africa rice annual report 1978

8/3/2019 Africa Rice Annual Report 1978

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Annual

Report1978


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WEST AFRICA RICE D E V E L O P ~ l l i N T ASSOCIATION (WARDA)

ANNUAL lillPORT

Nonrovia, J'une 1979


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(i)

E'OREvIORD GOVERl\J ING CO UNC L. .. SCIENTIF'IC AND TECHNICAL C O I v ~ i I T ; I E E I


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TRAINING P R O G ~ ~ DOCUMENTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS PROORANNES

A. Documentation Centre B. Communications

Page79848486


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-2-FOHEvJQ :W

I t i s a pleasure to present the f i r s t Annual H.eportof the new Administration of the West Africa Rice Development Association (WARDA). This report covers the accountsof the Association from January 1978 to Deaember 1978.

Significant changes and act ivi t ies took plci.ce withinthe Association during th is period. AIIlong these are s taf fchanges and improvement a t the executive and professionallevels , quinquennial reviews and evaluations of WARDA'sact ivi t ies , studies and consultancies, new programs, andacquisi t ion of a new member and donors. All of these haveexpanded in teres ts in WARDA and the importance of i t sprogrammes. I t i s also a demonstration of the quality ofWARDA's work and the confidence it has el ici ted from withinand without the subregion. We wish therefore to thank theWARDA Member States , the Bilateral and Multi lateral Agenciesand Cooperating Ins t i tu t ions for their support of WARDA.

Even though W ~ { D A has made some impact on r ice production programmes in i t s Member States , it i s far fromachieving i t s long-term objective of r ice self-sufficiencywithin the subregion. As a resul t r ice imports have in creased in recent years, and th is trend wil l continue evento 1985 i f concerted efforts to reverse th is trend are notmade a t the national and subregional levels .

Many important factors operate to slow the growthof r ice production in the vlARDA subregion. Populationgrowth and increase in per capita r ice consumption; unstableweather pattern; lack of adequate agricultural infrastructure,high yielding r ice variet ies and improved inputs and servicesconstrain the acceleration of r ice production effor.ts. WARDAand i t s Member States would therefore require large additionalinvestment funds from internal and external sources to meeti t s food requirements by 1985.

Monrovia, LiberiaJune 1979

Sidi CoulibalyExecutive Secretary


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J'a ' L S _ l 1 ~ J ! L l ? 1 : . ~ _ ~ i l : L w ~ er C;ount r e sJ l l i ~ g 9 . . 1 1 ~ . O . ~ Q ! . ! J R 1 L 1 ? U B J . : ! ! ! . ! 1 L l ~ Q f ~ ' [:)_ R E . f ~ $ J . 1 f .Q.._ BEN INIVI. Philippe AKPO - ChairmanMinistre du Developpement Rural et de l lAction CooperativePORTO NOVOQ Q ! l l . . . . J 2 . d Y ~ Q . f J ~ i J V ' O l n : _ C O A ? ' : r : M. Kouame OTCHOUNOUDirecteur de l 'Administration CentralelViinistere de l 'Agriculture.ABIDJ"ANf t 4 1 1 l l l 1 2 L 1 ' H K ~ J J 1 Hon. J"allow SANHEHParliamentary 8ecretaryfiiinistry of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesBANJULg J . J . A N ~ Brigadier N.A. ODARTEY-WELLINGTONCommissioner of AgricultureIVinistl'Y of AgricultureP. O. Box f\!137ACCRAGUrNEE BISSAULQYINEA BISSAU.._. ...__ _ .-.r,-.__ . ,.,-'' ... . . _- ., . , . . , . . . - . , . , . . . , . ' ; ' O _ ~ fir. Lui s C. R.IBEIRODirecteur de ServiceIVlinistere de I ' AgricultureBISSAU! 1 A U H l Q . l , T A j Q E ~ m VClhTA.rll. Ibrahim B. NEBIEDirectcur Nat ional du CERCIB.P. 540BOBO DIOULASSO


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~ I B E . f U ~ Hon. Florence A. CHENOWETHMinister of Agriculturet'linistry of Agriculturer10NROVIA,!'1ALI_1I . rvIoriba CISSOKHODirecteur de Cabinet

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Ministere du Developpement RuralBANAKOl'iIGliRIVI. Zakary GARBADirecteur General de l'INRANB.P. 429NIM-ffiYN I G ~ 4 Mr. Muhammadu LH'IA.NFederal Director of AgricultureFederal rUnistry of AgricultureLAGOSSENEGAL.... -Dr. Jacques nIOUFMinistere du D ~ v e l o p p e m e n t Rural e t de l 'hydrauliqueDAKAR

SIERRA LEONE__ . , . . . i ' " I " , . . . . . . . . O_ ,. .-;I"T"__ _Hon. A.IvI. ULABA-SAMDRADeputy Hin i s te rI'Unistry of Agriculture and Nati onal ResourcesFREETOWN


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TOGO-M. Tonyawo AITHNAHDDirecteur de 1a Recherche Agronomique p. i .B.P. 431LOME


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SCIENTIFIC Al\iD TECHNICAL COI>1MI'l'TEEMember..:U..MembresDr. Christian E. BakerVeterinary ConsultantP.O. Box 1180Monrovia, LIBERIADr. Zakary GarbaDirecteur General de l ' Ins t i tu tNational de Recherches AgronomiquesINRAN, B.P. 429Niamey, NIGERDr. R.A.D. JonesActing DirectorRice Research StationRokupr, SIERRA LEONEDr. L.J. MarenahFAO Expertc/o UNDPP.O. Box 24Mogadishu, SOMALIAM.L. SaugerDirecteur G ~ n ~ r a l de l ' Ins t i tu tSenegalais de Recherches AgricolesB.P. 3120Dakar, SENEGALDr. Bakary ToureDoyen de la Faculte des Sciences del 'Universite d'AbidjanB.P. 4322, AbidjanCOTE D'IVOIREDr. Arouna SemaConseiller Technique~ 1 i n i s t ~ r e du Developpement RuralB.P. l L ~ 6 3 Lome, TOGO


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-"1-MANAGEr1ENT

\'{ARDA r S Constitution established three importantins t i tu t ions for the pol i t ical (policy) technical andadministrative management of WARDA. The V1AHDA g . 2 . ~ e . . r . , p . J : P A ~ n c i ~ i s the policy organ of the Association, and i scomposed of Ninisters of Agriculture or Rural Development(or thei r representatives) from the f i f teen member s tates .Members of the Governing Council are appointed by theirrespective Governments. The Council reviews and approvesthe programmes and budgets of the Association.

~ c i e n ~ ~ c and T ~ c h n i c a l Committee (STC) i s thetechnical ,organ of WARDA and i s composed of twelve (12)sc ient is ts and professionals from member states (seven)cooperating ins t i tu t ions (three) and donor agencies (two).Members of the STC are elected by the Governing Council


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I t "TaS on October 1, 1977 tha t the newly electedExecutive Secretary, Mr. Sidi Coulibaly took over from!>'ir. Jacques Diouf who is currently the Secretary of :itatefor Scient i f ic and Technical Research in the Republic ofSenegal. Dr. Nab-Doe Bropleh, Deputy Executive Secretary,who was elected a t the Seventh Ordinary Session of theGoverning Council in Cotonou, took over his new duties onJanuary 9, 1978.

The f i r s t task of the new team "laS to v i s i t membercountries in order to maintain contact with local at:thori t iesso as to gain insight into the situation of rice developmentand research in the respective countries, thei r concerns,the ir evaluation of WARDA's programmes and act ivi t ies aswell as to benefi t from suggestions tha t could be used indrawing up future plans and work programmes. Several vis i tshave also been made to a l l the special reses.rch projects(Rokupr, Richard-Toll, Bouake and Nopti) as well as toseveral t r i a l points . Old and potential new donors werecontacted for continued and expanded support of W f . P ~ A t s programmes.

The current Chairman of the Governing CounCil, HisExcellency, Philippe Akpo, Minister of Rural Developmentand Cooperative Action of Benin undertook several missions\ l l i thin the frame\lTork of the mandate given him by theGoverning Council. In l'-'lay 1978, he vis i ted N1geriaaccompanied by the Executive Secretary. This was follO\..,redby a v i s i t to the \iiAHDA Headquarters \Jhere he was introducedto the services under the Executive Secretary und where hemet with authori t ies of the IViinistry of .h.gricul ure ofLiberia, the host country. He visited Nonrovia again inBeptember 1973 to preside over the f inal meeting betweenthe Secretar ia t nnd the quinquennial review r.1ission of theTechnical Advisory Committee (TAt) and to e } ~ r e s s , on behalfof the Governing Council, the viewpoint of the member s ta teson the preliminary remarks and recommendations of the reviev}"


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mission. The term of off ice of th is Chairman has beenf i l led with act ivi t ies and the Chairman has been veryencouraging and supportative of the Executive Secretaryand the entire WARDA s taf f . We would l ike to express , ourvery sincere tharuts to mim.

