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Africa Rice TrendsAfrica Rice Center (AfricaRice)

2001–2010

Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice)

Rice science at the service of AfricaLa science rizicole au service de I’Afrique

Africa Rice Trends2001–2010

About Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice)

AfricaRice is one of the 15 international agricultural research Centers that are members of the CGIAR Consortium. It is also an intergovernmental association of African member countries.

The Center was created in 1971 by 11 African countries. Today its membership comprises 25 countries, covering West, Central, East and North African regions, namely Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo and Uganda.

AfricaRice temporary headquarters is based in Cotonou, Benin; research staff are also based in Côte d’Ivoire, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Tanzania.

For more information visit: www.AfricaRice.org

Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) 01 BP 2031, Cotonou, Benin Tel.: (229) 64 18 13 13 Fax: (229) 64 22 78 09E-mail: [email protected] www.AfricaRice.org

Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice)

Africa Rice Trends2001–2010

Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010ii

© Copyright Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) 2014

AfricaRice encourages fair use of this material. Proper citation is requested. The designations used in the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

CitationAfrica Rice Center (AfricaRice). 2014. Africa Rice Trends 2001–2010. Cotonou, Benin: 108 pp.

ISBN978-92-9113-362-8 (print)978-92-9113-363-5 (PDF)

ContributorsAli A. Touré, Aliou Diagne, Jeanne Coulibaly, Eyram Amovin-Assagba, Rose Edwige Fiamohe

EditingGreen Ink (www.greenink.co.uk)

Design and layoutOnasanya Emmanuel Oludayo

PrintingPragati Offset Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad, India

Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010 iii

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to all those who contributed to Africa Rice Trends 2001–2010, particularly Olupomi Ajayi for editing, and Sander Zwart and Justin Djaba Fagnombo of the AfricaRice Geographic Information System (GIS) Unit for designing all the maps.

The authors would like to thank the donors and technical partners for their continuous support and commitment.

We acknowledge the strong support of the directors general of the national agricultural research systems (NARS) and national agricultural statistics services (NASS) in all aspects of rice data and information compilation. In this regard, special thanks and appreciation are due to the focal persons and team members in the NARS and NASS of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, and Uganda. The following persons were directly involved in compiling rice data and information and establishing country databases during the national rice surveys conducted under the data-system component of the Japan-funded Emergency Rice Project (April 2009 to June 2010).

Benin: Focal points: Patrice Y. Adegbola (Institute national des recherches agricoles du Bénin, INRAB/PAPA), Soul-Kifouly Gnonna Midingoyi (INTAB/PAPA), Laurent Oloukoï (INTAB/PAPA) and Gilbert Ahouassou (Direction de la programmation et de la prospective, Ministère de l’Agriculture, de l’Élevage et de la Pêche, DPP); Team members: Marcelin Allagbe (INTAB/PAPA), Edgard Y. Didavi (DPP), Abdoulaye Abbas (DPP), Delphin Kouande (INTAB/PAPA) and Assogba Hodonou (DPP)

Burkina Faso: Focal points: Mathieu Ouédraogo (Institut de l’environnement et de recherches agricoles, INERA) and Richard S. Guissou (Direction Générale de la Promotion de l’Economie Rurale, DGPER); Team members: Dona Dakouo (INERA), Souleymane Ouédraogo (DGPER), Moussa Kaboré (DGPER), Youssouf Dembélé (INERA), Silamana Barry (INERA), Ibrahim Ouédraogo (INERA),

Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010iv

Julienne Traoré Gue (INERA), Drissa Hema (INERA), Blaise Kaboré (INERA), Bakary Belemou (DGPER), Sibiri Yameogo (DGPER), Besolbié Bationo (DGPER), Ouambi Yaméogo (DGPER) and Bila Koumtoubre (DGPER)

Cameroon: Focal points: Dorothy Malaa Kenyi (Institute of Agricultural Research for Development, IRAD) and Pierre Nzodjo (Services des enquêtes et recensement agricoles, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, MINADER); Team members: François Meppe (IRAD), Serge Kamgaing (MINADER), Thimothy Ayissi (MINADER), Pascal Ngninbeyie (IRAD) and Jean Mfouandou (IRAD)

Central African Republic: Focal points: M. Hervé Mbedane (Institut centrafricain de la recherche agronomique, ICRA) and Reginald Bida-Kette (Direction de la Statistique Agricole, de la Documentation et de l’Information, DSDI); Team members: Théodore Oumarou (DSDI), Alguesh Atim (DSDI), Rigobert Ngouandji (DSDI), Arnaud Bertrand Noudjeo (DSDI), Serge Nzengoyu (DSDI), Samson Ngarassem (DSDI) and Géneviève Yatangbando (DSDI)

Côte d’Ivoire: Focal points: Sekou Doumbia (Centre national de recherche agronomique, CNRA) and Youssouf Traoré (Programme national riz, PNR); Team members: Alphonse Bouet (CNRA), Ernest Depieu (CNRA), Karidioula Gabéhonry (CNRA), Kouamé Kouassi (CNRA), Pierre Koffi (CNRA), Arsène Aye N’cho (PNR) and Marie Luise Koffi née Tanoe (PNR)

Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): Focal points: Abang Olivier Kinzamba (Institut national pour étude et la recherche agronomique, INERA) and Robert Ngonde Nsakala (Service National des Statistiques Agricoles, Ministère de l’Agriculture, SNS); Team members: Daniel Dibwe (INERA), Francis Nkayilu (SNS), Nono Katay Munkwese (SNS), Floribert Tshiakatumba (SNS), André Mampaka (SNS) and Henriette Dina (SNS)

The Gambia: Focal points: Lamin Dibba (National Agricultural Research Institute, NARI), Mary Mendy (NARI), Famara Kolly (Planning Services Unit, PSU) and Faye Manneh (NARI); Team members: Ebram Cham (PSU) and Bakary Sanyang

Ghana: Focal points: Alexander Nimo Wiredu (Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research) and

Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010 v

John Nortey (Statistics Research and Information Directorate, Ministry of Food and Agriculture)

Guinea: Focal points: Sékou Diawara (Institut de recherche agronomique de Guinée, IRAG) and Aly Condé (Service National des Statistiques Agricoles, SNSA); Team members: Mamadou Billo Barry (IRAG), Sékou Keita (SNSA) and Thierno Saïdou Diallo (SNSA)

Kenya: Focal points: Winfred Kore (Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, KARI), Thuranira Elias Gitonga (KARI) and Joseph Newton Okech (KARI); Team members: Researchers from KARI stations Kibos, Mwea, Matuga, National Agricultural Research Laboratories and Kissii — Teresa Okiyo, George Onyanyo, K. Otieno, F. Makini, Martha Opondo, Paul Tana, Paul Omollo, George Omuga, Maurice Ogutu, Ann Kimani, Rindano Maingu, Nelson Kidula, Boaz Andetto and Dorcas Onyiso; representatives of the Ministry of Agriculture — Elizabeth Ogolla, Aurther Hongo, Silas Deya, Jacob Ongere, Muchiri Rutere, Wilson Nabakwa, James Daudi, Robert Kiraini, Moses Nyabuto, Jacinta Osiemo, Otieno, Jesca Were, Mary Toya, Ambuko Penina, Elizabeth Shikuku, Nicholas Langat, Shem Nandie, Protus Mahokha, C.K. Wanyonyi, Clement Waswa, Mary Wainaina, Martin Munyao, Amos Okoth, Isaac Munguret, M. Mwakuphunza, Charles Omondi, M. Mwachizi, Josephine Mwamu, W.N. Mwakio, G.M. Mbogholi and Charity Mwanyala

Liberia: Focal points: Jobson A. Momo and Reginald W. Fannoh; Team members: Nathaniel S. Ketter, Oliver Gayflor R. Subah, Daniel S. Gbigbi, Kolubah Kortee, Joseph K.F. Jorkeah, Abibatou T. Kroumah, James S. Dolo and Joseph Jockeh

Madagascar: Focal points: Jean Nirisson Randriamora (Service de la statistique agricole, Ministère de l’Agriculture, de l’Elevage et de la Pêche, MAEP) and H.L. Abel-Rotovo (Centre national de la recherche appliquée au développement, FOFIFA); Team members: Raymond Rabeson (FOFIFA), Justin Rakotomampionona (MAEP), Maminirina Rakotoariliva (MAEP), Claire Albine Ravaonindrina (MAEP), Jaonarisoa Andriantseheno (MAEP) and Marie Agnès Lala Harinirina (MAEP)

Mali: Focal points: Boubacar Maïga (Institut de l’économie rurale, IER) and Kotié Diakité (Cellule de Planification et de Statistique du secteur

Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010vi

du développement rural, CPS/SDR); Team members: Mbaré Coulibaly (IER) and Bocar Dit Sire Bâ (CPS/SDR)

Mozambique: Focal points: Marcos Langa (Instituto de Investigação Agraria de Mozambique, IIAM), Domingos F.R. Diogo (Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, DES) and Anina Manganhele (DES); Team members: David J. Megill (IIAM) and Fidélio Salamandane (IIAM)

Nigeria: Focal points: Vivian Ojehomon (National Cereals Research Institute), Olorunfemi Ogundele (Nigerian Institute for Social and Economic Research) and Samuel B. Adebayo (National Bureau of Statistics, NBS); Team members: Victor Okoruwa (University of Ibadan), Olupomi Ajayi (AfricaRice) and Bandele Ogunlana (NBS)

Rwanda: Focal points: Chantal Ingabire (Rwanda Agriculture Board, RAB) and Justine Mukayiranga (RAB); Team members: Innocent Ndikumana (RAB), E. René Gasoré (RAB) and Joseph Mutware (RAB)

Senegal: Focal points: Alioune B. Dieng (Institut Sénégalais de recherches agricoles, ISRA) and Mamadou Sagna (Directrice de l’Analyse, de la Prévision et des Statistiques, DAPS); Team member: Amadou Abdoulaye Fall (ISRA)

Sierra Leone: Focal points: Mahmood Ahmed Nazir (Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute) and Mohamed Ajuba Sheriff (Planning, Evaluation, Monitoring and Statistics Division)

Tanzania: Focal points: Elisha Martine Mkandya (Ilonga Agricultural Research Institute) and Malemi Nyanda (Policy and Planning, Statistics Unit, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Cooperatives)

Togo: Focal points: Tsatsu K. Domenyo (Institut togolais de recherche agronomique) and Ezi Tsogli (Direction des Statistiques Agricoles, de l’Information et de la Documentation); Team members: Egnonto M. Koffi-Tessio (Laboratoire pour la Réduction de la Pauvreté et la Sécurité Alimentaire Durable, Université de Lomé, LARPSAD), Lébéné Kougnenya (LARPSAD), Kodjo Dokodjo (LARPSAD) and Kodjo Labare (LARPSAD)

Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010 vii

Uganda: Focal points: Stella Adur (National Crops Resources Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Organisation, NaCRRI), Benard Odur (NaCRRI) and Mary Frances Nakakawa (NaCRRI); Team member: Godfrey Asea (NaCRRI).

We are very grateful to Guy Manners (formerly freelance and now with Green Ink) for editorial assistance and most of all for his patience and perseverance.

Special thanks to the SARD-SC project which provided funding for additional desktop publishing and layout work.

Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010viii

Foreword

Many African countries have taken policy measures since the 2008 food crisis to palliate the negative effects of the food price hikes — rice is being treated as a priority staple commodity.

The various actions taken have now started to yield some results. Africa’s rice self-sufficiency ratio increased from 63.8% during 2001–2007 to 65.9% in 2007–2010. This improvement was expected in the light of the improvement in domestic rice production. Paddy production in Africa increased by an average of 4.80% per year over the period 2001–2010. These early results provide sufficient evidence that the African continent, with its great potential for rice production, can protect itself against further rice crises.

Moreover, projections for 2012 in the Rice Market Monitor (FAO, 2012d) indicate a modest growth rate for rice production in Asian countries, while African countries are expected to record substantial upward shifts in their domestic paddy production. Thus, with the predicted global increase in rice consumption to 496 Mt by 2020 (Rejesus et al., 2012), there are still huge opportunities for African countries to boost their production in order to respond to this market signal. Countries are therefore urged to continue to pursue positive actions for their rice value chains, including increased investment in production, mechanization, enhanced postharvest operations, improved marketing, support to collaborative research, and capacity-building.

I hope that this edition of Africa Rice Trends will play a major role in diffusing information and data that are crucial for food-security planning and management, as well as in stimulating collaborative efforts among the principal actors of the rice value chain and decision-makers for greater development and sustainability of the rice sector.

Adama Traoré Interim Director General Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice)

Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010 ix

Preface

Africa Rice Trends 2001–2010 is published by Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice) to update various statistics and indicators relating to the African rice sector. The main sources of the data used for this purpose are FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c, 2012b,c) and the country databases collected during the national rice surveys conducted under the data-system component of the Japan-funded Emergency Rice Project (April 2009 to June 2010). Additional data were also obtained from a number of NARS technical documents. For some statistics (such as production, harvested rice area and yield) the data series on FAOSTAT were available up to 2010, while for other statistics (such as import quantities and values) the data series were available only to 2008. For paddy production, harvested area and yield, FAOSTAT actual (non-projected) data were not available until a later date (FAO, 2012b). For rice consumption (per capita and total) and rice calorie intake, data were available only to 2007. For such statistics, we first calculated the growth rates by country for the period available (e.g. 2001–2007) and used these growth rates to estimate the statistics for subsequent years. Total rice imports data from 2001 to 2010 are downloaded from FAOSTAT accessed October 2012 and from the FAO Rice Market Monitor of July 2012 (FAO, 2012d). Data are presented for both individual countries and regions. The regions are: Central Africa, East Africa, North Africa, Southern Africa and West Africa.

The main indicators involved in the statistical calculations are:paddy rice harvested areayield of paddy ricepaddy rice productiontotal rice imports (quantity and value)total rice consumptionper-capita rice consumptionrice self-sufficiencyrice calorie intaketotal calorie intakerice share in terms of calorie intake.

Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010x

Three periods are considered in the analyses of the data: 2001–2007, 2007–2010 and 2001–2010. The data analyses enable the generation of two main indicators: average figures, by period and by indicator. These statistics were calculated in order to compare rice production patterns prior to the 2008 food-price crisis with those after the crisis. These comparisons can help in assessing countries’ potential for rice production following the rice crisis. Furthermore, the 2001–2010 average figures were calculated to evaluate the decennial trend.

It is important to note that all of the trends reported are the annual growth rates calculated as average rates that are representative of the available data over the entire period — they do not necessarily match the actual growth rates over any given period (see ‘Least-squares growth rate’ at World Bank, 2012).

We have tried our best to cross check the various data and the trends reported for correctness and accuracy. However, we acknowledge that any errors are ours and that we are not responsible for the consequences of the misuse of the data.

1Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010

Africa Rice Trends

Over the period of 2001–2010, paddy production in Africa increased by 4.80% per year. Even though the periods analyzed are not of the same length, it is worth indicating the average annual growth rates of 6.75% for the period 2007–2010 and 4.19% for 2001–2007. The relatively faster production increase in 2007–2010 is explained by increases in the harvested area (4.31%). The growth in paddy rice production during the post-crisis period demonstrates the efficacy of the policy-advocacy endeavors undertaken throughout the 2008 crisis period. However, despite the price hikes in 2008, rice consumption in Africa grew even more during the period 2007–2010 — at a rate of 4.41% per year — reaching 21.5 million tonnes (Mt) in 2009 and an estimated 22.57 Mt in 2010 (Table 37). Average annual rice production was 19.22 Mt during the period 2001–2007, and 23.63 Mt during 2007–2010; the longer-term average was 20.86 Mt (2001–2010). Even though total rice consumption has been increasing at more than 4% per year, actual per-capita rice consumption has increased only by 1.1% per year, indicating that the trend in rice consumption mainly comes from population growth. With an increasing population, growth in rice consumption will follow, resulting from increasing demand from all sectors of a growing population requiring a diet richer in carbohydrates, of which rice is one of the principal suppliers.

Production

In 2009, total paddy rice production in Africa was 24.5 Mt (FAO, 2012a). The 2010 production figure given by FAO (2012a) is 25.6 Mt. According to FAOSTAT, West Africa produced more than 10 Mt in 2009 and about 11 Mt in 2010, compared to 6.7 Mt in East Africa and 4.4 Mt in North Africa in 2010 (see Fig.1). Central Africa harvested over 0.664 Mt and Southern Africa 69,351 tonnes (Table 34).

2 Africa Rice Trends 2001– 2010

Figure 1. Paddy rice production in 2009

Table 1. Average annual paddy production during selected periods (Mt)Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Central Africa 0.53 0.59 0.55East Africa 4.63 5.90 5.11North Africa 6.28 6.55 6.33Southern Africa 0.03 0.05 0.03West Africa 7.75 9.92 8.60Africa 19.22 23.63 20.86

The statistics for paddy production were calculated for 2001–2007 and 2007–2010 to compare rice production patterns prior to and after the 2008 food-price crisis (Table 1, Fig. 2). The 2001–2010 average production was calculated in order to evaluate the decennial trend. Over the whole period, the major rice-producing region remained West Africa with more than 7.75 Mt per year; the average annual production for 2007–2010 was 9.92 Mt. In second place was


North Africa, with average annual paddy production ranging between 6.28 and 6.55 Mt/year. North African paddy production is driven mostly by the biggest rice-producing country of the region, Egypt (99% of the rice produced in the region). The third-ranking region was East Africa with annual averages of 4.63 and 5.90 Mt/year for 2001–2007 and 2007–2010, respectively.

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Figure 2. Average annual paddy production for selected periods (Mt)

The average figures for 2007–2010 are higher than those for the earlier period and the decade as a whole, indicating an increase in the growth rate of paddy production in all regions (Fig. 2), explained by the positive policy interventions in response to the 2008 rice crisis. Consequently 2007–2010 can be seen as a post-crisis adjustment period. Over this period, countries implemented various policy interventions that have generated positive outcomes in terms of increased production and productivity.

Over the decade, paddy production in Africa increased by 4.80% annually. The growth rate was of the same magnitude (4.19%) for the period 2001–2007, and 6.75% for the period 2007–2010 (Table 34). The growth rates for West and East Africa follow the same pattern as the growth rates for Africa as a whole (Fig. 3). During the 2007–2010 period, the average production in Southern Africa increased by a spectacular 40% as a result of big increases in paddy production in Angola (47.84%) and Zambia (44.30%), while South Africa had a negative growth rate (–4.30%) and Swaziland only 4.21% (Table 58).


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Figure 3. Production growth rates (%)

Overall, the growth rates for the period 2001–2010 are positive in all regions (Fig. 3). The periods 2001–2007 and 2007–2010 show mainly positive growth rates, with the exception of North Africa. The negative growth rate of the North Africa region over the period 2007–2010 (–12.47%) is due to the negative growth in Egypt (–12.67%), Algeria (–18.13%) and Sudan (–2.39%) (Table 57). During 2001–2007, the lowest growth rates were observed for Southern Africa (1.86%) and Central Africa (0.48%) (Table 34). In the period 2001–2007, most countries in Southern Africa showed negative growth rates (Angola, South Africa, Swaziland and Zimbabwe; Table 58), while in Central Africa the low growth rate during 2001–2007 was a result of negative growth rates in Chad, Congo and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), but there were positive growth rates for Cameroon (4.54%), Central African Republic (8.90%) and Gabon (3.61%) (Table 55).

