion that is BEST in each case.

_____1. Simple fixative/s:1. picric acid 2. osmic acid 3. Helly’s solution 4. glutaraldehydeA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____2. Tissue marking facilitates identification and correct orientation of a particular tissue pieces. Which of the following dye marker is/are used for surgical specimens?1. India ink 3. Eosin, Erythosin, Rose Bengal, 2% 2. Alcian Blue, 1% 4. Artists’ grade pigments, 50% A. only 1 and 3 are correct C. only 1,2,3 are correctB. only 2 and 4 are correct D. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct

_____3. Characteristic of a good fixative:1. stable 2. hypotonic 3. harden tissues 4. prevent autolysisA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____4. Chromate fixatives:1. Orth’s fluid2. Regaud’s fluid 3. Moller’s fluid 4. Zenker’s fluidA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____5. This dye marker is rapid, reliable and used for marking resection margins of fixed breast and other biopsies:A. India ink C. Alcian BlueB. Silver Nitrate D. Eosin, Erythrosin and Rose Bengal

_____6. Formaldehyde:1. concentration of pure stock solution is 40%2. gas produced by oxidation of ethanol3. dilute 1:20 to make 10% solution4. fixation time is 24 hoursA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____7. Methanol added to formaldehyde:1. prevent its decomposition to formic acid2. denatures protein3. renders tissues unsuitable for electron microscopy4. prevents precipitation to paraformaldehyde

A. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____8. Clearing agent/s:1. xylene 2. toluene 3. chloroform 4. acetoneA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____9. Dehydrating agents:1. acetone 2. dioxane 3. xylene 4. alcoholA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____10. Decalcifying agents:1. nitric acid 2. hydrochloric acid 3. glacial acetic acid 4. formic acidA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____11. Embedding media:1. paraffin wax 2. celloidin 3. gelatin 4. paraplastA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____12. Ways to measure extent of decalcification:1. ion exchange resin 2. radiographic method 3. physical mtd 4. chemical mtd.A. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____13. Cells found in vaginal smear:1. intermediate cells 3. mature superficial cells2. columnar cells 4. basal and parabasal cellsA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____14. Mounting medium:1. Canada balsam 2. water 3. eukitt 4. permountA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

____15. Not a gas used in cryostat:1. oxygen 2. nitrogen 3. nitrogen oxide 4. carbon dioxideA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____16. Not a stain for pituitary gland:1. Weigert’s 2. OG and EA 3. Fontana 4. Periodic Acid Schiff orange GA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____17. Not importance of ferning:1. early detection of neoplasia 3. diagnosis of early pregnancy2. early diagnosis of malignancy 4. early diagnosis of infectionA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____18. In the Delafield’s Alum hematoxylin stain, the nuclei will not be stained:1. blue 2. pink 3. red 4. reddish brownA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____19. Fine powder of aluminum oxide made into paste with water used as abrasive is not used in:1. stropping 2. staining 3. honing 4. decalcificationA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____20. These fluids have to pass thru cytocentrifugation before staining the sediments:1. bronchial washing2. pleural fluid 3. urine 4. sputumA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____21. Counterstain:1. eosin 2. safranin 3. hematoxylin 4. malachite greenA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____22. Used in Papanicolau staining:1. EA50 2. hematoxylin 3. alcoholic eosin 4. OG6A. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____23. Dioxane:1. non-toxic to man 2. clears 3. miscible with water, xylene, 4. dehydratesA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____24. Acetone:1. dehydrates 3. fixative for F.A.T.2. fixative for diagnosis of rabies 4. fixative for pigmentA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____25. Tetrahydrofuran:1. clears 2. immiscible with xylene 3. dehydrates 4. has offensive odorA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____26. Uses of paraffin oven:1. melting down paraffin 3. infiltration2. drying slides 4. staining at higher temperatureA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____27. Components of Mayer’s egg albumin:1. egg white 2. glycerine 3. thymol 4. distilled waterA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____28. Effects of fixation:1. denaturation of protein 3. inhibit dye reaction