"The 't-7People f s ,Revolutionary Republic of Guinearat i f ied the WARDA Act and Constitution ' and depositedthem with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republicof Liberia. Thus Guinea became the "15th Nember btateof the Association.

We have successfully contacted potent ial new donorsto whom we have already presented new projects for funding,for example we contacted the EEC ' in Brussels, the OPECSpecial Fund in Vienna, the Interna.tional Fund for AgriculturalDevelopment (IFAD) in Rome, and the 'U.N. Programme forTechnical Cooperation between Developing Countries (TCDC).

Besides our normal act ivi t ies with "cooperating ins t i -tmtes and organizations, new cooperation agreements weresigned \'rith the International Ins t i tu te for TropicalAgriculture (IITA) in Ibadan, Nigeria, the InternationalCentre" of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), the IndianCouncil on Agricultural Research ( leNt) and the Pan-AfricanIns t i llte fo r Development, 'Vlest Africa (Ouagadougou). Tieswere established with regional cooperation organizationssuch as the A:frican Development Bank (ADB) , O}V[V,S, CILSS,the Sahel Ins t i tu te , " 1 a n o River Union, Lake Chud BasinCommission, CEAO and ECOI'Il-B.

I t i s appropriate to record tha t though the ll{DPis phasing out i t s regular support to WARDA by 1981, i thas committed in 1978 funds to support for three years aWARDA administered Technical Cooperation amonG DevelopingCountries (TCDC) Project.1'!ARDA i s further encouraged bythe promise of the Director-General of the Food andAgriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAD) toseek authority from the next FAD Conference for the


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- 10-Technical Cooperation Program (TCP), in l ine with TCDC,to provide support to important regional organizationssuch as WARDA. This will make it possible for WAPillA toreceive assistance under FAO's regular programme.

This year has been particularly busy in terms ofreview and consultancy missions to help in the improvementof our financial, administrative and technical services.There were two consultancy missions on f inancial services ,one on legal and consti tut ional matters and f ive quinquennialreview missions on technical programmes in the areas ofresearch, development, t raining, c o m m ~ i c a t i o n s and documentat ion.

The USAID review mission evaluated WARDA t raming andspecial research projects a t Mopti and Rokupr. A t r ipar t i teteam consisting of Ul\i'DP /FAO and VlARDA reviewed our development programs and TAC of the Consultative Group forInternational Agricultural Research (CGIAR) evaluated theentire vlARDA ac t ivi t ies with par t icular emphasiS on theoverall research programme. Small reviews were undertakenby IDRC on our special project , and by French Cooperationand Aid Fund (FAC) on the seed multiplication project .Both of these projects are located a t Hichard-Toll/Fanayein Senegal. These technical reviews wil l form the gasisfor the WARDA Five-Year Plan coveri:ng 1980-1984.

The research, development, t raining and informationact ivi t ies have been quite sat isfactory and continue toimprove. A new Department of Training was created anda head appointed, who took office in November 1978. Giventhe volume and increasingly gro'\1r1ng amount of' managementduties to perform, we strengthened our administrativeand f inancial services by hiring a Chief of Administrationand a Financial Comptroller. 1/1B.nagement Committees werereconsti tuted with revised compositions.


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-11-ADNINISTRATION AND FINAN"CE

The Department provides administrative and f inancialsupport to the various programs and operations of WMlDA.Administration i s headed by an Administrative Officerand Finance by a Financial Controller; both of whoseact ivi t ies are directly supervised and coordinated by theChief of Administration and Finance. Both the divisions ofAdministration and Finance were reorganized for bet terdistr ibution and control of tasks and exercise of responsibil i t i e s . New terms of reference, job descriptions and workplans were prepared.

The Administration Division was organized into fourunits dealing with Personnel/Insurance, Procurement/Inventory,Liaison and Maintenance/Transport.During the year, new conditions of service were establishedfor s ta f f a t field projects to re f lec t local conditions andto avoid dispar i t ies between WARDA s ta f f and national s taf f .Also new recruitment forms were devised together withappropriate scale of benefits and emoluments. Theseconditions were incorporated in the new Agreement signedbetween WARDA and the Government of Sierra Leone. Theconditions of service for the Headquarters general servicess ta f f were reviewed and improved in order to be competitiveand ra ise the morale of the s taf f . During the year therewere eighteen (18) seperations and twenty-one posts f i l led .

The procurement Officer was sent on an internship oninternational procurement procedures a t the InternationalInst i tute of Education ( lIE) in New York and l a te rwas sent to the International Inst i tute of TropicalAgriculture (IITA) in Ibadan on an attachment course toobserve procurement procedures. A Clearing Agent wasappointed to handle and accelerate a l l WARDA foreign ordersand minimize rent charges.

Inventory and stores records and fixed assets havebeen updated and properly maintained a t Headquarters.


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-12-F'ixed Assets Ledgers were established for three f ie ldprojects - Hichard-Toll, Rokupr and l"Iopti and a similarexercise was commenced a t Headquarters to bring the ledgerup-to-date.

The Liaison Unit, as the Protocol arm of theSecretariat , has continued to arrange visas, entry andresidential permits for the many vis i tors to WARDA'spart icipants a t Conferences and Seminars, studentsontraining courses and s taf f members. I t has, in par t iculart r ied to faci l i ta te the enjoyment of privi leges andimmunities by s taf f members and provided a welfare servicefor the s taf f .

Maintenance services have been provided on anscale both in the of f ice and res ident ia l premises.maintenance was also improved by the establishmentan in ternal workshop.

extensiveTransportof

The Finance Division is organized into two sectionsof finance and budget. The Finance Unit has made someimprovements in thei r accounting, control, codification andpayment procedures. Plans have been made to improve thesefurther by a greater degree of mechanisation and othermeasures. The Budget section operates under dif f icul tconditions, as it has to prepare, monitor and report regularly on eighteen (18) different budgets separately.As many of these budgets have special rules and proceduresfor preparation and reporting, they create a certain degreeof c o m ~ l e x i ty and therefore slow down production. 1.vARDAhas recommended a unified budget and accounting approach.


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The 1978 approved budget figures, statement ofeXpenditures and Senior Staff l i s t for the various programmesof the Association are presented in the following pages.


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PERSONNEL

EXECUTIVE SECRETARIATl\!r. SidiCoulibalyDr. Nah-DoeBroplehMr. E. Quartey-PapafioMr. B.D. SenegalMiss Begay JagneII'.Irs. Brenda PhillipsMrs. Catherine WoodsMr. r.'lamadou Maiga

Executive SecretaryDeputy Executive SecretaryFAO Team LeaderHead, Planning and AuditBilingual SecretaryAdministrative SecretaryAdministrative SecretaryResistry Secretary~ ' . I I N I S T R A T I V E F I ~ L ~ L ~ DIVISION,Mr. G.O. Coleridge-TaylorMr. D. SickelmoreMr. H. G. Ankoma-SeyMr. J.N.A. QuayeIY'J.I'. C. B DunbarMr. S.J. MerchantMr. T.S. Traorers. N.B. NeufvilleE. Elsie Bruce-Does . Vera Duchein J . EdziiMr. J . DagherMr. E. HenshawfrJr. H. Larbi~ ~ s . S. FernandezRESEARCH DEPARTMENTDr. B.A.C. EnyiDr. D.K. Das GuptaDr. G. PakuDr. M. ChoudhuryDr. A.O. AbifarinDr. D. SrivastavaIJlr. B. LarindeMrs. L. KandakaiMr. G. VarangortIr. O.KoffiMr. S. AssengnignouDr. H.. Kargboflir. P. ChepuwuraMiss M. GrantMrs. N. MagnaniMr. S. CooperNr. L. Hessou

Chief, Administration & FinanceFinancial ControllerFinance OfficerAdministrative OfficerPersonnel OfficerLiaison OfficerProcurement OfficerPersonnel AssistantBilingual SecretaryA d m i n i s t r a t i v ~ SecretaryAccounting A ~ s i s t a n t Maintenance OfficerBudget AssistantBudget AssistantSecretary

Research CoordinatorVariety Improvement CoordinatorAgronomic Stat is t ic ianRice BreederRice Breeder .Senior Plant PathologistSeed SuperintendentAssistant Seed SuperintendentArchitectSub-Regional Coordinator (Niger)Sub-Regional Coordinator(U.Volta)Sub-Regional Coordinator (Gambia ::Assistant Sub-Regional Coordinate:(Gh.a:na)Biiingual SecretaryAdministrative SecretarySenior Field TechnicianAdministrative Assistant