Harvested rice area

In 2009, total harvested paddy area was estimated at 9.38 million hectares (Mha) (Table 32). Based on a calculated growth rate of 2.68% for the period of 2001–2007, the estimated area for 2010 was 9.63 Mha. FAOSTAT (FAO, 2012c) provided an actual figure of 9.05 Mha — which may include official, semi-official and estimated data (Fig. 4).


Figure 4. Harvested rice area in 2009

Table 2. Average harvested paddy area for selected periods (Mha)Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Central Africa 0.58 0.64 0.60East Africa 2.15 2.43 2.26North Africa 0.65 0.68 0.66Southern Africa 0.02 0.04 0.03West Africa 4.88 5.20 5.00Africa 8.29 9.13 8.61

The total harvested paddy areas in Africa increased slightly from 8.29 Mha in 2001–2007 to 9.13 Mha in 2007–2010; the average for 2001–2010 was 8.61 Mha (Table 2, Fig. 5).


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Figure 5. Average harvested area for selected periods (Mha)

Overall, the average annual harvested rice area in West Africa was about 5.20 Mha during the period 2007–2010 and 5.00 Mha over the entire decade (Table 2). Over the period 2001–2007, West Africa harvested an average of 4.88 Mha of paddy rice annually. Over the period 2007–2010, an average of 2.43 Mha of rice was cultivated in East Africa. During 2001–2007 (and overall for the decade), the region’s average annual paddy production area was slightly over 2 Mha. Cultivated areas in Central and North Africa were in the range of 0.60 Mha throughout the entire period. For Africa as a whole, the annual growth rate of the average harvested paddy area was higher in 2007–2010 (4.31%) than in 2001–2007 (2.68%) and 2001–2010 (2.56%). (Table 3, Fig. 6).

Table 3. Average annual growth rates for harvested area for selected periods (%)Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Central Africa 0.78 4.96 2.02East Africa 1.65 6.75 2.71North Africa 2.44 –11.61 0.21Southern Africa 9.00 29.64 14.11West Africa 3.36 1.63 2.15Africa 2.68 4.31 2.56


For the individual regions, all the growth rates were positive (Table 3, Fig. 6), with North Africa in 2007–2010 as the sole exception (–11.61%). For example, due to the boost in harvested area in Angola, Zambia and Zimbabwe, Southern Africa showed increases of 9–29.64%. However, the growth rates for South Africa and Swaziland were negative (Table 46).

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Figure 6. Growth rates of harvested area for selected periods (%)

Yield

Average yield across Africa was 2.61 t/ha in 2009 and 2.63 t/ha in 2010. The average yields for the periods 2001–2007, 2007–2010 and 2001–2010 were 2.31, 2.58 and 2.41 t/ha, respectively (Table 4, Fig. 7). The only region with average yields still less than 1 t/ha is Central Africa, while North Africa has average yields close to 10 t/ha. The average yields in East and Southern Africa range between 2.09 and 2.39 t/ha.


Table 4. Average rice yield for selected periods (t/ha)Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Central Africa 0.92 0.95 0.93East Africa 2.09 2.15 2.11North Africa 9.63 9.83 9.70Southern Africa 2.33 2.39 2.35West Africa 1.56 1.74 1.63Africa 2.31 2.58 2.41

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Figure 7. Average paddy yields (t/ha)

Despite its long tradition in rice cultivation, average yields in West Africa remain below 2 t/ha. The long-term growth rate in rice yield in West Africa was 2% over the whole decade, indicating a gradual improvement in rice productivity.

In general, the growth rates of rice yields for the continent as a whole were positive — 1.48 to 2.34% over the selected periods (Table 33). All regions except Central Africa had positive yield growth rates over all the periods considered (Fig. 8).


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Figure 8. Rice paddy yield growth rates for selected periods (%)

From a critical look at the yield trends during the period of 2001–2010, it is clear that North Africa is far ahead in terms of rice productivity with yields between 9 and 10 t/ha (Fig. 9). In this part of the continent, Egypt is the dominant rice-producing country and most of its rice is irrigated (99.3%). On average, the other regions have yields between 1 t/ha and slightly less than 3 t/ha. Rice produced in these regions comes from diverse rice-growing environments with large proportions of rainfed upland and lowland production systems, which give yields lower than those obtained in irrigated rice systems. In addition, the levels of adoption of improved rice technologies and crop management systems differ.


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Figure 9. Evolution of rice yields in Africa, 2001–2010 (t/ha)

Rice consumption

The estimated total rice consumption in Africa was 21.49 Mt in 2009 and 22.57 Mt in 2010 (Table 37). The total rice consumption data series analyzed covers the period 1961 to 2007. We estimated the growth rate (by country) of the period 2001–2007, which we then used to calculate the consumption figure for the years 2008 to 2010 — i.e. the data for the period 2008–2010 are based on estimates and thus the calculated estimates for the period 2001–2010 include the estimates for the years 2008, 2009 and 2010. On average, annual rice consumption was 17.04 Mt during the period 2001–2007 compared to 21.12 Mt over the period 2007–2010. The average for the decade was 18.40 Mt (Table 5, Fig. 10).

Table 5. Average annual rice consumption for selected periods (Mt)Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Central Africa 0.91 1.25 1.03East Africa 3.59 5.49 4.21North Africa 3.13 3.27 3.17Southern Africa 0.93 1.32 1.06West Africa 8.49 9.80 8.93Africa 17.04 21.12 18.40Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.


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Figure 10. Annual average rice consumption for selected periods (Mt)Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.

These figures are much more than the total quantity of rice produced on the continent. In 2009, paddy production was 24.5 Mt, equivalent to about 16 Mt of milled rice (using 65% milling conversion rate). However, despite the price hikes in 2008, rice consumption in Africa increased faster during the period 2007–2010 (4.41% per year) (Table 6).

Table 6. Total rice consumption growth rates for selected periods (%)Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Central Africa 7.55 7.78 7.46East Africa 7.94 6.72 9.09North Africa 0.62 0.86 0.88Southern Africa 7.28 7.39 7.83West Africa 2.99 3.52 3.20Africa 4.06 4.41 4.59Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.

The growth rates of total rice consumption show an increasing trend during all periods for all regions (Table 6), with Central, East and Southern Africa having growth rates of more than 5%, while in West Africa the growth rates were in the range of 3% (the growth for 2007–2010 was 3.52%). In North Africa, the


growth rate was less than 1%. Although Africa’s total rice consumption has been increasing at over 4% per year, the per-capita rice consumption has increased at a rate of only 1.1% per year, indicating that total rice consumption increase is being driven mainly by population growth. For Africa as a whole, per-capita rice consumption was about 20 kg/year over the period 2007–2010 (Table 7). West Africa is the biggest rice-consuming region, with an average of 33 kg/person per year during the same period. In Southern Africa, rice consumption tended to increase with the average value ranging between 15 and 20 kg/person per year, while Central and East Africa had average figures between 9 and 14 kg/person per year. North Africa was an exception to the continental trend, with per-capita rice consumption decreasing.

Table 7. Per-capita rice consumption and growth rates for selected periods Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Average consumption (kg/person per year)Central Africa 9.02 10.75 9.60East Africa 12.80 14.11 13.24North Africa 16.31 15.75 16.12Southern Africa 14.67 20.11 16.48West Africa 32.18 32.96 32.44Africa 18.94 19.97 19.28Growth rate (%)Central Africa 4.29 4.29 4.14East Africa 2.55 2.55 2.36North Africa –1.07 –1.07 –0.88Southern Africa 6.13 6.13 6.86West Africa 0.41 0.41 0.48Africa 1.06 1.06 1.13Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.

Self-sufficiency

Africa’s rice self-sufficiency indicates how much Africa’s own production covers total consumption needs, i.e. it gives the ratio of domestic production to total consumption. The decade 2001–2010 witnessed a rice self-sufficiency ratio of approximately 64.7% which is slightly better than the ratio for the period 2001–2007 (Table 8, Fig. 11).


Table 8. Self-sufficiency ratio for selected periods (%)Region 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Central Africa 36.5 37.4 37.2East Africa 74.6 75.8 75.5North Africa 114.0 107.7 110.9 Southern Africa 1.7 2.8 2.2West Africa 50.5 54.9 52.4Africa 63.8 65.9 64.7Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.

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Figure 11. Average self-sufficiency ratios for selected periods (%)Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.

This slight improvement in self-sufficiency is expected given the improvement in domestic rice production. In North Africa, the rice self-sufficiency ratio dropped from 110.1% in 2009 to 101.2% in 2010 (Table 38) mainly due to variation in production by the major rice-producing country (Egypt). The self-sufficiency ratio in Egypt dropped from 114.4% in 2009 to 109.3% in 2010 (Table 87). The FAO Rice Market Monitor for January 2012 (FAO, 2012a) gives paddy production in Egypt as 5.5 Mt in 2009 and 5.2 Mt in 2010. East Africa had a self-sufficiency ratio of over 70% during 2001–2007 and 2001–2010, compared to 1.7-2.2% for Southern Africa. There are few rice-producing countries in Southern Africa (Angola, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe) — Botswana, Namibia and Lesotho do not produce rice. In West Africa, more than 50% of the total consumption was covered by domestic rice supply over the decade; during the period of 2007–2010, the ratio reached over 54.9%


Central Africa covered about 36.5% of its needs through its own production during the period of 2001–2007 and about 37% over the whole decade. The latter figure reflects a stagnation in the region’s self-sufficiency because the ratio was about 37.4% during the period 2007–2010.

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Figure 12. Evolution of self-sufficiency ratio in the regionsSource of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.

Outlook for 2011 and beyond

One important question is whether Africa’s potential can protect the continent from future food crises, which seem to be becoming periodic. As stated by FAO (2011d), “the food prices will likely remain volatile and efforts need to be scaled up at all levels to strengthen the resilience of small farmers to future shocks and to improve food and nutrition security over the long term.” Many countries have taken policy measures to counteract the negative effects of the food-price hikes and rice is receiving priority attention. These countries have taken cognizance of the real challenges for achieving food security for their populations. The measures taken incorporate policy and technical priorities, but further measures are needed that take into account commodity price movements on the international markets. The July 2011 FAO Global Food Price Monitor (FAO, 2011b) states that the “Export prices of rice, which have been declining since February [2011], rebounded in June (2011). The benchmark Thai rice price (Thai white rice 100% B) averaged USD 524 per tonne, 5 percent higher than in May [2011] and 10 percent above its level in June 2010.” This


is a signal of the commodity’s price volatility, which calls for short-, medium- and long-term actions for rice self-sufficiency in Africa. It is expected that the various positive measures since the rice crisis will yield substantial gains by ensuring higher productivity. However, among the measures needed to provide shelter against price volatility in agricultural markets, FAO is advising countries to “improve market functioning and equip countries to better cope with the adverse effects of extreme volatility” (FAO, 2010).

FAO’s first forecast of world paddy production in 2011 portends a 3% increase from the 2010 season to 720 million tonnes (480 million tonnes, milled basis). It relies on expectations of improved weather conditions. The bulk of the increase is again expected to stem from good performances in Asia, with output also anticipated to increase in Europe, Oceania and Latin America and the Caribbean. By contrast, little change is foreseen in Africa, while prospects are negative in North America (FAO, 2011a).

For countries that rely on international markets to fill the gap between domestic rice production and demand, measures to boost domestic production are required.

These Africa Rice Trends indicate positive growth rates for total rice consumption over the selected periods. These growth rates are in the range of 4.06–4.59%. For instance, given the 2001–2010 growth rate of 4.59%, and all other things being equal, rice consumption can be projected to 43.45 Mt in 2020 — some 202% of the 2009 total consumption level (21.49 Mt). By using the estimated growth rates for the period 2001–2010 for the various countries, the projections of total consumption were made for all countries up to 2020: an estimated average total consumption of 32.3 Mt over the period 2011–2020 with a growth rate of 6.89% (Fig. 13). West Africa would have an estimated average of 13.2 Mt with a growth rate of 4.8%. This indicates an upward trend in total rice consumption, which is likely to continue in the medium term and will thus require an increase in domestic rice production or rice imports. The same projections made for paddy production have show that paddy production in Africa would reach an estimated 41.34 Mt (equivalent to 26.87 Mt of milled rice, using a conversion rate of 0.65 of paddy rice into milled rice). For the entire period 2011–2020, average paddy production would reach 31.7 Mt (20.6 Mt milled basis) with a growth rate of 6.20%. This would require cultivating an area of 12.13 Mha at the 2009 average yield level of 2.61 t/ha. However, by making the same projections for the harvested areas using the estimated growth rates for the period 2001–2010, Africa’s total harvested area would reach 13.25 Mha by 2020 and an average of 11.00 Mha for the period 2011–2020, with a growth


rate of 3.97%. With the expected productivity increase, the rate of expansion of harvested area may decrease slightly. In relation to the quantity of rice imports, this needs to be viewed in conjunction with the consumption patterns of the other major cereals which may serve as substitutes for rice.

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Figure 13. Projections of rice production and total consumption in Africa (Mt milled equivalent).Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice projection estimates for 2011–2020.

Overview of recent developments in West Africa

Production

Since 2008, paddy production in West Africa has exceeded 10 Mt per year. According to FAO (2012a), paddy production in West Africa was 11.5 Mt (7.475 Mt milled rice basis) in 2009 and more than 12.5 Mt (8.13 Mt milled rice basis) in 2010, indicating a slight increase in production. The annual growth rate of paddy production for the decade was 5.78%, compared to a rate of 4.61% during the period 2001–2007. However, for 2007–2010, the growth rate was 10.13% (Table 54). The average annual paddy production in the period 2007–2010 was 9.92 Mt (6.45 Mt milled rice basis) compared to 7.75 Mt (5.04 Mt milled rice basis) over the period 2001–2007 and 8.60 Mt (5.59 Mt milled rice basis) average for the whole decade (Table 9).


Table 9. Average milled rice production† (tonnes) for selected periods in West AfricaCountry‡ 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010

Benin 42,478 79,687 57,176Burkina Faso 59,902 115,450 83,632Côte d’Ivoire 431,657 425,747 433,048The Gambia 15,461 37,145 24,940Ghana 163,201 222,674 191,264Guinea 788,471 983,057 854,049Guinea-Bissau 63,336 97,992 75,261Liberia 94,306 181,354 123,488Mali 592,692 1,131,921 797,298Mauritania 48,785 64,687 54,684Niger 46,401 24,718 37,818Nigeria 2,128,750 2,272,782 2,192,148Senegal 137,046 277,509 194,366Sierra Leone 380,531 481,337 420,686Togo 45,114 52,798 47,834West Africa 5,038,132 6,448,858 5,587,693† A conversion rate of 0.65 of paddy into milled rice is used.‡ No data for Cape Verde in FAOSTAT.

The largest rice producers in West Africa are Nigeria (over 2 Mt milled rice), Guinea (0.79–0.98 Mt milled rice), Mali (0.59–1.13 Mt milled rice), Côte d’Ivoire (less than 0.45 Mt milled rice), Sierra Leone (about 0.38–0.48 Mt milled rice), Senegal (0.14–0.28 Mt milled rice), and Ghana (0.16–0.22 Mt milled rice). All the remaining countries in West Africa produce less than 0.2 Mt milled rice per year.

The largest producers registered positive production growth rates during the period 2001–2010: Côte d’Ivoire (0.25%), Ghana (4.86%), Guinea (5.10%), Mali (12.38%), Nigeria (2.40%), Senegal (12.51%) and Sierra Leone (10.88%). Other countries that registered substantial growth rates were Benin (12.26%), Burkina Faso (10.46%), The Gambia (12.93%), Liberia (13.56%) and Guinea-Bissau (8.91%) (Table 10).


Harvested rice area and yield

The area harvested in West Africa was 5.23 Mha in 2009 and 5.29 Mha in 2010 (Table 42). On average, harvested area in West Africa increased at a rate of 2.15% over the decade (Table 10). The positive growth over the decade was due to major increases within some countries. For instance, The Gambia showed a growth rate of 24.16%, while Mali, Burkina Faso, Senegal and Liberia registered growth rates between 5% and 10%. The remaining countries had growth rates of less than 5%. Nigeria and Niger had negative growth rates (Tables 10 and 54).

Table 10. Average annual growth rates (%) of yield, harvested area and production in West Africa, 2001–2010Country† Area Yield ProductionBenin 4.83 7.08 12.26Burkina Faso 8.80 1.53 10.46Côte d’Ivoire 1.54 –1.27 0.25The Gambia 24.16 –5.33 12.93Ghana 3.04 2.29 4.86Guinea 4.28 0.79 5.10Guinea-Bissau 3.19 5.55 8.91Liberia 7.60 5.54 13.56Mali 6.16 4.95 12.38Mauritania 4.31 1.76 5.76Niger –3.96 –5.21 –11.96 Nigeria –1.40 3.86 2.40Senegal 6.60 5.54 12.51Sierra Leone 4.19 7.20 10.88Togo 2.39 2.80 3.79West Africa 2.15 2.00 5.78† No data for Cape Verde in FAOSTAT.

The 2009 and 2010 yields for West Africa were the same — averaging 1.8 t/ha (Table 48). Over the whole decade, however, yield increased positively at an annual rate of 2% (Table 10). Countries in West Africa with positive yield growth rates of more than 5% were Benin, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Senegal, and Sierra Leone. A second group of countries recorded positive growth rates of 2–5%: Ghana, Mali, Nigeria, and Togo. A third group recorded less than 2% growth rate: Burkina Faso, Guinea, and Mauritania. A final group recorded


negative growth rates: Côte d’Ivoire, The Gambia, and Niger (Tables 10 and 48).The growth rates in harvested area coupled with the increases in yield explain the increases in total paddy production, which overall increased by 5.78% over the decade (Tables 10 and 54).

Over the decade, paddy rice yield in Africa stood at 1.63 t/ha, while the period 2007–2010 witnessed an average of 1.74 t/ha (Table 11). All these periods showed yields higher than the average yield of the period 2001 2007 of 1.56 t/ha. The relatively higher average yield of the period 2007 2010 can be explained by the improvement in the yields of the individual countries. In fact, apart from a few exceptions (Côte d’Ivoire, The Gambia and Niger), all the remaining countries showed yields during the period 2007–2010 that were higher than those for the decade. For each period, the yields can be grouped into four categories: (1) over 3 t/ha, (2) 3–2 t/ha, (3) less than 2 t/ha and over 1.5 t/ha, and (4) below 1.5 t/ha. For the period 2001–2007, the countries with yields of over 3 t/ha were Mauritania and Niger. Benin, Ghana, Mali, Senegal and Togo had yields between 3 and 2 t/ha. Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea and The Gambia obtained yields over 1.5 t/ha but less than 2 t/ha. Guinea-Bissau, Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Liberia had yields less than 1.5 t/ha.

For the period 2007–2010, Benin, Mauritania and Senegal obtained yields over 3 t/ha, while Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Niger and Togo were the countries with yield between 3 and 2 t/ha. The remaining countries showed yields below 2 t/ha but over 1.5 t/ha (Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Nigeria and Sierra Leone), and yields below 1.5 t/ha (The Gambia and Liberia).

