advecon$correcon$of$$ radar@based$probability$of$hail

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8 th European Conference on Severe Storms – ECSS 2015 Wiener Neustadt, Austria, 1418 September 2015 AdvecBon correcBon of radarbased probability of hail in Belgium Maryna Lukach, Loris ForesB, Laurent Delobbe Royal Meteorological InsBtute of Belgium (RMI).

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Page 1: Advecon$correcon$of$$ radar@based$probability$of$hail

8th  European  Conference  on  Severe  Storms  –  ECSS  2015  Wiener  Neustadt,  Austria,  14-­‐18  September  2015    

AdvecBon  correcBon  of    radar-­‐based  probability  of  hail    

in  Belgium  Maryna  Lukach,  Loris  ForesB,  Laurent  Delobbe  Royal  Meteorological  InsBtute  of  Belgium  (RMI).  

Page 2: Advecon$correcon$of$$ radar@based$probability$of$hail

Hail damage

M.  Lukach  

7-­‐9  June  2014  

≈  500  MEUR  

total  loses  

13-­‐14  August  2015  

≈  1000  ha  

fruit  gardens    

1/12  

Page 3: Advecon$correcon$of$$ radar@based$probability$of$hail

Radar-based hail detection in Belgium Zaventem

Belgocontrol (2003)

Wideumont RMI (2001)

radius = 100 km

Jabbeke RMI (2012)

☐ Hail  detec0on              ☐  Advec0on            ☐  Sta0s0cs   2/12  M.  Lukach   ✔

Page 4: Advecon$correcon$of$$ radar@based$probability$of$hail

Raw radar data archive

☐ Hail  detec0on              ☐  Advec0on            ☐  Sta0s0cs   3/12  M.  Lukach   ✔

Radar  in  Wideumont  (2002)    mean  availability  97%  

scan  1    5  elevaBons,  5  minutes    

scan  2    10  elevaBons,  15  minutes  

Radar  in  Jabbeke  (2012)      mean  availability  89%  

Radar  in  Zaventem  (2004)    mean  availability  95%  

monitor  mode  11  elevaBons,  5  minutes  

single  scan  (from  2014)  15  elevaBons,  5  minutes  

single  scan  (from  2012)  

15  elevaBons,  5  minutes  

hazardous  mode  14  elevaBons,  5  minutes  

Page 5: Advecon$correcon$of$$ radar@based$probability$of$hail

Radar-based probability of hail

H0    is  a  (00  C)  –  isotherm  height  

ETOP45    is  a  height  of  45dBZ  echotop  

POH  =    0.319  +  0.133(ETOP45  –  H0)            Holleman,  (2000)  

Waldvogel’s  method        ETOP45      ≥    H0  +  1.4  

POH  –  Probability  of  Hail   ETOP 4

5  

H0  

☐ Hail  detec0on              ☐  Advec0on            ☐  Sta0s0cs   4/12  M.  Lukach   ✔

Page 6: Advecon$correcon$of$$ radar@based$probability$of$hail

Daily Maximum Probability of Hail

☐ Hail  detec0on              ☐  Advec0on            ☐  Sta0s0cs   5/12  M.  Lukach   ✔

Page 7: Advecon$correcon$of$$ radar@based$probability$of$hail

Advection Scheme

The  Op0cal  Flow  Constraint  (OFC)  

•   Par0al  deriva0ves  es0mated  using  finite-­‐difference  method  

•   Domain  split  into  a  number  of  blocks  

•   OFC  solved  for  each  block  using  least  squares  

•   Between  block  con0nuity  imposed  by  Laplacian  minimiza0on  

•   Interpola0on  of  block  veloci0es  on  the  fine  observa0on  grid  

•   Constant  vector  backward-­‐in-­‐0me  advec0on  of  precipita0on  field  

DtR = u∂R∂x

+ v∂R∂y

+∂T∂t

= 0

☐ Hail  detec0on              ☐  Advec0on            ☐  Sta0s0cs   6/12  M.  Lukach   ✔ ✔

(Bowler,  Pierce  and  Seed,  2004)  

Page 8: Advecon$correcon$of$$ radar@based$probability$of$hail

Velocity Vectors

☐ Hail  detec0on              ☐  Advec0on            ☐  Sta0s0cs   7/12  M.  Lukach   ✔ ✔

calculated  per  block   interpolated  on  fine  grid  

Page 9: Advecon$correcon$of$$ radar@based$probability$of$hail

Velocity Vectors Calculation

☐ Hail  detec0on              ☐  Advec0on            ☐  Sta0s0cs   8/12  M.  Lukach   ✔ ✔

based  on  rain  rates   based  on  probability  of  hail  

Page 10: Advecon$correcon$of$$ radar@based$probability$of$hail

Daily Maximum Probability of Hail

☐ Hail  detec0on              ☐  Advec0on            ☐  Sta0s0cs   9/12  M.  Lukach   ✔ ✔

Not  advected   Advected  

Page 11: Advecon$correcon$of$$ radar@based$probability$of$hail

Advection & number of hail days

☐ Hail  detec0on              ☐  Advec0on            ☐  Sta0s0cs   10/12  M.  Lukach   ✔ ✔

Not  advected  mean  10  days  

Advected  mean  16  days  

Number  of  hail  days  in  ten  hail  seasons  2002-­‐2012  (60%  POH  threshold)  

Page 12: Advecon$correcon$of$$ radar@based$probability$of$hail

Mean number of hail days Num

ber  of  days  

☐ Hail  detec0on              ☐  Advec0on            ☐  Sta0s0cs   11/12  M.  Lukach   ✔ ✔ ✔

0  

20  

40  

60  

80  

100  

120  

0  

10  

20  

30  

40  

50  

60  

70  

10   20   30   40   50   60   70   80   90   100  

Threshold,  %  

Number  of  hail  days  (POH  >  %  threshold)  during  2003-­‐2012.  

<-­‐  Non  advected    

<-­‐  Advected  

%  added  advected  -­‐>  right  axis  

Page 13: Advecon$correcon$of$$ radar@based$probability$of$hail

Conclusions

☐ Hail  detec0on              ☐  Advec0on            ☐  Sta0s0cs   12/12  M.  Lukach   ✔ ✔ ✔

!  The advection correction influence is significant for 15 minutes scan.

!  Velocity field estimation is better with POH than with rain rates.

!  Advection correction is important for hail statistics

!  Will it be the case for 5 minutes scan?