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-17 --yecial Research P r o j e c t s ~ Rokupr, Sierra LeoneNr. E. j-onesMr. J . StenhouseMr. M. Agyen-SampongMr. f1. JonesMr. H.r1. BernardMr. C.A. DixonMr. S.N. FombaMr. S.J. FannahB i ~ a r d Toll - F a n a y e L S ~ e g a l Nr. H. Van BrandtMr. A. ColyMr. T. Diopl'vlr. I . CamaraI'1r. A.IV!. DiopMr. J . DomeMoptiz MaliDr. c'Q. KoliMr. GoitaIVlr. A. DiarraMr. A. ToureNr. C. Dembele1I1r .. M. DembeleMr. K. GoitaMr. S. DialloPEVELOPMENT DEE.' A R T ~Dr. D.S.C. Spencerf1r. J . C. LevasseurMr. L. PeyrichouNr. D. SanniMr. P . SessouNr. G. VarangoHr. K. FurugoriMr. T. AkutsuMr. E. ArthurMiss A. CoxMr. A. Ghartey

Mr. A. DiopMr. p. DioufMr. P. De Schryver

SQil Scient is t and HeadBreederEntomologistResearch Assistant, BreedingResearch Assistant, vleed ScienceResearch Assistant, Soil ScienceResearch Assistant, PathologyResearch ASsistant, Entomology

Acting Team LeaderResearch Assistant, VarietyImprovementResearch Assistant., EntomologistResearch Assistant, Soil ScienceResearch Assistant, Weed ScienceAssis t'ant BreederDeputy DirectorResearch Assistant, BreedingResearch Assistant, Weed ControlResearch Assistant, AgronomyResearch Assis tant , EntomologyResearch/Extension OfficerFarm ManagerAdministra:tive Assis tantActing Head/Senior EconomistEconomistAgronomistRural EngineerAssistant Rural EngineerArchitectRice Processing ExpertAssistant Rice Processing ExpertSenior DraftsmanAdministrative AssistantStenorgrapher

DirectorAssistant DirectorMechanization Special is t


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TRAINING DEPARTMENTMr. D.K. AwuteMr. K. ContehMr. O. MafolasireMr. T. ColeMr. A. l"IaigaMr. J . NketsiahMr. T. SeddohMr. C. MorrisonPOCUMENTATION D I V I S ~ O E Mr. B. GuindoMiss I . CafuirMiss S. de LimaMr. E. NeblettCOMMUNICATIONS DIVISIOEMr. G. BoccaraMrs. T. MartinMr. T. Asongwed:r.lr. W. GodclerisMrs. A. Fahnbulleh

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Director, TrainingHead, Training CenterAnglophone TrainerPathologist TrainerFrancophone TrainerInterpreter/TranslatorInterpreter/TranslatorAdministrative AssistantAccountant

Acting Head/Senior IndexerLibrarianLibrarianPhotographerTranslator and HeadTranslatorTranslatorFrench TeacherBilingual Secretary


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-19-RESEARCH PROGRANiYlE

The WARDA Research Programme has nov{ entered i t ssixth year with emphasis on integrated approach.Activi t ies have been concentrated on the strengthening ofresearch management team, coordinated t r ia l s and specialresearch p ~ o j e c t s , and national capacit ies .~ B . Y . ~ __t 1 E , , , ~ P C H _ B E V I E l t ! i E ~ l ' J I L Q The f i f th research review meeting of WARDA was held inhonrovia in May 1978. Fifty three delegates from the Members tates , Donor countries and lnst i tut ions part icipated.

At the meeting the WARDA research resul ts and nationalreports were presented.IN H O q . . . . ~ _ R E V g W 12:18

The Research Department held i t s f i r s t In-House Reviewa t Richard-Toll between J"uly 24-2'7, 1978. Twenty-threeResearch Scientists attended the review: five from Headquarters, four Sub-regional Coordinators and fourteen Research&cientist from Special ProJects.

The important recommendations made during the revieware detailed below:1. I t was agreed tha t reciprocal visi ts of the Assistant

Research Coordinator to Special Projects and ProjectLeaders to Headquarters should be arranged a t regularintervals.

2. I t was agreed tha t evolution towards greater administrat i ve autonomy should be encouraged in the administrationof the Special Projects.

3. I t was agreed tha t in view of the fac t that Guineahas become a member of WMlDA, an addit ional coordinatorshould be recruited to handle coordination in Liberia,Sierra Leone and Guinea. I t was then suggested tha t inview of the heavy presence of WPRDA in the formertwo countries and the fact tha t Guinea was l ike ly torequire greater attention early in i t s membership thenew Sub-Regional Coordinator be based in the Republicof Guinea. The Scientif ic and T e c r u ~ i c a l Committee hasalready approved th is proposal.


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-20 -4. The position of the Special Research Project a t Bouake

was discussed with a view of finding ",rays ofstrengthening the project (physically and f inancial ly) .

5. On the question of the "Relationship of ResearchDepartment activi ty with other WARDA Activi t ies U , itwas agreed that act iv i t ies of the Research Departmentshould extend to on-farm tes t ing of superior var iet ies ;operatinnal t r i a l s aimed a t identifying packages orpract ices and small-scale seed multiplication by theprojects and sub-regional centres.

6. On the question of national 'research programmes, itwas discovered tha t the Richard-Toll project was takingmore of national rather than regional focus. Thepr ior i t ies se t by WARDA were not being s t r ic t lyfollowed. The matter of pr ior i t ies in the Richard-Toll/Fanaye Project has been discussed a t the Scient i f icand Technical Committee Meeting.

7. On the question of Technology Transfer, it was agreedthat the sequence of events to be followed shouldbasical ly be:

identif icatbn of problems;provision of solutions and pre-extension test ing ofsolutions of farmers' f ie ld by special projects;small scale t r i a l s in a l l member countries with therelevant ecology; andthe actual t ransfer of the technology to the farmon a national scale to be done by the nationalextension services with par t ic ipat ion of theSub-regional Coordinators and/or the extensions taf f of the specinl projects .8. I t was also agreed that 1 Agronomist/Extension

Officer be appOinted for each special project , wherethey did not already exis t .


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- 2 l ~ 9. Qu ~ h e question of integration of act iv i t ies , the

following suggestions on the manner of integrationwere advocated:

integration a t the discipl ine level;regular vis i t s and backstopping by Headquartersste.ff ,to special projects and national programmes;a : n , ~ 1 1 l [ 1 1 in-house reviews where programmes arediscussed' and adopted;exchange o'f vis i t s by the project leaders andscient is ts ;vis i t s of project s taf f and sub-regional s taf f tonational projects;contributions through supervision of the coordinatedt r i a l s ; the breeders, espeCially, should endeavourto study the performance of the materi,a ls in thatt r i a l s ;screening of materials, herbicides and insecticEsbefore 'advancing to the coordinated t r i a l s .

TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY IN RICE PRODUCTION IN WEST AFRICAUBREGION AND THE v l A ! i D U & R K ' p H Q f . ~ I = N .........=IG=E=R=I=A---.___At the 1976 Research Review Meeting, it was recognized

that the transfer of resul t and findings to farmers for the i ruse should get increased emphasis in the WARDA researchprogramme. Thus one of the special research projects , namelyRokupr i s now conducting t r i a l s on farmers field in SierraLeone and endeavouring to bring about the use of two wheeledt rac tors in Mangrove swamps CUltivation apart from varietyand fe r t i l izer testing in farmers f ie lds . Such effor ts areto be extended to Guinea Bissau and The Gambia shortly.Preliminary work has been star ted by the Extension Assistantsin the Mopti Project by invo'lving deep water and fioatingr ice farmers in bet ter cul tura l practices a:nd the use ofimproved variet ies . The Sub-regional programmes nowinclude on-farm testing of resul ts obtained from thecoordinated t r i a l s on a l imited scale in member statesas an incentive towards establishing large-scale miniklt t r i a l s


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-22-that would accelerate the i r establishment in member s tates .Several rice var ie t ies which have gone through the WARDAcoordinated t r i a l s programme are now being grown a t theseed multiplication stage in certain member s tates .

The WARDA workshop in Nigeria was held from September23 to October 1, and attended by n ~ n e delegates frommember countries, twelve WARDA s taf f from Headquartersand special projects , and one IITA Rokupr Outreach Staff .About 30 scient is ts from the Nigerian programme part icipatedthrough out the seminar.

The Workshop was "opened by the Nilitary Administrator ofOyo s tate of Nigeria, Colonel Paul Tarfa.