Over the decade (2001–2010), only Mauritania showed a yield figure over 4 t/ha, while all other countries had yields below 3 t/ha, with Benin, Niger and Senegal closer to 3 t/ha; Ghana, Mali and Togo over 2 t/ha; Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, The Gambia and Guinea closer to 2 t/ha; and Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Nigeria and Sierra Leone were below the average yield of the region (1.63 t/ha).


Table 11. Average rice yields in West Africa for selected periods (t/ha)Country† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Benin 2.44 3.40 2.82Burkina Faso 1.91 2.05 1.98Côte d’Ivoire 1.90 1.74 1.86The Gambia 1.65 1.44 1.66Ghana 2.07 2.35 2.22Guinea 1.75 1.82 1.78Guinea-Bissau 1.46 1.85 1.58Liberia 1.11 1.45 1.21Mali 2.21 2.81 2.42Mauritania 4.37 4.85 4.53Niger 3.33 2.39 2.97Nigeria 1.38 1.69 1.51Senegal 2.47 3.34 2.82Sierra Leone 1.14 1.56 1.28Togo 2.19 2.50 2.31West Africa 1.56 1.74 1.63† No data for Cape Verde in FAOSTAT.

Consumption

Rice consumption has been increasing rapidly in West Africa, from a level of 9.3 Mt in 2007 to an estimated 9.96 Mt in 2009 and 10.32 Mt in 2010 (Table 37). The average quantities were 8.49 Mt, 9.80 Mt and 8.93 Mt for the three selected periods (2001–2007, 2007–2010, and 2001–2010, respectively). Despite the sharp increase in rice prices on the international market, rice consumption increased significantly by a rate of 3.52% over the period 2007–2010, from 2.99% per year in 2001–2007; overall annual growth over the decade was 3.20%. At the same time, the quantities of rice imported into the region increased at a rate of 2.21% over the decade. However, during the rice-crisis period 2007–2010, imports grew by only 1.4% in comparison with 2.1% for the period 2001–2007 (Table 35). For the majority of countries, the trends in rice consumption are positive for all periods with some variation between periods. The countries with the highest growth rates over the whole decade were Benin (17.41%), The Gambia (10.20%) and Liberia (8.77%). Other countries with substantial growth rates were Ghana (6.36%), Côte d’Ivoire (6.07%), Togo (5.81%), and Mauritania (5.71%). A third group of countries had positive growth rates less


than 5%: Sierra Leone (4.59%), Cape Verde (4.48%), Mali (4.26%), Senegal (4.01%), Guinea (2.49%), Niger (0.68%) and Nigeria (0.40%). Only Guinea-Bissau (–0.11%) and Burkina Faso (–4.80%) recorded negative growth rates for consumption (Table 12).

Highest per-capita rice consumption for the decade was in Guinea, followed by Sierra Leone; lowest per-capita consumption was in Burkina Faso and Niger (Fig. 14; see also Table 78).

Table 12. Growth rates of rice consumption in West Africa for selected periods (%)Country 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Benin 19.71 19.71 17.41Burkina Faso –3.04 –3.04 –4.80Cape Verde 5.89 5.89 4.48Côte d’Ivoire 5.31 5.31 6.07The Gambia 7. 55 7.55 10.20Ghana 5.02 5.02 6.36Guinea 2.12 2.12 2.49Guinea-Bissau –1.17 –1.17 –0.11Liberia 7.60 7.60 8.77Mali 4.48 4.48 4.26Mauritania 6.96 6.96 5.71Niger 3.50 3.50 0.68Nigeria 0.57 0.57 0.40Senegal 3.63 3.63 4.01Sierra Leone 4.00 4.00 4.59Togo 7.45 7.45 5.81West Africa 2.99 3.52 3.20Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.


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Figure 14. Average per-capita rice consumption (kg/year) in West Africa during 2001–2010

Self-sufficiency ratio

With its increase in production, West Africa improved its self-sufficiency level during the period 2007–2010 (Table 13): the average self-sufficiency ratio for 2007–2010 was 54.9%, indicating a level of reliance on rice imports of about 45%. However, over the whole decade, the self-sufficiency ratio was 52.4%, suggesting a greater dependence on imports prior to 2008 (the self-sufficiency ratio was just 50.5% during the period 2001–2007). The relative improvement in the region’s self-sufficiency during the period 2007–2010 was brought about by the improvements in the individual countries’ self-sufficiency ratios. Based on the annual growth rates of the self-sufficiency ratios over the period 2007–2010 (Table 84), countries which made great improvement were Benin (113.5%), The Gambia (74.2%), Senegal (49.8%), Ghana (30.9%), Togo (15.9%) and Burkina Faso (12.9%). Over the period 2001–2010, the countries with notable improvements in annual growth rates of their self-sufficiency ratios were: Senegal (9.4%), Guinea-Bissau (6.7%), Burkina Faso (5.7%), Ghana (5.2%), Sierra Leone (4.4%) and Mali (2.1%). Countries with more than 50% average self-sufficiency ratios across all three periods were: Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Nigeria and Sierra Leone. These countries showed self-sufficiency ratios higher than the region’s average. With the exception of Mauritania, most of the remaining countries showed ratios below the average of the region for all periods.


Table 13. Average national self-sufficiency ratios in West Africa for selected periods (%)Country† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Benin 16.7 25.6 21.2Burkina Faso 25.5 36.7 30.2Côte d’Ivoire 37.2 34.0 36.3The Gambia 19.6 21.4 21.7Ghana 26.6 36.8 31.1Guinea 77.0 77.9 77.7Guinea-Bissau 50.9 69.3 56.2Liberia 43.1 47.3 43.9Mali 78.8 89.5 82.6Mauritania 55.4 40.5 50.0Niger 20.7 15.5 18.4Nigeria 62.3 64.4 63.0Senegal 15.3 26.1 20.0Sierra Leone 74.1 79.1 75.7Togo 40.3 35.2 38.4West Africa 50.5 54.9 52.4Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010 total consumption data.† No data for Cape Verde in FAOSTAT.

Overview of recent developments in Central Africa

Production

Paddy production in Central Africa has been fluctuating around half a million tonnes (Table 34). The most recent figures show 562,859 tonnes of paddy rice produced in 2009 and 664,781 tonnes in 2010. In general, the growth rate of production in Central Africa has been modest; it has moved from a low rate of 0.48% to 6.32% for the periods 2001–2007 and 2007–2010, respectively. For the entire decade, the growth rate was estimated at 2.11%. Central Africa harvested an annual average of 0.53, 0.59 and 0.55 Mt over the periods 2001–2007, 2007–2010, and 2001–2010, respectively. These quantities translate into 0.34, 0.38, and 0.36 Mt milled rice equivalent, respectively (Table 14). The biggest rice-producing countries in the region were: the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which produces more than 50% of the domestic rice supply of the


region; Chad, with more than 20% of the region’s production; and Cameroon, which contributes approximately 13% of the region’s paddy production (Tables 14 and 55).

Table 14. Average milled rice production† for selected periods in Central Africa (tonnes)Country‡ 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Cameroon 36,665 62,575 46,258Central African Republic 22,109 24,972 23,021Chad 76,682 87,367 81,710Congo 853 969 900DRC 205,944 206,365 206,155Gabon 729 826 769Central Africa 342,981 383,075 358,813† A conversion rate of 0.67 of paddy into milled rice is used.‡ No data for Equatorial Guinea and São Tomé and Príncipe in FAOSTAT.


Overall, the growth rates in harvested area, yield and production were moderate in the period 2001–2010 (Table 15). Despite this, a few countries succeeded in registering growth rates that have helped maintain the positive growth for the region as a whole. Specifically, Cameroon and Central African Republic had positive growth rates above the regional averages. Chad and Gabon also registered good progress in terms of area and production. But, DRC did not perform very well in the period.

Table 15. Growth rates (%) of harvested area, yield and production in Central Africa, 2001–2010Country† Area Yield ProductionCameroon 16.97 0.21 9.94Central African Republic 4.02 4.76 4.94Chad 2.38 –0.66 1.70Congo 1.01 1.18 2.21DRC –0.09 0.04 –0.05Gabon 1.17 2.34 3.53Central Africa 2.02 0.45 2.11† No data for Equatorial Guinea and São Tome and Príncipe in FAOSTAT.


In 2009, rice area harvested in Central Africa was 652,053 ha. The area was estimated at 690,374 ha in 2010. Annual average harvested areas in the region were 0.58, 0.64 and 0.60 Mha for the periods 2001–2007, 2007–2010 and 2001–2010, respectively (Table 32). The countries with largest harvested areas were DRC, Cameroon and Chad (Table 43). The growth in harvested area was greater than the growth in yield (Tables 15 and 16), indicating that much of the increase in the region’s production is the result of area expansion. For all the selected periods, Cameroon had the highest growth rates of harvested area, with 16% for 2001–2007 and about 17% for the decade as a whole (Table 16). Even though its contribution to total harvested area of the region is very small, Central African Republic’s rice area increased from an average of 19,852 ha (2001–2007) to 23,288 ha (2007–2010). Congo registered a growth rate of 11.5% in 2007–2010. Chad, Congo and Gabon registered positive growth rates in area over the whole decade.

Table 16. Average harvested areas and growth rates in Central AfricaCountry† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Average harvested area (ha)Cameroon 43,393 87,570 58,576Central African Republic 19,852 23,288 20,705Chad 92,926 108,662 100,513Congo 1,904 2,045 1,981DRC 419,651 419,550 419,698Gabon 482 520 498Central Africa 578,208 641,635 601,971Growth rate (%)Cameroon 16.10 23.69 16.97Central African Republic 8.32 –11.21 4.02Chad –2.16 12.27 2.38Congo –2.35 11.51 1.01DRC –0.29 0.12 –0.09Gabon –0.41 3.75 1.17Central Africa 0.78 4.96 2.02† No data for Equatorial Guinea and São Tomé and Príncipe in FAOSTAT.


The aggregate yield in Central Africa is low — about 1 t/ha. The aggregate yields did not improve much over the decade (Table 17). Despite this, a few countries in the region performed well with yields in the range of 2 t/ha: Cameroon (1.6 t/ha), Central African Republic (2.0 t/ha) and Gabon (2.4 t/ha) (Table 49). On average for all the selected periods, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad and Gabon had yields higher than the region’s average.

Table 17. Average yields and growth rates in Central AfricaCountry† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Average yields (t/ha)Cameroon 1.45 1.76 1.62Central African Republic 1.73 2.24 1.96Chad 1.27 1.26 1.26Congo 0.69 0.73 0.70DRC 0.75 0.76 0.76Gabon 2.33 2.45 2.37Central Africa 0.92 0.95 0.93Growth rates (%)Cameroon –9.96 7.79 0.21Central African Republic 0.53 12.25 4.76Chad 0.53 –7.68 –0.66 Congo 1.95 –2.31 1.18DRC 0.00 0.09 0.04Gabon 4.04 2.78 2.34Central Africa –0.36 1.49 0.45† No data for Equatorial Guinea and São Tomé and Príncipe in FAOSTAT.

Consumption

Rice consumption was estimated to have reached 1.29 Mt in 2009 and 1.39 Mt in 2010 (Table 37). Average annual consumption over the period 2007–2010 was 1.25 Mt, which is an increase over the average amount (0.91 Mt) consumed during the period 2001–2007. Overall, for the decade, rice consumption in the region was about 1.025 Mt. The growth in rice consumption in Central Africa increased more than 7% over each of the three selected periods (Table 18). Specifically, the growth rates were 7.55%, 7.78% and 7.46% for 2001–2007, 2007–2010 and 2001–2010, respectively. The countries with the highest growth


rates in the region were Cameroon, Central African Republic, and DRC. For all the periods, the growth rates for these countries were higher than the average for the region, because Chad and São Tomé and Príncipe had negative growth rates, while Congo and Gabon had low growth rates. The growth rate in Congo was, however, 8.31% over the decade.

Table 18. Growth rates of rice consumption in Central Africa for selected periods (%)Country† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Cameroon 8.99 8.99 7.82Central African Republic 10.88 10.88 12.89Chad –1.83 –1.83 –2.28Congo 1.97 1.97 8.31DRC 9.34 9.34 9.20Gabon 2.19 2.19 2.14São Tomé and Príncipe –2.20 –2.20 –3.17Central Africa 7.55 7.78 7.46Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.† No data for Equatorial Guinea in FAOSTAT.

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Figure 15. Per-capita rice consumption (kg/year), Central Africa, 2001–2010Note: No data for Equatorial Guinea in FAOSTAT.



Central Africa’s rice self-sufficiency was 34.4% in 2009 and 45.2% in 2010 (Table 34), reflecting very low self-sufficiency ratios for some countries in 2009 (Cameroon, Congo and Gabon), while Chad (99.1%), Central African Republic (80.7%) and DRC (74.6%) all had high self-sufficiency ratios (Table 85). In 2009, Cameroon, Congo and Gabon were the most import-dependent among the rice-producing countries in the region (or, rather, those for which FAOSTAT has rice-production data), according to their very low rice self-sufficiency ratios: less than 10% (Cameroon) and less than 2% (Congo and Gabon) (Table 85). In Central Africa as a whole, production growth was relatively slow (2.11% over 2001–2010), while consumption grew at more than 7%, resulting in consequent negative growth in self-sufficiency ratio (Tables 19 and 85).

Table 19. Central African average self-sufficiency ratios for selected periods (%)Country† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Cameroon 10.01 13.13 11.37Central African Republic 88.43 86.52 87.42Chad 97.43 96.66 96.94Congo 1.74 1.66 1.79DRC 59.49 72.59 64.10Gabon 2.01 1.40 1.80Central Africa 36.48 37.44 37.23Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.† No data for Equatorial Guinea in FAOSTAT.

Overview of recent developments in East Africa

Production

East Africa is the third largest rice-producing region in Africa, with more than 6 Mt of paddy produced in 2009 and over 6.5 Mt in 2010 (Table 34). During the period 2007–2010, East Africa produced an average of 5.9 Mt of paddy rice per year, which is the equivalent to 3.83 Mt of milled rice. The largest rice-producing countries in the region are Madagascar and Tanzania, followed by Uganda (Table 20). The volume of paddy production in the region has been increasing with growth rates of 4.57%, 9.63% and 5.61% for the periods 2001–2007, 2007–2010 and 2001–2010, respectively (Table 34). The largest rice-producing countries have contributed to these performances, but


a few of the relatively small producers have also registered increases in paddy production. For instance, Mozambique registered a growth rate of 17.94% in 2007–2010 (Table 56).

Table 20. Average milled rice production† (tonnes) for selected periods and countries in East AfricaCountry‡ 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Burundi 42,392 49,864 45,010Comoros 12,520 12,491 12,655Ethiopia 8,255 13,955 10,630Kenya 32,924 37,008 34,779Madagascar 1,947,627 2,544,331 2,186,071Malawi 52,833 82,589 62,663Mozambique 68,516 79,764 73,064Réunion 88 109 94Rwanda 27,652 52,378 36,278Somalia 9,549 10,349 9,784Tanzania 717,171 833,151 748,059Uganda 88,771 118,968 99,197East Africa 3,008,297 3,834,956 3,318,284† A conversion rate of 0.67 of paddy into milled rice is used.‡ No data for Djibouti, Eritrea, Mauritius and Seychelles in FAOSTAT.


As with paddy production, harvested rice area has been increasing in East Africa. The growth rate in area was estimated at 2.71% for 2001–2010 — less than the growth rate in production (5.61%), but considerably more than the growth in yield (1.18%) (Table 21). The growth rates in area were positive for all countries, ranging from a low of 1.14% in Madagascar to highs of 13.86% in Somalia, 12.31% in Rwanda and 7.64% in Uganda. Kenya, Tanzania and Ethiopia also registered high growth rates in harvested area. Improvements in yields have not been of the same magnitude as those for area and production.


Table 21. Growth rates (%) of harvested area, yield and production for East African countries, 2001–2010Country† Area Yield ProductionBurundi 2.26 1.19 3.47Comoros 1.37 –1.34 0.01Ethiopia 6.70 0.49 7.22Kenya 6.68 1.14 3.69Madagascar 1.14 5.68 6.17Malawi 2.49 4.46 7.06Mozambique 2.18 –2.48 0.96Réunion 4.86 0.15 5.02Rwanda 12.31 6.08 20.74 Somalia 13.86 –3.70 9.64Tanzania 5.22 –1.40 3.75Uganda 7.64 –0.76 6.82East Africa 2.71 1.18 5.61† No data for Djibouti, Eritrea, Mauritius and Seychelles in FAOSTAT.

Consumption

Rice consumption in East Africa is high (Table 37) — estimated at 5.60 Mt and 6.08 Mt in 2009 and 2010, respectively. On average, the region’s rice consumption figures evolved from 3.59 Mt for 2001–2007 to 5.49 Mt for 2007–2010; the figure for the whole decade was 4.21 Mt. The respective growth rates during these periods were 7.94%, 6.72% and 9.09% (Table 22). The countries with high growth rates in rice consumption — i.e. more than or close to 10% — were Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique and Rwanda. The largest rice-producing countries in the region (Tanzania and Uganda) had relatively low consumption growth rates.

Per-capita consumption was highest in Madagascar and lowest in Eritrea (Fig. 16 and Table 80).


Table 22. Growth rates (%) of rice consumption for selected countries in East AfricaCountry 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Burundi 6.68 6.68 6.87Comoros 2.43 2.43 3.36Djibouti 1.69 1.69 1.54Eritrea –20.12 –20.12 –18.38Ethiopia 20.61 20.61 22.08Kenya 11.00 11.00 9.48Madagascar 7.74 4.78 10.04Malawi 5.73 5.73 6.09Mauritius –0.48 –0.48 –0.30Mozambique 18.51 18.51 18.73Rwanda 13.50 13.50 13.48Seychelles 8.99 8.99 6.96Tanzania 4.34 4.34 3.57Uganda 6.68 6.68 6.35East Africa 7.94 6.72 9.09Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Madagascar

Comoros

Mauritius

Djibouti

Seychelles

Tanzania

Mozambique

Kenya

Burundi

Rwanda

Uganda

Malawi

Ethiopia

Eritrea

Figure 16. Per-capita rice consumption (kg/year) in East Africa, 2001–2010Note: No data for Réunion and Somalia in FAOSTAT.



The self-sufficiency ratio of East Africa as a whole was around 75% over the three periods (Table 23). Madagascar, the largest rice-producing country of the region, was more than 90% self-sufficient during the three selected periods, while Tanzania, another important rice-producing country, was between 87 and 96% self-sufficient. Burundi and Malawi were also close to self-sufficiency over the three periods, but these two countries have very low per-capita rice consumption. Uganda had between 68 and 74% of self-sufficiency, while Rwanda was between 64 and 68%. The high self-sufficiency ratios in the region explain the relatively low growth rates of rice imports in East Africa over the period of 2001–2010 (7.54%). However, the growth rate of rice imports for the period 2001–2007 and 2007–2010 was 15.32% and –0.97% (Table 35).