2. cells become resistant to damage 4. as mordantA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____29. Zenker’s:1. potassium dichromate 2. mercuric chloride 3. distilled water 4. glacial acetic

acidA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____30. Gendre’s fixative:1. chloroform 3. formalin2. ethyl alcohol with picric acid 4. glacial acetic acidA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____31. Clearing agents:1. chloroform 2. toluene 3. dioxane 4. oil of CedarwoodA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____32. advantages of plastic embedding media:1. rapid process 3. causes very little distortion2. permit ultrathin sectioning 4. blocks can be stored indefinitelyA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____33. Brittle or hard to cut tissue may be caused by prolonged:1. fixation 2. dehydration 3. clearing 4. infiltrationA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____34. Advantages of celloidin tissue processing:1. shrinkage is negligible 2. rapid process 3. no heat required 4. minimal distortion of

tissueA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____35. Advantages of membrane technique:1. reduces possibility of cells washing off2. minimize loss of tumour cells3. furnishes a more clearly representative sample of cell types4. permits direct collection of cells from fluidA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____36. Acid dye/s:1. alcian blue 2. anilinine blue 3. ponceau S 4. fast greenA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____37. Metachromatic dye:1. azure A 2. Bismark brown 3. Janus Green B 4. toluidine blueA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct

C. only 1,2 and 4 are correct_____38. Mercurial fixative: 1. Heidenhain-Susa 2. Zenker’s

A. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are wrong_____39. Picric acid fixative: 1. Bouin’s 2. van de Grift’s

A. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are wrong_____40. The purpose of ethyl alcohol: 1. fixative 2. dehydrating agent

A. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are wrong_____41. Not a characteristic of a good fixative:

1. safe to handle 2. quick penetrationA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____42. Purpose of clearing: 1. to remove acetone 2. to make tissue transparent

A. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are wrong_____43. Methods of softening hard tissues: 1. decalcification 2. fixation

A. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are wrong

_____44. Decalcification methods except: 1. ion exchange resin 2. chelationA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____45. effects of fixatives on tissues: 1. denaturation of proteins 2. hardens tissues

A. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are wrong_____46. Method of removing pigment left by formalin:

1. picric acid method 2. Lillie’s methodA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____47. Not a constituent of buffered neutral formalin:

1. sodium phosphate 2. sodium acetateA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____48. Recommended for nuclear studies of bacteria:

1. acetone 2. alcoholA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____49. Recommended for biopsies and tumors of the skin:

1. Bouin’s 2. Helly’sA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____50. Alcohol containing fixative:

1. Gendre’s 2. NewcomersA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____51. Fixation is retarded by:

1. increased temperature 2. size of specimenA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____52. THF is a:

1. clearing agent 2. dehydrantA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong

_____53. Fixes and dehydrates:1. acetone 2. alcoholA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____54. Most common and best embedding medium used for routine tissue processing:

1. xylene 2. paraffinA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____55. The melting point of paraffin:

1. 55C 2. 60CA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____56. Clearing agents for paraffin embedding:

1. xylene 2. tolueneA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____57. The concentration of formaldehyde in Bouin’s fluid:

1. full strength 2. 10%A. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____58. Method for celloidin embedding recommended for bone, teeth, large brain sections

and whole organs:1. wet celloidin 2. dry celloidinA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____59. Recommended for urgent biopsies where fast work and time element is important:

1. gelatin embedding 2. vacuum embeddingA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____60. Dehydration is to be avoided in:

1. celloidin embedding 2. gelatin embeddingA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____61. Used for cutting celloidin embedded sections:

1. sliding microtome 2. rotary microtomeA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____62. Paraffin sections are usually cut between:

1. 10-15u 2. 4-6uA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____63. Knife recommended for cutting paraffin embedded sections on a rotary microtome:

1. biconcave 2. plane concaveA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____64. Knife recommended for cutting embedded sections on a freezing microtome:


wrong_____65. Wedge angle- the angle formed by the slides of the wedge knife is between;

1. 27-32 degrees 2. 14-15 degreesA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____66. Which of the following mountants are used for immunofluorescence?

1. phosphate buffered glycerol 3. polyvinyl alcohol

2. DPX 4. euparalA. only 1 and 3 are correct C. only 1,2,3 are correct

_____67. Common lubricant used for honing:1. xylene 2. liquid paraffinA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____68. Preferred for processing of whole eye sections:

1. wet celloidin 2. dry celloidinA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____69. Incomplete fixation causes the tissue to be:

1. soft 2. brittleA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____70. Air holes found on tissue during trimming is due to incomplete:

1. fixation 2. impregnationA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____71. Presence of bubbles or dirt in the embedding medium causes:

1. unequal thickness of sections 2. formation of holes in the sectionA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____72. A process whereby a selected tissue specimen is immersed in a watch glass

containing isotonic salt solution, carefully dissected or separated, and examined under the microscope:A. teasing B. crushing C. squash preparation D. smear preparation

_____73. Which of the following is not a histochemical fixative?A. formol saline B. acetone C. absolute ethyl alcohol D. Bouin’s solution

_____74. Which of the following is not attributed to frozen section?A. used for immediate pathological diagnosisB. eliminate alteration of tissue caused by fixationC. permit a wide variety of histochemical proceduresD. none of these

_____75. The amount of fixing fluid should be 10 to 20 times the volume of specimen except when using:A. commercial formaldehyde C. Picric acidB. acetone D. osmium tetroxide

_____76. Kardasewitsch’s method of removing formalin pigment involves placing the section for 5 minutes to 3 hours, depending on the amount of pigment in a mixture of:A. 70% ethyl alcohol and 28% ammonia waterB. 80% ethyl alcohol and 28% ammonia waterC. 10% formalin and 90% waterD. 10 parts formalin and 90 parts water

_____77. When using Bouin’s fluid, a yellow color of the sections on the slide can be removed by treating the section with:A. running water C. sat. soln. of lithium carbonate in 70% alcoholB. ethyl alcohol D. 5% sodium thiosulfate

_____78. Brasil’s fixative contains:1. ethanol 2. formalin 3. picric acid 4. trichloroacetic acid


_____79. When using ethyl alcohol as fixative, the concentration must be:A. 70%-80% B. 75%-80% C. 80% -100% D. 50%-60%

_____80. Which of the following tissues should not be fixed with alcohol?A. alkaline phosphatase containing tissuesB. lipid containing tissuesC. glycogen containing tissuesD. carbohydrate containing tissues

_____81. Carnoy’s fluid is:1. very suitable for small tissue fragments3. good fixative for glycogen2. initiates dehydration 4. fixes in ½ to 2 hoursA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____82. Which of the following solutions is used in softening hard tissues?A. Acetic acid B. Lendrum’s soln C. Zenker’s fluid D. Brasil’s soln

_____83. Which of the following fixatives in which the tissue fixed must be thoroughly washed before many stains may be used to best advantage?1. Zenker’s fluid 2. Helly’s fluid 3. Carnoy’s 4. Bouin’s

A. only 1 and 3 are correct D. only 3 and 4 are correctB. only 1 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1 and 2 are correct

_____84. Freeze drying uses what temperature for freezing?A. -40C B. -70C C. -100C D. -150C

_____85. Which of the following is the slowest decalcifying agent?A. Formic acid B. Nitric acid C. Versene D. HCl

_____86. Generally, the volume of the impregnating medium should be at least ___ times the volume of tissue.A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25

_____87. When using Tissue Tek system, the tissue is embedded in ____ deep.A. 2mm B. 5mm C. 10mm D. 15mm

_____88. When trimming blocks, at least ____ of wax should surround the tissue block.A. 2mm B. 5mm C. 10mm D. 15mm

_____89. In cytology, this refers to the percentage of cells with shrunken, dark, small structureless nuclei.A. maturation index C. pyknotic indexB. pleomorphic index D. hyperchromatic index

_____90. Which of the following are anticoagulants used for cell blocks?1. potassium oxalate 2. heparin 3. citric acid-citrate 4. EDTAA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____91. Mounting is done to:1. protect the specimen from physical injury2. protect the section from bleaching3. prevent damage and distortion4. facilitate stainingA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____92. The deeper red colored eosin:1. eosin B 2. eosin YA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____93. Stain recommended for Nissl’s granules or chromophilic bodies:

1. toluidine blue 2. crystal violetA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong

_____94. Weigert’s hematoxylin contains:1. iron 2. alumA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____95. Stain for demonstration of calcium salt deposits:

1. Congo red 2. acridine red 3BA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____96. Nicks or damage on the knife edge causes:

1. splitting of ribbons 2. unequal thickness of ribbonA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are



wrong_____98. Lifting of sections from knife on upstroke may be due to:

1. too vertical knife tilt 2. too warm roomA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____99. Incomplete dehydration and clearing of tissues may cause:

1. tearing of sections 2. crooked and uneven ribbonsA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____100. Loose clamp set screws on block or knife holder causes:

1. varying thickness of tissue 2. wrinkled sectionA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____101. It is the term given to any change in the form of the tissues in the section from

that of the tissue in the block.1. distortion 2. orientationA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong____102. Tissues when infiltrated with carbowax require ____ changes to complete

infiltration.A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8

____103. Which of the following can be done to ensure complete fixation of tissues?1. secondary fixation 3. microwave irradiation2. prolonged immersion 4. elevated temperatureA. only 1 and 3 are correct C. only 1,2,3 are correctB. only 2 and 4 are correct D. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct

____104. Which of the following should be done for tissues fixed in dichromate?A. wash in 80% ethanolB. wash in 8-12 hours in running water before transferring to 60% ethanolC. rinse with water and process in 60% ethanolD. wash repeated 1-3 hourly changes of 50% ethanol

_____105. Which of the following is/are protein coagulant fixative/s?1. ethanol 3. mercuric chloride2. formaldehyde 4. formol-salineA. only 1 and 3 are correct C. only 1,2,3 are correctB. only 2 and 4 are correct D. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct

_____106. Which of the following tissue variables is correct?A. Tissue porosity has no significant impact on processing and staining

B. Prolonged exposure to fixatives during processing has no significant reaction to immunohistochemical investigations

C. Block thickness influences the rate of reagent diffusion and processing timeD. Reagents which are miscible with water and with the embedding medium

increase the number of processing stages._____107. High infiltration temperatures cause marked tissue shrinkage and hardening

which can be avoided by maintaining embedding waxes temperature at:A. 2-30C above melting point C. 10-15C above melting pointB. 7-10C above melting point D. 15-20C above melting point

_____108. For efficient and effective processing, there should be a specimen volume to processing fluid volume ratio of at least:A. 1:10 B. 1:20 C. 1:50 D. 1:100

_____109. What is the purpose of anhydrous cupric sulphate added to final absolute ethanol on a tissue processor?A. indicator of complete dehydrationB. prevent shrinkage of tissueC. prevent excessive hardening of tissueD. facilitate infiltration

_____110. Which of the following alcohols is used for processing of plant and animal tissues in research?A. methanol B. ethanol C. isopropanol D. butanol

_____111. Acetone is the best dehydrant for processing fatty specimens and tissues are dehydrated through how many changes?A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8

_____112. Which of the following is/are used for chemical dehydration of tissues?1. DMP 2. THF 3. DEP 4. PEG

A. only 1 and 3 are correct C. only 1,2,3 are correctB. only 2 and 4 are correct D. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct

_____113. Which of the following clearing agents are chiefly used as nitrocellulose solvents in double embedding techniques?1. amyl acetate 2. methyl benzoate 3. methyl salicylate 4. trichloroethane


_____114. This process generally refers to the practice of embedding wax infiltrated tissues in another wax to produce improved tissue support and sectioning qualities.A. double embedding C. vacuum embeddingB. investment D. infiltration

_____115. To improve ribboning of paraffin, which of the following is done?A. add phenanthrene C. add stearic acidB. add 5% beeswax D. prolong heating of paraffin

_____116. In a tissue transfer automated tissue processor, fluid agitation is achieved by:A. rotary motion of basket C. vacuum pressureB. tidal action D. optimal stabilization

_____117. Ultrasonics are used in histopathology to accelerate tissue processing. The most important effect of ultrasound is:A. heat B. pressure C.agitation D. optimal stabilization

_____118. Which of the following can be used as aqueous media for embedding?1. agar 2. gelatin 3. sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose 4. polyvinyl alcohol


_____119. This is the most widely used fixatives for standard electron microscopy:A. formaldehyde C. osmium tetroxide

B. glutaraldehyde D. chromic acid_____120. This is the most widely used secondary fixative in electron microscopy?

A. formaldehyde C. osmium teroxideB. glutaraldehyde D. chromic acid

_____121. Which of the following is used as protein cross-linking fixatives?1. chloro-6-triazides 3. diisocyanates2. carbodiimides 4. maleimides


_____122. Which of the following fixatives is used for identifying tissues with aromatic amines such as adrenal medulla tumours?A. osmium tetroxide C. alcoholB. dichromate D. formalin

_____123. This is the fixative of choice for the demonstration of intermediate filaments by immunohistochemical techniques prepared by 6:3:1 mixture of methanol, chloroform and glacial acetic acid.A. ethanol C. acetic acidB. methacarn D. picric acid