At the technical. sessions, four papers were presented.two from NCRI, one from irfARDA and one from IITA, on thetheme of technology transfer . The topics of the paperswere:

a) IlThe Race Towards Green Revolution for Ricein Nigeria: Is the Technology Available?i1by S.O. Fagade, National Cereals "ResearchIns t i tu te , Moor Plantat ion, Ibadan.

b) liThe Nigerian Experience in Transfer of RiceTechnology and i t s Impacts /by A. Akinsola, National Cereals ResearchIns t i tu te , hoor Plantat ion, Ibadan.

c) liThe Role oi" vlARDA in the Transfer of Technologyi1by B.A.C. Enyi, West Africa Rice DevelopmentAssociation, Monrovia.

d) iiRice Based Cropping Systems in vlest Africa"by I.C. Mahapatra and D. Nahaparatra, UNDP/FAO/IITASierra Leone Rice Project Rice Research Stat ion,Rokupr.

During the field tours, vis i t s were made to the PlantQuarantine Centre, Ins t i tu te of Agricultural Research andTraining, IITA, the Shonga r ice schemes, the Badeggi RiceResearch Station, the Edogbigbe Rice scheme near Badeggiand f inal ly the Kadawa Irr igation scheme near Kano.


26/92

I No.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.

10.11.12.

--23-

COORDINATED TRIALS- .During the dry season of 1976-77 and the main season of

1977, 115 eordinated t r ia ls were eonducted in 38 locations inthe member countries.TRIAL RESUVJ:SOff-Sensonyar ie ty T r i ~ 1 ~ . 1 9 7 6 - 7 7 A. S h o ~ t duration

The 1976-77 short duration Off-Sea son t r i a l was conducteda t 8 locations in eight countries. The t r ia l was well conducteda t each place and results were good. The performance of commonvariet ies in the t r i a l are slliilluarized below:

. .. --'- ......__ --..--No of Range Avera Life . Aver- Per dD-YVariety Loca- in go Ha- Cycle ge in yield int ions .Rank nk in d a ~ e t /ha kg/haIR630-27 3 1-3 2.33 127 5.99 47.2Thin Thio Way 5 4-13 I 8.40 122 5.26 \ 43.1NTU 770-7-2 6 2-8 4.83 124 5.14 41.5KWDl1g She Sung 4 2-12 7.00 t 117 4.49 38.44427 6 1-7 4.00 t 122 4.47 36.6Hong Sun 5 1-11 6 .20 112 4.17 37.2IR30 7 1-13 7.14 118 4.11 }4.8IR923-450-1 8 3-12 7.75 117 4.05 34.6Kn-lh-351-1-8-6 5 4-11 7.80 124 3.90 31.5,lET 1996 7 I 3-10 7 ..00 123 3.83 1 31.1IR 747B2-6-3 2 4-13 8.5 105 3.57 34.0tR28 5 3-11 6.8 118 3.47 29.4IH 630-27 occupied th e top position but Thin Thio \'lay Hnd NTU 770-2 also :'Showed very good performance. The yield of NillU 770-7-2 was

found to increase shcrply as the environment or management fact orsimproved.


27/92

No.

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.

10.11.12.13.14.

-24-

B. ~ . ' 1 G d i w n DurationThe 1976-77 medium duration Off-season t r i a l was conducted

a t six locations in six countries. Good resul ts were obtained a teach location ruld yields wore sat isfactory. Porformance of thecomnon var ie t ies of the t r i a l are shown below:

No of Range Aver- Life Aver-- Per dayVariety Loca- in age cycle age yieldtions RenIc Rrulk in yield in lrg/hadays in t/haIIU529-680-3 5 1-12 5.60 139 6.05 4.3.5IR790-28-6 6 3-6 3.83 140 5.76 41.4Vijaya G 4-11 6.50 144 5.76 40.0IR2053--205-2 4 6.12 9.00 139 5.30 38.1IR1529-677 5 1-14 7.16 135 5.27 39.0lET 2885 3 2-9 5.00 135 5.00 37.0111269-26-3-3-3 5 2-13 6.80 139 5.00 36.)IR937-55--3 5 2-11 7.60 140 4.93 35.2IR20 6 2-13 8.50 136 4.'79 35.24418 3 3-11 6.00 141 4.21 29.92526 2 5-7 6.00 134 3.97 29.6IR1416-131-5 6 6.50 6.50 139 3.58 25.84456 1 8 141 6.65 47. 2 ~ * LAC 23 1 14 148 2.43 16. 4

~ : For Contubocl only.

IH1529-680-3 showed i t s superiority in yield while IH790-28-6 sonce agains s h o ~ promise.


28/92

o.

1.2.2.4.5.6.7.

-25-

U p l a n d L . ~ g . J . p . . f . . ~ j . _ V a r i . . . e _ tx_TEials:....=..Qdn Season 1mA. Short Duration~ - - . - .. ~ . . . - . . . . . . . . . -Fourteen var ie t ies were nominated for the upland short

duration t r i a l of 1977. Some t e s t locations used somo stE'nd2rdcheck variet ies.t a l l variet ies.

The t r i a l included semi-dl,"JUrf semi- tal l andThe new entr ies in 1977 were:

B 459b-Pn-4-5-6-5IR 30IR 2053-205-2BR 51-53-54367B 459b-Pn-4-5-7-5In 1480-11G-3-3

Tho upland short duration t r i a l of 1977 was conducted a t tens i tes in ten countries. In Senegal, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, 1:8.1i c:ndUpper Volta, ei ther drought direct ly affected tho t r i a l or lowrelat ive hurnidity with high temperature caused severe grain s te r i l i ty .There was no nut ra l calamity in other countr ies. The perform811ce ofnominated var ie t ies and some standard check variet ies are sV.nuuarizcdbelow:

Ve.rietyDour2.do PrecoceBR 51-53-5I Kong Pao (Check)Tongil 917IRAT 10IR 304367

No oflocat ions

222733

RangeinRank1-11-52-23-111-33-106-8

vor - Life ~ " i n Per dayace cycle in Yield. yield inr21lk days in tiln kg/ha. - ~ ~ - ~ - ~.00 112 I 4.48 . 40.4

3.00 117 f 3.80 32.52.00 108 . 3.72 I 34.47.00 118 3.39 28.71.60 106 3.20 30.26.00 112 2.92 26.17.00 123 2.77 22.5


29/92

-26-

1--' ,---,.------_.No of fmngG Avor 1 i f ~ Grain Por dayNo.8.9.

10.11.12.13.14.15.16.

Variety loco.- in n (,)",,,:) cycle yield yield in. ..CIt ions Rank ranlc in dews in tilT. kg/ha". - -SE 314g 7 1-9 3.00 i06 2.68 25.3B45 9b-Pb-4-56-5 2 5-13 9.00 l i3 2.68 23.7BR 44-11-1 4 4-11 6.00 120 2.41 t 20.1BIt 34-11-2 6 2-8 t 3.83 117 2.29 19.6 IB459b-Pn-4-5-7-5 2 8-14 11.00 121 2.26 i 18.71H2053-205-2 4 3-7 4.50 125 2.17 I 17.411480-116-3-3 6 3-12 6.50 114 1.89 16.61R1704-13-3-2 3 10-15 12.33 119 1.62 13.61P.747B2-6-3 1 9 "'"." 113 2.02 17.9

..

) ~ Y i c 1 d s l oss than 1 t /ha were not cnnsidercd.Undor drought conditions, Dourado Precoc c and 1RAT 10 V/t)J:'e

found to be the bet ter var ie t ies . I Kong Pao and SE 314 G alsoproved themselvos to be outstanding among the var ie t ies . Amon c; th enewly nominated var ie t ies Bn 51-53-5 crune out as a very promisingvariety.

B. r.:ediul".'l D u r a t i o n ~ .-.-....-.-...--.......--............Thirtoen var ie t ies were nomina ted for the upland mcdiwi1

duration t r i a l of 1977 onc1 most locat ions used local check vnrie t iosThe t r i a l includ ed semi-uwar f sOlni-tal l and t n11 variet ies . Tonnew. entries in 1977 w e r o ~ IR2035-108-2

1Ii:2Q35-104-21H937-55-34455IET2885BR51-331-444181R2035-250-3


30/92

-2'7-

Tho uplcmd mecliu;l1 duration variety tr ic. ls vms conducted a tnine locat ions in eight countr ies. At one location the t r i a l wasdevided into "tI,.io experiments. One country h2.d tvvo locat ions. Ingeneral the resul t s were good th is year. The pcrform811cc of thenominated entries are sUlilElarized in the follo \"ling table:

Vnriety *1 r -No o f ' RD.nge, oca- in ; ~ r ' ~ r Lifo . Grain Per dp-y Iycle yiold yield inin tilT'. kgiha1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.