Table 23. Self-sufficiency ratios for selected periods (%) in East AfricaCountry† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Burundi 91.78 85.96 89.93Comoros 29.56 24.38 28.16Ethiopia 34.98 20.04 31.07Kenya 14.60 12.15 13.99Madagascar 91.72 94.36 92.81Malawi 96.20 99.67 97.05Mozambique 30.12 17.26 26.73Rwanda 63.95 67.60 64.91Somalia 9.29 11.16 10.15Tanzania 87.20 95.81 89.67Uganda 68.09 74.37 70.57East Africa 74.60 75.77 75.46Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.† No data for Djibouti, Eritrea, Mauritius, Réunion and Seychelles in FAOSTAT.

Overview of recent developments in North AfricaProductionNorth Africa is the second largest rice-producing region in Africa. In 2009, North African paddy production was 7.55 Mt, but this level dropped to 4.4 Mt of paddy in 2010 (Table 34). During the period 2007–2010, North Africa produced an average of 6.3 Mt of paddy rice per year, which is the equivalent to 4.21 Mt of milled rice. North Africa’s rice production is dominated by Egypt,


the major rice-producing country of the region (Table 24). The volume of paddy production in the region increased by 3.72% per year over the period 2001–2007, but a real decrease was observed during the period 2007–2010 with a growth rate estimated at –12.47% (Table 57). Since Egypt is the main driving force of the region’s paddy production, it was also observed that Egypt’s production witnessed a negative growth rate in 2007–2010 (–12.67%). Over the decade, the growth rate of production was only 0.59%. Morocco and Sudan, which contribute only a small amount of the region’s paddy production, obtained positive growth rates in both 2001–2007 and 2001–2010. Over the three periods, Morocco showed positive growth rates in the range of 3.25–9.55%, while Sudan’s production grew 18.74% in 2001–2007 and 10.29% over the decade, but –2.39 in 2007–2010.

Table 24. Average milled rice production† (tonnes) for selected periods and countries in North AfricaCountry‡ 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Algeria 228 213 219Egypt 4,174,859 4,348,250 4,200,954Morocco 21,296 26,715 23,372Sudan 13,376 16,557 14,445North Africa 4,209,759 4,391,735 4,238,990† A conversion rate of 0.67 of paddy into milled rice is used.‡ No data for Libya and Tunisia in FAOSTAT.


Harvested rice area in North Africa decreased from 760,731 ha in 2009 to 473,465 ha in 2010 (Table 32). The pattern of harvested area growth has been fluctuating: from 2.44% in 2001–2007, it dropped to –11.61% in 2007–2010 due to an average –11.96% reduction in the area harvested in Egypt. However, over the decade, harvested rice area grew slowly (0.21%). At the regional level, yield growth rate was estimated over the decade at 0.80%, which was higher than the growth rates of both harvested area (0.21%) and production (0.59%) (Table 25). All the countries contributing to the region’s paddy production obtained positive yield growth rates with Sudan exhibiting the highest rate (9.58%) followed by Morocco (5.13%) (Table 45). Harvested area growth rates were relatively very low – even negative for Algeria (–1.48%). With the exception of Algeria, the combined result of these variations in yield and area translated into positive production growth rates over the decade for all countries and for the region as a whole.


Table 25. Growth rates (%) of harvested area, yield and production for North Africa countries, 2001–2010Country† Area Yield ProductionAlgeria –1.48 0.14 –1.34Egypt 0.20 0.34 0.54Morocco 0.04 5.13 5.17Sudan 0.64 9.58 10.29North Africa 0.21 0.80 0.59† No data for Libya and Tunisia in FAOSTAT.

Consumption

Total rice consumption in North Africa is high, in at third place on the continent after West Africa and East Africa (Table 37), estimated at 3.3 Mt in both 2009 and 2010. On average, North Africa’s rice consumption figures evolved from 3.1 Mt in 2001–2007 to 3.3 Mt in 2007–2010; the figure for the whole decade was 3.2 Mt. The respective growth rates during these periods were 0.62%, 0.86% and 0.88% (Table 26). Across all periods, the countries with high growth rates in rice consumption — between 6 and 17% — were Algeria (7.7–8.4%), Morocco (6.1–8.3%), Sudan (12–17.5%) and Tunisia (9.3–12.3%) (Table 26).

In North Africa, per-capita rice consumption was highest in Egypt and Libya; the remaining countries consume about 2 kg/capita per year, with less than 1 kg/capita per year in Morocco (Fig. 17 and Table 81).

Table 26. Growth rates (%) of rice consumption for selected countries in North AfricaCountry 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Algeria 8.37 8.37 7.71Egypt 0.09 0.09 0.45Libya 0.01 0.01 –0.02Morocco 6.14 6.14 8.34Sudan 17.49 17.49 11.96Tunisia 12.34 12.34 9.25North Africa 0.62 0.86 0.88Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.


0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0

Egypt

Libya

Algeria

Sudan

Tunisia

Morocco

Per-capita rice consumption (kg/year)

Figure 17. Per-capita rice consumption (kg/year) in North Africa, 2001–2010.


North Africa is the only African region that is self-sufficient in rice, with a ratio of 110.1% in 2009 and 101.2% in 2010 (Table 38). Over the three periods, North Africa showed self-sufficiency ratios in the range 107.7–114.0% with Egypt being the major contributing country to this performance (Table 27). Morocco followed with average self-sufficiency ratio in the range 75.3–86.2%, while for Algeria the ratio was below 0.5% over all periods. Sudan reached 32.5% self-sufficiency over the period 2007–2010, which was an improvement over its level of 19.2% in 2001–2007, but for the entire decade the ratio was just 24.3%. Overall, the annual growth rates of the national self-sufficiency ratios across all periods fluctuated, but Sudan’s self-sufficiency ratio showed positive growth rates over all periods, reaching 22.0% for period 2007–2010 and 10.5% for the entire decade (Table 87).


Table 27. Self-sufficiency ratios for selected periods (%) in North AfricaCountry† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Algeria 0.4 0.3 0.3Egypt 123.6 115.3 119.5Morocco 86.2 75.3 83.8Sudan 19.2 32.5 24.3North Africa 114.0 107.7 110.9Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.† No data in FAOSTAT for Libya or Tunisia.

Overview of recent developments in Southern Africa

Production

Southern Africa is the smallest rice-producing region on the continent with just 59,581 tonnes of paddy produced in 2009 (38,728 tonnes milled rice equivalent) (Table 34). Production is much lower than demand; consequently, the level of imports to the region grew at 3.41% during the period 2001–2010. The period 2007–2010 witnessed a reduction in rice imports of about 6.10% (Table 35) due to a boost in paddy production in the region (Table 28). Over the period 2007–2010, paddy production in Southern Africa registered a growth rate of 40.00% (Table 34), mainly due to the increase in paddy production in Angola (47.84%) and Zambia (44.30%). Over the whole decade, production growth grew at 11.26% (Table 58).

Table 28. Average annual milled rice production (tonnes) for selected periods and countries in Southern AfricaCountry† 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Angola 4,752 6,767 5,732South Africa 2,076 1,958 2,022Swaziland 68 64 68Zambia 9,606 22,088 14,369Zimbabwe 411 260 366Southern Africa 16,912 31,137 22,556† Botswana, Lesotho and Namibia do not produce any rice.



Total harvested rice area in Southern Africa was at 51,165 ha in 2009 (Table 32), compared to 35,396 ha in 2008, indicating a large increase. The growth of harvested area in 2001–2007 was 9.00% per year (Table 29). The region registered a greater increase in 2007–2010, with a growth rate of 29.64% per year, while for the entire decade the growth rate in harvested area was 14.11% (Tables 29 and 32). During all the periods, the increase in harvested area mostly resulted from increases in Angola and Zambia, which registered growth rates of 38.82% and 25.16%, respectively, in 2007–2010 (Table 46).

Table 29. Growth rates (%) of harvest area, yield and production for selected Southern Africa countries, 2001–2010Country† Area Yield ProductionAngola 21.39 –11.83 7.03South Africa –4.06 3.01 –1.17Swaziland –3.60 2.30 –1.39Zambia 11.84 3.27 15.49Zimbabwe 1.07 –7.63 –6.63Southern Africa 14.11 0.44 11.26† Botswana, Lesotho and Namibia do not produce any rice.

Consumption

Rice consumption increased in Southern Africa at an average rate of over 7% per year during the selected periods (Table 30). From an estimated quantity of 1.26 Mt in 2008, it reached estimated levels of about 1.36 Mt in 2009 and 1.46 Mt in 2010 (Table 37). Overall, average total rice consumption for the decade was estimated at 1.06 Mt/year, with a growth rate of 7.83%. Consumption was highest for the period 2007–2010 — estimated at 1.32 Mt/year, with a growth rate of 7.39%. Consumption levels during the period 2001–2007 were estimated at 0.93 Mt/year, with a growth rate of 7.28%. With its relatively very low production level, rice imports into the region have risen steeply to satisfy its food requirements especially over the period 2001–2007 (7.98%).


Table 30. Growth rates (%) of rice consumption for selected countries in Southern AfricaCountry 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Angola 4.24 4.24 3.81Botswana 9.24 9.24 9.75Lesotho 2.88 2.88 2.86Namibia 3.86 3.86 4.01South Africa 7.42 7.42 8.17Swaziland 14.29 14.29 14.07 Zambia 6.88 6.88 5.96Zimbabwe 11.50 11.50 10.46 Southern Africa 7.28 7.39 7.83Source of data: FAOSTAT (FAO, 2011c); AfricaRice estimates for 2008–2010.

The trend in total rice consumption is also the result of the trend in the per-capita rice consumption, which increased at a rate of almost 7% (6.86%) over the decade; average per-capita rice consumption for the region stood at 16.48 kg/person per year (Table 39). Per-capita consumption was highest in Swaziland and lowest in Zimbabwe (Fig. 18).

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0

Swaziland

South Africa

Botswana

Lesotho

Angola

Namibia

Zambia

Zimbabwe

Figure 18. Per-capita rice consumption (kg/year) in Southern Africa, 2001–2010



The region’s rice production is not significant in comparison to its total consumption. Not only is the region’s production low, but its total consumption has been increasing, bringing the region’s total rice demand to high levels that require significant rice imports. Thus, the region remains dependent on rice imports, which have been increasing over time. This is shown by the quantities of rice imports of 1.06 Mt with a growth rate of 7.98% during the period of 2001–2007, and 1.08 Mt over the decade with a 3.41% growth rate (Table 35). In the region as a whole, self-sufficiency is less than 3% and the only country more than 30% self-sufficient is Zambia, which was 65% self-sufficient over the period 2007–2010 (Table 31).

Table 31. Average self-sufficiency ratios for selected periods (%) in Southern AfricaCountry 2001–2007 2007–2010 2001–2010Angola 3.63 2.69 3.51South Africa 0.28 0.27 0.28Swaziland 0.40 0.34 0.39Zambia 36.03 65.03 45.13Zimbabwe 1.96 0.70 1.56Southern Africa 1.67 2.79 2.15


Africa Rice TrendsMain tables


Introduction to the main Africa rice trends tables

The following tables contain data from the FAO data series and the countries’ rice statistics. Some of the presented data are rounded off to the nearest thousand units (production, total consumption and imports). Users should be aware that for countries with low values for a given variable, the rounding error might significantly bias growth rates and especially yield estimates. In some cases, the time-series data contain zero values due to rounding off. A major effort has been made to select a primary data source for consistency (FAOSTAT). For a few countries, rice imports have been taken from the country’s updated rice facts book on which AfricaRice and the country have been working.

Yield: all figures are for paddy (or ‘rough rice’) harvested per hectare and are calculated as paddy production divided by area harvested for each year.

Production: all figures are for paddy harvested during the calendar year.

Imports: all volume figures refer to total imports of paddy, cargo rice and milled rice, measured in terms of milled-rice equivalents, and include both commercial and non-commercial (food aid) imports.

Consumption: per-capita and total rice consumption refer only to rice used as human food, and so do not include losses and rice (paddy) used as seed or processed for other purposes. These quantities would have to be added to rice consumed as food to obtain total disappearance. Per-capita consumption is taken from the ‘Food supply–Crop Primary Equivalent’ section of FAOSTAT. All figures are for milled rice (also referred to as ‘husked rice’).

The self-sufficiency ratio is the share of locally produced rice in total rice supply. The locally produced paddy rice is converted into milled rice using the ratio 0.667. The self-reliance ratio was calculated by the formula:

Self-sufficiency ratio =Production

(Production + Imports – Exports)

Rice share in calorie intake: simply dividing the calorific intake from rice in the daily diet by the grand total calorific intake of the daily diet derives the rice share in terms of calorie intake.


Tabl

e 32

. Har

vest

ed ri

ce p

addy

are

a (h

a)R

egio

n20

0920

10Ye

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ave

rage

Ann

ual g

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(%)

20

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2007

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2001

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720

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2001

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0

Cen

tral A

fric

a65

2,05

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601,

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545,

526

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Nor

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Tabl

e 33

. Ric

e pa

ddy

yiel

d (t/

ha)

Reg

ion

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Cen

tral A

fric

a0.

960.

960.

920.

950.

93-0

.36

1.49

0.45

East

Afr

ica

2.13

2.18

2.09

2.15

2.11

2.27

0.35

1.18

Nor

th A

fric

a9.

9210

.04

9.63

9.83

9.70

1.25

1.33

0.80

Sout

hern

Afr

ica

2.39

2.40

2.33

2.39

2.35

0.31

0.09

0.44

Wes

t Afr

ica

1.80

1.80

1.56

1.74

1.63

0.21

5.22

2.00

Afri

ca (E

stim

ated

pr

oduc

tion/

area

)

2.61

2.

63

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58

2

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1.48

2.34

2.18


Tabl

e 34

. Ric

e pa

ddy

prod

uctio

n (to

nnes

)R

egio

n20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

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007

2007

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01–2

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2001

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720

07–2

010

2001

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0

Cen

tral A

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562,

859

66

4,78

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527,

664

589,

346

55

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9.63

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Nor

th A

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rica

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80

Tabl

e 35

. Ric

e im

port

s, vo

lum

e (to

nnes

)R

egio

n20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

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(%)

20

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2007

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2001

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2001

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entr

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a71

7,97

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464

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608

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orth

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187,

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226,

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324,

186

300,

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791,

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Tabl

e 36

. Val

ue o

f ric

e im

port

s (‘0

00 U

S$)

Reg

ion

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Cen

tral A

fric

a38

3,86

3 29

0,79

2 20

2,69

9 32

4,42

024

6,03

5 19

.25

4.34

14.3

0

East

Afr

ica

598,

323

581,

915

294,

400

531,

057

373,

616

21.9

410

.1717

.47

Nor

th A

fric

a12

4,90

0 15

2,75

3 11

2,14

2 17

0,69

812

8,83

0 13

.70

-10.

209.

82So

uthe

rn A

fric

a64

7,45

8 62

5,05

8 30

6,09

1 64

1,02

842

3,72

9 19

.60

6.40

18.5

2W

est A

fric

a2,

594,

582

2,43

2,67

3 1,

337,7

35

2,51

6,49

21,7

48,2

25

12.7

25.

0413

.95

Afri

ca (s

um fo

r all

coun

trie

s)

4,7

94,74

9

4,33

6,65

4 2,

253,

067

4,35

8,46

5

2,9

90,3

43

15.2

78.

0715

.66

Tabl

e 37

. Tot

al c

onsu

mpt

ion

of ri

ce a

nd ri

ce p

rodu

cts

(tonn

es, m

illed

equ

ival

ent)

Reg

ion

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Cen

tral A

fric

a1,

287,

804

1,38

9,32

5 91

1,45

4 1,

245,

394

1,02

5,21

2 7.

557.7

87.

46Ea

st A

fric

a5,

598,

794

6,08

2,08

4 3,

588,

584

5,48

6,92

74,

207,1

01

7.94

6.72

9.09

Nor

th A

fric

a3,

284,

527

3,31

5,94

7 3,

127,

013

3,27

2,17

13,

174,

614

0.62

0.86

0.88

Sout

hern

Afr

ica

1,35

9,15

2 1,

459,

872

928,

865

1,31

5,87

51,

058,

673

7.28

7.39

7.83

Wes

t Afr

ica

9,95

7,89

2 10

,322

,042

8,

486,

111

9,80

1,18

28,

930,

251

2.99

3.52

3.20

Afri

ca (s

um fo

r all

coun

trie

s) 2

1,48

8,16

8

22,5

69,2

69

17,0

42,0

27

21,12

1,54

9 1

8,39

5,85

0 4.

064.

414.

59


Tabl

e 38

. Sel

f-su

ffici

ency

ratio

(%)

Reg

ion

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Cen

tral A

fric

a34

.445

.236

.537

.437

.2-5

.79.

3-0

.8

East

Afr

ica

75.5

78.8

74.6

75.8

75.5

-2.3

2.9

-0.3

Nor

th A

fric

a11

0.1

101.

211

4.0

107.7

110.

91.

8-4

.0-0

.6So

uthe

rn A

fric

a3.

74.

11.7

2.8

2.2

-5.7

48.5

7.4

Wes

t Afr

ica

56.1

58.8

50.5

54.9

52.4

1.3

5.5

2.0

Afri

ca67

.268

.063

.865

.964

.70.

02.

70.

7

Tabl

e 39

. Per

-cap

ita ri

ce c

onsu

mpt

ion

(kg/

pers

on p

er y

ear)

Reg

ion

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Cen

tral A

fric

a10

.96

11.4

39.

0210

.759.

604.

294.

294.

14Ea

st A

fric

a14

.28

14.6

412

.80

14.11

13.2

42.

552.

552.

36N

orth

Afr

ica

15.6

715

.50

16.3

115

.7516

.12

-1.0

7-1

.07

-0.8

8So

uthe

rn A

fric

a20

.67

21.9

414

.67

20.11

16.4

86.

136.

136.

86W

est A

fric

a33

.03

33.16

32.18

32.9

632

.44

0.41

0.41

0.48

Afri

ca20

.07

20.2

818

.94

19.9

719

.28

1.06

1.06

1.13


Tabl

e 40

A. R

ice

calo

rie in

take

(kca

l/per

son

per d

ay)

Reg

ion

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Cen

tral A

fric

a11

011

490

107

964.

34.

34.

1Ea

st A

fric

a14

314

712

914

213

32.

42.

42.

2N

orth

Afr

ica

164

162

171

165

169

-1.1

-1.1

-0.9

Sout

hern

Afr

ica

203

216

144

198

162

6.1

6.1

6.8

Wes

t Afr

ica

327

329

317

326

320

0.5

0.5

0.6

Afri

ca20

120

319

020

019

31.

11.

11.

1

Tabl

e 40

B. T

otal

cal

orie

inta

ke (k

cal/p

erso

n pe

r day

)R

egio

n20

0920

10Ye

arly

Ave

rage

(kca

l/per

son

per

day)

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0C

entra

l Afr

ica

1,89

0 1,

905

1,81

5

1,8

82

1,83

7 0.

80.

80.

8Ea

st A

fric

a2,

083

2,09

8

2,

006

2

,076

2,

029

0.7

0.7

0.7

Nor

th A

fric

a3,

030

3,03

6

2,

977

3

,026

2,

992

0.2

0.2

0.3

Sout

hern

A

fric

a2,

950

2,96

6

2,

872

2

,942

2,

895

0.5

0.5

0.5

Wes

t Afr

ica

2,71

7 2,

752

2,54

8

2,7

00

2,59

9 1.