_____124. Which of the following fixatives contains mercuric chloride?1. Zenker 2. Helly’s 3. Ridley’s 4. B5


_____125. AMEX technique requires fixation and clearing using:A. alcohol, methyl benzoate, xylene, paraffinB. alcohol, methyl ethylene, xylene, paraffinC. acetone, methyl benzoate, xylene, paraffinD. acetone, methyl ethyl benzoate, xylene, paraffin

_____126. Wolman’s solution used for immersion of freshly cut frozen section is prepared by mixing:A. 10% formalin and 90% ethanolB. 90% ethanol and 10% glacial acetic acidC. 10% formalin and 90% glacial acetic acidD. 95% ethanol and 5% glacial acetic acid

_____127. Which of the following is true of fixation?A. fixation is more rapid at lower temperatureB. during fixation, pH should be kept in physiological range between pH 6-8C. buffers do not react with fixatives and will not reduce the function of fixativeD. glutaraldehyde is used as fixative at 10% solution

_____128. Which of the following are used as additive to glutaraldehyde in order to demonstrate lipids in electron microscopy?1. digitonin 2. malachite green 3. imidazole 4. osmium tetroxideA. only 1 and 3 are correct C. only 1,2,3 are correctB. only 2 and 4 are correct D. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct

_____129. Which of the following fixatives is used for demonstration of enzyme cholinesterase?A. formalin-sucrose-ammonia C. alcoholB. acetone D. formalin with 0.1% chloral hydrate

_____130. Which of the following chemicals is not a component of Susa fluid?A. formaldehyde C. chromic acidB. glacial acetic acid D. mercuric chloride

_____131. Which of the following chemicals is not a component of Elftman’s fixative?A. mercuric chloride C. waterB. potassium dichromate D. formalin

_____132. Which of the following chemicals is not a component of Swank and Davenport’s?A. mercuric chloride C. formaldehyde

B. potassium chlorate D. acetic acid_____133. Which of the following is true of decalcification?

A. as the concentration of acid decalcifying agent increases, the speed of decalcification also increases

B. a decrease in temperature accelerates decalcificationC. reducing pressure have significance on the decrease of the rate of decalcificationD. mechanical agitation has no effect on promoting decalcification

_____134. Which of the following bone component and test demonstration match?A. Irwin’s Method: aluminum C. Ridley’s: potassiumB. Von Kossa: copper D. Wolman: calcium

_____135. Bone histomorphometric analysis used for the diagnosis of metabolic bone diseases includes:1. % trabecular bone volume 3. % osteod surface2. % osteoid volume 4. % resorbing surfaceA. only 1 and 3 are correct C. only 1,2,3 are correctB. only 2 and 4 are correct D. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct

_____136. Which of the following microtomes is used to cut sections from very hard material such as undecalcified bone?A. rotary B. sledge C. vibrating D. saw

_____137. Which of the following microtomes is equipped with electrical voltage applied to the knife?A. rotary B. sledge C. vibrating D. saw

_____138. Which of the following microtome knives is used primarily for cutting very thin, resin sections?A. sapphire B. diamond C. glass D. tungsten carbide

_____139. What is the purpose of correct clearance angle?A. to enhance compression in cutting sectionsB. to reduce friction as the knife edge passes through the blockC. for smooth, even sectionD. to harden the tissue

_____140. Which of the following reflects correct thickness at which sections can be cut?A. gelatin: 150-200um C. paraffin: 1 to 5 umB. frozen: 15 to 20 um D. resin: 0.5 to 2 um

_____141. Ideally, tissue block face should be no longer than:A. 1mm x 1mm C. 1cm x 1cmB. 5mm x 5mm D. 5cm x 5cm

_____142. In case of section crumbling or tearing, which of the following processes are improperly done?1. fixation 2. dehydration C. decalcification D. clearing


_____143. In resin embedding, which of the following is correct?A. 0.01-0.05um thick sections can be cut using epoxyB. Methacrylates are resins from which 0.5 to 2um thick sections can be obtainedC. Araldite and epons are acrylic resinsD. Resin embedding can not be used for quantitation of lipids

_____144. which stain is commonly used as a general stain for epoxy resin sections?A. toluidine blue C. haematoxylinB. picro-eosin D. Jenner-Giemsa

_____145. The activity of the final staining haematoxylin solution can be assessed by the following means, except?A. refractometry C. spectroscopyB. thin-layer chromatography D. fluorometry