10.11.12.13.

-----......IRAT 94418IFJ',\,T 13lR2035-108-2lET 2885lR1529-680-3IR2035-104-2lH2035-250-3lR2035-250-3lR937-55-34455BR51-331-4TOS 2581

i ~ '

t ions rank8 1-148 1-59 2-108 1-97 2-68 2-134 6-135 4-125 4-127 3-137 3-146 I 2-142 8-12

r 8 n : ~ _ 5.50 I2.62

in d2.y,3112124

4.124.575.509.257.607.607.858.71

110.8310.00 _L

112126132130131135135131130132140

2.602.592. L ~ 9 2.482.402.302.292.23 :2.232.081.771.611.40.

YiGlds Ie ss than 1 t/hc. '.'Tore not considered.

23.220.022.219.718.217.717.516.5 fI5..Lu. I16.013.612.210.0

This year? s reSL"l t s elonrly show that under drought conditionIRAT 9 e.nd lHAT 13 are beot suited and giv8 reasonably good yieldswhile under wet conditions 4418 7 lR2035-108-2 end lET 2885 are bettesuited and produce higher yields. Thus re.infal l i s a major determinant in the sui tabi l i ty of a vc.riety.


31/92

-28-

r r r i g . ~ g . ~ y ~ a r i e ty T ~ . ~ __ .... I';aj.n Season 1977A. Short Duration

- II'

Fourteen var ie t ies \'lcre nordnated for the i r r igated shortduration t r i a l of 1977. Out of t h 8 s e ~ eight were new var ie t ies . Athe locations tested most of the variet ies and most of the s i tesincluded standard check var ie t ies . The new entries in 1977 w e r e ~

BH51-118-24448BE51-319-9I l ~ 2 0 5 3 - 3 7 5 - l - 1 - 5 B(;'l,toeiarR2-53-24l-3-2-3rfL2035-250-3BIU4-13-5

The i r r igated short duration t r i a l of the :'lain Season of 1977was conducted a t eighteen locat ions in a l l the momber countries.Results were good in general and most of the locat ions showed highyields. Several new entries came into prominence. The performarlc8the nomine-ted var ie t ies arc sumrnarized in the following t a b l e ~

- - I o. Ofl - -Range J Aver t lrife Grain J Per day loca- . in age t cycle yield yic;.:d inety I t ions I ank frank; in in kg/haays t /ha. -No. VD.ri- - - I - - - ~ 1. Bl151-118-2 14 1-13 2.6 133 5.78 43.5, 14 1-10 3.6 133 5.57 41.9

-319-9 12 1-10 4.8 131 5.15 39.353- 3 7 5 - 1 - 1 ~ 5 ! 11 1-12 6.5 128 4.84 37.8i0-27 14 2-11 6.9 129 4.84 37.5I1996 11 1-11 6.5 131 4.74 36.2

2. 4-4483. BR514. r11205. rE636. E ~ T

gia 13 3-14 .8.3 142 4.67 32.9770-7-2 7 4-14 9.4 122 I 4.49 36.8,7. Baha8. NTU


32/92

-29-

.. - .- .- - "- .- .- .. - --- :iJo. of I Range AverNo. Variety loca- I in a (; ei n 9 34-450-i ____:_:_n_8_1t-' ~ : ~ ~ - l - : ~ ~ : ~ l

10. IR2053-241-3-2-5 t 14 2-14 I 9.611. ITI2035-250-3 t 9 4-14 t 8.612. BR34-13-5 Jjl123 7-13 I 9.613. Kwa.'1.g She Sung 1-14 9.9 I :

__ J.. IR28 13 1 1 0 ' ~ 1 5 . _ ~ : ~

~ Life Grain Per d a ~ Icycle , yield yield\: in in in

days t /ha kg/ha! 117 t 4.37 37.435 t 4.32 32.0

138 f 4.28 31.0117 4.25 26.3113 4.13 36.5118 3.83 32.5

r::any new entries showed excellent perfornance and demonstrated;uperiority over older variet ie s. BR5l-118-2 end 4448 showed very

outstanding porformance. BH51-118-2 part icularly produced top yieldsunder many different conditions. I ts super yielding a b i l i t y ~ ta l le rplant type and disease resistance are l ikely to make it very popular.4448 appears to be a tough " variety for a l l kinds of conditions a s welI t should find i t s place in fanners v f ie lds in the very near future .The other most promising variety, B B 5 ~ - 3 1 9 - 9 deserves further observat ion.B. Hedi'L!!P Duration

Fifteen var ie t ies vvere nominated for i r r i cated medium durationt r ia l , out of which seven variet ies were repeated from the previous yeThe new entries are l is ted below :

D n 5 1 - 6 BW196Bli 52-8-A lImprove d i':Iahsuri

r1.ahsuriI H2068-65-3In 32Huallaga

The i r r igated medium c t ion t r i a l of 1977 was conducted a t 19locat ions in a l l the mer.lber countries. The resul ts in general v110re gooand yiel ds were high a t most of the locat ions. The perfOrm21lCC ofthe COIIl!"TIOn var ie t ies i s sUiIL.larized in the following table ::


33/92

No. Variety

-30-

No oflocationsRangeinrEmk

Averageronk____________ --.0 _ ______1. IR790-28-62. lR1416-131-53. lET 28854. BR51-49-65. BW 1966. IR1529-6BO-37. BR52-B-l8. IR329. Improved Mahsuri

10. IR1529-67711. IR2068-65-312. IR 2013. I,[ahsuri14. 445615 Hual1aga

917

617171917181B181619181717

1-14 6.22-1 4 5.21-13 6.01-13 7.11-11 6.01-15 8.13-12 6.92-15 7.31-14 6.91-15 9.11-15 9.93-16 8.61-15 8.61-15 9.65.15 10.5

Lifo Graincycle yieldin indays t /hu137 5.58135 5.24141 5.15139 5.12139 4.92128 4.79133 4.77145 4.76137 4.71131 4.70134 4.59133 4.58139 4. 49127 4.35131 4.33

Per dayieldkg/ha40.738.836.536.835.437.435.933.334.435.934.334.432.334.333.1

IR790-28-6 came out as the best yielding variety. This conformi t s excol1ent pcrform2nce l as t year. lR1416-131-5 which occupiedsixth position las t year becnm2 tho second b(3st yi 91der this year. lE2885 also m ~ d n t a i n e d i t s superiority. Two new variet ies, BR51-49-6 enBW 196 out-yielded the s t ~ d variety lR1529-680-3. The superiorperformonce of I R 7 9 0 - 2 8 ~ ~ 6 Lmd lET 2885 for "bNO years clearly points outheir potontia1 of becoming commercial variet ies in the rce:ion.


34/92

-31-

~ a n K : r : . 0 . . Y . ? _ P ~ ~ V a r i e t ' y _ . ~ j . .. - I1nin Season 1977A. r,:iedium duration.

Fourteen medium dur2tion variet ies p mention ed b e l o werenominated for Inmlgrovc SV1[l,mp and de ep flooded conditions. Triglre sul ts for mangrove swe.mp e.11d deep flooded conditions nrc p howeverpresented s eparately in accordance vrith a decision tak en a t the las tResearch flevicw r;Teoting. Some arc; adaptab18 to problem s o i l s ~ whil esome have elongation abi l i ty under flooded conditions.

AXBG 7.3C.J.5.2B.O:C 5G2::.1oir'Jm Kolrumn n g o

Improved LTahsuriIR2071-621-2IR20 3 5 ~ 1 2 0 - 3IR285141-3B45 ,3-b-49-4-2-3BNN 63231112071-105-7

The mongrove swamp medium duration variety t r i a l was conducteda t Holrupr Sierra Loone 2Jlc1 Cab aXa.l1qu 0 Guinea Bi ssau.

Rice s eedlings wore transplant ed a t Rolrupr in July and a tCaboxenquo in September. Tho var ie t ies c t Rokupr took longer to matuthen those a t Caboxanque. However? the gra in yiolds of a l l the n0minatod variet ios a t the le.t t e r s i te wer e higher than a t the forrllcr s i teI t seemod that thc growing conditions a t CabOX2!lquo were bottor th8.11thosc a t TIokupr


35/92

-32-Performance of the vRrie t ies i s presented in the table below:

-.- . .. ,-- _- No. of Aver- Av cr - R811ge Aver-No. Variety s i t os 8.gc ago in agel i fo ,rield rnnk renkoycl0 1 /hc_)dcys-- .- .. ... .~ - -1.

2.3.4.5.6.7.8.90

10.11.12.13.14.