31.

31.

3A

fric

a2,

495

2,51

2

2,

405

2

,487

2,

432

0.7

0.7

0.7


Tabl

e 41

. Ric

e sh

are

in te

rms o

f cal

orie

inta

ke (%

)R

egio

n20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0C

entra

l Afr

ica

5.8

6.0

5.0

5.7

5.2

3.5

3.5

3.3

East

Afr

ica

6.9

7.0

6.4

6.8

6.6

1.71.7

1.5

Nor

th A

fric

a3.

15.

33.

23.

73.

4-0

.617

.42.

3So

uthe

rn A

fric

a6.

97.

35.

06.

75.

65.

55.

56.

3W

est A

fric

a12

.011

.912

.412

.112

.3-0

.8-0

.8-0

.7Af

rica

8.1

8.1

7.98.

07.9

0.4

0.4

0.4


Tabl

e 42

. Wes

t Afr

ica:

har

vest

ed ri

ce p

addy

are

a (h

a)C

ount

ry†

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Ben

in

40,2

77

39

,900

26

,794

35,1

9930

,103

0.36

14.18

4.83

Bur

kina

Fas

o

92,2

43

132

,497

48

,556

86,3

4564

,474

-3.9

244

.69

8.80

Côt

e d’

Ivoi

re

3

62,0

00

385

,000

34

8,80

937

5,84

935

8,86

61.

221.

331.

54Th

e G

ambi

a

73,0

00

86

,150

14

,946

52,4

4029

,777

7.95

76.8

724

.16G

hana

162

,400

1

81,2

28

121,

310

146,

340

132,

560

-2.14

18.8

73.

04G

uine

a

8

71,6

00

864

,300

69

3,24

782

9,80

273

8,31

64.

683.

744.

28G

uine

a-Bi

ssau

84

,000

89,0

00

66,71

581

,321

72,2

20-0

.147.

663.

19Li

beria

182

,000

2

51,2

30

128,

571

195,

808

152,

323

2.84

14.0

07.

60M

ali

845

,552

6

86,4

96

414,

810

601,

617

491,

827

-0.8

725

.146.

16M

aurit

ania

23

,000

25,7

02

17,2

7020

,838

18,6

842.

1415

.70

4.31

Nig

er

14,0

52

20

,055

21

,763

18,5

7220

,420

-3.8

2-5

.54

-3.9

6N

iger

ia

1,7

88,2

00

1

,788

,200

2,

361,

429

2,10

2,35

02,

248,

840

3.64

-11.

60-1

.40

Sene

gal

139

,388

1

47,2

08

85,0

9812

3,05

910

0,76

10.

3021

.22

6.60

Sier

ra L

eone

523

,151

5

45,4

66

503,

479

494,

141

506,

857

9.83

8.25

4.19

Togo

31

,354

47,4

03

31,6

4035

,890

33,2

260.

4411

.47

2.39

Wes

t Afr

ica

5,23

2,21

7 5

,289

,835

4,

884,

437

5,19

9,57

04,

999,

254

3.36

1.63

2.15

† N

o da

ta fo

r Cap

e Ve

rde

in F

AO

STA

T.


Tabl

e 43

. Cen

tral A

fric

a: h

arve

sted

pad

dy ri

ce a

rea

(ha)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0C

amer

oon

70,0

00

140,

000

43,3

9387

,570

58,5

7616

.1023

.69

16.9

7C

entra

l Afr

ican

Rep

ublic

26,0

73

16,7

00

19,8

5223

,288

20,7

058.

32-1

1.21

4.02

Cha

d13

3,09

4 11

0,70

0 92

,926

108,

662

100,

513

-2.16

12.2

72.

38C

ongo

2,28

1 2,

300

1,90

42,

045

1,98

1-2

.35

11.5

11.

01D

RC42

0,00

0 42

0,17

4 41

9,65

141

9,55

041

9,69

8-0

.29

0.12

-0.0

9G

abon

605

500

482

520

498

-0.4

13.

751.1

7C

entr

al A

fric

a65

2,05

369

0,37

4 57

8,20

864

1,63

560

1,97

10.

784.

962.

02†

No

data

for E

quat

oria

l Gui

nea

or S

ão T

omé

and

Prín

cipe

in F

AO

STA

T.


Tabl

e 44

. Eas

t Afr

ica:

har

vest

ed ri

ce p

addy

are

a (h

a)C

ount

ry†

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Bur

undi

24

,000

21,9

00

19,8

1422

,225

20,6

601.

62.

152.

26C

omor

os

21,8

65

20

,000

16

,691

18,2

1617

,570

-2.6

14.1

31.

37Et

hiop

ia

13,1

31

13

,300

6,

932

11,3

838,

796

-5.1

26.4

76.

70K

enya

21

,829

20,18

1

18,8

0016

,445

9.1

76.

68M

adag

asca

r

1,3

40,0

00

1

,350

,000

1,

235,

296

1,29

7,50

01,

261,7

070.

583.

561.1

4M

alaw

i

63,9

67

58

,500

60,9

2154

,784

0.

342.

49M

ozam

biqu

e

1

41,4

82

185

,000

11

2,03

313

7,87

112

2,07

2-5

.54

18.2

72.

18R

éuni

on

62

70

5550

20

.45

4.86

Rwan

da

14,4

33

12

,975

10

,607

15,2

1712

,011

21.3

2-6

.59

12.3

1So

mal

ia

3,8

87

3

,600

2,

375

3,27

72,

714

21.5

213

.07

13.8

6Ta

nzan

ia

9

04,5

08

720

,000

58

5,59

071

1,789

638,

831

4.77

11.3

35.

22U

gand

a

1

38,0

00

140

,000

95

,571

131,

250

107,

500

8.20

5.79

7.64

East

Afr

ica

2,68

7,164

2,5

45,5

26

2,15

1,80

82,

428,

504

2,26

3,13

91.

656.

752.

71†

No

data

for D

jibou

ti, E

ritre

a, M

aurit

ius o

r Sey

chel

les i

n FA

OST

AT.


Tabl

e 45

. Nor

th A

fric

a: h

arve

sted

rice

pad

dy a

rea

(ha)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0A

lger

ia

1

44

140

191

178

184

3.01

-15.

41-1

.48

Egyp

t75

0,00

0 45

9,52

5 64

0,05

366

4,74

264

3,52

92.

53-1

1.96

0.20

Mor

occo

4,28

4 7,

400

5,35

75,

646

5,55

8-4

.91

11.5

30.

04Su

dan

6,30

3 6,

400

6,52

86,

419

6,51

21.

910.

070.

64No

rth

Afri

ca76

0,73

1

473

,465

65

2,12

967

6,98

565

5,78

32.

44-1

1.61

0.21

† N

o da

ta fo

r Lib

ya o

r Tun

isia

in F

AO

STA

T.

Tabl

e 46

. Sou

ther

n A

fric

a: h

arve

sted

rice

pad

dy a

rea

(ha)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0A

ngol

a24

,191

23

,700

7,

977

18,3

6412

,028

17.2

138

.82

21.3

9So

uth

Afr

ica

1,04

6 1,

100

1,30

51,

106

1,24

8-6

.18-0

.73

-4.0

6Sw

azila

nd

32

35

3934

37-5

.96

1.81

-3.6

0Za

mbi

a25

,582

26

,000

11

,714

20,7

3715

,095

6.65

25.16

11.8

4Zi

mba

bwe

314

290

276

265

278

1.04

12.5

01.

07So

uthe

rn A

fric

a51

,165

51,

125

21,3

1240

,505

28,6

879.

0029

.64

14.11

† B

otsw

ana,

Les

otho

and

Nam

ibia

do

not p

rodu

ce a

ny ri

ce.


Tabl

e 47

. Sub

-Sah

aran

Afr

ica,

Afr

ica

and

wor

ld h

arve

sted

rice

pad

dy (h

a)R

egio

n20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0Su

b-Sa

hara

n A

fric

a8,

628,

902

9,16

7,55

57,

642,

292

8,46

2,70

57,

957,

993

2.69

5.52

2.72

Afr

ica

9,38

3,33

09,

634,

620

8,28

7,89

39,

133,

272

8,60

7,26

42.

684.

312.

56

Wor

ld

15

8,37

7,65

4

15

3,65

0,58

2 15

1,97

3,10

115

6,16

7,27

215

3,34

9,48

20.

73-0

.21

0.60


Tabl

e 48

. Wes

t Afr

ica:

rice

pad

dy y

ield

(t/h

a)C

ount

ry†

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Ben

in3.

744.

072.

443.

402.

823.

8617

.26

7.08

Bur

kina

Fas

o2.

321.7

61.

912.

051.

980.

670.

491.

53C

ôte

d’Iv

oire

1.88

1.69

1.90

1.74

1.86

-0.74

0.72

-1.2

7Th

e G

ambi

a2.

811.1

61.

651.

441.

66-1

5.14

28.4

4-5

.33

Gha

na2.

722.

712.

072.

352.

22-2

.1817

.102.

29G

uine

a1.7

21.

871.7

51.

821.7

80.

550.

350.

79G

uine

a-Bi

ssau

1.79

1.99

1.46

1.85

1.58

6.38

2.64

5.55

Libe

ria1.

611.1

81.1

11.

451.

216.

87-5

.67

5.54

Mal

i2.

563.

362.

212.

812.

423.

667.

584.

95M

aurit

ania

4.70

5.23

4.37

4.85

4.53

0.47

2.98

1.76

Nig

er3.

151.

493.

332.

392.

973.

04-1

5.23

-5.2

1N

iger

ia1.

901.

801.

381.

691.

510.

7811

.163.

86Se

nega

l3.

604.

102.

473.

342.

820.

3518

.53

5.54

Sier

ra L

eone

1.78

1.67

1.14

1.56

1.28

6.43

8.65

7.20

Togo

2.60

2.32

2.19

2.50

2.31

2.88

-0.2

32.

80W

est A

fric

a1.

801.

801.

561.

741.

630.

215.

222.

00†

No

data

for C

ape

Verd

e in

FA

OST

AT.


Tabl

e 49

. Cen

tral A

fric

a: ri

ce p

addy

yie

ld (t

/ha)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0C

amer

oon

2.50

1.25

1.45

1.76

1.62

-9.9

67.7

90.

21C

entra

l Afr

ican

Rep

ublic

2.34

2.34

1.73

2.24

1.96

0.53

12.2

54.

76C

had

0.98

1.18

1.27

1.26

1.26

0.53

-7.6

8-0

.66

Con

go0.

710.

720.

690.

730.

701.

95-2

.31

1.18

DRC

0.76

0.76

0.75

0.76

0.76

0.00

0.09

0.04

Gab

on2.

382.

602.

332.

452.

374.

042.

782.

34C

entr

al A

fric

a0.

960.

960.

920.

950.

93-0

.36

1.49

0.45


Tabl

e 50

. Eas

t Afr

ica:

rice

pad

dy y

ield

(t/h

a)C

ount

ry†

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Bur

undi

3.27

3.79

3.29

3.46

3.35

1.01

3.16

1.19

Com

oros

0.94

0.97

1.16

1.07

1.12

1.34

-8.6

3-1

.34

Ethi

opia

1.90

1.89

1.83

1.88

1.85

0.19

0.96

0.49

Ken

ya4.

103.

973.

423.

763.

61-3

.13

10.18

1.14

Mad

agas

car

3.51

3.51

2.42

3.13

2.70

3.53

12.8

45.

68M

alaw

i2.

132.

471.

552.

091.7

2-1

.34

9.00

4.46

Moz

ambi

que

0.74

0.97

1.05

0.90

1.00

-1.0

1-1

.87

-2.4

8R

éuni

on2.

812.

292.

963.

162.

933.

26-1

7.40

0.15

Rwan

da5.

625.

183.

844.

844.

216.

369.

596.

08So

mal

ia4.

244.

066.

144.

995.

681.1

4-1

4.00

-3.7

0Ta

nzan

ia1.

471.

531.

911.

861.

841.7

0-1

5.34

-1.4

0U

gand

a1.

311.

561.

441.

391.

43-1

.79

3.94

-0.76

East

Afr

ica

2.13

2.18

2.09

2.15

2.11

2.27

0.35

1.18

† N

o da

ta fo

r Djib

outi,

Erit

rea,

Mau

ritiu

s or S

eych

elle

s in

FAO

STA

T.


Tabl

e 51

. Nor

th A

fric

a: ri

ce p

addy

yie

ld (t

/ha)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0A

lger

ia1.

921.

571.7

81.7

81.7

81.1

8-3

.21

0.14

Egyp

t10

.00

9.42

9.73

9.73

9.72

1.14

-0.8

00.

34Li

bya

Mor

occo

7.31

6.83

6.01

7.11

6.32

8.58

-1.7

75.

13Su

dan

3.57

3.65

2.99

3.84

3.26

16.5

1-2

.46

9.58

Tuni

sieNo

rth

Afri

ca9.

9210

.04

9.63

9.83

9.70

1.25

1.33

0.80

† N

o da

ta fo

r Lib

ya o

r Tun

isia

in F

AO

STA

T.

Tabl

e 52

. Sou

ther

n A

fric

a: ri

ce p

addy

yie

ld (t

/ha)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0A

ngol

a0.

590.

600.

990.

550.

86-1

8.07

6.50

-11.

83So

uth

Afr

ica

2.72

2.64

2.49

2.73

2.53

6.42

-3.6

03.

01Sw

azila

nd3.

063.

002.

742.

952.

822.

952.

362.

30Za

mbi

a1.

641.

991.

271.

581.

39-1

.87

15.2

93.

27Zi

mba

bwe

1.32

1.34

2.31

1.54

2.05

-4.9

8-1

1.05

-7.6

3So

uthe

rn A

fric

a2.

392.

402.

332.

392.

350.

310.

090.

44†

Bot

swan

a, L

esot

ho a

nd N

amib

ia d

o no

t pro

duce

any

rice

.


Tabl

e 53

. Sub

-Sah

aran

Afr

ica,

Afr

ica

and

wor

ld ri

ce p

addy

yie

ld (t

/ha)

Reg

ion

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Sub-

Saha

ran

1.97

2.28

1.69

2.01

1.81

1.69

8.06

3.50

Afr

ica

2.61

2.63

2.31

2.58

2.41

1.48

2.34

2.18

Wor

ld4.

324.

374.

044.

334.

131.

360.

831.

44


Tabl

e 54

. Wes

t Afr

ica:

rice

pad

dy p

rodu

ctio

n (to

nnes

)C

ount

ry†

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Beni

n

150

,604

162,

200

65,3

5112

2,59

687

,963

4.23

33.8

912

.26

Burk

ina

Faso

2

13,5

84

23

2,86

1 92

,157

177,

616

128,

665

-3.2

845

.40

10.4

6C

ôte

d’Iv

oire

6

80,0

00

65

0,00

0 66

4,08

765

4,99

566

6,22

80.

472.

050.

25Th

e G

ambi

a

79,

000

9

9,89

0 23

,786

57,14

638

,370

-8.3

910

6.20

12.9

3G

hana

3

91,4

40

49

1,60

3 25

1,07

934

2,57

629

4,25

2-4

.27

37.5

24.

86G

uine

a

1

,499

,000

1

,614

,900

1,

213,

033

1,51

2,39

51,

313,

922

5.25

4.10

5.10

Gui

nea-

Biss

au

150

,000

177,

022

97,4

4015

0,75

711

5,78

66.

2210

.50

8.91

Libe

ria

292

,983

296,

090

145,

086

279,

006

189,

982

9.90

7.54

13.5

6M

ali

1,9

50,8

10

2,3

08,2

30

911,

834

1,741

,418

1,22

6,61

34.

4627

.83

12.3

8M

aurit

ania

9

9,30

0

134,

447

75,0

5499

,519

84,1

292.

6118

.145.7

6N

iger

2

0,11

7

29,

963

71,3

8738

,028

58,18

2-0

.90

-26.

00-1

1.96

Nig

eria

3,4

02,5

90

3,2

18,76

0 3,

275,

000

3,49

6,58

83,

372,

535

4.45

-1.7

32.

40Se

nega

l

502

,104

60

4,04

3 21

0,84

142

6,93

629

9,02

50.

6543

.68

12.5

1Si

erra

Leo

ne

784

,737

909,

236

585,

432

740,

519

647,

209

16.8

915

.61

10.8

8To

go

69,7

21

11

0,10

9 69

,405

81,2

2873

,591

3.33

12.2

03.7

9W

est A

fric

a10

,285

,990

11,0

39,3

547,7

50,9

729,

921,

321

8,59

6,45

04.

6110

.135.

78


Tabl

e 55

. Cen

tral A

fric

a: ri

ce p

addy

pro

duct

ion

(tonn

es)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0

Cam

eroo

n70

,000

174,

800

56,4

0896

,269

71,16

64.

5432

.21

9.94

Cen

tral A

fric

an R

epub

lic39

,110

39,0

00

34,0

1438

,419

35,4

188.

901.

414.

94C

had

130,

700

130,

800

117,

972

134,

411

125,

707

-1.6

53.

651.7

0C

ongo

1,61

2 1,

650

1,31

31,

491

1,38

5-0

.44

8.94

2.21

DRC

320,

000

317,

231

316,

836

317,

485

317,1

62-0

.29

0.21

-0.0

5G

abon

1,43

7 1,

300

1,12

11,

271

1,18

33.

616.

633.

53C

entr

al A

fric

a56

2,85

966

4,78

152

7,664

589,

346

552,

021

0.48

6.32

2.11


Tab

le 5

6. E

ast A

fric

a: r

ice

padd

y pr

oduc

tion

(ton

nes)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Y

earl

y av

erag

eA

nnu

al g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0B

urun

di

78,

432

83,0

19

65,2

1876

,714

69,2

472.

655.

383.

47C

omor

os20

,465

19

,400

19

,261

19,2

1619

,469

-1.2

74.

280.

01E

thio

pia

2

5,00

0 25

,200

12

,700

21,4

7016

,353

-4.8

727

.68

7.22

Ken

ya

37,

198

80,0

42

50,6

5356

,936

53,5

064.

8011

.07

3.69

Mad

agas

car

4,00

5,25

0 4,

737,

970

2,99

6,34

93,

914,

355

3,36

3,18

64.

1314

.96

6.17

Mal

awi

135,

988

144,

200

81,2

8112

7,06

096

,404

-0.6

79.

377.

06M

ozam

biqu

e10

4,28

5 18

0,00

0 10

5,40

912

2,71

411

2,40

6-6

.47

17.9

40.

96R

éuni

on

174

16

0 13

516

714

56.

34-0

.51

5.02

Rw

anda

1

11,0

76

67,2

53

42,5

4280

,582

55,8

1229

.03

5.63

20.7

4S

omal

ia

16,

500

14,6

00

14,6

9115

,922

15,0

5322

.90

-2.7

69.

64T

anza

nia

1,33

4,00

0 1,

104,

890

1,10

3,34

01,

281,

770

1,15

0,86

16.

55-5

.75

3.75

Uga

nda

181,

000

218,

111

136,

571

183,

028

152,

611

6.26

9.96

6.82

Eas

t Afr

ica

6,04

9,36

86,

674,

845

4,62

8,14

95,

899,

933

5,10

5,05

34.