_____146. Which of the following haematoxylin stains do not use iodate as oxidant to generate haematein?A. Gill’s B. Carazzi C. Ehrlich’s D. Harris

_____147. Which of the following chemicals are contained in commercially prepared eosin to influence staining color?1. fluorescein 2. erythrosine B 3. tribrornofluorescein 4. C145430A. only 1 and 3 are correct C. only 1,2,3 are correctB. only 2 and 4 are correct D. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct

_____148. All of the following are major applications of cryotechnology, except?A. immunocytochemical demonstrationB. chemical fixationC. histochemical demonstrationD. rapid diagnostic processing as part of intraoperative consultation

_____149. Which of the following cryogens and absolute temperature used in cryotechniques for light microscopy do not match?A. liquid nitrogen: -196C C. liquid nitrogen-isopentane: -30CB. carbon dioxide gas: -70C D. aerosol sprays: -50C

_____150. Most currently available cryostats have temperature control generally within:A. ambient to -40C C. ambient to -10CB. -50C to -70C D. ambient to 0C

_____151. Which of the following knife profile and characteristics do not match?A. profile A: strongly plane concave/biconcaveB. profile B: plane concaveC. profile C: wedge concaveD. profile D: plane

_____152. All of the following are immunocytochemical fixatives for frozen sections, except:A. Zamboni’s C. acetoneB. Formol acetic alcohol D. Periodate-lysia-paraformaldehyde

_____153. Which of the following freezing protocols uses sublimation at low pressure and under vacuum?A. snap freezing C. fixed and fozenB. freeze substitution D. freeze drying

_____154. Which of the following is used to demonstrate A cells of the pancreatic islets in formalin or Bouin’s fixed tissue?A. Gomori’s aldehyde fuchsin C. Lendrum phloxine tartrazineB. Grimelius argyrophil technique D. acidified toluidine blue

_____155. Which of the following is used to demonstrate B cells of the pancreatic islets in formalin or Bouin’s fixed tissue?A. Gomori’s aldehyde fuchsin C. Lendrum phloxine tartrazineB. Grimelius argyrophil technique D. acidified toluidine blue

_____156. Prolactin-producing cells can be stained by:1. Herlart’s erythrocin2. permanganate-aldehyde-thionin-PAS-orange G3. Brook’s carmoisine4. bromine-alcian blue-orange G- acid fucchsin- light greenA. only 1 and 3 are correct C. only 1,2,3 are correctB. only 2 and 4 are correct D. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct

_____157. Which of the following is used for demonstration of heparin content of mast cell granules?1. Churukian and Schenk Toluidine blue 3. azure A2. naphthol AS-D 4. Fast blue RRA. only 1 and 3 are correct C. only 1,2,3 are correctB. only 2 and 4 are correct D. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct

_____158. This hydrophobic mountant is a mixture of eucalyptol, sandarac, paraldehyde and camsal and is useful for mounting unstained section:

A. DPX B. euparal C. Apathy’s medium D. Farrant’s medium

_____159. What is the refractive index of water which is used as a convenient temporary mountant?A. 1.473 B. 1.333 C. 1.436 D. 1.523

_____160. What is the component of apathy’s medium that will prevent leaching of metachromatic dyes?A. gum Arabic C. potassium acetateB. cane sugar/sucrose D. thymol

HE WHO KNOWS OTHERS IS LEARNEDHE WHO KNOWS HIMSELF IS WISEHE WHO CONQUERS HIMSELF IS STRONGHE WHO IS CONTENDED IS RICHHE WHO IS DETERMINED HAS STRENGTH OF WILLHE WHO DOES NOT LOSE HIS CENTER ENDURES

EDWIN C. CANCINO,RMT,MPH,PhD

INSTRUCTION. Each of the numbered items or incomplete statements is followed by answers or by completions of the statement. Select the ONE lettered answer or completion that is BEST in each case.