HOK 5 2 135 4.83 1-2 1.5C.13.Fl 2 135 4. 80 1-2 1.5D52-37 2 137 4.50 3 3.0AXBG 7.3 2 13 4 4 .15 5-7 6.0l ~ a n g e 2 2 135 4.05 5-10 7.5IR2851-41-3 2 138 3093 8-9 8.5IR2035-120-3 2 137 3.73 4-12 8.0B453b-49-4-2-3 I 2 139 3.G4 9.1 2 10.5Improved r1ahsuri 2 142 3.60 6-13 9.5C.J.5.2 1 128 3.34 15 I -Il12071-105-2 2 139 3.18 11-13 f 12.0

IH2071-105-7 2 139 3.09 11-14 12.0j BIm 6323 2 140 2.97 11-1 4 12.5Grunbialca Kokum 1 148 2.94 7 -.

Exc ept C.J .5 .2. 811d .Gcmbia.ka Kolrum a l l th e other 72.riotioswere to s t od a t the tVIJO loco. tiOllS.

..

Here 5 gave the highs s t yi eld ('1-083 t /h e_ ) nnll shovvod very goodaverc:ZG r-Dl1k (1.5) . C.13.Fl. also showed simil 2.r yield potenti21(4.80 t /ha) and average rM k (1.5). The two varie t ies took 135 de.ysto maturo. D52-37 and 1 0 ' ~ B G . 7 . 3 wero th e third rnd fourth to yieldingvari ot ies respectively.

In 1976 nlso th e above four vnri e t ies ~ x h i b i t e d hie:h yieldabi l i ty . In the 1975 t r i ~ l ~ ROK 5 gave tho second best yield (3.53t/hFror .1 tho r esul t s of the thr ee y e a r s ~ i t seems nOK 5 has highyield potentia l .


36/92

-33-

li'ourtoon v a r i c t i o s ~ l is tc;d be low were nominntc,;d fo r bothmangrove swa..'1lP and de ep floodod condi t ions . 801);,0 of the varie t i e sarc Imovvn to have sa l t to l erance some nrc aclaptnblo to problom so iand othe rs have elonGatinG a b i l i t i e s .

1. FARO 14 8. CISSI 252. AA8A r, No.chin }_l;J .3. GC 23 10. Improved Eahsuri4. BL!}-E 11. rc.hsuri5. nEt") 12. Brr i s2 i lc-6. m,16 13. P8.jE'.r ll I I7. Fhar Com En 1'+ . Pulot ; ' :alaysiaThe: m a n g r o v ~ swc.mp long durn t ion var ie ty t r ia l was conducte d.

only a t R o k u p r ~ Sier ra Leol1o.I>:c.hsur i , tho new int roduced var ie ty gr ;.VG the high8 s t Grn in

yie ld (3.41 t / ha ) . The oth er promising va r ie t i e s nre BL4-E (3.33 t/DK16 (3 . 31 t /ha) ruJ.d N[',chin 11 (3 . 27 t / ha ) .DeQ.E. Flooded Varie t y T r i ~ l . ~ - . 1 ! 8 , i n Sea son 1977A. mocliUl,l Dur:J.t i on

Both m8l1grove SW[:1.1P and clcep-flood c c.1 iuedilJl:1 durat ion varietyt r i a l s had tho same nomino..tcd v a r i c t i c s ~ l i s t ed ea r l i e r .

The deep-f looded Ailodium durat ion variot;;r t r i a l was conducteda t Sapu in the Gnmbia D..iJ.d :C,op t i in flla l i . At S a p u $ ~ t h ( j t r i n l wasnover U::.().d;)rd00p floodod condi t ions but more l ike under i r r iga tedcondi t ions . Also a t L.opti, thc) var i e t i e s suff()!'cd from water s t r C : ~ B sHow ever , a t the two l o c a t i o n s ~ the new int roduced varietY9 Improvedr1ahsur i , showed promisil1{S y i e lds.


37/92

-34-

B. I J o . ; : : ~ .DurationBoth mangrove SvVDnp 8lld deep f looded long durat ion var ie ty

t r i a l s had the same n o m i n E t t ~ : l ~ var ie t i e s .The deep f looded long dur8.t ion var ie ty t r i a l s was conductod

a t Ss.pu (The Gambia) L'opti (r.r:.li) and Gbomsrunba (Siorra Leone).At Sapu tho t r i a l wo.s never under deep f looded condit ions

but was more l ike irrigQto(l:; n t l \ ~ o p t i ~ the vc.tr ieties sufferoel fromw a t c ~ r s t ress? drought ['nd lCLClf ro l l e r insec t at tack? while ELtGbomsc_ ba delQyed harves t ing caused profused shc"'..ttering of grcdnsof most var i e t i e s . H o w e v c r ~ tho new introcluc od var i e t i e s l ikeBr i sa i l (7 .7 t /ha) and Pulo t I'Ialyasia (6.76 t /hn) a t Sapu (TheGambia) and Eahsur i (1.9 t /ha) a t IiIopti (Mali) showed some promise.

Vari..,ty Tri,8;,ls under doo'pwc:ter (Floatinp-) Condit ionsThe t r i a l was conducted a t r. Iopti U ~ a l i ) . r.:ost of the:

va r ie t i e s vvoro [l,lready proven as pron-lising f loa t ing r ice va r i8 t i e sin the region. The va r ie t i e s nominated w c r e ~

1. Cula 9. Inclochino Blanc2. Kl.'lc..o Gaow 10. Indo chine 703. : : ~ c l i Sawn 11. Puang N9Gern 16-60-51-0" .-, ... . 12. ILlSt.r i . f. .J. ong5. Ealobudian 13. C746. :NEll1g Kiew 14. BH27. Nerulg Kheaw 5 15. ma68. FRRS 43/3 16. nSF 11


38/92

-35.-

lHangrove swamp long dl'.rc..tion var ie ty t r i a l w.as conductedonly a t !1()lrupr, Sier ra JJeone.

J.1:iahsuri the now introdiJ.ced var ie ty gave the highes t grainyie ld (3.41 t / ha ) . The othe r promising v a r i e t i e s arc BL4-E (3.33 t /hDK16 (3.31 t / ha ) and ~ N a c h i n 11 (3.27 t / h a ) .

Doep Flooded V a r i e ~ Trip)s - Iiiain Season 1977

Both mangrove swamp and deep-flooded medium durat ion var ie tyt r i a l s had the same nor.linatocl va r ie t i e s l i s t ed o a r l i e r .The deep-f looded medium durp. tion var ie ty t r i a l was conducted

a t Sapu in the Gambia end T. '.:op t i in f:1al i . At S a p u ~ the t r i a l was neveunder deep-f looded condi t ions bu t more l ike illlder i r r i ga t ed condit ionAlso a t L ~ o p t i , the v a r i e t i e s su f fe rcd from water s t re s s . H o w e v e r ~ a tthe two loca t ions g tho now in t roduced var ie tYj Improved Mahsuri ,showed promising y i e l ds .

B. Lonp.; .DurationBoth mangrove swurnp and deep f looded lonG durat ion var ie ty

t r i a l s had tho sarne nomincted var ic . t ies .The deep f looded long durat ion var ie ty t r i a l s was conducted a t

Sapu (The Ge.,mbia) g I',lopti Ulcl i) and Gbomsamba ( S i e r r f ' ~ Leone).As Sapu tho t r i a l was nover under deep f looded condit ions but

WEtS more l i ke i r r i g a t e c 1 ~ a t ~ o p t i , th u vo. r ie t ics suffered from waters t re s s , drought und l e a f r o l l o r i n sec t a t t ack , while a t Gbomsambadelayed harves t ing caused profused shat ter inG of gra ins of most va r i e


39/92

-36-

Howeve:::'., l new introduced var i e t i e s l ike Br i sa i l (7.7 t /ha) andPulot t':.dl.


40/92

-37-

. - - - - - ~ , - - - - - - - - - ~ - - - - ~ - - - - - -Medilllll Zone I Doeper Zonepper Zone(Wa to r (leptJ1 O. 80m) (Water depth 0.80m 1.30m) (Wator depth 1.30m;- - -.. . ~ - . " - - - ~ ~ - - + - - - - - ~ - - : : - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - ~ - - - - f

. ( t /ha) ( t /ha) Variety Yield( t /ha)i c . ~ Y 1 Yield Variety Yiold- - - - - ~ ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - _ + - - - - ~ 1. DnG 2.73 1. Ie16 2.49

2 BH2 2 58 2 DIva6 2 383. C74 2.544. Cul'..5. KhaoGaew

1.70

1.66

3 IndochineBlene4. Indochinc

2.32

70 2.235 Puang N' Gern17-60-51-Cf 2.23

1.2.3.