579.

635.

61†

No

data

for

Dji

bout

i, E

ritr

ea, M

auri

tius

or

Sey

chel

les

in F

AO

STA

T.

Tab

le 5

7. N

orth

Afr

ica:

ric

e pa

ddy

prod

ucti

on (t

onne

s)C

oun

try†

2009

2010

Yea

rly

aver

age

An

nu

al g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0A

lger

ia27

7 22

0 34

031

832

74.

23-1

8.13

-1.3

4E

gypt

7,50

0,00

0 4,

329,

500

6,23

1,13

36,

489,

925

6,27

0,08

03.

70-1

2.67

0.54

Mor

occo

31,3

02

50,5

20

31,7

8639

,873

34,8

843.

259.

555.

17S

udan

22,5

00

23,3

50

19,9

6424

,713

21,5

6018

.74

-2.3

910

.29

Nor

th A

fric

a7,

554,

079

4,40

3,59

06,

283,

223

6,55

4,82

96,

326,

851

3.72

-12.

470.

59†

No

data

for

Lib

ya o

r Tu

nisi

a in

FA

OS

TA

T.


Tabl

e 58

. Sou

ther

n A

fric

a: ri

ce p

addy

pro

duct

ion

(tonn

es)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0A

ngol

a14

,291

14,

300

7,31

010

,410

8,81

8-3

.97

47.8

47.

03So

uth

Afr

ica

2,84

8

2

,900

3,

193

3,01

23,

110

-0.16

-4.3

0-1

.17Sw

azila

nd98

105

105

9910

4-3

.194.

21-1

.39

Zam

bia

41,9

29

5

1,65

6 14

,779

33,9

8122

,106

4.66

44.3

015

.49

Zim

babw

e41

5

390

632

401

563

-4.0

00.

07-6

.63

Sout

hern

Afr

ica

59,5

8169

,351

26,0

1947

,903

34,7

011.

8640

.00

11.2

6†

Bot

swan

a, L

esot

ho a

nd N

amib

ia d

o no

t pro

duce

any

rice

.

Tabl

e 59

. Sub

-Sah

aran

Afr

ica,

Afr

ica

and

wor

ld ri

ce p

addy

pro

duct

ion

(tonn

es)

Reg

ion

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Sub-

Saha

ran

Afr

ica

16,9

80,2

98

20,9

19,7

60

12,9

52,7

6717

,095

,234

14,5

54,5

924.

4314

.03

6.31

Afr

ica

24,5

11,8

7725

,300

,000

19,2

16,0

2623

,625

,350

20,8

59,8

844.

196.

754.

80W

orld

684,

779,

898

672,

021,

180

614,

146,

183

675,

748,

551

634,

486,

767

2.10

0.61

2.04


Tabl

e 60

. Wes

t Afr

ica:

rice

impo

rts (

mill

ed e

quiv

alen

t, to

nnes

)C

ount

ry20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0B

enin

674,

520

599,

399

342,

426

658

,701

4

36,8

04

47.0

0-3

.33

28.14

Bur

kina

Fas

o26

4,46

2 24

0,27

9 18

1,22

2

1

97,9

09

191

,060

-2

.31

23.0

91.

62C

ape

Verd

e93

,149

40,0

31

31,7

06

53

,924

40,

211

4.90

10.9

99.

36C

ôte

d’Iv

oire

1,12

1,08

4 83

7,92

0 76

1,98

3

8

82,4

99

805

,509

4.

515.

043.

79Th

e G

ambi

a13

6,99

2 13

1,04

1 78

,954

1

25,6

72

9

3,96

2 11

.98

5.27

11.9

1G

hana

383,

946

320,

143

506,

849

385

,288

4

64,7

03

1.92

-9.4

8-3

.03

Gui

nea

237,

601

240,

856

247,7

33

287

,727

2

55,2

39

-1.2

8-1

2.42

1.15

Gui

nea-

Biss

au85

,088

57

,059

65

,988

48,7

32

6

2,36

7 -1

2.97

36.2

7-6

.97

Libe

ria24

8,60

7 29

4,50

9 13

1,05

5

2

15,5

67

163

,095

13

.03

27.4

813

.49

Mal

i10

9,53

4 57

,671

16

6,84

7

1

21,7

30

150

,741

7.18

-27.

88-4

.15M

aurit

ania

133,

488

97,4

62

41,7

78

102

,237

64,

539

12.9

019

.1519

.07

Nig

er10

6,05

3 14

9,07

4 19

4,66

0

1

74,2

62

188

,709

2.

28-1

2.81

-2.0

1N

iger

ia1,

164,

335

1,88

5,33

4 1,

340,

877

1

,309

,612

1,

340,

762

-6.5

516

.11-1

.78

Sene

gal

770,

912

706,

700

831,

624

890

,682

8

31,1

39

3.96

-14.

140.

84Si

erra

Leo

ne10

6,27

3 10

3,49

8 13

6,75

8

1

29,5

45

136

,323

-1

0.97

-8.2

1-1

.75To

go85

,317

74

,768

77

,392

1

21,3

58

9

4,86

7 6.

48-1

1.38

6.61

Wes

t Afr

ica

5,7

21,3

61

5,

835,

744

5,

137,

851

5,7

05,4

43

5,

320,

031

2.10

1.40

2.21


Tabl

e 61

. Cen

tral A

fric

a: ri

ce im

port

s (m

illed

equ

ival

ent,

tonn

es)

Cou

ntry

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Cam

eroo

n46

9,45

5

363,

825

353,

917

432,

878

373,

801

11.5

7-6

.57

6.24

Cen

tral A

fric

an

Rep

ublic

6,24

7

3,

311

2,81

44,

082

3,35

1-8

.64

12.8

42.

81C

had

761

10,9

36

2,04

23,

243

2,67

435

.24

148.

7327

.23

Con

go85

,828

48

,382

64

,031

67,4

9862

,414

7.18

-11.

952.

27D

RC72

,978

47

,480

15

8,52

382

,364

132,

888

16.2

9-2

4.64

-4.6

3Eq

uato

rial G

uine

a4,

906

8,15

4 4,

243

7,07

55,

274

31.8

26.

2222

.43

Gab

on67

,302

55

,220

49

,936

63,1

9855

,999

-5.3

45.

433.

26Sã

o To

mé

and

Prín

cipe

10,4

97

3,50

9 3,

833

5,95

74,

741

-7.8

27.

212.

99C

entr

al A

fric

a71

7,974

540,

817

639,

339

666,

294

641,

142

10.14

-8.0

43.

47


Tabl

e 62

. Eas

t Afr

ica:

rice

impo

rts (

mill

ed e

quiv

alen

t, to

nnes

)C

ount

ry†

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Bur

undi

9

,802

15

,556

4,

268

9,00

15,

878

41.9

940

.08

33.2

1C

omor

os

33,5

27

53,9

25

34,0

4440

,908

36,3

402.

819.

334.

67D

jibou

ti

19,71

1 28

,020

34

,227

33,0

5231

,029

26.7

9-2

2.21

5.00

Eritr

ea

6

59

600

505

503

534

-15.

3339

.67

7.59

Ethi

opia

30

,271

45

,190

20

,743

35,5

6924

,306

36.0

43.

5920

.95

Ken

ya29

6,20

7 28

2,31

5 20

5,21

127

5,61

122

7,98

412

.65

3.77

8.87

Mad

agas

car

109,

450

132,

510

185,

547

150,

297

170,

943

8.78

-14.

12-0

.25

Mal

awi

6

,710

751

4,00

54,

140

4,08

1-7

.11-3

6.99

-2.3

1M

aurit

ius

80,0

02

82,0

38

64,0

8173

,306

67,9

22-0

.33

10.15

2.45

Moz

ambi

que

495,

422

303,

646

259,

852

413,

569

298,

594

56.0

3-1

0.61

27.0

3Rw

anda

32

,291

44

,639

14

,829

27,0

9019

,345

-1.0

142

.47

10.9

6Se

yche

lles

5

,285

6,

203

5,62

46,

025

5,80

3-0

.180.

931.

02So

mal

ia12

8,40

7 15

2,14

6 10

6,46

110

9,89

710

6,39

826

.49

20.9

79.

96Ta

nzan

ia

39,6

07

74,8

77

116,

893

56,7

8999

,693

-12.

298.

56-1

1.17

Uga

nda

80

,123

77

,202

52

,602

73,8

5258

,891

16.5

23.

3810

.95

East

Afr

ica

1,36

7,474

1,29

9,61

81,

108,

891

1,30

9,60

81,

157,7

4115

.32

-0.9

77.

54†

No

data

for R

éuni

on in

FA

OST

AT.


Tabl

e 63

. Nor

th A

fric

a: ri

ce im

port

s (m

illed

equ

ival

ent,

tonn

es)

Cou

ntry

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Alg

eria

75,5

52

104,

869

6

5,90

8

87,8

26

7

3,92

8 4.

028.

506.

25Eg

ypt

15,8

89

13,9

40

4

7,60

9

47,8

38

4

0,66

0 43

.19-5

2.36

19.3

3Li

bya

35,9

02

66,7

24

132

,340

1

02,74

5

1

16,3

54

7.65

-34.

25-6

.21

Mor

occo

11,7

73

11,8

92

3,55

3

10,4

35

5,58

9 14

.30

8.13

23.4

7Su

dan

38,4

69

19,0

85

5

8,55

3

37,6

00

5

0,40

5 14

.37

-27.

33-3

.56

Tuni

sia

9,50

4 10

,238

16,

223

14

,270

15,

293

12.3

2-2

1.09

0.27

Nort

h Af

rica

1

87,0

89

226,

748

324,

186

3

00,71

4

30

2,23

0 9.

77-2

3.28

-0.5

6

Tabl

e 64

. Sou

ther

n A

fric

a: ri

ce im

port

s (m

illed

equ

ival

ent,

tonn

es)

Cou

ntry

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Ang

ola

230,

284

213,

267

177,

549

281

,434

2

08,7

04

27.8

3-1

2.95

16.0

7B

otsw

ana

19,8

88

22,2

20

21,3

50

24

,025

21,7

27

8.07

-9.3

33.

41Le

soth

o11

,500

11

,500

10

,974

9,6

38

1

1,08

2 -0

.68

32.6

61.

98N

amib

ia6,

653

4,92

2 8,

419

6

,186

7,67

6 -1

.01

-9.14

-3.7

3So

uth

Afr

ica

744,

715

733,

477

779,

506

771

,898

7

58,4

92

4.67

-6.4

70.

55Sw

azila

nd20

,062

20

,062

20

,064

20,1

91

2

0,06

4 10

.54

-0.76

3.93

Zam

bia

10,4

91

11,4

44

20,2

01

12

,612

17,

955

1.34

-6.3

2-5

.40

Zim

babw

e35

,751

99,2

26

25,4

81

48

,920

34,

357

12.4

444

.91

15.18

Sout

hern

Afr

ica

1,07

9,34

4 1,

116,

118

1,

063,

545

1,17

4,90

2

1,08

0,05

6 7.9

8-6

.10

3.41


Tabl

e 65

. Sub

-Sah

aran

Afr

ica,

Afr

ica

and

wor

ld ri

ce im

port

s (m

illed

equ

ival

ent,

tonn

es)

Reg

ion

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Sub

Saha

ran

8,92

4,62

2

8,

811,

382

8,00

8,17

9

8,8

93,8

47

8,24

9,37

6 5.

20-0

.84

3.07

Afr

ica

9,07

3,24

2

9,

019,

045

8,27

3,81

2

9,1

56,9

61

8,50

1,20

1 5.

30-1

.57

2.98

Wor

ld29

,643

,000

31,

497,

000

28,2

62,14

3

30,7

74,2

50

28,8

89,7

00

3.43

-0.6

02.

17


Tabl

e 66

. Wes

t Afr

ica:

val

ue o

f ric

e im

port

s (‘0

00 U

S$)

Cou

ntry

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Ben

in91

,583

78,

484

96,4

7713

9,751

103,

057

60.8

0-3

0.00

24.8

6B

urki

na F

aso

69,2

12

6

3,66

4 45

,625

62,3

0450

,859

13.2

83.

919.

42C

ape

Verd

e29

,909

25,

215

10,74

722

,570

14,8

1119

.50

17.76

19.10

Côt

e d’

Ivoi

re63

8,44

0

4

59,5

91

215,

502

473,

939

307,

815

18.5

114

.25

19.2

7Th

e G

ambi

a34

,959

39,

310

16,5

6432

,744

21,8

3922

.03

12.5

019

.64

Gha

na22

5,39

3

2

01,4

86

128,

708

200,

322

154,

399

8.98

7.97

10.2

8G

uine

a91

,431

96,

061

50,2

4110

9,20

069

,237

15.4

0-5

.05

16.6

2G

uine

a-Bi

ssau

43,2

00

2

4,92

8 19

,718

22,2

3321

,585

-10.

4947

.98

-0.6

1Li

beria

113,

945

133

,843

32

,073

90,71

754

,766

21.9

550

.05

26.8

8M

ali

49,6

26

2

6,48

5 36

,447

46,16

739

,733

16.9

8-1

5.66

8.21

Mau

ritan

ia59

,493

37,7

48

14,6

9347

,541

27,6

888.

8925

.80

21.2

3N

iger

46,0

45

7

1,20

8 56

,488

74,7

8463

,871

9.43

-2.74

6.65

Nig

eria

730,

591

825

,411

33

4,13

370

2,12

046

6,66

76.

4316

.96

14.0

9Se

nega

l31

3,39

5

2

94,5

63

228,

139

405,

549

284,

999

13.3

0-1

3.06

11.2

5Si

erra

Leo

ne45

,169

4

3,95

0 43

,905

52,0

7248

,175

-16.

361.

46-0

.28

Togo

12,1

91

1

0,72

6 8,

275

34,4

8018

,722

16.9

8-1

4.03

19.2

8W

est A

fric

a2,

594,

582

2,

432,

673

1,33

7,735

2,51

6,49

21,

748,

225

12.7

25.

0413

.95


Tabl

e 67

. Cen

tral A

fric

a: v

alue

of r

ice

impo

rts (

‘000

US$

)C

ount

ry20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0C

amer

oon

251,

234

195,

166

102,

746

220,

458

141,7

8525

.38

1.88

21.0

4C

entra

l Afr

ican

Rep

ublic

1,729

1,

033

740

1,32

81,

002

-2.3

324

.56

8.67

Cha

d40

0 3,

500

635

1,22

090

454

.7410

1.73

41.2

4C

ongo

43,0

68

23,6

68

18,0

2831

,647

22,11

724

.92

-4.3

617

.91

DRC

32,2

75

17,7

81

57,0

0621

,415

46,6

874.

826.

06-8

.07

Equa

toria

l Gui

nea

2,44

8 4,

516

1,20

03,

555

2,07

144

.88

19.7

338

.18G

abon

46,1

53

41,7

20

19,9

0541

,244

28,4

357.9

222

.1115

.23

São

Tom

é an

d Pr

ínci

pe6,

556

3,40

8 2,

438

3,55

43,

033

-17.

3657

.07

1.53

Cen

tral

Afr

ica

383,

863

290,

792

202,

699

324,

420

246,

035

19.2

54.

3414

.30


Tabl

e 68

. Eas

t Afr

ica:

val

ue o

f ric

e im

port

s (‘0

00 U

S$)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0B

urun

di

9,

543

9,94

4 1,7

825,

857

3,31

232

.68

80.9

637

.32

Com

oros

1

8,13

6 24

,268

9,

013

16,8

6511

,826

13.0

327

.01

15.6

6D

jibou

ti

14,

218

14,9

53

10,5

2517

,454

11,74

934

.51

-15.

5418

.16Er

itrea

43

9 40

0 18

437

326

7-1

0.26

44.2

018

.04

Ethi

opia

1

6,41

2 25

,765

7,

075

16,9

8510

,383

44.0

824

.7432

.02

Ken

ya

96,

142

100,

512

47,0

2088

,464

61,2

8716

.23

12.5

215

.97

Mad

agas

car

4

7,09

7 57

,676

44

,596

60,5

7749

,676

20.3

4-5

.1613

.13

Mal

awi

5,02

6 65

1 95

32,

476

1,53

3-0

.76-1

3.30

15.0

3

Mau

ritiu

s

55,

085

53,7

77

28,4

4652

,905

37,2

0011

.51

8.69

13.6

2M

ozam

biqu

e

231,

316

141,

440

67,4

9016

7,84

699

,859

62.8

33.

3739

.79

Rwan

da

11,

816

16,3

84

5,46

810

,176

7,149

-1.0

337

.80

12.5

5Se

yche

lles

5,68

4 5,

852

4,41

96,

191

5,05

02.

080.

115.

54So

mal

ia

43,

000

66,7

83

28,4

0141

,271

32,18

938

.00

29.2

419

.69

Tanz

ania

1

1,16

1 33

,612

24

,353

16,8

1123

,160

-14.

2560

.49

-5.3

3U

gand

a

33,

248

29,8

98

14,6

7726

,807

18,9

7817

.61

16.2

816

.37

East

Afr

ica

598,

323

581,

915

294,

400

531,

057

373,

616

21.9

410

.1717

.47

† N

o da

ta fo

r Réu

nion

in F

AO

STA

T.


Tabl

e 69

. Nor

th A

fric

a: v

alue

of r

ice

impo

rts (

‘000

US$

)C

ount

ry20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0A

lger

ia44

,925

54

,920

23

,673

48,2

8632

,842

10.6

215

.43

15.2

6Eg

ypt

9,32

8 9,

189

17,3

3714

,931

14,7

8330

.10-3

0.92

16.3

6Li

bya

3

1,89

9 59

,553

47

,151

73,6

2753

,943

17.19

-21.1

89.

04M

oroc

co

11,

117

9,69

9 1,

958

7,95

43,

976

23.71

26.0

333

.40

Suda

n

21,

927

13,1

24

16,8

8017

,323

16,9

8317

.89

-5.8

97.

09Tu

nisi

a

5,

704

6,26

8 5,

143

8,57

86,

303

22.4

0-1

3.25

13.5

8No

rth

Afri

ca

12

4,90

0

15

2,75

3 11

2,14

217

0,69

812

8,83

013

.70

-10.

209.

82

Tabl

e 70

. Sou

ther

n A

fric

a: v

alue

of r

ice

impo

rts (

‘000

US$

)C

ount

ry20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0A

ngol

a11

7,95

5 10

3,76

7 55

,124

146,

419

86,7

9339

.80

-7.5

729

.77

Bot

swan

a26

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27

,931

16

,944

27,9

4720

,755

5.81

3.42

9.49

Leso

tho

3,25

0 3,

250

2,72

52,

738

2,86

71.1

330

.77

4.15

Nam

ibia

4,85

3 3,

547

3,77

04,

307

3,95

911

.39

-3.6

17.

04So

uth

Afr

ica

452,

802

414,

314

198,

934

410,

084

273,

376

16.6

99.7

617

.33

Swaz

iland

9,62

9 9,

629

7,770

9,68

18,

328

15.7

3-0

.63

8.74

Zam

bia

5,95

0 5,

537

7,89

27,

360

7,799

5.87

-11.

360.