_____5. Methanol added to formaldehyde:5. prevent its decomposition to formic acid6. denatures protein7. renders tissues unsuitable for electron microscopy8. prevents precipitation to paraformaldehydeA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correct

B. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct



_____8. Decalcifying agents:1. nitric acid 2. hydrochloric acid 3. glacial acetic acid 4. formic acidA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct







_____15. Not importance of ferning:1. early detection of neoplasia 3. diagnosis of early pregnancy2. early diagnosis of malignancy 4. early diagnosis of infection




_____18. These fluids have to pass thru cytocentrifugation before staining the sediments:1. bronchial washing2. pleural fluid 3. urine 4. sputumA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct







_____25. Components of Mayer’s egg albumin:1. egg white 2. glycerine 3. thymol 4. distilled water


_____26. Effects of fixation:1. denaturation of protein 3. inhibit dye reaction2. cells become resistant to damage 4. as mordantA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct







_____32. Advantages of celloidin tissue processing:1. shrinkage is negligible 3. no heat required2. rapid process 4. minimal distortion of tissueA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct


_____34. Acid dye/s:1. alcian blue 2. anilinine blue 3. ponceau S 4. fast greenA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correct


_____35. Metachromatic dye:1. azure A 2. Bismark brown 3. Janus Green B 4. toluidine blueA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____36. Mercurial fixative: 1. Heidenhain-Susa 2. Zenker’sA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____37. Picric acid fixative: 1. Bouin’s 2. van de Grift’s






A. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are wrong_____42. Decalcification methods except: 1. ion exchange resin 2. chelation


_____43. effects of fixatives on tissues: 1. denaturation of proteins 2. hardens tissuesA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____44. Method of removing pigment left by formalin:











1. increased temperature 2. size of specimen

A. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are wrong_____50. THF is a:


wrong_____51. Fixes and dehydrates:




wrong_____53. The melting point of paraffin:

1. 55C 2. 60CA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are



















wrong

_____63. Wedge angle- the angle formed by the slides of the wedge knife is between;1. 27-32 degrees 2. 14-15 degreesA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____64. Honing involves the removal of gross nicks on the knife edge, the direction is:

1. toe to heel 2. heel to toeA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____65. Common lubricant used for honing:

1. xylene 2. liquid paraffinA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are


1. wet celloidin 2. dry celloidinA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____67. Incomplete fixation causes the tissue to be:









_____72. Which of the following is not attributed to frozen section?E. used for immediate pathological diagnosisF. eliminate alteration of tissue caused by fixationG. permit a wide variety of histochemical proceduresH. none of these


_____74. Kardasewitsch’s method of removing formalin pigment involves placing the section for 5 minutes to 3 hours, depending on the amount of pigment in a mixture of:E. 70% ethyl alcohol and 28% ammonia waterF. 80% ethyl alcohol and 28% ammonia waterG. 10% formalin and 90% waterH. 10 parts formalin and 90 parts water

_____75. When using Bouin’s fluid, a yellow color of the sections on the slide can be removed by treating the section with:

A. running water C. sat. soln. of lithium carbonate in 70% alcoholB. ethyl alcohol D. 5% sodium thiosulfate




_____78. Which of the following tissues should not be fixed with alcohol?E. alkaline phosphatase containing tissuesF. lipid containing tissuesG. glycogen containing tissuesH. carbohydrate containing tissues












_____89. Mounting is done to:5. protect the specimen from physical injury6. protect the section from bleaching7. prevent damage and distortion8. facilitate stainingA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correct

C. only 1,2 and 4 are correct_____90. The deeper red colored eosin:

1. eosin B 2. eosin YA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are



wrong_____92. Weigert’s hematoxylin contains:

1. iron 2. alumA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are





wrong

_____95. Knife recommended for cutting paraffin embedded sections on a rotary microtome:1. biconcave 2. plane concaveA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are







wrong_____99. It is the term given to any change in the form of the tissues in the section from that

of the tissue in the block.1. distortion 2. orientationA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are



HE WHO KNOWS OTHERS IS LEARNEDHE WHO KNOWS HIMSELF IS WISEHE WHO CONQUERS HIMSELF IS STRONGHE WHO IS CONTENDED IS RICH

HE WHO IS DETERMINED HAS STRENGTH OF WILLHE WHO DOES NOT LOSE HIS CENTER ENDURES.

HISTOPATHOLOGIC TECHNIQUESPRE-BOARD EXAMS

NAME _____________________________________________________ Rating ___________________INSTRUCTION. Each of the numbered items or incomplete statements is followed by

answers or by completions of the statement. Select the ONE lettered answer or completion that is BEST in each case.