Indochineilgl0bacUarlL ~ a l i Savm

4. ])1'116

5. PEltS43/3

2.222.192.082.03

1.95

In general , yields a t tho upper zone were higher than thoSE:: a tmedium end deeper zones.

nUG gave tho highest yiolcl a t both upper ['nd medium zones swhile Dr,n6 2nd Indochina 70 l: lain tainod abo.ut the same yield [ ' ~ t bothmediura and deeper zones.

In general? var ie ta l performance was bot ter in 1976 th811 in 1977


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I N I T I A 1 ~ E \ . r A ~ ~ U A T I O N TEST (I:CT); ~ . rui t i a l Evaluct ion Test (lET) has beon organized and con-

c 1 1 . ~ c l ; , . 8 IKLy' t of the WARDA Coordinated Tr ia l s . The purposo of th i st G ~ ~ t :;.3 to provide 8 l i o breoding l ine s mld va r ie t i e s of diverseg O i ~ ' : t : _ : ; m c ~ k 1;1.p to the sc ien t i s t s of the member countr ies and toeV i::l l.\' ';-L :jU ~ p e r f o r m e n c ( ~ under var ied ecologica l condi t ions . lETprdlv:iJLus Q continuous flov! of mater ia l s of recent or ig in . This giveschance to the sc ien t i s t s to se loc t materia ls adapted to t he i r condi-t ions fo r nat iona l breeding programrnes. Promising m[,,,terials from lETare advanced to the WARDA coordinated var ie ty t r i a l s .Composition of the t e s t

The t e s t vvas C01i.lposec1 of 400 en t r i e s or ig ina t ing from IPJU andvarious nat iona l and in te rna t iona l rico improv::10nt programmes. Somoent r ies were taken froEl IEONN76. The or ig ina l source s of tho met t o r i a lBre shown bolow:

Sourco Nuraber of en t r i e s- ~ --- .Bffilgladcsh 54CIAT 24IITA 8India 30Indonesia 20IEAT 11IruLl 139Eoor Plantat ion (:;:ageria) 7Hokupr (S ie r ra Leolle) 20Senego.l 10Sr i Lonka 9Suakoko (Liber ia) 5Thailend 29Others 34

Tota l 400The t e s t materia ls were sent to s ixteen loca t ions .


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Entries were suggested to be planted in 2 to 3 rows of 5meters oach or 5 to 6 rows of 3 meters oach. Standard fer t i l izorrates end spacing wore rcconuuondod. Application of insecticideswas to minimized.Data Collectionr __

Information was requested on f inal plent height, 50%flowering duration, number of prulicles per h i l l , nwnber of h i l l sharvested, grain yield, blas t reaction, leaf-scald reo.ction, brovmleaf spot reaction, dead und white h e ~ d s and other insects and so i lproblems.Results

The rET was conducted under upland cOl1di t ions a t I ITN"Nyankpala, Bouake, F n r a k o b ~ and Sapu.

Under i r r igated condition, the tes t was conducted a t Budcggi,Gagnoa, Suakoko, Sua,koko (SNF) , Libore, kogoni, Sapu and Fdchard TollThe SUnlli1ary results arc presented below:Number oflocation

12Number of~ n t r i e s 400(250 from IRON-76and res t fromWARDA Hq)

Entries selectedi j _.upitild.4450, FAR08, Fahsuri , IR2035-108-2Juma 1, ITI2053-442-1-2-3, lET 3226,B49, Toheng Fung, SE319G, Tally, PursuIrr igated;lET 2911, lET 1785 lET 3226, H-5,BR52-51, B 4 5 3 - 4 9 - ~ 3 , ITI2061-22-8-3-9,IH2071-P339-2, IR2042-178-l, IR2798-l4IR2053-205-l-6-3 IR2071-621-2-2 l IR206151-4, IR1544-57-l-l, IR2798-10U-3,IR1544-38-2-2

* Not s t r ic t ly upland but a mixture of d r y l n n d ~ hydromorphic andswamp.


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Several other s t ra in s e . c . BR51-1lB-2, ROra, BR51-319-9. 4448,BRN 6323 s ADNY 3, lET 1996 p BV! 196, which VIera idcmti f ied as verypromising a rc al ready being t es t ed in the coorilinated ve.ricty t r i a l s .

Thc se lec t ions were made on the bas i s of average performru1cewhile each part iCipat ing s ta t ion was able to se l ec t promising l ine sbased on the i r performru1ce under tha t ecology.

S t r e n R ~ h e n i n the I n i t i a l pyq l ua t i on T o s t ~ The screening of a rvido r2Jlge o f germplaSj',l under the vE'.r iousagro-clim;.l t ic condi t ions of the region has progrc ssed considerably.

The followinC-;; s ign i f i can t s tops have been talwl1 in th i s regard .i ) The establ ishment of 5 ha nursery farm a t SUD..l;.:oko

Liberia with fu l l i r r iga t ion f ac i l i t i e s and Ql abora tory . About 3,000 l ine s arc groVlm annual lyfo r prel iminary observat ion and seed mul t ip l i ca t ion

ii Improving tho seed service fac i l i t ius a t the soodstorage cen r'(}.i i i ) Ident i fy ing 14 nat iona l s t a t ions with a l l the

representat ive agro-ocological condi t ions forvar ie ty screening, icproving the research f a c i l i t i e sa t such s ta t ions Errld trEl.ining ne.t ional sc ien t i s t s whoshould participD.te in the screening.

iv ) Appointing a breedor to be in charge of the var ie tyin t roduct ion and f ie ld s c r e c n i n g ~ recent ly a Pathologis twas appOinted to par t ic ipa te in tho screening 8.l1J.quara11.tine aspec t s among othe r rospons ib i l i t i c s . AnotherBreeder froE1 IITA was added to the WARDA progrrun toprovide l ia ison between IITA and WARDA.

v) The cons t ruct ion of meditun term seed s torage f a c i l i t i e s .


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VARIETY ADAPTABILITY STUDIES..._--_ ................_..--- . - . ,.

Yield performance of var ie t i e s a t various locat ions have beonreported in ea r l i e r chapters . Ecological condit ions varied fromlocation to location and those affected the yie lds of var i e t i e s . Theobject of th i s study i s to exruninc the ways tha t di f ferent v ~ r i e t i G s in terac t viii th the dif fe ren t environments and to identify var ie t ieswi th wide e-daptabili ty tUlder varying environmental condit ions.

For each type of t r i a l c o n s i d e r e d ~ the rogression of thevarioty mec.ns on an environuontnl index provided. c s t i r m : ~ t e s of the(lesired adaptabil i ty par2.ll1oters. The model used was:

Y ,.,ij = ;'- i + b .J I .J + c .J.Jwhere Y . . i s tho mean of tho i th vc.riety a t tho j th environmcnt 9 !i"lii s a c o ~ ~ t a n t fo r the i th varietY9 b. i s the regression coeff ic ienttha t measures the respons.:: of tho itfr. varie ty to carying environmentI j i s the j th envirotnmh enta l index and 0tij i s the devif!.tion fromregression of the i varie ty a t tho j n e n ~ i r o m i 1 e n t .

Tho qUBnti t i e s used. [ ' ~ s environmental indices wer-e the 111e2.l1S ofa l l var ie t ies considered a t tho various common loca t ions . .An indoxindependent of the var ie t i e s and obtained from environmental fnctorssuch as r a i n f a l l ~ temperature, ruld so i l fe r t i l i t y would hnve boon morcdesirable ; howover, tho re la t ionsnip between the fnctors and yield islacking.

The phre.se t1stablo varietyil has often of on been applied to c;,varie ty t ha t yields the SC.llle over- a wide range of environments? tha ti s a varie ty vd th regression coeff ic ien t near to zono. This mef'.llSths.t a s table var ie ty performs re la t ive ly well under adverse condit ionbut not so wel l loss than average.


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What is desirod in this study, however g i s e. variety that does aboveaverage in a l l environments? tha t is a variety with a high mean yieldover a l l environments rogression ooeffioiont olose to or equal toone; or in lay t o r m s ~ a variety with superior i ty no matter what theenvironraental conditions.

1. I r r i z ~ t e d S h ? ~ Off Season 1 9 7 6 ~ l 7 (Fig.3)Seven var ie t i es fro m the i r r igated short duration t r i a l (off

soason 1976/77) were 8x[, Ill.inec1, lET 1996, IR934-450-1 8lld NTU 770-7-2had regrossion coofficionts greeter then 1.0 (1.057, 1.328 elld 1.240)respectivoly, and averace yields 3.83, 4.05 und 5.14 t /ha respectively,4427, IR20 IR30 and I f u ~ l h - 3 5 1 - 1 - 8 - 6 had regr8ssion co eff ic ionts 0.925 g0.674 g 0.869 and 0.828 respectively and averago yields 4 . 4 7 ~ 3.47,4.11 r u ~ d 3.90 rospectivelY.