36Zi

mba

bwe

26,5

57

57,0

83

12,9

3332

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19,8

5238

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34.2

933

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Sout

hern

Afr

ica

647,4

58

625,

058

306,

091

641,

028

423,

729

19.6

06.

4018

.52


Tabl

e 71

. Sub

-Sah

aran

Afr

ica,

Afr

ica

and

wor

ld v

alue

of r

ice

impo

rts (

‘000

US$

)R

egio

n20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0

Sub-

Saha

ran

Afr

ica

4,69

1,776

4,

197,

025

2,15

7,80

44,

205,

091

2,87

8,49

615

.43

8.87

15.8

9

Afr

ica

4,79

4,74

9

4,

336,

654

2,25

3,06

74,

358,

465

2,99

0,34

315

.27

8.07

15.6

6

Wor

ld

15,76

5,28

6

13

,311

,635

6,

566,

337

13,2

34,7

798,

919,7

1713

.31

11.1

315

.66


Tabl

e 72

. Wes

t Afr

ica:

tota

l ric

e co

nsum

ptio

n (m

illed

equ

ival

ent,

tonn

es)

Cou

ntry

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Ben

in39

2,37

546

9,728

198,

296

365,

912

257,7

9319

.7119

.7117

.41

Bur

kina

Fas

o18

0,25

417

4,78

124

4,99

318

3,16

422

5,58

9-3

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4-4

.80

Cap

e Ve

rde

25,4

8326

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21,4

7624

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22,6

865.

895.

894.

48C

ôte

d’Iv

oire

1,36

1,21

71,

433,

494

999,

133

1,32

8,67

61,

108,

123

5.31

5.31

6.07

The

Gam

bia

107,

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115,

791

63,6

5610

4,15

476

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7.55

7.55

10.2

0G

hana

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746,

706

510,

860

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083

5.02

5.02

6.36

Gui

nea

947,7

4796

7,82

383

0,08

693

8,12

386

5,42

62.

122.

122.

49G

uine

a-Bi

ssau

127,

554

126,

062

124,

615

128,

318

125,

498

-1.17

-1.17

-0.11

Libe

ria30

6,60

532

9,89

219

8,97

629

6,57

623

1,42

97.

607.

608.

77M

ali

736,

930

769,

950

604,

193

721,

820

644,

156

4.48

4.48

4.26

Mau

ritan

ia11

0,47

311

8,16

087

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107,1

2294

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6.96

6.96

5.71

Nig

er21

5,68

422

3,23

023

0,03

821

2,16

522

5,75

83.

503.

500.

68N

iger

ia3,

103,

379

3,12

1,10

73,

057,7

003,

094,

616

3,07

1,41

40.

570.

570.

40Se

nega

l94

2,46

297

6,65

076

8,70

892

6,55

582

0,95

43.

633.

634.

01Si

erra

Leo

ne54

1,719

563,

394

427,

466

531,7

0746

1,82

64.

004.

004.

59To

go14

7,31

815

8,29

011

8,44

014

2,57

912

7,179

7.45

7.45

5.81

Wes

t Afr

ica

9,95

7,89

210

,322

,042

8,48

6,11

19,

801,

182

8,93

0,25

12.

993.

523.

20


Tabl

e 73

. Cen

tral A

fric

a: to

tal r

ice

cons

umpt

ion

(mill

ed e

quiv

alen

t, to

nnes

)C

ount

ry†

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Cam

eroo

n49

5,80

954

0,38

935

7,60

047

7,120

399,

430

8.99

8.99

7.82

Cen

tral A

fric

an R

epub

lic43

,380

48,0

9823

,491

41,4

7229

,504

10.8

810

.88

12.8

9C

had

61,1

5360

,037

69,8

0261

,732

67,2

10-1

.83

-1.8

3-2

.28

Con

go88

,355

90,0

9151

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87,5

2062

,700

1.97

1.97

8.31

DRC

540,

401

590,

851

354,

994

519,

392

411,

047

9.34

9.34

9.20

Gab

on55

,690

56,9

0950

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55,10

751

,849

2.19

2.19

2.14

São

Tom

é an

d Pr

ínci

pe3,

016

2,95

03,

669

3,05

13,

473

-2.2

0-2

.20

-3.17

Cen

tral

Afr

ica

1,28

7,80

41,

389,

325

911,

454

1,24

5,39

41,

025,

212

7.55

7.78

7.46

† N

o da

ta fo

r Equ

ator

ial G

uine

a in

FA

OST

AT.


Tabl

e 74

. Eas

t Afr

ica:

tota

l ric

e co

nsum

ptio

n (m

illed

equ

ival

ent,

tonn

es)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

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720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0B

urun

di55

,246

58,9

3639

,870

53,6

2844

,506

6.68

6.68

6.87

Com

oros

51,8

1553

,075

42,9

7951

,215

45,6

332.

432.

433.

36D

jibou

ti33

,798

34,3

7031

,456

33,5

2132

,160

1.69

1.69

1.54

Eritr

ea78

6249

290

368

-20.

12-2

0.12

-18.

38Et

hiop

ia76

,673

92,4

7429

,571

71,3

5743

,972

20.6

120

.61

22.0

8K

enya

351,

257

389,

894

237,

957

335,

673

272,

330

11.0

011

.00

9.48

Mad

agas

car

3,18

3,41

23,

429,

891

1,91

3,54

33,

162,

515

2,30

7,116

7.74

4.78

10.0

4M

alaw

i72

,762

76,9

3353

,996

70,9

0059

,649

5.73

5.73

6.09

Mau

ritiu

s62

,882

62,5

8363

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63,0

3363

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8-0

.48

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0M

ozam

biqu

e62

2,43

973

7,64

227

8,06

758

2,12

738

3,17

818

.51

18.5

118

.73

Rwan

da71

,600

81,2

6639

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67,8

8349

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13.5

013

.50

13.4

8Se

yche

lles

2,93

53,

199

2,25

92,

824

2,46

48.

998.

996.

96Ta

nzan

ia84

9,752

886,

651

731,

803

832,

822

767,

341

4.34

4.34

3.57

Uga

nda

164,

145

175,

107

123,

107

159,

339

135,

487

6.68

6.68

6.35

East

Afr

ica

5,59

8,79

46,

082,

084

3,58

8,58

45,

486,

927

4,20

7,101

7.94

6.72

9.09

† N

o da

ta fo

r Réu

nion

or S

eych

elle

s in

FAO

STA

T.


Tabl

e 75

. Nor

th A

fric

a: to

tal r

ice

cons

umpt

ion

(mill

ed e

quiv

alen

t, to

nnes

)C

ount

ry20

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arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

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020

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010

2001

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720

07–2

010

2001

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0A

lger

ia82

,513

89,4

2161

,839

79,5

8368

,095

8.37

8.37

7.71

Egyp

t2,

965,

832

2,96

8,64

42,

874,

319

2,96

4,42

82,

901,7

730.

090.

090.

45Li

bya

83,3

7583

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83,5

0483

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83,4

650.

010.

01-0

.02

Mor

occo

34,3

9736

,510

22,6

0633

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26,1

566.

146.

148.

34Su

dan

96,4

7811

3,35

368

,842

90,4

5977

,384

17.4

917

.49

11.9

6Tu

nisi

a21

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24,6

3815

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20,8

6717

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12.3

412

.34

9.25

Nor

th A

fric

a3,

284,

527

3,31

5,94

73,

127,

013

3,27

2,17

13,

174,

614

0.62

0.86

0.88

Tabl

e 76

. Sou

ther

n A

fric

a: to

tal r

ice

cons

umpt

ion

(mill

ed e

quiv

alen

t, to

nnes

)C

ount

ry20

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arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

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020

01–2

010

2001

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720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0A

ngol

a95

,336

99,3

8280

,324

93,4

7684

,844

4.24

4.24

3.81

Bot

swan

a32

,785

35,8

1320

,739

31,5

2124

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9.24

9.24

9.75

Leso

tho

11,9

8112

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10,4

3011

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10,8

962.

882.

882.

86N

amib

ia8,

138

8,45

26,

693

7,99

27,1

283.

863.

864.

01So

uth

Afr

ica

1,11

1,60

71,

194,

069

744,

520

1,07

5,97

285

5,21

67.

427.

428.

17Sw

azila

nd31

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9016

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29,3

7121

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14.2

914

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14.0

7Za

mbi

a38

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40,7

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36,9

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6.88

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Zim

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011

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359,

152

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292

8,86

51,

315,

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1,05

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37.

287.

397.

83


Tabl

e 77

. Sub

-Sah

aran

Afr

ica,

Afr

ica

and

wor

ld to

tal r

ice

cons

umpt

ion

(mill

ed e

quiv

alen

t, to

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egio

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rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

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020

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010

2001

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720

07–2

010

2001

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0Su

b-Sa

hara

n A

fric

a18

,300

,119

19,3

66,6

7613

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17,9

39,8

3715

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4.91

5.13

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ica

21,4

88,16

822

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2721

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504.

064.

414.

59W

orld

348,

570,

702

348,

570,

702

336,

771,7

5934

8,57

0,70

234

0,31

1,44

21.

210.

000.

85


Tabl

e 78

. Wes

t Afr

ica:

per

-cap

ita ri

ce c

onsu

mpt

ion

(mill

ed e

quiv

alen

t, kg

/yea

r)C

ount

ry20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

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020

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010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

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0B

enin

30.0

034

.7425

.55

30.8

026

.95

15.8

03.

448.

26B

urki

na F

aso

11.4

510

.73

18.5

311

.85

16.4

1-6

.23

-6.2

3-7

.95

Cap

e Ve

rde

50.16

52.2

845

.61

49.19

46.9

84.

214.

212.

83C

ôte

d’Iv

oire

64.8

266

.82

52.8

063

.88

56.4

23.

083.

083.

82Th

e G

ambi

a17

7.00

184.

6742

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149.

0783

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4.33

41.8

522

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hana

29.7

330

.53

23.7

729

.35

25.5

62.

702.

704.

03G

uine

a10

0.0

92.0

91.6

294

.13

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40.

140.

240.

39G

uine

a-Bi

ssau

78.9

176

.1486

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80.3

984

.55

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1-3

.51

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5Li

beria

79.1

282

.36

60.6

777

.63

66.2

24.

094.

095.

10M

ali

56.6

257

.7652

.1456

.07

53.4

92.

022.

021.

81M

aurit

ania

33.3

734

.7629

.95

32.7

330

.98

4.15

4.15

2.96

Nig

er14

.20

14.18

18.14

14.2

116

.96

-0.1

3-0

.13

-2.8

9N

iger

ia20

.02

19.6

622

.25

20.2

121

.58

-1.8

1-1

.81

-1.9

7Se

nega

l75

.20

75.9

269

.77

74.8

571

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0.95

0.95

1.32

Sier

ra L

eone

104.

0010

4.29

87.0

410

1.17

92.16

0.27

3.69

2.41

Togo

15.0

015

.7120

.1716

.49

18.6

94.

74-7

.33

-1.74

Wes

t Afr

ica

33.0

333

.1632

.1832

.96

32.4

40.

410.

410.

48


Tabl

e 79

. Cen

tral A

fric

a: p

er-c

apita

rice

con

sum

ptio

n (m

illed

equ

ival

ent,

kg/y

ear)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

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020

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010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0C

amer

oon

27.3

729

.1520

.39

26.15

22.5

06.

508.

956.

38C

entra

l Afr

ican

Rep

ublic

4.50

4.90

5.79

5.56

5.45

8.89

-14.

710.

67C

had

5.38

5.11

7.26

5.53

6.70

-5.0

5-5

.05

-5.4

4C

ongo

23.7

723

.70

15.4

923

.81

17.9

8-0

.32

-0.3

25.

93D

RC13

.1413

.94

6.15

10.5

07.7

86.

0928

.50

11.0

3G

abon

37.6

237

.68

37.3

937

.59

37.4

60.

160.

160.

14Sã

o To

mé

and

Prín

cipe

18.4

717

.7624

.47

18.8

522

.67

-3.8

2-3

.82

-4.7

8C

entr

al A

fric

a10

.96

11.4

39.

0210

.759.

604.

294.

294.

14†

No

data

for E

quat

oria

l Gui

nea

in F

AO

STA

T.


Tabl

e 80

. Eas

t Afr

ica:

per

-cap

ita ri

ce c

onsu

mpt

ion

(mill

ed e

quiv

alen

t, kg

/yea

r)C

ount

ry†

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Bur

undi

6.65

6.89

5.52

6.54

5.86

3.65

3.65

3.80

Com

oros

59.4

959

.49

55.6

059

.50

56.7

7-0

.01

-0.0

10.

90D

jibou

ti39

.08

39.0

239

.77

39.11

39.5

6-0

.14-0

.14-0

.27

Eritr

ea0.

020.

010.

120.

020.

09-2

1.64

-21.

64-1

9.43

Ethi

opia

0.92

1.08

0.40

0.87

0.56

17.4

117

.41

18.8

4K

enya

8.83

9.54

6.76

8.52

7.38

8.13

8.13

6.65

Mad

agas

car

138.

0013

7.80

102.

6512

3.96

111.

24-0

.1511

.153.

29M

alaw

i4.

774.

904.

054.

704.

272.

802.

803.

15M

aurit

ius

48.6

347

.99

51.2

848

.96

50.4

9-1

.33

-1.3

3-1

.13

Moz

ambi

que

27.0

431

.23

13.4

925

.49

17.6

115

.50

15.5

015

.75Rw

anda

7.27

8.09

4.46

6.94

5.31

11.2

111

.21

11.14

Seyc

helle

s35

.1838

.24

27.3

833

.89

29.75

8.71

8.71

6.69

Tanz

ania

19.4

919

.79

19.2

119

.35

19.2

91.

531.

530.

76U

gand

a5.

025.

194.

414.

954.

593.

273.

272.

95Ea

st A

fric

a14

.28

14.6

412

.80

14.11

13.2

42.

552.

552.

36†

No

data

for R

éuni

on o

r Som

alia

in F

AO

STA

T.


Tabl

e 81

. Nor

th A

fric

a: p

er-c

apita

rice

con

sum

ptio

n (m

illed

equ

ival

ent,

kg/y

ear)

Cou

ntry

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Alg

eria

2.37

2.53

1.91

2.30

2.05

6.70

6.70

6.09

Egyp

t35

.67

35.0

438

.00

36.0

037

.30

-1.7

7-1

.77

-1.4

2Li

bya

12.9

712

.70

14.4

013

.1013

.97

-2.0

3-2

.03

-2.0

5M

oroc

co1.

081.1

30.

751.

060.

855.

015.

017.1

7Su

dan

2.29

2.63

1.79

2.16

1.95

15.0

315

.03

9.61

Tuni

sia

2.15

2.39

1.62

2.05

1.78

11.3

511

.35

8.30

Nort

h Af

rica

15.6

715

.50

16.3

115

.7516

.12-1

.07

-1.0

7-0

.88

Tabl

e 82

. Sou

ther

n A

fric

a: p

er-c

apita

rice

con

sum

ptio

n (m

illed

equ

ival

ent,

kg/y

ear)

Cou

ntry

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Ang

ola

5.12

5.18

4.97

5.09

5.02

1.21

1.21

0.82

Bot

swan

a16

.88

18.2

011

.36

16.3

113

.03

7.82

7.82

8.31

Leso

tho

5.78

5.89

5.28

5.73

5.43

1.87

1.87

1.86

Nam

ibia

3.75

3.82

3.39

3.71

3.50

1.88

1.88

2.02

Sout

h A

fric

a22

.03

23.3

615

.65

21.4

417

.57

6.04

6.04

6.81

Swaz

iland

26.5

230

.06

15.0

625

.1618

.54

13.3

313

.33

13.0

6Za

mbi

a2.

963.

092.

582.

902.

694.

474.

473.

56Zi

mba

bwe

2.43

2.71

1.56

2.32

1.83

11.5

811

.58

10.5

7So

uthe

rn A

fric

a20

.67

21.9

414

.67

20.11

16.4

86.

136.

136.

86


Tabl

e 83

. Sub

-Sah

aran

Afr

ica,

Afr

ica

and

wor

ld p

er-c

apita

rice

con

sum

ptio

n (m

illed

equ

ival

ent,

kg/y

ear)

Reg

ion

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Sub-

Saha

ran

Afr

ica

21.2

21.5

19.6

621

.08

20.1

31.

531.

431.

54A

fric

a20

.120

.318

.94

19.9

719

.28

1.06

1.06

1.13

Wor

ld52

.952

.953

.03

52.9

553

.00

-0.0

2-0

.02

-0.0

3


Tabl

e 84

. Wes

t Afr

ica:

rice

self-

suffi

cien

cy (%

)C

ount

ry†

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Ben

in15

.970

.116

.725

.621

.2-2

4.9

113.

5-1

.5B

urki

na F

aso

35.2

39.4

25.5

36.7

30.2

-0.8

12.9

5.7

Côt

e d’

Ivoi

re29

.934

.637

.234

.036

.3-2

.5-1

.5-2

.0Th

e G

ambi

a28

.033

.819

.621

.421

.7-1

5.8

74.2

0.5

Gha

na40

.650

.726

.636

.831

.1-4

.230

.95.

2G

uine

a80

.981

.877

.077

.977

.71.

63.

91.1

Gui

nea-

Biss

au54

.267

.550

.969

.356

.28.

8-6

.16.

7Li

beria

44.1

40.2

43.1

47.3

43.9

-1.8

-8.7

-0.1

Mal

i92

.396

.478

.889

.582

.6-0

.15.

32.

1M

aurit

ania

33.3

48.0

55.4

40.5

50.0

-4.1

-0.3

-5.8

Nig

er15

.115

.520

.715

.518

.4-1

.3-5

.7-5

.7N

iger

ia66

.253

.462

.364

.463

.04.

2-6

.31.

4Se

nega

l33

.238

.315

.326

.120

.0-1

.349

.89.

4Si

erra

Leo

ne83

.285

.574

.179

.175

.78.

64.

74.

4To

go35

.549

.740

.335

.238

.4-3

.715

.9-3

.2W

est A

fric

a56

.158

.850

.554

.952

.41.

35.

52.

0†

No

data

for C

ape

Verd

e in

FA

OST

AT.


Tabl

e 85

. Cen

tral A

fric

a: ri

ce se

lf-su

ffici

ency

(%)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0C

amer

oon

9.124

.410

.01

13.1

311

.37

-5.6

34.1

2.8

Cen

tral A

fric

an R

epub

lic80

.788

.888

.43

86.5

287

.42

2.2

-1.3

0.3

Cha

d99

.188

.997

.43

96.6

696

.94

-0.2

-3.3

-0.4

Con

go1.

22.

21.7

41.

661.7

9-6

.723

.30.

0D

RC74

.681

.759

.49

72.5

964

.10-5

.87.7

1.3

Gab

on1.

41.

62.

011.

401.

809.

21.1

0.2

Cen

tral

Afr

ica

34.4

45.2

36.4

837

.44

37.2

3-5

.79.

3-0

.8†

No

data

for E

quat

oria

l Gui

nea

or S

ão T

omé

and

Prín

cipe

in F

AO

STA

T.