_____5. Methanol added to formaldehyde:9. prevent its decomposition to formic acid10. denatures protein11. renders tissues unsuitable for electron microscopy12. prevents precipitation to paraformaldehydeA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct



_____8. Decalcifying agents:1. nitric acid 2. hydrochloric acid 3. glacial acetic acid 4. formic acidA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correct








_____15. Not importance of ferning:1. early detection of neoplasia 3. diagnosis of early pregnancy2. early diagnosis of malignancy 4. early diagnosis of infectionA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct



_____18. These fluids have to pass thru cytocentrifugation before staining the sediments:

1. bronchial washing2. pleural fluid 3. urine 4. sputumA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct







_____25. Components of Mayer’s egg albumin:1. egg white 2. glycerine 3. thymol 4. distilled waterA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____26. Effects of fixation:1. denaturation of protein 3. inhibit dye reaction2. cells become resistant to damage 4. as mordantA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct







_____32. Advantages of celloidin tissue processing:1. shrinkage is negligible 3. no heat required2. rapid process 4. minimal distortion of tissueA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct


_____34. Acid dye/s:1. alcian blue 2. anilinine blue 3. ponceau S 4. fast greenA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____35. Metachromatic dye:1. azure A 2. Bismark brown 3. Janus Green B 4. toluidine blueA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____36. Mercurial fixative: 1. Heidenhain-Susa 2. Zenker’sA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____37. Picric acid fixative: 1. Bouin’s 2. van de Grift’s






A. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are wrong_____42. Decalcification methods except: 1. ion exchange resin 2. chelation


_____43. effects of fixatives on tissues: 1. denaturation of proteins 2. hardens tissuesA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____44. Method of removing pigment left by formalin:











1. increased temperature 2. size of specimenA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____50. THF is a:


wrong_____51. Fixes and dehydrates:




wrong

_____53. The melting point of paraffin:1. 55C 2. 60CA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are



















wrong_____63. Wedge angle- the angle formed by the slides of the wedge knife is between;

1. 27-32 degrees 2. 14-15 degreesA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____64. Honing involves the removal of gross nicks on the knife edge, the direction is:

1. toe to heel 2. heel to toeA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are

wrong_____65. Common lubricant used for honing:

1. xylene 2. liquid paraffinA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are


1. wet celloidin 2. dry celloidin

A. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are wrong_____67. Incomplete fixation causes the tissue to be:









_____72. Which of the following is not attributed to frozen section?I. used for immediate pathological diagnosisJ. eliminate alteration of tissue caused by fixationK. permit a wide variety of histochemical proceduresL. none of these


_____74. Kardasewitsch’s method of removing formalin pigment involves placing the section for 5 minutes to 3 hours, depending on the amount of pigment in a mixture of:I. 70% ethyl alcohol and 28% ammonia waterJ. 80% ethyl alcohol and 28% ammonia waterK. 10% formalin and 90% waterL. 10 parts formalin and 90 parts water

_____75. When using Bouin’s fluid, a yellow color of the sections on the slide can be removed by treating the section with:A. running water C. sat. soln. of lithium carbonate in 70% alcoholB. ethyl alcohol D. 5% sodium thiosulfate




_____78. Which of the following tissues should not be fixed with alcohol?I. alkaline phosphatase containing tissuesJ. lipid containing tissuesK. glycogen containing tissuesL. carbohydrate containing tissues












_____89. Mounting is done to:9. protect the specimen from physical injury10. protect the section from bleaching11. prevent damage and distortion12. facilitate stainingA. only 1,2 and 3 are correct D. only 2,3 and 4 are correctB. only 1,3 and 4 are correct E. 1,2,3 and 4 are correctC. only 1,2 and 4 are correct

_____90. The deeper red colored eosin:1. eosin B 2. eosin YA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are



wrong_____92. Weigert’s hematoxylin contains:

1. iron 2. alumA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are





wrong

_____95. Knife recommended for cutting paraffin embedded sections on a rotary microtome:1. biconcave 2. plane concaveA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are







wrong_____99. It is the term given to any change in the form of the tissues in the section from that

of the tissue in the block.1. distortion 2. orientationA. only 1 is correct B. only 2 is correct C. 1 and 2 are correct D. 1 and 2 are



HE WHO KNOWS OTHERS IS LEARNEDHE WHO KNOWS HIMSELF IS WISEHE WHO CONQUERS HIMSELF IS STRONGHE WHO IS CONTENDED IS RICHHE WHO IS DETERMINED HAS STRENGTH OF WILLHE WHO DOES NOT LOSE HIS CENTER ENDURES.

EDWIN C. CANCINO,RMT,MPH,PhD

histopathologic techniques pretest

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