4427 i s tho most adaptable 8J"TIong the soven var ie t ies 1'olloVJoc1by IR30. Although NTU 770-72 gnvc a high [werage yield and i sexpoctod to out yield both L ~ 4 2 7 ruld IH30 under very favourable environmental conditions g it i s rolat ively poor a t unfavourablo conditions.

In tho 1976 main S82,SOn s lET 1996 Vias shown to be well adapted.In this t r i a l g howovor g th e avorage yield was much lower thCUl in theprevious yOQr although the r ;;gression coeffic ient remained very closeto 1.0.

2. Irri.Katocl t ~ e d i u r n ~ 0:(:( .f1.oason 1976/77 (Fig /r):Cig:h t var ie t ies were eXl"'..l-:lincd from th is t r i a l . lH790-28':'6 s

IR1529-680-3 g Vijaya, 1111529-677, IH1416-131-5 g IR269-26-3-3-3 andlR937-55-3 had regression coeff icients 1.171, 1.362, 1.205, 1.076 s1.042, 1.271, 1.045 and average yiolds 5.76, 6.05 g 6.08, 4.86 g 4.685.00 and 4.93 t /ha respoctively. Only lR20 had regression coeff icientless than 1.0. I t gave average yield of 4.79 ruld regression coofficio110.848.


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IR790-28-6 is the best adapted. How8vcr IR20 would outyieldi t under oxtremely less favourable conditions, while IR1529-680-3would outyield it under extremely more favourubl0 conditions.

3. Rainfcd Short: main Season 1977 (Fig.1). . . ..,, . . .Tcn variet ies from th e; 1977 rain.ed short duration variety

t r ia ls wore examined. I n 1 7 0 4 - 1 3 - 3 ~ 2 , lfi.30 IH2053-205-2, B459B-PH-4-5-7-4, IH1480-116-3-3 o.ncl IRAT 10 had regression coefficients lossthan 1.0 (0.627, 0.922, 0.913, 0.761, 0.534 and 0.767 respectively)and average yields 1.14, 1 . 5 1 ~ 1 . 6 3 ~ 1.24, 1.39 and 2.29 respectively.SE 314G, BR34-11-2, B R 4 4 - 1 1 ~ 1 and 4367 had r :) cression coefficients1.377, 1.041, 1.033 and 1.129 had regression coefficients 1.377, 1.0411.033 and 1.129 and avercge yields 2.04, 2.00, 1.68 and 1.60 t /harespectivo1y.

lRAT 10 appears by far the most adaptable followed by BR34-11-2AI though SE 314G h..qd good average yield , i t also had a high regrossioncoefficient . Thus SE314G is a good yielder uncl8r f a v o u r ~ b l G environmental conditions but quite poor under unfavourablo conditions.

4. Rp.in:t:,cc1 I:e5!.ium:. Hain Season 1 9 T ~ (Fig.2)The study involvoc1 12 var iet ies . All the variet ies had regres

sion coefficients sl ightly cree-.ter the.n 1.0 except IRAT 13,4455 andBR51-331 .4. Varieties ,1-455 and BH51-331-4 also had rether 10\v averageyields . IRAT 13, 0.1 thoueh it had high average yield, had a low :r'ogression coefficion t (0.787). That iSi i t is cxpccterl to be outstandingunder unfavourable cnvironlllcmtal conditions but yield relativel;,r p o o r lunder favourp.b10 conditions. Howover, the rDnge of unfo.voure.ble condit ions a t which lRAT 13 is s u p o ~ i o r is narrow.

IR1529-680-3, IR1529-677-, IRAT 9. IH2035-108-2, I R 9 3 7 5 5 - 3 IR2035-104-2, lET 2885, 411-18 and IR2035-250-3 had regression coefficion1.306, 1.370, 1.127, 1 . 2 0 9 ~ 1.339, 1.222, 1.271, 1.271, and 1.198respectivaly and average yields 2.23, 2.07 j 2.30, 2.46, 1.91s 1.69,2.14, 1.43, 2.41 and 1.72 t/hn rospective1y.


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IR2035-108-2 1 4418 7 IP,.AT IR1529-680-3 and. lET 2885 seerllto bu more adaptable th8.n the others .

5. I r r igp,.ted Short : :..nin .Season 1977 (Fig 5)A ll the 1 4 conunon var i e t i e s nominated fo r the i r r iga ted

short durat ion t r i a l of 1977 main sue.son were inve s t iga ted (c . f .Chapter 5) . Except for I R 2 8 ~ KSS, BR34-13-5 and IR2053-241-3-2-3which gave low averaGe yie lds m1d except fo r IR2035-250-3 and NTU770-7-2 ,vhich had regress ion coef f ic ien t 0.619 end 0.506 r e spec t ivoly ,a l l other var i e t i e s showed f a i r uc e.ptabi l ity or Good adap tab i l i ty .

BR51-11S-2 and 4448 showed the grea tes t adap tabi l i ty \ ~ l i th BH51-118-2 doing ba t t e r und or hiGhly favourable ellvironmente.l condi t ionswhile the rcvorse i s t rue under extremely unfe.vourable concli t ions .Who. tGver the condi t ions hor:cver, th e so tvvo var i e t i e s do bot t er th311average. IR630-27 and lET 1996 are also fa i r ly adaptable but haveIm'.'er avera{;c yie lds than BR51-118-2 and 4448. They also always Cidbe t t e r then average no ;iUl t t c r whe.t the condi t ions . lET 1996 alsoshowed cood adap tab i l i ty in tho previous main sea son t r i a l .

0 . ~ C ; . o , teu. E l G d i u m ~ i":alil Season 1977 _ (Fig ()).All the 15 COH1110n n O.l1inat c) d var i eti os of the tri8.1 were

included in the study ( c . f . Chnptor 6). Except fo r IR2068-65-8 andHue.llaga which wero low average yie lders an(1 except fo r I :i1provedfinhsuri nnc1 :l'iahsuri which ha(l regress ion coef f i c i en ts 0.756 and 0.811r o s p e c t i v e 1 y ~ a l l the othor var i e t i e s seen to ~ , good adapt2.bi l i ty .However lET 2885? ] . 1 6 4 1 3 J . . - 5 8lld IH790-28L4 b soom to be moreadaptable t h o n t h e others . I t ,{j ay be r ec a l le d t ha t these samevar ia t io s shov'/ed good adaptabi l i ty during the previous main season.IR790-28 ..G also showed {


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50/92

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WEED JDOl'lTRO.L TRIALSA. RnLl1foc.1 Condit ions .- l ~ a i n Season IS77

The performanco o f the thrcll bes t herbicide t reatmonts D..tSapu (Tho Gambia) Nye..nkpala (Ghcilla) 8l1d Rolrupr (S ie r ra Loone) D..roprosented in Table 1. Tho r esu l t s ' showed tha t sorile herbic idesperformod as woll as hanc!. woeding as fa r as gra in yield and weedcontrol arel.:;concornod (ST!:Jl F34 C : ~ t S n p u ~ r,ITB 3015; Aviros811 andTOlTInriz e.t H y o . n k p a . l n ~ 2.!lcl Aviroscn a t R.okupr). A ll the: aboveherbic ides gnvo higher grD..in yie ld than tho cont re l (rio yqocding orchon1icnl)

Tho triD..ls were c8.rried out a t Valloy du Kou (Upper Vol t r / .Suakoko (Liber ia) and Hnngo (Sior'r'u Loone) 1ll1der irr ic;atocl condit ionswhile tho Rokupr (S ie r ra Leone) condit ion was ]'o1E'J1Grovo swamp.

Under i r r iga ted condi t ions ; the v2.rious h e rb ic id e trentm (m tsfa i l ed to t:ive significc.:.1.t yie ld incroasGs ovor tbc. control . H o w o vAmex and Saturn a t Vullee du K o u ~ Herbezol ~ : U 1 c 1 lJ.1y.1GX a t Suakoko; !7.JldAvirosru1 and Basacran (480g) n t !:k'll1ge perforLlOd ns well as handwoeding \'vi th regard to yie ld (Teb l c2 ) .

Under rm:mgrove sv'lc.mp condi t ions 2,t Rolrupl'? :Basagran I0I : a v G signific8..'1.tly higher yie ld than the control . \'/i th regard to crninyield? Base.gran ICV milO:':: 8..'Y).d Dc stUll + 2 4-D performed bot te r thc.nhe .nd weoding or \VC8c1 f ree t r e a t t:1Gnts (Tcble :.

In general ; a l l the t r i a l s i tc s had li t l o 'Ne0d probldn duringtho 1977 season.


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africa rice annual report 1978

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