Tabl

e 86

. Eas

t Afr

ica:

rice

self-

suffi

cien

cy (%

)C

ount

ry†

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Bur

undi

84.7

78.8

91.7

885

.96

89.9

3-2

.3-3

.9-1

.8C

omor

os29

.019

.429

.56

24.3

828

.16-2

.5-3

.8-3

.0Et

hiop

ia21

.818

.334

.98

20.0

431

.07

-21.1

5.9

-12.

2K

enya

7.8

16.0

14.6

012

.1513

.99

-5.9

6.0

-4.1

Mad

agas

car

96.1

96.0

91.7

294

.36

92.8

1-0

.21.7

0.5

Mal

awi

101.

310

0.6

96.2

099

.67

97.0

50.

60.

30.

7M

ozam

biqu

e12

.428

.430

.12

17.2

626

.73

-27.

624

.7-1

2.9

Rwan

da69

.850

.463

.95

67.6

064

.91

13.2

-10.

44.

8So

mal

ia7.9

6.0

9.29

11.16

10.15

-2.3

-17.7

-0.3

Tanz

ania

95.8

96.5

87.2

095

.81

89.6

72.

30.

12.

0U

gand

a74

.379

.768

.09

74.3

770

.57

-0.5

4.6

1.4

East

Afr

ica

75.5

78.8

74.6

075

.77

75.4

6-2

.32.

9-0

.3†

No

data

for D

jibou

ti, E

ritre

a, M

aurit

ius,

Réu

nion

or S

eych

elle

s in

FAO

STA

T.


Tabl

e 87

. Nor

th A

fric

a: ri

ce se

lf-su

ffici

ency

(%)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0A

lger

ia0.

20.

10.

40.

30.

30.

2-2

4.5

-7.1

Egyp

t11

4.4

109.

312

3.6

115.

311

9.5

2.4

-4.7

-0.6

Mor

occo

73.5

75.4

86.2

75.3

83.8

-2.5

1.9

-2.2

Suda

n28

.245

.019

.232

.524

.33.

222

.010

.5No

rth

Afri

ca11

0.1

101.

211

4.0

107.7

110.

91.

8-4

.0-0

.6†

No

data

for L

ibya

or T

unis

ia in

FA

OST

AT.

Tabl

e 88

. Sou

ther

n A

fric

a: ri

ce se

lf-su

ffici

ency

(%)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0A

ngol

a4.

04.

33.

632.

693.

51-2

4.3

67.7

-7.5

Sout

h A

fric

a0.

30.

30.

280.

270.

28-4

.63.

3-1

.5Sw

azila

nd0.

30.

40.

400.

340.

39-1

2.7

5.0

-5.4

Zam

bia

73.8

75.2

36.0

365

.03

45.1

33.

710

.710

.2Zi

mba

bwe

0.8

0.3

1.96

0.70

1.56

-15.

9-3

0.7

-19.

6So

uthe

rn A

fric

a3.

74.

11.

672.

792.

15-5

.748

.57.4

† B

otsw

ana,

Les

otho

and

Nam

ibia

do

not g

row

rice

.


Tabl

e 89

. Sub

-Sah

aran

Afr

ica,

Afr

ica

and

wor

ld ri

ce se

lf-su

ffici

ency

(%)

Reg

ion

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Sub-

Saha

ran

Afr

ica

57.2

63.6

52.4

57.0

54.5

-0.3

7.3

1.6

Afr

ica

67.2

68.0

63.8

65.9

64.7

0.0

2.7

0.7

Wor

ld10

0.0

100.

310

0.2

100.

210

0.2

0.0

0.0

0.0


Tabl

e 90

. Wes

t Afr

ica:

rice

cal

orie

inta

ke (k

cal/p

erso

n pe

r day

)C

ount

ry20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0B

enin

436.

950

5.9

255.

641

1.5

310.

915

.815

.813

.6B

urki

na F

aso

114.

610

8.3

177.

211

8.2

158.

5-5

.5-5

.5-7

.2C

ape

Verd

e50

1.8

523.

145

5.9

492.

146

9.8

4.2

4.2

2.9

Côt

e d’

Ivoi

re58

5.8

603.

248

0.8

577.

651

2.3

3.0

3.0

3.7

The

Gam

bia

636.

166

5.9

418.

162

2.5

483.

64.

74.

77.

6G

hana

293.

730

4.4

224.

728

8.8

245.

43.

63.

65.

0G

uine

a96

9.4

973.

792

1.8

967.

293

6.1

0.4

0.4

0.8

Gui

nea-

Biss

au79

0.3

762.

886

9.4

805.

184

5.8

-3.5

-3.5

-2.4

Libe

ria79

2.4

823.

560

9.777

8.1

664.

63.

93.

95.

0M

ali

561.

057

1.9

517.7

555.

753

0.7

2.0

2.0

1.8

Mau

ritan

ia32

8.7

343.

029

2.6

322.

230

3.5

4.3

4.3

3.1

Nig

er13

6.2

136.

017

3.2

136.

216

2.1

-0.1

-0.1

-2.8

Nig

eria

204.

020

0.5

225.

220

5.8

218.

9-1

.7-1

.7-1

.9Se

nega

l74

3.4

750.

569

0.2

740.

070

6.2

0.9

0.9

1.3

Sier

ra L

eone

903.

390

6.1

845.

090

1.9

862.

50.

30.

31.

0To

go21

5.6

225.

019

7.8

211.

320

3.2

4.4

4.4

2.9

Wes

t Afr

ica

326.

932

8.5

317.1

326.

132

0.0

0.5

0.5

0.6


Tabl

e 91

. Cen

tral A

fric

a: ri

ce c

alor

ie in

take

(kca

l/per

son

per d

ay)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0C

amer

oon

251.7

267.

620

4.5

244.

621

8.8

6.3

6.3

5.1

Cen

tral A

fric

an R

epub

lic10

2.6

111.

860

.398

.873

.18.

98.

910

.9C

had

53.8

51.1

72.5

55.3

66.9

-5.0

-5.0

-5.4

Con

go23

6.3

235.

415

4.8

236.

817

9.2

-0.4

-0.4

5.8

DRC

81.8

87.0

61.2

79.5

67.4

6.4

6.4

6.2

Equa

toria

l Gui

nea

Gab

on37

6.2

376.

837

3.6

375.

837

4.4

0.2

0.2

0.1

São

Tom

é an

d Pr

ínci

pe18

2.7

175.

224

6.2

186.

722

7.2

-4.1

-4.1

-5.1

Cen

tral

Afr

ica

109.

611

4.3

90.2

107.4

96.1

4.3

4.3

4.1

† N

o da

ta fo

r Equ

ator

ial G

uine

a in

FA

OST

AT.


Tabl

e 92

. Eas

t Afr

ica:

rice

cal

orie

inta

ke (k

cal/p

erso

n pe

r day

)C

ount

ry†

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Bur

undi

61.5

63.9

49.9

60.3

53.3

4.0

4.0

4.2

Com

oros

587.1

583.

456

7.0

589.

057

3.0

-0.6

-0.6

0.3

Djib

outi

385.

438

4.8

392.

338

5.7

390.

2-0

.1-0

.1-0

.3Er

itrea

0.1

0.1

1.2

0.2

0.9

-23.

4-2

3.4

-21.7

Ethi

opia

9.0

10.5

3.9

8.4

5.4

17.2

17.2

18.7

Ethi

opia

PD

R8.

28.

95.

78.

06.

57.

87.

87.

8K

enya

85.9

93.2

64.9

82.8

71.2

8.5

8.5

7.0

Mad

agas

car

1034

.910

33.4

1044

.110

35.7

1041

.4-0

.1-0

.1-0

.2M

alaw

i46

.948

.239

.946

.342

.02.

82.

83.

1M

aurit

ius

491.

048

5.1

512.

649

4.0

506.

1-1

.2-1

.2-1

.0M

ozam

biqu

e26

2.0

301.

513

2.4

247.

317

1.8

15.1

15.1

15.4

Rwan

da69

.076

.542

.865

.950

.710

.910

.910

.9Se

yche

lles

350.

138

0.7

272.

433

7.3

296.

08.

78.

76.

7Ta

nzan

ia19

9.9

202.

719

9.0

198.

519

9.2

1.4

1.4

0.6

Uga

nda

49.0

50.7

43.0

48.3

44.8

3.3

3.3

3.0

East

Afr

ica

143.

214

6.7

129.

114

1.6

133.

42.

42.

42.

2†

No

data

for R

éuni

on o

r Som

alia

in F

AO

STA

T.


Tabl

e 93

. Nor

th A

fric

a: ri

ce c

alor

ie in

take

(kca

l/per

son

per d

ay)

Cou

ntry

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Alg

eria

23.9

25.6

19.2

23.2

20.6

6.9

6.9

6.3

Egyp

t37

5.0

368.

539

8.9

378.

439

1.7-1

.7-1

.7-1

.4Li

bya

131.

512

8.9

146.

013

2.9

141.7

-2.0

-2.0

-2.0

Mor

occo

10.9

11.5

7.5

10.6

8.5

5.3

5.3

7.5

Suda

n22

.525

.418

.721

.419

.813

.013

.08.

0Tu

nisi

a21

.323

.716

.120

.317

.711

.311

.38.

3No

rth

Afri

ca16

4.1

162.

317

0.8

165.

016

8.8

-1.1

-1.1

-0.9

Tabl

e 94

. Sou

ther

n A

fric

a: ri

ce c

alor

ie in

take

(kca

l/per

son

per d

ay)

Cou

ntry

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Ang

ola

51.3

51.9

49.8

51.0

50.3

1.2

1.2

0.8

Bot

swan

a16

4.6

177.

611

0.4

159.1

126.

87.9

7.9

8.4

Leso

tho

57.0

58.1

52.0

56.5

53.5

1.9

1.9

1.9

Nam

ibia

37.2

38.0

33.5

36.9

34.6

2.0

2.0

2.1

Sout

h A

fric

a21

6.8

229.

915

4.1

211.

017

3.0

6.0

6.0

6.8

Swaz

iland

261.

829

6.7

148.

524

8.3

182.

913

.413

.413

.1Za

mbi

a29

.230

.625

.428

.626

.64.

64.

63.

6Zi

mba

bwe

24.4

27.2

15.7

23.3

18.3

11.7

11.7

10.6

Sout

hern

Afr

ica

203.

321

5.7

144.

419

7.8

162.

16.

16.

16.

8


Tabl

e 95

. Sub

-Sah

aran

Afr

ica,

Afr

ica

and

wor

ld ri

ce c

alor

ie in

take

(kca

l/per

son

per d

ay)

Reg

ion

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Sub-

Saha

ra A

fric

a29

4.8

300.

026

6.14

292.

2727

4.74

1.76

1.76

1.96

Afr

ica

201.

220

3.3

189.

8620

0.14

193.

261.

071.

071.1

3W

orld

532.

453

2.3

533.

3353

2.47

533.

05-0

.02

-0.0

2-0

.03


Tabl

e 96

. Wes

t Afr

ica:

rice

shar

e in

cal

orie

inta

ke (%

)C

ount

ry20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0B

enin

16.9

19.4

10.3

16.0

12.3

14.7

14.7

12.5

Bur

kina

Fas

o4.

23.

96.

84.

46.

0-6

.3-6

.3-7

.9C

ape

Verd

e18

.919

.418

.418

.618

.62.

52.

51.

3C

ôte

d’Iv

oire

22.9

23.5

19.3

22.7

20.4

2.4

2.4

3.1

The

Gam

bia

26.3

27.3

18.1

25.8

20.5

3.9

3.9

6.6

Gha

na9.

89.

98.

19.7

8.6

1.9

1.9

3.2

Gui

nea

37.0

36.8

37.2

37.1

37.1

-0.5

-0.5

-0.2

Gui

nea-

Biss

au33

.732

.338

.734

.537

.3-4

.2-4

.2-3

.2Li

beria

35.2

36.2

28.9

34.7

30.8

2.8

2.8

3.7

Mal

i20

.820

.920

.720

.820

.70.

50.

50.

3M

aurit

ania

11.4

11.9

10.5

11.2

10.8

3.7

3.7

2.5

Nig

er5.

65.

57.7

5.6

7.1-1

.6-1

.6-4

.5N

iger

ia7.

27.

08.

67.

48.

2-3

.0-3

.0-3

.2Se

nega

l30

.630

.430

.830

.730

.8-0

.7-0

.7-0

.3Si

erra

Leo

ne40

.439

.940

.840

.640

.7-1

.2-1

.2-0

.5To

go9.

810

.19.

49.

69.

53.

33.

31.

8W

est A

fric

a12

.011

.912

.412

.112

.3-0

.8-0

.8-0

.7


Tabl

e 97

. Cen

tral A

fric

a: ri

ce sh

are

in c

alor

ie in

take

(%)

Cou

ntry

†20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0C

amer

oon

10.9

11.5

9.2

10.6

9.75.

55.

54.

4C

entra

l Afr

ican

Rep

ublic

5.1

5.5

3.1

4.9

3.7

8.2

8.2

10.1

Cha

d2.

62.

43.

62.

73.

3-5

.9-5

.9-6

.3C

ongo

9.2

9.16.

39.

37.

2-1

.3-1

.35.

0D

RC5.

05.

33.

94.

94.

25.

85.

85.

6G

abon

13.5

13.4

13.9

13.5

13.8

-0.6

-0.6

-0.6

São

Tom

é an

d Pr

ínci

pe6.

66.

29.

56.

88.

7-5

.5-5

.5-6

.4C

entr

al A

fric

a5.

86.

05.

05.

75.

23.

53.

53.

3†

No

data

for E

quat

oria

l Gui

nea

in F

AO

STA

T.


Tabl

e 98

. Eas

t Afr

ica:

rice

shar

e in

cal

orie

inta

ke (%

)C

ount

ry†

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Bur

undi

3.7

3.8

3.0

3.6

3.2

4.2

4.2

4.4

Com

oros

30.4

29.8

31.3

30.7

31.0

-1.9

-1.9

-1.0

Djib

outi

16.1

15.7

18.2

16.3

17.5

-2.3

-2.3

-2.4

Eritr

ea0.

00.

00.

10.

00.

1-2

4.3

-24.

3-2

2.6

Ethi

opia

0.4

0.5

0.2

0.4

0.3

15.8

15.8

17.2

Ethi

opia

PD

R0.

60.

60.

40.

50.

48.

28.

28.

2K

enya

4.1

4.4

3.2

3.9

3.5

8.1

8.1

6.4

Mad

agas

car

47.1

46.6

50.0

47.3

49.1

-1.0

-1.0

-1.1

Mal

awi

2.1

2.2

1.9

2.1

2.0

2.1

2.1

2.3

Mau

ritiu

s16

.516

.217

.516

.617

.2-1

.4-1

.4-1

.3M

ozam

biqu

e12

.414

.06.

511

.78.

313

.613

.614

.1Rw

anda

3.3

3.6

2.1

3.1

2.5

10.1

10.1

9.9

Seyc

helle

s14

.115

.211

.313

.612

.28.

28.

26.

0Ta

nzan

ia9.7

9.710

.19.7

10.0

0.6

0.6

-0.3

Uga

nda

2.2

2.3

1.9

2.2

2.0

3.8

3.8

3.7

East

Afr

ica

6.9

7.0

6.4

6.8

6.6

1.7

1.7

1.5

† N

o da

ta fo

r Réu

nion

or S

omal

ia in

FA

OST

AT.


Tabl

e 99

. Nor

th A

fric

a: ri

ce sh

are

in c

alor

ie in

take

(%)

Cou

ntry

2009

2010

Year

ly a

vera

geA

nnua

l gro

wth

rat

e (%

)

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

020

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

Alg

eria

0.7

0.8

0.6

0.7

0.7

6.2

6.2

5.5

Egyp

t11

.811

.712

.511

.912

.3-1

.3-1

.3-1

.2Li

bya

4.2

4.1

4.7

4.2

4.5

-2.3

-2.3

-2.3

Mor

occo

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.3

0.3

4.5

4.5

6.8

Suda

n1.

01.1

0.8

0.9

0.9

11.8

11.8

6.9

Tuni

sia

0.6

0.7

0.5

0.6

0.5

11.0

11.0

7.9

Nort

h Af

rica

3.1

5.3

3.2

3.7

3.4

-0.6

17.4

2.3


Tabl

e 10

0. S

outh

ern

Afr

ica:

rice

shar

e in

cal

orie

inta

ke (%

)C

ount

ry20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0A

ngol

a2.

52.

52.

62.

52.

6-0

.5-0

.5-0

.8B

otsw

ana

7.2

7.75.

07.

05.

77.

37.

37.7

Leso

tho

2.3

2.3

2.1

2.3

2.2

1.6

1.6

1.6

Nam

ibia

1.5

1.6

1.4

1.5

1.5

1.3

1.3

1.3

Sout

h A

fric

a7.

27.

55.

27.

05.

85.

45.

46.

2Sw

azila

nd11

.413

.06.

410

.88.

013

.413

.413

.2Za

mbi

a1.

61.

61.

41.

51.

44.

64.

63.

7Zi

mba

bwe

1.11.

20.

71.

00.

89.7

9.78.

8So

uthe

rn A

fric

a6.

97.

35.

06.

75.

65.

55.

56.

3

Tabl

e 10

1. S

ub-S

ahar

an A

fric

a, A

fric

a an

d w

orld

rice

shar

e in

cal

orie

inta

ke (%

)R

egio

n20

0920

10Ye

arly

ave

rage

Ann

ual g

row

th r

ate

(%)

20

01–2

007

2007

–201

020

01–2

010

2001

–200

720

07–2

010

2001

–201

0Su

b Sa

hara

n A

fric

a12

.512

.611

.812

.512

.10.

90.

91.

0 A

fric

a 8.

18.

17.9

8.0

7.90.

40.

40.

4 W

orld

18

.918

.819

.418

.919

.2-0

.4-0

.4-0

.5


REFERENCES

FAO. 2010. Price volatility in agricultural markets: Evidence, impact on food security and policy responses. Economic and Social Perspectives Policy Brief No. 12. FAO, Rome.

FAO. 2011a. Rice Market Monitor Vol. 14 No. 2 (April). FAO, Rome.

FAO. 2011b. Global Food Price Monitor (8 July). FAO, Rome.

FAO. 2011c. FAOSTAT. http://faostat.fao.org (accessed 3 August 2011).

FAO. 2011d. FAO initiative on soaring food prices. www.fao.org/isfp/isfp-home/en/ (accessed 10 August 2011).

FAO. 2012a. Rice Market Monitor Vol. 15 No. 1 (January). FAO, Rome.

FAO. 2012b. FAOSTAT. http://faostat.fao.org (accessed 26 January 2012).

FAO. 2012c. FAOSTAT. http://faostat.fao.org (accessed 28 February 2012).

FAO. 2012d. Rice Market Monitor Vol. 15 No. 3 (July). FAO, Rome.

Méndez del Villar, P. 2012. InterRice Monthly Report of the World Market of Rice No. 101 (July). CIRAD, Montpellier, France.

Rejesus, R.M., Mohanty, S. and Balagtas, J.V. 2012. Forecasting Global Rice Consumption. Working Paper. Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.

World Bank. 2012. Data: Methodologies. http://data.worldbank.org/about/data-overview/methodologies (accessed 2 April 2012).

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